选择性必修第一册
UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND
I. 阅读词汇
1. crisis n. (pl. crises）危机；危急关头
2. yield n. 产量；产出 vt. 出产（作物）；产生（收益、效益等）vi. 屈服；让步
3. envision vt. 展望；想象
4. characteristic n. 特征；特点；品质 adj. 典型的；独特的
5. root n. 根；根茎；根部；根源
6. domestic adj. 本国的；国内的；家用的；家庭的
7. celebrity n. 名望；名誉；名人；名流
8. grain n. 谷物；谷粒；颗粒
9. urban adj. 城市的；都市的；城镇的
10. bomb n. 炸弹 vt. 轰炸；对……投炸弹
11. flavo(u)r n. 味道；特点；特色
12. organic adj. 有机的；不使用化肥的；有机物的
13. bacterium n. (pl. bacteria）细菌
14. grocery n. 食品杂货店；[pl.] 食品杂货
15. fertilizer (fertilizer）n. 肥料
16. pesticide n. 杀虫剂；除害药物
II. 写作词汇
1. poverty n. 贫穷；贫困
2. boost vt. 使增长；使兴旺 n. 增长；提高；激励
3. attain vt.（通常经过努力）获得；得到
4. intense adj. 热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的
5. overcome vt. (overcame, overcome)克服；解决；战胜
6. output n. 产量；输出；输出量 vt. (output, output)输出
7. comprise vt. 包括；包含；由……组成
8. generate vt. 产生；引起
9. vision n. 想象；视力；视野；影像
10. digest vt. & vi. 消化 vt. 领会；领悟 n. 摘要；文摘
11. essential adj. 完全必要的；极其重要的
12. alternative n. 可供选择的事物 adj. 可供替代的；非传统的
13. entirely adv. 全部地；完整地；完全地
14. aspect n. 方面；层面
15. tackle vt. 解决（难题）；应付（局面）；处理
16. leisure n. 闲暇；休闲；空闲
17. widespread adj. 分布广的；普遍的；广泛的
III. 拓展词汇
1. devote vt. 把……献（给）；把……专用于；专心于→____________ n. 献身；奉献；忠诚；信仰；祈
祷；热爱→____________adj. 挚爱的；忠诚的；全心全意的
2. shortage n. 不足；缺少；短缺→short adj. 不足的；缺少的；短的
3. convince vt. 使相信；使确信；说服→____________adj. 令人相信的；有说服力的→____________adj.
确信的；坚信的
4. assumption n. 假定；设定；（责任的）承担；（权力的）获得→____________ v. 假定；设定
→____________
conj. 假定；假设
5. estimate vt. 估计；估价；估算 n. 估计；估算→____________ n. 判断；估计；评价
6. consumption n. 消耗；消耗量；消费→____________vt. 消耗；消费→____________n. 消费者
7. reality n. 现实；实际情况；事实→____________adj. 真的；真实的→____________adv. 真正地
→____________vt. 实现；认识到；明白
8. extension n. 扩建部分；扩大；电话分机线→___________vt. 延长；扩大；伸出 vi. 延伸；包括；能伸
展
9. chemical adj. 与化学有关的；化学的n. 化学制品；化学品→____________n. 化学→____________n.
化学家；药剂师
10. nutritious adj. 有营养的；营养丰富的→____________adj. 营养（物）的→____________n. 营养；滋
养→____________n. 营养学家
11. depth n. 向下（或向里）的距离；深（度）→____________adj. 深的→____________v. 加深
12. convention n. 习俗；常规→____________adj. 传统的；习惯的
13. expand vt. & vi. 扩大；增加 vt. 扩展；发展（业务）→____________n. 扩展；发展；扩大
→____________adj. 广阔的；广泛的；全面的
IV. 重点短语
1. ________________________把……用于；致力；献身；专心
2. ________________________相信……
3. ________________________由……组成（或构成）；包含；包括
4. ________________________在内心深处；本质上；实际上
5. ________________________捐助；捐献给……
6. ________________________例如；比如
7. ________________________相应地；转而；依次；轮流
8. ________________________远非；远离
9. ________________________使……免于（影响、伤害等）；使……不含（有害物）
10.________________________富含
11.________________________实现某人的梦想
12.________________________事实上
13. ________________________转向；求助于
V. 经典句式
1. 句型公式：that 引导表语从句
However, what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a
serious shortage of food to eat. 然而，他最担心的是农民经常歉收，有时甚至出现严重的食物短缺。
2. 句型公式: too... to...
As for chemical fertilisers, crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in nutrition. 至于化肥，用
它们种植的农作物通常生长得太快，营养不足。
3. 句型公式: given（that)引导原因状语从句
Given that Yuan’s hybrids made him quite wealthy, one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure.
考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。
4. 句型公式: It is+过去分词+ that…
Today, it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops
generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains... 据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水
稻品种形成的农作物……
VI.语篇填空
I am a senior 3 student from a small village. It is estimated that our class 1. ________ (comprise) of
more than 30 students like me. Deep down, we envision ourselves attaining desirable jobs in urban cities in
the future. Dreams are rooted 2. ________ our hearts. We will combine conventional learning methods with
modern ones 3. ________ (expand) our knowledge and broaden our vision. Then we’ll bravely output what
we have learned. Education is essential for us to get rid of 4. ________ (poor) and tackle other crises. We
shouldn’t yield to difficulties and it is important to boost our confidence in many 5. ________ (aspect). For
instance, at school, too much homework generates much strain, but we have alternative methods to
alleviate our frustration. If we can’t digest 6. ________ the teachers teach in class for a shortage of
characteristic enthusiasm, we may be overcome with sadness. However, nothing is impossible to a willing
mind. On the 7. ________ (assume) that we always have such an intense interest in study, we are greatly 8.
________ (convince) that as long as we are 9. ________ (entire) devoted to our study whether in class or at our
leisure, we’ll put our dreams into reality. In turn, it can enable us to live 10. ________ better life.
核心考点 精讲精练
Part 1 重点单词
1. devote vt. 把…奉献 (给)；把……用于；专心
于
devoted adj. 挚爱的；忠实的
devotion n. 深爱；奉献
真题例句
(2022·北京卷) It is important for everyone to devote
some time to exploring health and fitness. 对每个人
来说，花些时间在探索健康和健身方面是很重要
的。
考点梳理
小题练透
① (外研·X4U1) After Sherlock Holmes made him a
household name, Doyle gave up medicine and
(全身心地投入创作).
His
②
________ (devote) to the cause of education
deserves respect and admiration.
Responsible and
③
,
he is praised by the people around. 他负责任，献
身于社区工作，受到了周围人的称赞。(人物描
写)
2. convince vt. 使相信；使确信；说服
convinced adj. 坚信的；深信的
convincing adj. 有说服力的；令人信服的
真题例句
(2021·新高考Ⅱ卷) Dirty shorts and old shoes gave
him the appearance of a real beggar and his
convincing dialect soon won him the trust of the
beggars. 脏兮兮的短裤和旧鞋子让他看起来像个真
正的乞丐，他那令人信服的方言很快赢得了乞丐
们的信任。
考点梳理
小题练透
① (外研·X4U3) Great to hear you’re coming to the
US! I hope I can convince you ________ (stop)
by and visit us in New York.
Given his experience
②
, I find his ability to tackle the
problem ________ (convince).
③________ I am qualified for this job and I will try
my best to perform my duties if I am lucky enough
to get the position. 我深信我能胜任这份工作，
如果有幸得到这个职位，我将尽最大努力履行
职责。(申请信)
④________________________________________,
which will contribute to building a warm and
harmonious society. 我坚信诚实的重要性，它有
助于建立一个温暖、和谐的社会。(读后续写·主
旨升华)
3. alternative adj. 可供选择的；可替代的
n. 可供选择的事物
alternatively adv. 要不；或者
真题例句
(2024· 新课标Ⅱ卷) Why not try a regional
alternative or check out a popular destination’s
lesser-known sights? 为什么不尝试一个地区性的替
代选择，或者去看看热门目的地那些不太知名的
景点呢？
考点梳理
小题练透
① (作为一种替代方
法), some farmers have switched to organic
farming, and many customers have turned to
organic food when they shop at the local grocery.
The Internet also provides us with a cheap
②
alternative to ________ (communicate) with
others.
③ (2024·全国甲卷·应用文写作) Firstly, shared
bicycles have emerged as a symbol of urban
mobility, . 首先，
共享单车已经成为城市交通的一个象征，为短
途出行提供了一种经济实惠且环保的选择。
We
④
bravely and
learn from it. 我们别无选择，只能勇敢地直面失
败并从中吸取教训。(读后续写·主旨升华)
4. expand vt. & vi. 扩大；增加；扩展；发展 (业
务)；
expansion n. 膨胀；扩张
expansive adj. 广阔的；广泛的
真题例句
(2022· 浙江卷) This work expanded my mind in
ways that are impossible inside the four walls of a
classroom. 这项工作拓展了我的思维，这是在四面
墙的教室里不可能做到的。
考点梳理
小题练透
① (北师大·X2U5)
(随着Helen 知识和词汇量的
不断扩大), she asked more and more questions.
Please expand
②
________ your proposal to make it
more comprehensive.
We took part in a voluntary activity last Friday
③
,
which . 我们上周
五参加了一个志愿活动，该活动不仅开阔了我
们的视野，而且使我们对太空生活有了更广泛
的理解。(活动报道)
Part 2 短语句式
5. given (that) 引导条件状语从句
真题例句
(2024·浙江1 月卷) Given the degree of doubt, Mr
Stienwan d suggests, “It would be wise to stop cloud
seeding.” 鉴于这种怀疑的程度，Stienwand 先生建
议：“停止人工增雨是明智之举。”
考点梳理
小题练透
① (译林·X1U4)
(鉴于他的个人经历和历史背景), it is only
natural to see that the majority of Li Bai’s poems
are characterized by the romantic style.
Even
②
________ (assume) this to be in principle
possible, it will not be achieved soon.
③ , the Dragon Boat
Festival, I am writing to introduce it to you. 鉴于
您对中国的传统节日端午节非常感兴趣，我写
信向您介绍这一节日。(介绍信)
④ , our school
organized a cross-country running race last Sunday.
考虑到我们学生需要更多的锻炼，我校上周日
组织了一次越野赛跑。(活动报道)
6. It is+过去分词+ that…
真题例句
(2023·全国乙卷) It is recently reported that the
number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly
declining and around half of Britain’s consumers
would like to change or improve their cooking in
some way. 最近有报道称，坚持传统饮食的人数正
在缓慢下降，大约一半的英国消费者希望以某种
方式改变或改进他们的烹饪方式。
考点梳理
小题练透
① (外研·B3U1)
(人们认为) EQ plays an even more important role
than IQ (intelligence quotient) in people’s lives.
The flu is believed
②
________ (cause) by viruses
that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human
nose and throat.
A number of paintings in this castle are believed
③
________ (destroy) in a fire in 2019.
Body language is said
④
________ (account) for 55
percent of a first impression.
⑤ one of the most
influential classic adventure novels. 众所周知，这
本书被认为是最有影响力的经典冒险小说之
一。(书评/推荐信)
梯级训练 循序渐进
Part 1 基础达标
维度一 语境辨义
Ⅰ. 熟词生义
1. (2024·北京卷) Instead, they are rooted in the similarity of basic human needs and our shared mechanisms
for learning and problem solving. ________
2. (2022·全国乙卷) There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages
or having a group chat. ________
3. (2021·全国乙卷) Oh, this isn’t for the care I had. I take that as a given. ________
4. (2020·天津卷) For those who hunger for some peace and quiet, sound can now create silence.
________
5. I will never yield to the temporary difficulties I am facing now. ________
6. His paintings really catch the mood and flavour of the country. ________
Ⅱ. 一词多义
1. digest
A. vi. & vt. 消化 B. vt. 理解；领会 C. n. 摘要
① (2023· 新课标Ⅰ卷) Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
________
Data
②
digest is very important for the information security on the Internet. ________
I haven
③
’t entirely digested what he said just now. ________
2. overcome
A. v. 克服；解决 B. v. 打败；战胜 C. v. 受到……的极大影响
To everyone
①
’s shock, in the final game Sweden easily overcame France. ________
His parents were
②
overcome with great sorrow at his grandpa’s funeral (葬礼). ________
In addition
③
, their smile-to-life attitude even in such tough situations also inspired me to overcome any
difficulties in life. ________
维度二 考点强化练
1. (2024· 新课标Ⅰ卷) Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more ________
(convention) veterinarian.
2. (2024·北京卷) Our social instincts (本能) include the ________ (intensity) desire to belong.
3. (2024·北京卷) They also have a clearer ________ (estimate) of what they know and don’t know.
4. (2024·浙江1 月卷) Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric ________ (consume),
we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental
“junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively.
(generate) a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives.
5. (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) We’re trying ________
6. (2023·全国乙卷) However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset
________ (entire).
7. If you come to visit China, you will experience a culture of amazing ________ (deep) and variety.
8. It is essential that he ________ (get) some reliable information before making inferences.
Part 2 写作衔接
写作一 应用文 (说明文·有机农业的益处)
(2024·河北高三阶段练习改编) 近日，你校拟开展以有机农业为主题的讨论会。请你以“What Are the
Benefits of Organic Farming?”为题，写一篇心得体会，届时在讨论会上进行分享。内容包括：1. 有机农业
的益处；2. 有机食品有利于健康；3. 你的感受。
What Are the Benefits of Organic Farming?
Organic farming provides many benefits for farmers as well as consumers around the country.
From where I stand, organic farming is preferable to chemical farming in many aspects.In the first place, we
must do whatever we can to tackle the current food crisis.Organic farming, which is free of chemical fertilizers
and can keep the soil rich, is friendly to the environment.Besides, rich in minerals and vitamins, organic food not
only tastes nice but also reduces the risk of serious disease.
Given that organic farming has many advantages, it is a wise alternative.
写作二 读后续写 (动作描写· “胳膊”动作)
Ⅰ. 素材积累
单
词
hug; wave (挥舞手臂); raise (举起；抬起)
短
语
wave one’s arms 挥动双臂
take one’s arm 挽住某人的胳膊
arm in arm 手挽手；臂挽臂
take sb by the arm= catch/grab/hold one’s arm 抓住某人的胳膊
hold out arms 伸出胳膊
with one’s arms folded/crossed 双臂交叉
under the arm 夹在腋下
hug/hold/embrace sb in one’s arms 拥抱某人
put/throw one’s arms around sb 搂住某人
pull/gather sb into one’s arms 把某人拉/抱在怀中
hold out/open/spread/unfold one’s arms= stretch/throw one’s arms out 张开双臂
句
子
① (译林·X4U1) The two men walked up the street, arm in arm. 这两个男人挽着手臂，沿街走
着。
② (译林·X4U1) The man from the West stopped suddenly and released his arm. 西部来的男人突
然停了下来，松开了他的手臂。
③ (人教·B3U1) After singing some songs, the competitors danced onto the green field, waving their
arms in the air as if they were eagles. 几首歌唱毕，选手们在绿色的场地上跳舞，宛如雄鹰般
挥舞着双臂。
He
④
stood there with crossed arms, looking angry. 他双臂交叉站在那里，看起来很生气。
He
⑤
took a firm grip of my arm and marched towards the door. 他紧紧抓住我的胳膊，朝门口走
去。
The teacher bent down
⑥
, gave this little boy a warm hug and kissed him gently on the forehead. 老
师弯下腰，给了这个小男孩一个温暖的拥抱，并在他的额头上轻轻吻了一下。
Ⅱ. 对点场景
舞台表演As the curtains opened, Mary stepped onto the stage with a bit excitement. She stood silently ①with
her arms folded/crossed, perhaps a bit nervous. But as the music started, she came alive. At the sight of the
audience, she ②opened/spread/unfolded her arms, dancing gracefully. The audience ③were waving their
arms excitedly as she performed. When the music stopped, the audience burst into thunderous applause. Under
the stage, Mary’s mother ④held out her arms and Mary rushed into them. Recalling the training in the past few
months, she burst out crying, and then ⑤put/threw her arms around her mother tightly
. With her mother’s continuous encouragement and companionship, Mary’s efforts finally paid off.
幕布拉开，Mary 带着些许兴奋走上舞台。她静静地站着，双臂交叉，或许有点紧张。但音乐响起时，她
活跃了起来。看到观众，她张开双臂，优雅地舞动着。在她表演时，观众们兴奋地挥舞着手臂。音乐停
止时，观众爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。在舞台下，Mary 的妈妈伸出双臂，Mary 冲进妈妈的怀抱。回想起过去
几个月的训练，她突然哭了起来，然后紧紧地搂住妈妈。在她妈妈不断的鼓励和陪伴下，Mary 的努力终
于得到了回报。
选择性必修第一册
UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND
III. 拓展词汇
1. devote vt. 把……献（给）；把……专用于；专心于→devotion n. 献身；奉献；忠诚；信仰；祈祷；热
爱→devoted adj. 挚爱的；忠诚的；全心全意的
2. shortage n. 不足；缺少；短缺→short adj. 不足的；缺少的；短的
3. convince vt. 使相信；使确信；说服→convincing adj. 令人相信的；有说服力的→convinced adj. 确信
的；坚信的
4. assumption n. 假定；设定；（责任的）承担；（权力的）获得→assume v. 假定；设定→assuming conj.
假定；假设
5. estimate vt. 估计；估价；估算 n. 估计；估算→estimation n. 判断；估计；评价
6. consumption n. 消耗；消耗量；消费→consume vt. 消耗；消费→consumer n. 消费者
7. reality n. 现实；实际情况；事实→real adj. 真的；真实的→really adv. 真正地→realise vt. 实现；认识
到；明白
8. extension n. 扩建部分；扩大；电话分机线→extend vt. 延长；扩大；伸出 vi. 延伸；包括；能伸展
9. chemical adj. 与化学有关的；化学的n. 化学制品；化学品→chemistry n. 化学→chemist n. 化学家；
药剂师
10. nutritious adj. 有营养的；营养丰富的→nutritional adj. 营养（物）的→nutrition n. 营养；滋养
→nutritionist n. 营养学家
11. depth n. 向下（或向里）的距离；深（度）→deep adj. 深的→deepen v. 加深
12. convention n. 习俗；常规→conventional adj. 传统的；习惯的
13. expand vt. & vi. 扩大；增加 vt. 扩展；发展（业务）→expansion n. 扩展；发展；扩大 expansive
adj. 广阔的；广泛的；全面的
IV. 重点短语
1. devote... to 把……用于；致力；献身；专心
2. be convinced of... 相信……
3. be comprised of 由……组成（或构成）；包含；包括
4. deep down 在内心深处；本质上；实际上
5. make donations to 捐助；捐献给……
6. for instance 例如；比如
7. in turn 相应地；转而；依次；轮流
8. far from 远非；远离
9. keep... free from/ of 使……免于（影响、伤害等）；使……不含（有害物）
10. be rich in 富含
11. fulfill one’s dream（s）实现某人的梦想
12. in fact 事实上
13. turn to 转向；求助于
VI.语篇填空
1.is comprised 2.in 3.to expand 4.poverty 5.aspects6.what 7.assumption 8.convinced 9.entirely 10.a
Part 1 重点单词
1.
devoted himself entirely to writing
①
②devotion ③devoted to/devoting himself to community work
2.
to stop
①
②convincing ③I am greatly/firmly convinced that ④I’m firmly convinced of the significance
of honesty
3.
As an alternative
①
②communicating ③offering an affordable and green alternative for short trips
④have no alternative/choice but to face failure
4.
As Helen’s knowledge and vocabulary expanded
①
②on/upon ③not only expanded/broadened our
horizons,but also made us have a more expansive understanding of space life
Part 2 短语句式
5.
Given his personal experiences and the historical background
①
②assuming ③Given (that)/Considering
(that) you are keen on/crazy about the traditional Chinese festival ④Given that we students need more exercise
6.
It is believed that
①
②to be caused ③to have been destroyed ④to account ⑤It is known that the book
has been regarded as/The book is known to have been regarded as
Part 1 基础达标
一、Ⅰ.1.v.扎根于;起源于 2.n.替代品 3.n.可以肯定的基本事实4.v.渴望 5.v.屈服 6.n.特色
Ⅱ.1.
A
① ②C ③B2.
B
① ②C ③A
二、1.conventional 2.intense 3.estimation 4.consumption 5.to generate 6.entirely 7.depth 8.get
