专题 02 阅读理解（说明文）
编者按：2025 年新高考地区二模分类整理，深度解析，排版整齐。
（一）
（2025·浙江绍兴·二模）
To find food in the darkness, deep-diving toothed whales rely on their built-in sonar, which bounces soundwaves
off potential prey to reveal their location. But to these whales, plastic junk floating in the ocean may also “sound”
just like a delicious squid.
A new study suggests plastic debris (碎片) like shopping bags bear remarkably similar “echoes” to those of
squid-likely due to some combination of their shape, size, degree of weathering, and chemical composition, the
authors write. As it spreads in marine environments, it is also showing up in the guts of marine mammals across
hundreds of reported cases, damaging their stomach tissues and causing infection, choking, and malnutrition to the
point of starvation. Matthew Savoca, a marine biologist at Stanford University says, “They’re in pain, they’re starving,
but they think they’re eating.”
For the study, published in Marine Pollution Bulletin, Merrill and his colleagues gathered nine plastic items:
bags, balloons, and other common trash found in whales from North Carolina beaches. The research team hit the
items with sound waves at frequencies that toothed whales use to hunt. They repeated the process on five dead squid
bodies provided by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, as well as five squid beaks taken from a dead
sperm whale’s stomach. All plastic items tested, the team found, returned echoes as strong as or stronger than those
from the squid.
It’s unknown whether deep-diving toothed whales use any means other than echo strength to distinguish food
from not-food-but experts doubt it. Mouthfeel certainly doesn’t factor in. “They don’t really chew and taste like us.
it’s more like suction,” says Laura Redaelli, a Ph.D student in marine biology.
All three experts agree on the need to reduce plastic production in the first place. The ideal approach, Savoca
and Merrill say, involves policy changes and redirecting waste streams from the ocean, especially targeting unnecessary
single-use items. “Maybe we can hope that, at some point, whales will learn the difference between plastic and prey”,
Redaelli says. But until then, “the more plastic we keep putting in, the more animals are going to die.”1．How do deep-diving toothed whales find food?
A．By producing soundwaves to attract prey.
B．By using built-in sonar to locate prey in the dark.
C．By telling food from not-food through mouthfeel.
D．By identifying echoes weaker than those from squids.
2．What is the impact of plastic debris on toothed whales?
A．It may damage their built-in sonar. B．It may reduce their adaptive ability.
C．It may result in their starving to death. D．It may lead to various infectious diseases.
3．What should be done for marine mammals according to the experts?
A．Forbid the production of single-use items. B．Encourage the use of eco-friendly plastics.
C．Establish the policy against whale hunting. D．Prevent waste from flowing into the ocean.
4．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Toothed Whales Are Eating More Plastic Bags B．Marine Life Is Facing An Alarming Death Rate
C．Polluted Marine Environment Needs More Care D．Plastic Sounds Like Dinner for Toothed Whales
（二）
（2025·湖南岳阳·二模）
In Kibaha, Tanzania, near the capital Dares Salaam, architects are set to build a new village with “earth
printing”. Funded by charity One Heart, Hope Village has been designed by architecture firms Hassell and
ClarkeHopkinsClarke to help and house children from across the country who have experienced hardship or unsafe
home environments.
The village will offer schooling for up to 480 children, as well as accommodation, childcare and skills training
for 3-to 18-year-old girls. The landmark building for Hope Village is its community center, a 3D-printed design that
will serve as a school hall and cafeteria during the week and open to the wider community for events at weekends.
“We wanted to make sure that we’re able to create walls that could circulate air in the building, but at the same
time also bring in light,” said Xavier De Kestelier, Hassell’s head of design and innovation, “and turning to 3D
printing allowed for an open, ‘porous’ (多孔的) wall design.”
The earth suitable for printing typically contains 15% to 30% clay, giving it natural bonding characteristics.
The walls will not be load-bearing, as a metal structure will support the roof that covers the walls and protects them
from the elements. The roof will be made from short lengths of locally sourced wood, connected in an interlocking
design on the ground before being raised up and covering the frame like a fabric tent and finished with sheet metal,explained De Kestelier.
“The plan is not just to use technology but to bring technology to the site in Tanzania and leave it there,” said
De Kestelier. As part of the project’s commitment to community outreach and skills training, the constructors will
teach locals how to use the printer so the community can construct further buildings in the future.
1．What is Hope Village in Kibaha aimed at?
A．Engaging in charity activities.
B．Restoring unsafe environments.
C．Experimenting with earth printing.
D．Providing shelter for disadvantaged children.
2．What do we know about the community center?
A．Its walls bear heavy weight. B．It offers children schooling.
C．It’s a 3D-printed building. D．It opens to all during weekdays.
3．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?
A．Environmental benefits of clay. B．Materials and design of the building
C．3D printing for wall construction. D．Techniques in modern architecture.
4．What is the principle of the project?
A．Teach a man to fish. B．Innovation is the key to growth.
C．A good beginning is half done. D．Share knowledge, share success.
（三）
（2025·浙江嘉兴·二模）
Beneath the surface of the earth lies a lively, invisible ecosystem full of life, often referred to as the “living
skin” of the earth. It is a hidden world where countless organisms (生物体) interact in complex ways, driving essential
processes that enable life to survive. They are the unsung heroes of nutrient cycling, soil stability, and even climate
balance.
Organisms in the soil are both copious and diverse. They range in size from the one-celled bacteria, to the
more complex tiny bugs, and to the larger organisms such as insects and plants. Soil microbes (微生物) are too small
to be seen with the unaided eye. Bacteria are the most plentiful microbes in soil, with a population of 1010-1011
individuals and 6,000-50,000 species per gram of soil and a biomass of 40-500 grams per square metre.
If we are to understand the functions of soil microbes and the impact of management practices on soil quality,
we need to analyze microbial community composition beyond just counting individuals. Traditional methods ofstudying microbes often rely on culturing techniques, which have significant limitations as they can only detect a
small part of the microbial community. Advanced genetic (基因的) techniques, such as DNA sequencing and PCR,
however, enable the detection and categorization of previously unculturable microbes. These methods enhance our
ability to identify shifts in microbial communities, providing critical insights into soil health and functional
dynamics.
Soil microbes play both beneficial and harmful roles as contributors to soil environmental problems such as
climate change and groundwater pollution. The physical chemical, and biological soil characteristics and their
interactions with the resident community of soil microbes have a significant impact on the growth and activity of
these microbes. As our understanding of these complex relationships develops, we should be able to develop soil
management practices that are sustainable and can lead to preservation and improvement of soil quality.
1．What does the “living skin” of the earth mainly do?
A．Sustain life on the earth. B．Control microbial population.
C．Protect the surface of the earth. D．Monitor changes in the ecosystem.
2．What does the underlined word “copious” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Small. B．Active. C．Invisible. D．Plentiful.
3．Why are modern genetic techniques used in studying microbes?
A．To identify diverse microbes. B．To simplify microbial counting.
C．To help culture more microbes. D．To minimize microbial impact on soil.
4．What can help us to improve soil management practices?
A．Removing harmful microbes.
B．Distinguishing soil characteristics.
C．Understanding soil-microbe interactions.
D．Strengthening relationships among microbes.
（四）
（2025·河北石家庄·二模）
King Shahryar, betrayed (背叛) by his wife, decides to marry a new woman each night and have her killed by
morning to ensure he is never betrayed again. Scheherazade volunteers to marry the king. Each evening, she begins
an engaging story but stops at dawn, leaving him eager for more. Night after night, she keeps him attracted with new
tales, and over 1,001 nights, the king falls in love with her and abandons his cruel ways.This ancient tale from One Thousand and One Nights highlights storytelling’s impact. Our recent research
shows that strong storytelling skills can dramatically improve someone’s well-being.
At its core, storytelling helps people find meaning from life’s chaos. Studies show we shape our identities by
turning experiences into personal stories. Skilled storytellers excel at two key skills: they need to connect events
logically and they must learn to see the world through the eyes of their characters, understanding the “why” of what
drives people. Applying these two skills to their own lives, skillful storytellers use the first to identify and pursue
what gives their life meaning, while the second develops a mindset that prioritizes the “why” behind their actions
over just the “how”.
To illustrate this point, we conducted studies with 800 participants. We measured storytelling ability through
self-reports, friend evaluations and expert reviews on lab experiments where each participant told one story about
himself and the other with three given random words. In addition to these assessments of storytelling skills, we asked
participants questions to get a sense of how meaningful they found life and whether they approached decisions with
a “why” mindset rather than a “how” mindset.
Results consistently linked storytelling skills to stronger life meaning and goal clarity. Personality also mattered:
people open to new experiences collected more interesting life stories, while shy people used storytelling to balance
out their limited social interaction.
A strong “why” mindset connects with reduced stress and extended life. Storytelling also builds social
connections. By helping people express their purpose and build relationships, stories may indirectly strengthen both
mental and physical health.
Storytelling workshops, now popular globally, may do more than teach communication they could help
participants redefine their life’s direction.
1．Why does the author mention Scheherazade’s stories in the first paragraph?
A．To show Scheherazade’s cleverness. B．To entertain readers with a classic tale.
C．To introduce the topic of storytelling. D．To compare ancient and modern stories.
2．What does the “why” mindset primarily focus on?
A．Completing daily tasks efficiently. B．Avoiding stressful situations.
C．Memorizing random life events. D．Understanding life’s purpose.
3．What were participants asked to do in the lab experiment?
A．Share personal interests in a group.
B．Tell a story with words provided.C．Reflect on the “why” behind their actions.
D．Connect events into a meaningful story.
4．Which can be the best title for the text?
A．Scheherazade’s Survival in an Ancient Tale
B．How People’s Storytelling Abilities Develop
C．Living a Meaningful Life through Storytelling
D．Why Shy People Attend Storytelling Workshops
（五）
（2025·浙江金华·二模）
A wheeled robot rolls across the floor. A soft-bodied robotic star bends its five legs, moving awkwardly.
Powered by conventional electricity via plug or battery, these simple robotic creations would be unremarkable, but
what sets these two robots apart is that they are controlled by a living entity (实体) : a king oyster mushroom.
By growing the mushroom’s mycelium (菌丝体) into the robot’s hardware, a team led by Cornell University
researchers has engineered two types of robots that sense and respond to the environment by using electrical signals
made by the mushroom and its sensitivity to light.
The robots are the latest accomplishment of scientists in a field known as biohybrid robotics who seek to
combine biological, living materials such as plant and animal cells or insects with artificial components to make
partly living and partly engineered entities.
There’s still a long way to go before biohybrid robots go beyond the lab, but researchers hope one day robot
jellyfish may explore oceans, sperm-powered robots may be able to deliver fertility (肥沃) treatments and cyborg
cockroaches could search for survivors in the wake of an earthquake.
“Biohybridization is an attempt to find components in the biological world that we can use, understand, and
control to help our artificial systems work better,” said Shepherd, a professor of mechanical and aerospace engineering
at Cornell University.
The team began by growing king oyster mushrooms in the lab from a simple kit ordered online. The researchers
chose this species of mushroom because it grows easily and quickly. They cultivated (培育) the mushroom’s mycelium,
which can form networks that, according to the study, can sense, communicate and transport nutrients.
The team found it challenging to engineer a system that could detect and use the small electrical signals from
the mycelia to command the robot. “You have to make sure that your electrode (电极) touches in the right positionbecause the mycelia are very thin,” said lead author Anand Mishra. “Then you culture them, and when the mycelia
start growing, they wrap around the electrode.”
1．What is special about the two robots in the first paragraph?
A．They can control living creatures. B．They can make various movements.
C．They are powered by king oyster mushrooms. D．They are partly mushroom and partly machine.
2．What does the author want to show by giving the examples in paragraph 4?
A．The future possibilities of biohybrid robots.
B．The seriousness of the environmental issues.
C．The limitations of biohybrid robots beyond the lab.
D．The advantages of biohybrid robots over conventional ones.
3．What did the team find difficult when engineering the robots?
A．Wrapping the electrode with the mycelia.
B．Arranging the electrode in the right order.
C．Developing a system to cultivate the mycelia.
D．Positioning the electrode accurately on the mycelia.
4．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?
A．When Nature Meets Technology B．How Technology Transforms Nature
C．King Oyster Mushrooms: the Magic of Nature D．Biohybrid Robotics: the Key to Social Development
（六）
（2025·浙江·二模）
The Last Tear of The Atlantic
Nestled deep within the majestic Tian Shan mountain range in Xinjiang, China, Lake Sayram stands as a
magnificent alpine lake, often romanticized as the “last tear of the Atlantic”. This breathtaking natural wonder,
spanning approximately 453 square kilometers and situated at an elevation of 2,073 meters above sea level, holds
the distinction of being the highest and largest lake of its type in the region.
What truly sets Lake Sayram apart is its unique geographical and ecological significance. The lake is primarily
fed by the melting snow and ice from the surrounding peaks, complemented by precipitation that originates from the
Atlantic Ocean, thousands of kilometers away. This distinctive combination of water sources results in the lake’s
remarkable clarity, with visibility reaching up to 10-12 meters, a feature that places it among the clearest lakes in
China.Beyond its aesthetic appeal, Lake Sayram serves as a vital ecological hub. It hosts a rich diversity of plant and
animal species, many of which are rare and indigenous to the area. The lake’s transparent waters provide a habitat
for various unique fish species, while the surrounding wetlands offer shelter to a multitude of bird species. The
ecosystem of Lake Sayram plays a crucial role in maintaining the ecological balance of the region.
The formation of Lake Sayram dates back to the Himalayan orogeny period (喜马拉雅造山运动时期)
approximately 70 million years ago. During this geological epoch, crustal movements led to the fracturing and
subsidence of rock layers, creating a basin where water gradually accumulated and eventually formed the lake.
Throughout history, Lake Sayram has served as a significant stop along the Northern Route of the Silk Road.Ancient
traders and travelers would pass by the lake, taking in its breathtaking beauty and seeking refreshment during their
arduous journeys.
In recognition of its ecological importance and natural beauty, Lake Sayram has been designated as a national
park and a protected area. The local government has implemented stringent conservation measures to preserve the
lake’s pristine environment. Visitors to the lake can engage in a variety of activities such as hiking, bird watching,and
boating, all while immersed in the lake’s natural splendor. The lake’s beauty evolves with the changing seasons,
offering visitors a unique experience throughout the year.In spring, the surrounding hills are adorned with colorful
wildflowers; in summer, the lake provides a cool retreat from the heat; in autumn,the leaves turn golden, creating a
picturesque landscape; and in winter, the lake transforms into a serene, snow-covered wonderland.
1．Which factor is NOT directly linked to Lake Sayram’s exceptional water clarity?
A．The absence of industrial pollution in the basin.
B．The inflow of precipitation from the Atlantic Ocean.
C．The geological stability of the Himalayan orogeny.
D．The dominance of snowmelt over other water sources.
2．What is implied by the phrase“last tear of the Atlantic”in the context of Lake Sayram’s ecology?
A．The lake’s water cycle reflects a fragile connection to distant oceanic systems.
B．The Atlantic’s diminishing influence on global climate is symbolized by the lake.
C．The lake’s formation marked the final stage of the Atlantic’s geological activity.
D．The name highlights the lake’s role as a remnant of ancient oceanic biodiversity.
3．How does the passage characterize the relationship between Lake Sayram’s biodiversity and its historical role
on the Silk Road?
A．The lake’s species diversity directly facilitated trade by providing resources to travelers.B．Its ecological richness and historical significance are presented as coexisting but distinct legacies.
C．Conservation efforts prioritize ecological value over cultural heritage preservation.
D．Ancient traders exploited the lake’s resources, leading to its current protected status.
4．The author’s description of Lake Sayram’s seasonal transformations primarily serves to .
A．critique the impact of tourism on fragile ecosystems
B．illustrate the lake’s adaptability to climatic extremes
C．emphasize its enduring appeal as a multifaceted natural wonder
D．advocate for stricter regulations on recreational activities
（七）
（2025·吉林·二模）
Diverging Philosophies in Modern Artificial Intelligence: A Comparative Study
The landscape of artificial intelligence has become increasingly stratified (分层的) as major players unveil
novel paradigms to navigate the complex interplay between functionality, accessibility, and privacy. Among them,
OpenAI’s ChatGPT, Google’s Gemini, DeepSeek, and Apple Intelligent epitomize diverging philosophical
underpinnings in AI’s progression.
ChatGPT, introduced in 2022, epitomizes the apex of natural language generation. Underpinned by extensive
transformer-based architectures, it excels in coherent discourse, dynamic context-switching, and creative generation.
Its accessibility through API democratizes AI deployment; however, critics underscore its proclivity (倾向) for
generating plausible yet factually erroneous content—a persistent vulnerability in stochastic models.
Google’s Gemini, launched in late 2023, diverges through an aggressive push toward multimodal synthesis.
Beyond mere textual prowess, Gemini interprets and generates across visual, auditory, and textual spectra. Nevertheless,
its proprietary infrastructure and enigmatic training corpus have engendered skepticism regarding its ethical
transparency and bias mitigation efforts.
By contrast, DeepSeek, a nimble contender emerging from China, champions open-source democratization.
Its architectural economy facilitates deployment on modest hardware, thereby lowering the barrier to entry for
researchers and developers. Still, doubts persist over its resilience in adversarial settings and its capacity for genuine
innovation beyond mimetic replication of existing paradigms.
Apple Intelligent, diverging further still, prioritizes localized processing to ensure maximal data sovereignty.
Embedded within native hardware via specialized neural engines, it aspires to fuse ambient computing with rigorousprivacy standards. This strategic insularity, while bolstering user trust, simultaneously circumscribes its adaptability,
especially when juxtaposed against cloud-augmented competitors.
Collectively, these platforms underscore AI’s increasingly pluralistic evolution, wherein trade-offs between
openness, computational sophistication, and ethical stewardship are not merely technical choices but ideological
battlegrounds. As AI systems embed themselves deeper into quotidian existence, discerning users must grapple with
questions not only of performance, but of trust, transparency, and long-term societal ramifications
1．Based on the passage, which platform most intentionally sacrifices adaptability for the sake of privacy?
A．ChatGPT B．Gemini
C．DeepSeek D．Apple Intelligent
2．What can be inferred about the author’s perspective on DeepSeek’s contributions to AI innovation?
A．The author views DeepSeek as a major innovator
B．The author questions whether DeepSeek truly innovates
C．The author believes DeepSeek surpasses Gemini in capabilities
D．The author views DeepSeek as irrelevant to the AI landscape
3．What is one of the main criticisms faced by ChatGPT according to the text?
A．High cost of hardware deployment
B．Overreliance on proprietary datasets
C．Tendency to produce plausible but inaccurate responses
D．Limited multimodal capabilities
4．According to the passage, which platform explicitly integrates multimodal abilities?
A．ChatGPT B．Gemini
C．DeepSeek D．Apple Intelligent
（八）
（2025·浙江·二模）
Chinese scientists have made a significant breakthrough in producing hydrogen from water using light. They
added scandium (钪) to titanium dioxide (二氧化钛, TiO₂) to create a new TiO₂ structure. This innovation increases
hydrogen production efficiency 15 times under sunlight compared to previous TiO₂ materials.
The new performance of photocatalys, which is a chemical reaction that is accelerated by the absorption of
light by a catalyst (催化剂) is due to 5% scandium doping. This creates TiO₂ particles with two crystal facets (面):
{101} and {110}. The {101} facet collects electrons, while the {110} facet receives holes. This arrangement producesa strong electric field within the TiO₂ particles, enhancing charge transport efficiency. As a result, the photoinduced
(光诱导的) charge separation efficiency has improved over 200 times, and the quantum efficiency for ultraviolet
light at 360 nm has exceeded 30%.
Compared to traditional solar hydrogen production methods like photovoltaic-powered electrolysis, this new
approach is simpler and more cost-effective. Traditional methods require complex and expensive equipment, while
TiO₂-based photocatalysts offer a more straightforward alternative. However, TiO₂ has a problem: photoexcited
electrons and holes reunite quickly, reducing efficiency. The scandium-doped TiO₂ solves this problem in two ways:
1. Eliminating Charge Traps: Sc³⁺ ions fit well into the TiO₂ structure without causing distortion. Their stable
+3 charge neutralizes the imbalance caused by oxygen vacancies, reducing electron-hole recombination.
2. Reconstructing the Crystal Surface: Scandium atoms rearrange the crystal surface to form specific facets,
giving electrons and holes more time and space to participate in reactions.
If made into a 100 m² photocatalytic panel, this material could generate enough hydrogen in one day to power a
hydrogen fuel cell vehicle to travel about 68 kilometers. China has the world’s largest TiO₂ production capacity and
significant scandium reserves, so this discovery could facilitate the large-scale industrial application of photocatalytic
water splitting technology. It offers a promising way for more efficient and economical hydrogen production, which
is crucial for transitioning to sustainable and carbon-neutral energy systems.
This advancement highlights the potential of rare-earth elements in improving photocatalytic materials. As the
world seeks ways to reduce carbon emissions and combat climate change, this scandium-doped TiO₂ photocatalyst
provides hope. It could accelerate the adoption of hydrogen as a clean energy carrier and support the development of
hydrogen-powered technologies across various industries.
In summary, this new scandium-doped TiO₂ photocatalyst is a major step forward in renewable energy. Its
impressive performance and potential for widespread application bring us closer to a future where clean, sustainable
hydrogen energy is both abundant and economically feasible. This breakthrough is expected to inspire further research
and innovation in the design of advanced photocatalytic materials, driving the world closer to a carbon-neutral and
sustainable energy future.
1．What fundamental innovation enables the dramatic improvement in hydrogen production efficiency?
A．Substituting rare-earth elements for traditional catalysts.
B．Optimizing catalyst structure through elemental integration.
C．Developing ultra-thin semiconductor membrane layers.
D．Implementing multi-stage photovoltaic conversion systems.2．Which dual mechanism addresses the rapid recombination of electrons and holes?
A．Neutralizing ionic imbalances and restructuring reactive pathways.
B．Enhancing photon absorption and extending wavelength ranges.
C．Introducing magnetic fields and cooling thermal byproducts.
D．Isolating oxygen molecules and pressurizing reaction chambers.
3．Considering China’s industrial context, which factor would most critically determine the scalability of this
technology?
A．Global market demand for hydrogen vehicles.
B．Availability of specialized manufacturing equipment.
C．Domestic mineral resource distribution patterns.
D．International carbon emission regulations.
4．A renewable energy startup plans to pilot this technology. Which implementation challenge aligns with the
statement “photoexcited electrons and holes reunite quickly” (para. 3)?
A．Maintaining stable light intensity across large surface areas.
B．Preventing premature energy loss during charge migration.
C．Scaling up ultraviolet light filtration systems.
D．Balancing production costs with catalyst durability.
（九）
（2025·甘肃金昌·二模）
Growing evidence shows that dancing can boost brain health and help manage neurocognitive (神经认知的)
disorders. So what is it about dance that’s different from other regular exercises?
Helena Blumen, a cognitive scientist at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, says the complex mental
multitasking that dancing requires engages various parts of the brain at the same time. Basically, dancing requires
more brainpower than simpler repetitive exercises.
While scientists are still learning how the mechanisms of dancing work in the brain, a clearer picture is
beginning to emerge. Researchers at Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Germany, did MRI scans of older
adults who had participated in one of two programs over a six-month period. One group practiced dance and the other
did a traditional exercise program with cycling and strength training. While both groups improved their level of
physical fitness, the dancers grew more white and gray matter in the parts of their brains responsible for cognitive
processes. Both white and gray matter typically decline as we get older, making communication in the brain slow.Imagine your brain is a city with loads of roads. The researchers assume, the changes brought by dancing
contribute to brain plasticity, which is like the city’s ability to build new roads, repair old ones or even change the
direction of traffic based on how often the routes are used and what the city needs.
In addition to the physical and neurological (神经学的) benefits, dance can also help people accept what their
bodies can and can’t do. Dawnia Baynes, 44, developed multiple sclerosis (MS) after her body lost all feeling from
the chest down. She recently joined an online dance program for people with MS. Not only has it improved her range
of motion, it has also helped her overcome her fear of being judged for how she moves.
“To see other people moving is like I’m moving,” she says, “and knowing that I don’t have to be professional
and super technical in my dancing makes me comfortable with where I am right now.”
1．What does dancing involve according to the passage?
A．Mental multitasking.
B．Picturing abstract images.
C．Simple repetitive exercises.
D．A high level of physical fitness.
2．What does the underlined word “plasticity” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Growth. B．Volume.
C．Flexibility. D．Damage.
3．How has Baynes benefited from dancing?
A．She has become a professional dancer.
B．She has set up an online dance program.
C．She has broadened her range of influence.
D．She has developed greater self-acceptance.
4．What is a suitable title for the passage?
A．Dance for Better Health
B．Choose Proper Exercise
C．Take Yourself as You Are
D．Manage Neurocognitive Disorders
（十）
（2025·山东济南·二模）
Nestled along the shores of Lake Mergozzo in northern Italy stands a 1960s architectural relic reborn as asanctuary of retro charm. The house, constructed in 1963 during Italy’s postwar design renaissance, had languished
for years until Hilary Belle Walker — a San Francisco-born vintage fashion entrepreneur — stumbled upon its listing
on a Milan real-estate portal in 2018. Though Hilary resided in Milan, her fascination with the lake region’s unspoiled
beauty compelled her to purchase the property sight unseen, relying solely on photographs and trusted associates’
assessments.
Restoration posed unique challenges. While preserving original elements like pistachio-green terrazzo (水磨
石) floors and mid-century wood paneling (镶板), Hilary strategically sourced period-accurate décor. She combed
European flea markets for discontinued Swedish floral wallpaper from 1965 and salvaged unused avocado-toned
bathroom fixtures from a shuttered Turin warehouse. The living area juxtaposes two rare Missoni wool rugs — one
unearthed at a French estate sale, the other from a Bergamo antique dealer — their geometric patterns echoing the
home’s recurring plum-and-moss-green palette. A daring maroon ceiling installation modernizes the retro aesthetic
without overshadowing vintage foundations.
The lakeside setting dictated design choices. A sliding glass wall — an engineering feat for its time — opens
to a balcony retaining original hexagonal cement tiles, framing panoramic lake vistas. Outdoors, a two-tonne sandstone
table hauled from a disused Alpine quarry now anchors alfresco (户外的) gatherings under a century-old oak. Hidden
across the adjacent gravel road lies Hilary’s coup de grâce: a secluded pebble beach accessible via a camouflaged
path, where dawn swims occur in near-total solitude.
Lifestyle contrasts with urban modernity define the home’s ethos. While Hilary’s Milan apartment buzzes with
digital conveniences, here a 1963 Garrard turntable spins jazz vinyls, and a boxy Philips DVD player replaces
streaming services. Provisions come exclusively from Mergozzo’s family-run bottega (作坊), adhering to Hilary’s
philosophy of “slow consumption”. This intentional disconnect extends to the region’s cultural hybridity: Swiss-
Germanic influences permeate local dialects and customs, a legacy of cross-border traditions.
Critics might question the practicality of such meticulous restoration, particularly the decision to retain original
single-pane windows despite their thermal inefficiency. For Hilary, however, authenticity trumps modernity. “The
flaws are heirlooms,” she insists, noting how winter frost patterns on the glass recapture her childhood memories of
Lake Tahoe. Even the master bedroom’s creaky parquet flooring — a tripping hazard by contemporary standards —
remains untouched, its imperfections deemed narrative artifacts.
1．What was Hilary’s key principle in selecting materials during restoration?
A．Prioritizing modern convenience.
B．Balancing aesthetics with functionality.C．Sourcing materials matching the historical context.
D．Strictly using original 1960s components.
2．What can be inferred about Hilary’s attitude toward modern technology in the lake house?
A．She deliberately avoids it to preserve historical authenticity.
B．She embraces it cautiously to balance aesthetics and function.
C．She prioritizes affordability over technological advancements.
D．She incorporates it minimally due to limited local resources.
3．What is the primary purpose of the paragraph 3?
A．To contrast architectural styles between Milan and Lake Mergozzo.
B．To explain how natural surroundings guided design decisions.
C．To criticize the impracticality of preserving outdated materials.
D．To emphasize the financial challenges of the restoration process.
4．Which statement best captures the central theme of the passage?
A．Architectural preservation requires sacrificing modern comforts.
B．Postwar Italian architecture holds unmatched historical significance.
C．Cultural identity can be woven into design through intentional curation.
D．Lakeside properties demand constant modernization for functionality.
（十一）
（2025·湖北·二模）
A futuristic world has always been charming to humans. Movies and sci-fi novels have made us fantasize about
a society flooded with humanoid robots that helps free us from mind-numbing tasks while we focus on things that
require our attention or simply relax.
Brain-computer interface (BCI) (脑机接口) is one such technology. Pioneered by Elon Musk’s Neuralink,
these brain implants could enable mind-controlled computing—potentially going far beyond just reading thoughts.
This can solve many medical conditions, including paralysis, anxiety, and addiction. BCI chips acquire brain signals,
analyze them, and translate them into commands sent to output devices that carry out desired actions. It does not use
normal neuromuscular (神经肌肉的) output pathways. It is often used as assisted living devices for individuals with
neuromuscular disorders such as stroke, or spinal cord injury.
Basically, BCI results from the blend of technologies from the fields of electrical engineering, computer
science, biomedical engineering, and neurosurgery. These BCI devices are of two types, namely, Non-invasive (非侵入性的) BCI and Invasive BCI. Non-invasive BCI tools use sensors applied on or near the head to track and record
brain activity. These ones can be placed and removed easily, but their signals may be indistinct and imprecise.
However, Invasive BCI requires surgery as they are to be implanted beneath the skull, directly into the brain, to target
specific sets of neurons, thus providing a much clearer and more accurate signal between the brain and the device.
Using BCIs can potentially enhance its personnel’s physical and cognitive power. While BCIs try to imitate
the way our brains function, understanding the mechanics can be quite challenging for researchers. Further, there
have been concerns on ethical grounds on this research. This includes privacy and security issues. Ethicists fear that
captured neural signals can be used to gain access to a user’s private information. On the other hand, because BCI
chips and devices capture signals directly from a subject’s nervous system, this transmitted data can be extracted for
evil purposes, or even the whole BCI system can be broken into by cybercriminals. Hope these issues are addressed
before the commercial launch of BCIs in the future.
1．According to the text, who may benefit most from BCI?
A．A woman losing her ability to speak.
B．An engineer thirsty for high productivity.
C．A patient incapable of moving after injuries.
D．An athlete aiming for improved performance.
2．What can we learn about BCI from the third paragraph?
A．Non-invasive BCI provides clearer signals.
B．Invasive BCI enables precise neural recordings.
C．Invasive BCI can be easily removed like a headset.
D．Non-invasive BCI requires permanent skull implants.
3．What’s the potential risk BCI may bring in the text?
A．Theft of brain data.
B．Short service life of implanted devices.
C．High cost of BCI devices.
D．Difficulty in understanding brain signals.
4．The author’s attitude towards BCI is ________.
A．Strongly negative. B．Fully supportive.
C．Cautiously optimistic. D．Completely indifferent.
