ARTICLE · 1055974
冲刺高考高考英语第一轮复习词汇篇--形容词和副词
复习提纲:
一、形容词
1.形容词作后置定语的情况:复合不定代词,表语形容词,由连词and、or 或 but连接的两个形容词,形容词+介词或不定式构成的短语,表时间、度量的名词连用时。
2.多个形容词修饰同一个名词排序。
A beautiful small round old yellow French wooden study room .
辅助记忆:美小圆旧黄,法国木书房。
3.易用错的几类形容词。
i)作表语时,不能用人作主语的:convenient,difficult ,necessary ,possible.
i i)常见系动词:
be、become、get、turn、feel、look、sound、smell、taste、keep、stay、remain、seem、appear、grow
i i i)以-ly结尾的形容词:
friendly ,silly ,likely ,lovely ,lively,elderly ,deadly,brotherly.
iiii)常作表语的形容词:afraid ,alike ,awake ,alone ,alive ,ill ,well ,content,sure .
v)常作定语的形容词:main,elder ,little ,golden ,everyday ,lone ,outer. (a lone tree)
4.形容词的比较级。
①原级比较as/not as…as…,
②比较级+than
③倍数修饰表示比较意义的句型的用法,i)倍数+as+形容词原级+as…,ⅱ)倍数+形容词比较级+than…,ⅲ)形容词比较级+than…+by+倍数。
5.最高级:
i)the+最高级(+名词复数)+比较范围(in/of)
ⅱ)比较级+than+① any other+可数名词单数,②all (the)other+可数名词复数,③anyone/anything else,④any of the other +可数名词复数,
6.形容词比较等级的修饰语:原级:just,almost,nearly, half, 分数, 百分数等。
比较级:even,much, far, a little, a lot, a bit (辅助记忆:→姨妈远离三只鹅)still, a great deal …,by far …,
最高级:by far, very, much, almost, nearly,
二、副词:
一、副词的句法功能:
①作状语﹥可以修饰动词、形容词、其他副词和全句,
②作表语>主要指主语的方位、方向、动作情况
③作定语>主要是表示时间或地点的副词,这类副词作定语时应后置。
④作补足语>主要说明宾语或主语所处的位置、状态等。
二、副词的位置:修饰形容词、副词时,一般位于被修饰词的前面;可放在句首,也可放在句末;频度副词放在行为动词前,情态动词、助动词、be动词之后;修饰全句时,一般放在句首。
三、副词比较等级的用法:>基本上同形容词。
强化训练题(一)
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers ______ (sudden) became friendly to one another.
2. As far as I am concerned, Jim is a very ______ (rely) boy—if he promises to help us, he’ll do it.
3. What was so ______ (impress) about Jasmine Westland’s victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed.
4. It may not be a great suggestion. But before a ______ (good) one is put forward, we’ll make do with it.
5. He sat down and started ______ (gentle) talking to the dog.
6. Although she did not know Boston well, she made her way ______ (easy) enough to the Home Circle Building.
7. It’s often difficult to find ______ (exact) the right word to express what you want to say.
8. Mary’s starting to get pretty ______ (excite) about the wedding.
9. He is a ______ (disappoint) child and his parents are ______ (disappoint) with him.
10. The river was so polluted that it ______ (actual) caught fire and burned.
第1题
句子翻译:公交车上的所有人都开始谈论这个男孩的所作所为,这群陌生人突然变得彼此友好起来。
答案:suddenly
详细解析:考点:形容词转换为副词。空格后面是动词became(变得),副词修饰动词。sudden是形容词“突然的”,副词形式suddenly,表示“突然地”。
第2题
句子翻译:在我看来,吉姆是一个十分可靠的男孩——如果他承诺帮我们,就一定会做到。
答案:reliable
详细解析:考点:动词转换为形容词。空格修饰名词boy,修饰名词要用形容词。rely为动词“依靠,信赖”,形容词形式reliable,意为“可靠的,可信赖的”。
第3题
句子翻译:贾斯敏·韦斯特兰的胜利最令人印象深刻的一点是,她赤脚拿下了马拉松冠军。
答案:impressive
详细解析:考点:动词转换为形容词。本句包含主语从句,was是系动词,so后接形容词作表语。impress是动词“使印象深刻”,形容词impressive,含义“令人印象深刻的”。
第4题
句子翻译:这或许不是一个绝佳的建议。但在更好的建议被提出之前,我们先将就用这个。
答案:better
详细解析:考点:形容词比较级。语境对比:当前这个建议不算很好,要等更好的建议出现。good是原级,比较级better,表示“更好的”。
第5题
句子翻译:他坐下来,开始轻声和这条狗说话。
答案:gently
详细解析:考点:形容词转换为副词。空格修饰后面的talking(现在分词,表动作),修饰动作要用副词。gentle形容词“温和的”,副词gently,意为“轻柔地,温和地”。
第6题
句子翻译:尽管她不太熟悉波士顿,但她还是很顺利地找到了家园环大厦。
答案:easily
详细解析:考点:形容词转换为副词。修饰动词短语made her way(前往,行进),要用副词。easy形容词“容易的”,副词easily,含义“容易地,顺利地”。
第7题
句子翻译:要找到恰好合适的词语来表达你想说的话,往往很难。
答案:exactly
详细解析:考点:形容词转换为副词。修饰动词find,副词修饰动作。exact形容词“准确的”,副词exactly,表示“恰好,正是”。
第8题
句子翻译:玛丽开始对这场婚礼感到相当兴奋。
答案:excited
详细解析:考点:-ed / -ing形容词辨析。get属于系动词,此处描述人的感受“感到兴奋的”,用excited。exciting用来形容事物,意思是“令人兴奋的”。
第9题
句子翻译:他是个令人失望的孩子,他的父母对他感到失望。
答案:disappointing;disappointed
详细解析:考点:-ed / -ing形容词辨析。disappointing:形容词,令人失望的(修饰人/事物,强调带给别人的感受);disappointed:形容词,感到失望的(主语是人,固定搭配be disappointed with sb:对某人感到失望)。
第10题
句子翻译:这条河污染极其严重,竟然真的起火燃烧了。
答案:actually
详细解析:考点:形容词转换为副词。修饰动词短语caught fire(着火),用副词。actual形容词“实际的”,副词actually,含义“竟然,实际上”。
(二)
1. If we leave right away, ______ (hope) we’ll arrive on time.
2. There are plenty of opportunities for the ______ (create) person to become involved, including workshops and events.
3. How does learning about ______ (culture) heritage affect your opinion about your role in protecting your culture?
4. This novel was once the most ______ (wide) read book in high schools in the United States.
5. It, of course, will be ______ (benefit) to your understanding of the Chinese language.
6. You’ll just have to be ______ (patience) and wait till I’m off the phone.
7. There must be an ______ (easy) way to do that.
8. In this lecture, I can only give you a purely ______ (person) view of how we can live life to the full and make some suggestions about the future.
9. Of all the five boys, he is the ______ (tall).
10. At least 75 animal welfare organizations exist in that country which provide care and adoption services for ______ (home) and ill-treated animals.
1. If we leave right away, ______ (hope) we’ll arrive on time.
2. There are plenty of opportunities for the ______ (create) person to become involved, including workshops and events.
3. How does learning about ______ (culture) heritage affect your opinion about your role in protecting your culture?
4. This novel was once the most ______ (wide) read book in high schools in the United States.
5. It, of course, will be ______ (benefit) to your understanding of the Chinese language.
6. You’ll just have to be ______ (patience) and wait till I’m off the phone.
7. There must be an ______ (easy) way to do that.
8. In this lecture, I can only give you a purely ______ (person) view of how we can live life to the full and make some suggestions about the future.
9. Of all the five boys, he is the ______ (tall).
10. At least 75 animal welfare organizations exist in that country which provide care and adoption services for ______ (home) and ill-treated animals.
第1题
句子翻译:如果我们立刻出发,希望我们能准时到达。
答案:hopefully
详细解析:考点:形容词变副词。此处副词hopefully修饰整个句子,意为“希望如此”。hope(v.希望)→ hopeful(adj.满怀希望的)→ hopefully(adv.但愿;满怀希望地)。
第2题
句子翻译:富有创造力的人有很多参与的机会,包括研讨会和各类活动。
答案:creative
详细解析:考点:动词变形容词。空格修饰名词person,要用形容词。create(v.创造)→ creative(adj.有创造力的)。
第3题
句子翻译:了解文化遗产会如何影响你对于自身在保护本土文化中所承担角色的看法?
答案:cultural
详细解析:考点:名词变形容词。空格修饰名词heritage(遗产),形容词修饰名词。culture(n.文化)→ cultural(adj.文化的);cultural heritage 固定搭配:文化遗产。
第4题
句子翻译:这本小说曾经是美国高中阅读最广泛的书。
答案:widely
详细解析:考点:形容词变副词。修饰过去分词read,要用副词。wide(adj.宽的)→ widely(adv.广泛地);widely read 广为阅读的。
第5题
句子翻译:当然,这将有助于你理解中文。
答案:beneficial
详细解析:考点:名词变形容词。be beneficial to… 固定短语:对……有益。benefit(n.益处 v.有益于)→ beneficial(adj.有益的)。
第6题
句子翻译:你只能耐心等待,等我打完电话。
答案:patient
详细解析:考点:名词变形容词。be动词后接形容词作表语。patience(n.耐心)→ patient(adj.耐心的)。
第7题
句子翻译:一定有更简单的方法来做这件事。
答案:easier
详细解析:考点:形容词比较级。暗含对比,存在一种比现有办法更简单的方式,easy的比较级easier,意为“更容易的,更简单的”。
第8题
句子翻译:在这次讲座中,我只能给你纯粹个人的观点,讲讲我们如何充实地生活,并对未来给出一些建议。
答案:personal
详细解析:考点:名词变形容词。修饰名词view,需要形容词。person(n.人)→ personal(adj.个人的);personal view 个人观点。
第9题
句子翻译:在这五个男孩当中,他是最高的。
答案:tallest
详细解析:考点:形容词最高级。范围“Of all the five boys”(五个男孩之中),三者及以上范围用最高级,tall的最高级tallest。
第10题
句子翻译:那个国家至少有75个动物福利机构,为无家可归以及遭受虐待的动物提供照料和收养服务。
答案:homeless
详细解析:考点:名词变否定形容词。修饰名词animals,and连接并列形容词ill-treated(受虐待的)。home(n.家)→ homeless(adj.无家可归的)。
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