文档内容
形容词和副词
一、形容词和副词的句法功能
【考题再现】
①(2024·德州模拟) With the number of young attendees rising, the museums have been launching creative
(creation) products and services.
②(2024·成都模拟) It (Keju) was a method to elect the talented to the government official (office) posts in
ancient China.
③(2024·绵阳模拟) Wu is not a household name in China, where she was born and grew up, or in the United
States, where she spent most of her life, but she was one of the most influential (influence) nuclear physicists of
the 20th century.
【要点总结】考点1 形容词主要用来修饰名词、代词, 表示事物或人的性质和特征,可作定语、表语、宾
语补足语、主语补足语或状语等。
I have to attend an important meeting this afternoon. (作定语)
I know he is too optimistic but I don’t want to depress him. (作表语)
The room was found very dirty. (作主语补足语)
Optimism makes a life happier and more meaningful. (作宾语补足语)
Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days. (作状语)
【重点提示】
(1)通常只作表语的形容词:
①以“a-”开头的形容词:afraid害怕的, alone孤单的, alive活着的, alike相似的, ashamed羞愧的, awake醒着
的;
②content, worth, ill(有病的,不舒服的), sure, liable, well等。
(2)通常不用“人”作主语的形容词:
possible, impossible, probable, convenient, necessary等。
(3)形容词作状语时,其逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持一致。
考点2 副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、副词甚至整个句子,可作状语、表语、宾语补足语等。
Whenever we have trouble with our studies, our teachers help us patiently. (作状语)
The tide was out and they walked among the rock pools. (作表语)
Unfortunately, I was still very clumsy behind the wheel of the jeep. (作状语)
【重点提示】
(1)有些副词并不修饰动词, 而是修饰整个句子, 表示说话人的看法。常见的这类副词有:表递进 besides, further, then, moreover等
表结果 therefore, consequently, accordingly, thus等
表转折 though, instead, otherwise, however等
表等同 similarly, equally等
表对比 rather, oppositely等
表概括 altogether, generally等
表列举 first(ly), second(ly), finally等
表同位 namely等
表时间 meanwhile, sometimes, occasionally等
表特指 particularly, especially等
(2)兼有两种形式的副词
其中一种形式与形容词相同,另一种形式是在形容词后加后缀-ly。这两种形式的副词表示的意义不同。
{close靠近地(指距离)
closely仔细地,密切地
{ free免费
freely自由地,自如地
{ deep深深地
deeply深刻地,非常
{ hard努力地
hardly几乎不
二、形容词和副词的相互转化
【考题再现】
①(2024·开封模拟) By creating separate lists, you can completely (complete) focus your attention and energy on
one set of tasks at a time.
②(2024·广东模拟) The original musical drama tells the story of a deliveryman’s various attempts to find his
long-lost sister, only to become a trainee in a boxing center accidentally (accidental), and he finally wins the
championship in a boxing competition.
③(2024·潮州模拟) This change led to food becoming more easily (easy) available.
【要点总结】考点1 大多数副词是由形容词加后缀-ly构成。主要变化规律:
转化方法 例词
real—really;
一般情况下,在形容词词尾直接加-ly
helpful—helpfully
busy—busily;
以辅音字母加-y结尾的形容词要变-y为i,然后再加-ly
angry—angrily;easy—easily
terrible—terribly;
以-le结尾,去e直接加-y
gentle—gently
元音字母+e 结尾,先去掉e,然后再加-ly true—truly
其他 以ll结尾的形容词只加-y full—fully
特殊
automatic—automatically;energetic—
以ic结尾的形容词加-ally
情况 energetically
考点2 在英语中,有些词既可以作形容词,又可以作副词。需要在特定语境中判断它们各自的词性。如
early, much, fast, little, wide, loud, well等。
It brought a wide smile to his face and laughter to his eyes. (形容词)
In a few seconds she was wide awake. (副词)
【重点提示】下列单词以-ly结尾, 但却是形容词而非副词:lively, lonely, lovely, deadly, friendly, ugly, silly,
timely等。
三、形容词和副词的比较级、最高级
【考题再现】
①(2024·内江模拟) The previous highest (high) price was also set in the UAE.
②(2024·开封模拟) It’s even more stressful (stress) when you forget something important.
③(2024·广东模拟) The Show Season has been shown for five years, and the three classics this time represent the
latest (late) achievements of Guangdong’s artistic creation.
【要点总结】考点1 比较级和最高级的构成
(1)规则形式
①单音节以及少数双音节形容词和副词, 在原级后加-er, -est构成, 如hard—harder—hardest。其他特殊变
化见下表:
特殊情况 构成方式 例词
以不发音的 e 结
加-r和-st brave—braver—bravest
尾
以“辅音字母+y”
变y为i, 再加-er和-est happy—happier—happiest
结尾
以重读闭音节结
双写词尾字母, 再加-er和-est hot—hotter—hottest
尾
②多音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,在原级前加more, most构成。
active—more active—most active
happily—more happily—most happily
【重点提示】①少数双音节词及以-er或-le结尾的词,可以有两种比较级和最高级形式
common—commoner/more common—commonest/most common②表示“最高程度”的形容词,如excellent, extreme, perfect, favorite等,没有最高级,也不能用比较级。
(2)不规则形式
good/well—better—best
far—farther/further—farthest/furthest
bad/ill/badly—worse—worst
考点2 比较等级的用法
(1)基本用法
①两者相比, 表示“和……一样”, 用“as+原级+as”表示。
He worked as fast as a qualified technician.
【重点提示】在同级比较中, 若出现形容词修饰单数可数名词, 其语序为: as+adj.+a(n)+n.+as。
John is as clever a boy as you wish to meet.
②两者相比, 表示“不如……”, 用“not as/so+原级+as”。
It is not so expensive as you might expect.
③两者相比, 表示“比……更”, 用“比较级+than”;表示“不比……更”, 用“not+比较级+than”。
The process of learning and developing is more important than the outcome.
Her pronunciation is as good as, if not better than, her teacher’s.
【重点提示】有些形容词本身含有比较的意义,其后面用to而不用than。如:superior to(优于,高于); inferior
to (次于); senior to (年长于,地位高于); junior to(地位低于); prior to (早于,较重要于)。
④三个或三个以上的人或事物比较, 表示最高程度时, 用“the+最高级+比较范围”。
Her sons are the most important people in her life.
(2)特殊用法
①“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。
Learning becomes more and more difficult as we get older.
②“the+比较级, the+比较级”表示“越……,就越……”。
The harder we work, the more progress we will make.
③“more+原级+than”表示“与其说……,不如说……”。
She is more diligent than clever.
④“more than+主语+can+谓语”表示“非……所能; ……不能”。
The beauty of the place is more than I can describe.
⑤“否定词+比较级”表示肯定的最高级。
I couldn’t agree with you any more.
⑥表示倍数的三个常用句型a.倍数+as+原级+as...
The new building is three times as high as the old one.
b.倍数+比较级+than...
The new building is three times higher than the old one.
c.倍数+the size/length/width/height, etc.+of...
The new building is three times the height of the old one.
Our classroom is three times as large as theirs.
=Our classroom is three times larger than theirs.
=Our classroom is three times the size of theirs.
考点3 比较级的修饰语
(1)修饰比较级的常用词和短语有rather, much, still, even, (by)far, a lot, a little, a great deal,a bit等。
The theme of the play stood out even more clearly after it was revised.
(2)常用的最高级的修饰语有by far, nearly, almost, by no means, not really以及序数词等。
I would say that intellect is by far the most important factor.
四、常用的分词形容词
【考题再现】
①(2024·北京朝阳模拟) Perhaps it should not be surprising (surprise) that the Internet has brought with it a new
wave of horrific destructiveness.
②(2024·济南模拟) Chung is excited (excite) to earn money on his own, and it has also boosted his self-
confidence.
③(2024·攀枝花模拟) Living in the midst of the woods and lush greenery makes me feel relaxed (relax).
【要点总结】考点:-ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别:-ed形容词通常修饰人,意为“(某人)感到……”;-ing形
容词通常修饰事物,意为“(某事物)令人……”或“令人……的(事物)”。这样成对的形容词有:interested/
interesting;excited/exciting;
frightened/frightening;surprised/surprising;pleased/pleasing;moved/moving;disappointed/disappointing等。
The wine was excellent, but the food was disappointing.
We will be pleased to answer any questions you may have.
【重点提示】原则上,-ed 形容词通常直接用于修饰人,若修饰事物,则多为 look (表情), air(神态),
appearance(外貌), cry(哭声), face(面部表情), voice(声音), mood(情绪)等显示某人的情感状况的名词。
Roger just looked up at him with a surprised look.
A hand helped me out of the tree, and a frightened voice asked me if I was badly hurt.
【重点提示】语法填空题形容词、副词考法1.看到空格处修饰的是名词, 要想到用形容词。
2.看到空格处修饰的是动词、形容词、副词或整个句子, 要想到用副词。
3.看到与than连用, 要想到用形容词或副词的比较级。
4.看到and, or, but等并列连词前或后用的比较级, 要想到用比较级。
5.看到语境中暗含比较含义, 要想到用比较级(二者之间)或最高级(三者及以上)。
形容词或形容词词组作状语具有双重特点,既说明其逻辑主语的性质或状态,又修饰句子中的谓语动词,
具有副词功能。熟悉其特征,可以很好地提高综合利用语言的能力。
写作运用:完成句子
1.长途旅行之后,我们三个又饿又累地回家了。
After the long journey, the three of us went back home,hungry and tired.
2.无法用言语表达自己,他们默默地握住我们的手。
Unable to find words to express themselves, they silently grasped our hands.
考点精练
1. And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is seeing the smiling face of a good friend.
2. Many animals move from one place to another every year. This movement is migration.
3. The temperature remained below the point throughout the day.
4. Obviously, there’s no magic way to learn English .
5. But I was wrong. at all.
6. It is considered that digital TV is satellite TV because it allows the same services to be
delivered with clearer pictures.
7. In the following weeks, Sally worked out 10 class rules and posted them on the walls of the classroom. She
explained all the rules to the students and required everyone to follow them.
8. children are aged between thirteen and nineteen years old.
9. The members of the team contributed greatly to the show’s success.
10. Regardless of what the outcome is,I will be optimistic rather than .
11. Despite this technology, its possibilities have been creating much excitement
throughout the entire medical community and beyond.
12. Jordan’s skills were , but the mental strength that he showed made him unique.
13. But I was wrong I didn’t feel or frightened at all.
14. It is for teenagers of your generation to be attracted to computer games and the
online world.15. I really wanted to tell him to please be quiet and leave me .
16. This four-day walking tour will take you on through the Andes Mountains on the way to the city
of Machu Picchu.
17. Cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth. the injured areas is a bad idea, as it will keep
the heat in the wounds and may cause infection…If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns,
there to take him/her to the hospital at once.
18. , 15 minutes of exercise is better than nothing.
19. I have a top 10 reading list and I try to keep it . It always makes me to work hard and
achieve a team together.
20. The distinctive characteristics of poetry often include , descriptive and vivid language,
integrated imagery, literary devices…
21. He had discussed with his workers before he made the decision.
22. So by the 1600’s, Shakespear was able to make use of than ever before.
23. What a day! This morning, I was worried that no one would talk to me. But I was wrong I didn’t feel
at all.
24. There are always some people who are other people’s personal life.
25. There are countless historic sites to explore, and lots of museums with ancient relics from all over the UK.
The UK is history and modern culture, with both new and old traditions.
26. As she , there stood Gladys Claffern. How to be by her, Claire thought.
27. Cholera used to be one of the most in the world, until a British doctor, John Snow,
showed how it could .
28. Now it was wildly bright, now of a pale and dying red, and now again it burnt with an light!
29. Tourists are more to attack, because they do not know which areas of the city to avoid.
30. Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. There are countless articles telling us how
the Internet .
31. At the age of 19, I am fit and . However, when I applied to join the expedition, Shackleton
thought I was too young and wasn’t qualified.
32. After reaching your , you will have a day to explore and be by this ancient city.
33. —I’m sorry to interrupt you, Sir. May I ask you a favor?
—Yes, ________.
34. This is a t day for Zhang Tian. (come) to Guizhou Province to teach has been quit an
experience for him.35. I know that Chinese is a very difficult language, but I hope to when I graduate.
36. As a result, readers are of better understanding the gap between rich and poor, men and women,
the learned and the uneducated in the historical . Cultural and historical like these make A
Dream of Red Mansions a timeless classic. , we can learn much about a specific period in history from
classic literature.
37. Countries around the globe are spending billions of dollars and lots of time on space missions,
whether to Mars or other planets much further away.
38. When I asked him what he was doing, he smiled and then put the parcel on the desk.
39. will take you on amazing paths through the Andes Mountains the city of Machu Picchu. After
reaching your destination, you will have a day to explore and . Especially amazing is the Incas’ dry stone
method of building. Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together
of the stones.
40. At the same time, they started to and fine tourist organisations for abuses.
41. However, as I’m in social studies, I’m more interested in meeting people in Australia and
experiencing their culture, food and way of life.
42. To truly understand our planet, we must explore the oceans. . . . but sea exploration is important for our
future. For example, scientific research ships can help such as climate change.
43. Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space. Instead, we should feed the
world’s poor and , such as pollution and fatal diseases.
44. The leader of the is a highly person and we all like the activities he . (organize)
45. Through Snow’s , water companies began to sell clean water, and the threat of cholera around the
world .
46. …extinct every year. This . We must…
47. To a person nothing is than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I
refuse that trust?
48. They (the group) also hope to further educate people about the importance of for future
generations to understand and appreciate.
49. It was only when I got home two hours later that I realized I’d forgotten it and there was nothing I could do as
the library was closed. I was I almost cried.
50. It’s almost impossible to tell the two pictures .
51. I could have become . Don’t they know how hard it is to be at the top insport?
52. , he told her that the dress was sold.
53. However for those of you with a mind, opportunity lies in each challenge.
54. Chen Wangting’s original set of moves is called Chen-style tai chi, but other styles of tai chi have
been developed, including Yang-style, Wu-style and Sun-style.
55. I, as the first in my class, Li Hua, who was good at English, to learn 100 new words
by heart within half an hour. It was really a thing, and he gladly accepted the . Much to my
happiness, I beat him in the end.
56. With strong support from the government and , a new Tangshan was built upon the
earthquake ruins.
57. Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings. Other
students are not the challenges by themselves and may become depressed.
58. __________ is used to describe something which is very light or soft to touch, for example, we can use it to
describe towels.
59. With her thinking, my mother taught me to live in the moment.
60. As the local gas pipeline is not functioning any , the villagers now rely on firewood, both for
cooking and heating.
61. You can then spend three days exploring the rainforest with a local guide and enjoying the plants and animals
the rainforest.
62. In a word, this is a simple yet powerful software which is in our life.
63. Don’t hurry. We’ll reach the airport enough.
64. on the floor, a young man in Teheran saved up for years to buy a real bed.
65. Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America
a land bridge existed in times.
66. One year later, I can honestly say it has had a huge effect on me .
67. The two office buildings are (有点) alike in appearance.
68. The French author Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin once wrote, “Tell me what you eat, and I will tell you what
you are.” , this means “You are what you eat.”
69. I tried to explain what had happened, but he just looked at me with a expression and remained
silent.
70. He was still usually on the bench, being just a replacement, which was really him.
71. Artists translate their ideas into images.72. This success proves the great value of traditional Chinese medicine. It is and Chinese medicine to be
spread around the world.
73. But as the moon gave far , I didn’t dare open a window.
74. The mosquito lay on her forehead and sucked her blood .
75. In general, doctors in those days had two theories to explain .
76. After his attempt, Campbell that his average speed had been 299 miles per hour.
77. We think highly of the team we support, while we may add negative comments about an team.
78. This four-day walking tour will through the Andes Mountains on the way to the city
of Machu Picchu.
79. Many of these new innovations and being used in some homes.
80. Some students may think the unfamiliar words they meet in the dictionary are a bit .
81. The tree was planted near a church fifty years ago, but it is only in recent years that it has .
82. …by this ancient city. amazing is the Incas’ dry stone method of
building.
83. If it’s a legal matter you need to seek advice.
84. Can a sixth extinction be avoided? Experts say that it is not yet too late, if we take action now. This would
mean we have to the way we live. For example, we need to take steps to , including setting
up special areas where plants and animals can be protected.
85. Through Snow’s tireless effort, water companies began to sell clean water, and the threat of cholera around
the world .
86. The Chinese word for “fish” sounds “余”,indicating wealth and prosperity.
87. The player who became known as “Air Jordan” changed basketball with his and jumps.
88. These animals are very and are protected by law.
89. I hadn’t paid attention to my English teacher’s self-introduction, so when I introduced myself, I was
to know that we shared the same name, but his words made me a lot more relaxed.
90. However, others feel this is a view which fails to realize how exploring space helps us.
91. With the celebrations of these festivals, younger generations learn to
.
92. The UK is history and modern culture, with both new and old traditions.
93. Plus, the development of technology promotes the progress of science in general, which benefits
our everyday life.
94. They think I’m playing computer games all the time and I too much with friends.According to them, there is a that I may not be able to tell whether theses friends are real friends.
95. This time he was barking so that someone would let him out! Since then, he has .
参考答案
1. nothing better than
【解析】考查固定短语。句意:如果我们感到沮丧或孤独,没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。根
据feeling down or lonely以及the smiling face of a good friend可知,此空应填nothing better than,表“没有
什么比……更好”,为固定搭配,符合句意。故填nothing better than。
2. annual
【解析】考查形容词。句意:许多动物每年从一个地方迁移到另一个地方。这种年度运动就是移民。由
every year可知,空格处意为“一年一度的”,用形容词annual作定语,修饰名词movement。故填
annual。
3. freezing
【解析】考查形容词。句意:气温全天都保持在冰点以下。根据句意可知,此处要表达“冰点”的意思,
同时分析句子结构,设空处应该填形容词作定语,修饰后面的名词point。故填freezing。
4. immediately
【解析】考查副词。句意:显然,没有什么神奇的方法可以让你马上学会英语。修饰动词,用副词形式。
immediately立即,马上。根据句意,故填immediately。
5. I didn’t feel awkward or frightened
【解析】考查形容词和时态。句意:但我错了。我一点也不感到尴尬或害怕。主语为I;表示“感到尴尬
或害怕”应用feel awkward or frightened,not...at all表示“一点也不”,结合上文But I was wrong.可知为
一般过去时。故填I didn't feel awkward or frightened at all.
6. superior to
【解析】考查形容词短语。句意:人们认为数字电视优于卫星电视,因为数字电视可以以更清晰的图像
提供同样的服务。根据下文“because it allows the same services to be delivered with clearer pictures”可知,
此处表示数字电视优于卫星电视,“优于”为短语be superior to,故填superior to。
7. patiently
【解析】考查副词。句意:在接下来的几周里 Sally 制定了10条课堂规则并把它们贴在了教室的墙上。
她耐心地向学生们解释了所有的规则,并要求每个人都遵守。分析句子结构和意思可知,空格处需要副
词做状语,修饰后面的动词explained,表示当时的状态。根据下文“explained all the rules to the students”
可知,要想向学生们解释所有的规则,她当时的状态应该是“耐心地”。故填patiently。
8. Teenage【解析】考查形容词。句意:青少年年龄在13岁到19岁之间。空格处用形容词作定语,修饰名词
children,由“aged between thirteen and nineteen years old”可知,此处是指“青少年年龄在13岁到19岁之
间”,空格处意为“青少年的”,形容词是teenage,位于句首,首字母大写,故填Teenage。
9. individual
【解析】考查形容词。句意:这个团队的每个成员都为演出的成功做出了巨大的贡献。根据句意和
members of the team可知,空格处应该填入形容词individual作定语,修饰名词members。故填
individual。
10. depressed
【解析】考查形容词。句意:不管结果如何,我都会乐观而不是沮丧。结合句意及空前的be optimistic
rather than,可知此处表达的意思应是与optimistic相反的意思“沮丧的”,应填形容词depressed,作表语。
故填depressed。
11. the public argument over
【解析】考查形容词和名词。句意:尽管公众对这项技术存在争议,但它的可能性已经在整个医学界内
外引起了极大的兴奋。根据Despite和“its possibilities have been creating much excitement throughout the
entire medical community and beyond”可知,句子表示“尽管公众对这项技术存在争议,但它的可能性已经
在整个医学界内外引起了极大的兴奋”,空格处意为“公众对……的争议”,“公众的”用public,
“对……的争议”是the argument over,因此空格处是the public argument over。故填the public argument
over。
12. impressive
【解析】考查形容词。句意:乔丹的技术令人印象深刻,但他展现出的精神力量使他与众不同。根据句
意和课本内容可知,这里应填impressive,表“令人印象深刻”,在本句中作表语。故填impressive。
13. awkward
【解析】考查形容词。句意:但我错了,我一点也不觉得尴尬或害怕。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处
使用形容词awkward“尴尬的”,与frightened作并列表语。故填awkward。
14. not unusual
【解析】考查形容词。句意:你们这一代的青少年被电脑游戏和网络世界所吸引并不罕见。It is +形容词
+ for sb. to do sth.对于某人来说做某事是……。根据句意和常识,青少年被电脑游戏和网络世界所吸引并
不罕见,unusual“不寻常的”,形容词作表语,句式用否定式,故填not unusual。
15. alone
【解析】考查形容词。句意:我真想告诉他安静点,让我一个人静一静。固定短语leave sb. alone“不干涉
某人,留下某人一个人”。故填alone。16. amazing paths
【解析】考查形容词及名词。句意:为期四天的徒步旅行将带您在通往马丘比丘的途中,踏上穿越安第
斯山脉的神奇之路。分析句子结构可知,空前是介词,所以空处应填名词作宾语,根据句意,此处表达
“神奇之路”之意,应是amazing paths,amazing作定语。故填amazing paths。
17. Applying oil to is an urgent need
【解析】考查非谓语动词、固定短语、名词、主谓一致、形容词、时态。句意:用一块干净的布覆盖烧
伤部位。在受伤部位涂油膏不是一个好主意,因为它会使伤口保持热量,并可能导致感染……如果受害
者遭受二度或三度烧伤,则需要立即将他/她送往医院。根据课文可知,①空格处应表达“涂油膏”;表
示“把……涂于”用固定短语apply...to,用动名词形式,作主语;表示“油膏”用名词oil,作Applying
的宾语。②空格处应表达“有一种急需”;表示“紧急的”用形容词urgent,作定语,修饰名词“需要”;
表示“需要”用名词need,作主语。此处泛指“一种急需”,且urgent以元音音素开头,应用不定冠词
an;there be“有”,主语为an urgent need,且结合is suffering和主句句意可知,主句陈述事实,故时态用
一般现在时,故系动词用is。故填①Applying oil to ②is an urgent need。
18. After all
【解析】考查副词短语。句意:毕竟,15分钟的锻炼总比不锻炼强。根据句意,表示“毕竟”,用副词
短语after all作状语;句首单词首字母大写。故填After all。
19. updated excited goal
【解析】考查非谓语、形容词和名词。句意:我的阅读清单上有十本我喜欢的书,并且我尽量不断更新。
它总是让我激动地努力工作,一同完成小组团队目标。第一空是“keep+宾语+过去分词”结构,过去分
词作宾语补足语;不定式符号to后接动词原形,且固定短语keep it updated意为“保持更新”,符合句意;
第二空是“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,此处用形容词作补语,excited意为“感到激动的”符合句意;
第三空为名词修饰名词,team goal意为“团队目标”,符合句意。故填①updated;②excited;③goal。
20. economical use of words
【解析】考查形容词和名词。句意:诗歌的显著特点通常包括精炼的用词、生动的描述性语言、整体的
意象和文学手法……结合句意可知,此处指“精炼的用词”,使用economical use of words,形容词
economical“简洁的”作定语,修饰名词短语use of words,故填economical use of words。
21. fellow
【解析】考查形容词。句意:在做决定之前,他和同事们讨论过。根据句意,可知缺少“同事的,同类
的”为fellow,设空处应用形容词的形式修饰空后的名词,fellow worker同事。故填fellow。
22. a wider vocabulary
【解析】考查形容词和名词。句意:到17世纪的时候,莎士比亚能够使用比以往更多的词汇了。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里需要表示“更多的词汇”对应的表达。“更多的”应用形容词wide的比较级,
“词汇”应用名词vocabulary。故填a wider vocabulary。
23. awkward or frightened
【解析】考查形容词。多么糟糕的一天!今天早上,我还担心没人会跟我说话。但我错了,我一点也不觉
得尴尬或害怕。分析句子结构可知,此处应为形容词作表语,结合“ I was worried that no one would talk
to me. But I was wrong”以及句意可知,此处为awkward or frightened意为“尴尬或害怕”符合句意。故填
awkward or frightened。
24. curious about
【解析】考查固定短语。句意:总有一些人对别人的私生活很好奇。根据句意表示“对……好奇”可知,
短语为be curious about。故填①curious;②about。
25. a fascinating mix of
【解析】考查名词短语。句意:这里有无数的历史遗迹可供探索,还有许多博物馆,里面有来自英国各
地的古代文物。英国是一个历史与现代文化交织的迷人国度,新旧传统并存。根据空后“history and
modern culture, with both new and old traditions”可知,英国是一个历史和现代文化的混合,故填短语a mix
of“……的混合”,根据上文“There are countless historic sites to explore, and lots of museums with ancient
relics from all over the UK.”可知,这些东西都很令人着迷,可用形容词fascinating“令人着迷的”作定语修
饰名词mix。故填a fascinating mix of。
26. turned around awful discovered
【解析】考查动词短语、形容词和过去分词。句意:当她转身时,格拉迪斯·克拉芬站在那里。被她发现
是多么糟糕啊,克莱尔想。第一、二个空要用动词短语作谓语,时态是一般过去时;第三个空在how后
要用形容词;第四个空在to be后要用动词的过去分词,构成被动语态。故填turned;around;awful;
discovered。
27. feared diseases be overcome
【解析】考查动词语态,形容词和名词。句意:霍乱曾经是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一,直到一位英
国医生,约翰斯诺,展示了如何战胜它。根据句意,空①为“令人恐惧的”用feared,空②为“疾病”用
disease,one of+the+最高级+名词复数,是固定短语,名词用复数,空③④为谓语动词overcome“战胜;
克服”,与主语it(指代上文提到的Cholera)是被动冠词,could是情态动词,故填be overcome,故答案
为①feared ②diseases ③be ④overcome。
28. unbearable
【解析】考查形容词。句意:它时而明亮得出奇,时而变成淡红色,时而又燃烧着令人难以忍受的光芒!。
根据句意,此处的意思为“它以一种难以忍受的光烧着了”。结合句意以及上文中的“now of a pale anddying red, and now again it burnt”可知,此处表示“以一种难以忍受的光”应为“with an unbearable light”符
合语境。故填 unbearable。
29. vulnerable
【解析】考查形容词。句意:游客更容易受到攻击,因为他们不知道城里哪些地方不该去。根据句意和
空格前系动词are以及空格后to attack可知,空格处应该填入一个形容词作表语,且意义为“易受攻击
的”,用形容词vulnerable。故填vulnerable。
30. has made our lives more convenient
【解析】考查动词、形容词和时态。句意:关于万维网的奇迹已经写了很多。有无数的文章告诉我们互
联网如何使我们的生活更方便。结合句意可知设空处考查“使我们的生活更方便”,“使”用动词
make,“我们的生活”为名词短语our lives,作宾语;“更方便”用形容词比较级more convenient,作宾
补;make在宾语从句中作谓语,结合句意以及“Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide
Web”可知宾语从句应用现在完成时,the Internet作主语,谓语动词用单数,助动词用has。故填has made
our lives more convenient。
31. full of vigo(u)r
【解析】考查固定短语。句意:19岁时,我身体健康,充满活力。然而,当我申请加入探险队时,
Shackleton认为我太年轻,不够格。结合句意及“fit”可知,此处指“充满活力”,使用固定短语full of
vigo(u)r,故填full of vigo(u)r。
32. destination amazed
【解析】考查名词和形容词。句意:到达你的目的地后,你将有一天的时间来探索这座古城,并为之惊
叹。分析句子可知,空处一填表示“目的地”的名词作reach的宾语,用destination符合句意;分析句子
可知空处二填表示“感到惊奇的”的形容词作表语与be构成系表结构,用amazed符合句意;故填
①destination②amazed。
33. go ahead
【解析】考查交际用语。句意:——抱歉,先生,打扰你了。可以帮我忙吗?——好的,请讲。根据
“Yes”可知,回答者是答应了对方帮忙的请求,因此会说go ahead“请讲”。故填go ahead。
34. typical Coming
【解析】考查形容词和非谓语动词。句意:这是张甜平常的一天。来贵州教书对他来说是一次难忘的经
历。空一根据首字母和句意可知填形容词typical“平常的”作定语,分析句子可知,空二作主语用动名词
形式,故填Coming,故答案为①typical②Coming。
35. be fluent
【解析】考查形容词和不定式。句意:我知道,中文是一个很难的语言,但是我希望在我毕业时,我能说一口流利的汉语。根据课文内容可知,此处意为“流利的”fluent,且hope to do sth,希望做某事,故
为hope to be fluent,故填be fluent。
36. capable contexts elements In summary
【解析】考查形容词、名词和短语。句意:因此,读者能够更好地理解历史背景下的贫富差距、男女差
距、有学问的人和没有受过教育的人之间的差距。 诸如此类的文化和历史元素使《红楼梦》成为一部永
恒的经典。 总而言之,我们可以从古典文学中了解到历史上某个特定时期的许多情况。分析句意可知,
第一个空格处用be capable of表示“能够” ;分析句意再根据第二个空和第三个前的形容词historical可
知,第二空格处用名词context的复数形式表示历史“背景”下,第三个空格处用名词element的复数形
式表示历史“元素” ;再分析句式结构可知,最后一个空格是总结上文内容,所以用In summary表示
“总而言之”。故答案为:①capable②contexts③elements④In summary。
37. various
【解析】考查形容词。句意:全球各国都在各种太空任务上花费了数十亿美元和大量时间,无论是去火
星还是去其他更远的星球。根据句意“各种各样的”可知,此处应填形容词various,作定语,修饰名词
space missions。故填various。
38. guiltily
【解析】考查副词。句意:当我问他在做什么时,他内疚地笑了笑,然后把包裹放在桌子上。根据句意
可知,修饰动词“smiled”,应为副词guiltily,作状语。故填guiltily。
39. This four-day walking tour be amazed by this ancient city other than the perfect fit
【解析】考查短语。句意:为期四天的徒步之旅将带您穿越安第斯山脉,到达马丘比丘城。到达目的地
后,您将有一天的时间来探索这座古城,并为之惊叹。尤其令人惊叹的是印加人用干石头建造的方法。
印加建筑者将石头切割成精确的尺寸,这样就不需要任何东西来把墙壁固定在一起,只需要让石头完美
地匹配。根据句意可知,第一空的内容为“为期四天的徒步之旅”,根据空后动词will take可知,空处在
句中为主语,表示“四天的”用形容词four-day;表示“徒步之旅”用名词短语walking tour,所以空处
填this four-day walking tour,处于句首,首字母大写。第二空的内容为“为之惊叹”,表示“被……震
惊”用短语be amazed by;此处指为这座古城所惊叹,表示“这座古城”用this ancient city;根据and可
知,空处内容和前文to explore并列,此处省略to,所以用动词原形。第三空的内容为“除了完美的匹
配”,表示“除了”用短语other than;表示“完美的”用形容词perfect,表示“匹配”用名词fit,故填
①This four-day walking tour②be amazed by this ancient city③other than the perfect fit。
40. carry out inspections regularly
【解析】考查动词短语和副词。句意:与此同时,他们开始定期进行检查,并对滥用职权的旅游组织进
行罚款。由句意空处意为“定期进行检查”,应用动词短语carry out inspections regularly,由空前的theystarted to可知应填动词原形,故填carry out inspections regularly。
41. major
【解析】考查形容词。句意:然而,我主要进行社会研究,我更感兴趣的是结识澳大利亚人,体验他们
的文化、食物和生活方式。根据句子结构、空后in及句意可知,此处应填形容词major,表示“主要的、
主修的”。故填major。
42. address important issues
【解析】考查动词。句意:要真正了解我们的星球,我们必须探索海洋。但海洋探索对我们的未来很重
要。例如,科学研究船可以帮助解决气候变化等重要问题。分析句子结构可知,help do sth.意为“帮助做
某事”,此空应填动词原形作宾语,结合上下文句意可知,此处表示“解决重大问题”,address意为
“解决”,表示“重大问题”是important issue,结合句意可知,此处泛指所有的与气候变化相关的问题,
所以应使用复数。故填address important issues。
43. find immediate solutions to other problems
【解析】考查形容词和固定短语。句意:有人认为我们应该停止浪费时间和金钱来探索太空。相反,我
们应该为世界上的穷人提供食物,并立即解决其他问题,例如污染和致命疾病。根据句意的需要及“such
as pollution and fatal diseases”可知,空格处应该表达“立即找到解决其他问题的办法”的意思,“找到解
决其他问题的办法”为固定短语“find solutions to other problems”,“立即的”为形容词“immediate”,它
作定语修饰solutions,情态动词should后接动词原形,find和feed并列使用动词原形,故填find
immediate solutions to other problems。
44. organization organized organizes
【解析】考查名词、形容词和动词时态。句意:这个组织的领导是一个很有条理的人,我们都喜欢他组
织的活动。第一空根据上文the可知应填名词,表示“组织”,故填organization;第二空修饰名词person
应用形容词,表示“有条理的”,故填organized;第三空中organize做谓语动词,且结合上文可知为一
般现在时,主语为he,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,故填organizes。
45. tireless efforts saw a substantial decrease
【解析】考查固定短语,时态和名词。句意:通过斯诺的不懈努力,自来水公司开始销售清洁水,全球
霍乱的威胁大幅减少。结合上下文可知,空①句意为“不懈的努力”,名词短语tireless efforts符合句意,
句中作介词宾语。故空①填tireless efforts。结合上下文可知,空②句意为“经历了大幅减少”,动词短语
see a substantial decrease符合句意,在该句中充当谓语,动词see有“经历”的意思;根据前文began可知,
此处阐述过去的事实,用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式。故填saw a substantial decrease。故答案为
①tireless effort②ssaw a substantial decrease。
46. mass extinction is caused by hunting, habitat loss and pollution【解析】考查形容词、名词和动词时态语态。句意:……每年都灭绝。这次大灭绝是由狩猎、栖息地丧
失和污染造成的。我们必须……。根据extinct可知,这里描述的是某种物种的灭绝。this后加名词作主语,
“大量的灭绝”是mass extinction,形容词mass修饰名词extinction作定语,谓语是“导致”cause,根据
every year可知,用一般现在时。和主语是被动关系,用be caused by,根据句意可知是“捕猎,栖息地流
失和污染”造成物种灭绝,翻译为hunting, habitat loss and pollution。故填mass extinction is caused by
hunting, habitat loss and pollution。
47. more important
【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意:对一个人来说,没有什么比他们的生命更重要,如果他们把生命托
付给我,我怎么能拒绝这种信任呢?根据句意及than可知,此处需要使用形容词比较级,“重要”英文
表达为important,important 是多音节形容词,因此比较级形式需要使用more。故填①more;
②important。
48. safeguarding historic and cultural relics
【解析】考查动名词,形容词和名词。句意:他们还希望进一步教育人们保护历史文化遗产的重要性,
让子孙后代了解和欣赏。由“further educate people about the importance of”和课文内容可知,句子表示
“他们还希望进一步教育人们保护历史文化遗产的重要性,让子孙后代了解和欣赏”,空格处意为“保
护历史文化遗产”,“保护”是safeguard,在介词of后,用动名词作宾语,“历史文化遗产”是historic
and cultural relics,因此空格处填safeguarding historic and cultural relics。故填safeguarding historic and
cultural relics。
49. so upset that
【解析】考查状语从句和形容词。句意:直到两个小时后我回到家,我才意识到我忘记带了,因为图书
馆已经关门了,我也无能为力。 我心烦意乱,几乎要哭了。根据句意表示“如此……以至于……”可知,
句型为so…that…,引导结果状语从句;表示“沮丧”应用形容词upset,作表语。故填①so;②upset;
③that。
50. apart
【解析】考查副词和固定短语。句意:几乎不可能把这两张图片区分开来。根据句意分析,这里应是表
达“区分这两张图片”,用动词短语“tell sth apart”表达,意为“分辨某事物”。故填apart。
51. angry or defensive
【解析】考查形容词和并列连词。句意:我本可以生气或者辩解一下的。难道他们不知道要在运动中处
于顶峰有多难吗? 分析可知,设空处在“become”后,应是形容词作表语。根据后文“Don’t they know
how hard it is to be at the top in sport?(难道他们不知道要在运动中处于顶峰有多难吗?)”可知,作者用反问
句的语气表达了自己的气愤,由此可推知,设空①应是形容词“angry”,意为“生气的”。另一方面,后文句子暗示了作者的“自我辩解”,因此“defensive”,形容词,意为“百般辩解的”,符合语境。两个
形容词表达的是对待事情的两个态度,可用并列连词“or(或者)”连接。故填①angry;②or;
③defensive。
52. Glancing at her scornfully
【解析】考查非谓语动词、固定短语、副词。句意:他轻蔑地看了她一眼,告诉她那条裙子已经卖了。
根据句意可知,此处意思是“轻蔑地看了她一眼”。表示“看了一眼”用glance at,本句谓语为told,此
处为非谓语动词,且he与glance at为主动关系,应用现在分词,作状语,位于句首,首字母大写。表示
“她”用her。表示“轻蔑地”用副词glance at,作状语。故填Glancing at her scornfully。
53. positive
【解析】考查形容词。句意:然而,对于那些心态积极的人来说,机会就在每一个挑战中。分析句子结
构可知,空处需使用形容词在句中作定语修饰名词mind,根据后文“opportunity lies in each challenge.”
(机会就在每一个挑战中)可知,“积极的”人会有这样的心态。故填positive。
54. since
【解析】考查副词。句意:陈王廷最初创编的招式称为陈氏太极拳,后来也发展出了其他门类的太极拳,
包括杨氏太极拳、吴氏太极拳和孙氏太极拳。since是副词,为“此后”之意,修饰have been。结合句意,
故填since。
55. challenger challenged challenging challenge
【解析】考查名词、形容词和时态。句意:作为我们班级的第一个挑战者,我向擅长英语的李华提出了
挑战,在半小时内背100个新单词。这确实是一件有挑战性的事,他很高兴地接受了挑战。令我高兴的
是,我最终打败了他。第一空,空处作介词as的宾语,应用名词challenger,表示“挑战者”,结合语意,
此处表示我作为挑战者,空处应用名词的单数形式;第二空,空处作句子谓语,根据句中was可知,句
子使用一般过去时,动词应用过去式形式,即challenged;第三空,空处作定语,修饰名词thing,应用
challenging,表示“有挑战性的”;第四空,空处作动词accept的宾语,应用名词challenge,表示“挑
战”。故填challenger,challenged,challenging,challenge。
56. tireless efforts of the city’s people
【解析】考查形容词、名词。句意:在政府的大力支持和人民的不懈努力下,新唐山在地震废墟上建成
了。根据上文“With strong support from the government(在政府的大力支持下)”以及下文“a new Tangshan
was built upon the earthquake ruins(新唐山在地震废墟上建成了) ”可推理出空白处应填表示“市民的不懈努
力”含义的表达,表示“不懈努力”含义的表达为:tireless effort,因此处表示的是数目不确定的名词,
使用复数;表示“市民的”含义的表达为:of the city’s people,故填tireless efforts of the city’s people。
57. mature enough to handle【解析】考查固定结构、形容词和动词。句意:在学习如何在新环境中表现时,有些人可能会挣扎并遭
受文化冲击。其他学生还不够成熟,无法独自应对挑战,可能会变得沮丧。句子在描述学生学习如何适
应新环境遇到的困难,结合“the challenge by themselves”可推知,此处指“因为不够成熟而无法独自应对
挑战”,空处表示“足够成熟去应对”,可用固定结构be adj. enough to do sth.表示“足够……能做某
事”,“成熟”可用形容词mature,“应对”可用动词handle。故填mature enough to handle。
58. Fluffy
【解析】考查形容词。句意:fluffy是用来描述非常轻或者摸起来非常软的东西,例如,我们可以用它来
描述毛巾。根据句意可知应填形容词fluffy表示“松软的,毛茸茸的,轻柔的”。句首单词首字母要大写。
故填Fluffy。
59. positive
【解析】考查形容词。句意:母亲用她积极的思想教会我活在当下。结合句意表示“积极的”可知应用
形容词positive,作定语修饰名词thinking。故填positive。
60. longer
【解析】考查副词。句意:由于当地的天然气管道不再运行,村民们现在依靠木柴做饭和取暖。not...any
longer意为“不再……”,为固定结构,longer为副词,作状语。故填longer。
61. unique to
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意:然后,你可以花三天时间与当地导游一起探索雨林,欣赏雨林特有的植
物和动物。根据句意和课文内容可知,这里应填unique to表“对……来说是独特的”,而unique to the
rainforest在这里作定语修饰前面名词the plants and animals。故填unique to。
62. indispensable
【解析】考查形容词。句意:总之,这是一款简单而强大的软件,在我们的生活中不可或缺。根据上文
“this is a simple yet powerful software(这是一款简单而强大的软件)”可知,这款软件虽然简单但功能强大,
空白处应填表示“不可或缺”含义的形容词,故填indispensable。
63. soon
【解析】考查副词。句意:别着急,我们将很快到达机场。根据句意提示,空格处填副词soon,常与
enough搭配,译为“很快,不久”。故答案为soon。
64. Tired of sleeping
【解析】考查形容词短语和动名词。句意:厌倦了在地板上睡觉,德黑兰的一个年轻人攒了好几年的钱
去买了一张真正的床。根据下文“ saved up for years to buy a real bed”可推断,应是厌倦了在地板上睡觉,
tired of doing sth.“厌倦做某事”,形容词短语作伴随状语,sleep “睡觉”用动名词形式作宾语,故填Tired
of sleeping。65. by means of which prehistoric
【解析】考查短语,定语从句和形容词。句意:科学家认为这些移民者穿过北极的白令海峡,通过穿越存
在于史前的大陆桥进入美国。空1、2、3根据句意可知是“经由”,英文表达为短语by means of,设空4
引导定语从句,指代先行词bridge,在从句中做主语,应用which,设空5修饰名词times,可知为形容词,
根据句意,可知是prehistoric,故填by;means;of;which;prehistoric。
66. physically and mentally
【解析】考查副词。句意:一年后,我可以诚实地说,这对我的身心都产生了巨大的影响。修饰动词短
语,用副词形式。根据句意,用副词短语physically and mentally,表示“身体上和精神上”。故填
physically and mentally。
67. somewhat
【解析】考查副词。句意:这两座办公楼在外观上有些相似。根据句意和汉语提示可知,应填
somewhat“有点;稍微”,符合语境,副词作作状语,故填somewhat。
68. Put more simply
【解析】考查动词短语。句意:法国作家Jean-Anthelme Brillat Savarin曾写道:“告诉我你平时吃什么,
我就可以说出你是个什么样的人。”简单地说,这句话就是“人如其食”的意思。根据句子结构和前后
文句意可知,此处表达“更简单地说”,应用动词短语put more simply,put意为“表述”,副词比较级
more simply修饰动词。此处为祈使句开头,句首字母大写,故填①Put;②more;③simply。
69. blank
【解析】考查形容词。句意:我试图解释发生了什么事,但他只是茫然地看着我,保持沉默。根据句意
可知,此处使用形容词blank“无表情的”,修饰名词expression,作定语。故填blank。
70. tough on
【解析】考查形容词和短语。句意:他仍然经常坐在板凳上,只是一个替补,这对他来说真的很不幸。
根据“He was still usually on the bench, being just a replacement”可知,坐在板凳上作为一个替补,对他来
说很不幸,be tough on sb.意思为:对于……来说是不幸的、倒霉的。故填:tough on。
71. visual
【解析】考查形容词。句意:画家把自己的思想转换成视觉画面。分析句意可知,此处使用形容词
visual“视觉的”作定语,因为本文提及的是“画家将想法转变成实物”,肯定是可以看得见的视觉图像,
故填visual。
72. indeed an honour for China’s scientific research
【解析】考查副词和名词。句意:这一成功证明了中医的巨大价值。中国的科学研究和中医药能够走向世界,确实是一种荣誉。由This success proves the great value of traditional Chinese medicine和and Chinese
medicine to be spread around the world以及课文原文可知,句子表示“中国的科学研究和中医药能够走向
世界,确实是一种荣誉”,空格处意为“对中国的科学研究确实是一种荣誉”,“确实”是indeed,“一
种荣誉”是an honour,“对中国的科学研究”是for China’s scientific research,因此空格处是indeed an
honour for China’s scientific research。故填indeed an honour for China’s scientific research。
73. too much light
【解析】考查形容词和名词。句意:但是,随着月亮发出更多的光亮,我不敢开窗户了。根据句子结构
和意思可知,这里需要“太多的光亮”,作宾语。表示“光亮”用名词light,不可数;表示“太多”用
短语too much,修饰不可数名词。故填too much light。
74. greedily
【解析】考查副词。句意:蚊子趴在她的额头上,贪婪地吸她的血。根据句意表示“贪婪地”应用副词
greedily,修饰动词作状语。故填greedily。
75. contradictory how cholera spread
【解析】考查形容词、宾语从句和动词。句意:总的来说,当时的医生有两种相互矛盾的理论来解释霍
乱是如何传播的。根据句意第一空表示“互相矛盾”可知应用形容词contradictory,作定语;第二空引导
宾语从句,表示“如何”应用how;表示“霍乱”应用名词cholera,动词spread,作谓语,结合上文had
可知为一般过去时。故填①contradictory;②how;③cholera;④spread。
76. was disappointed to learn
【解析】考查形容词和动词不定式。句意:在他尝试之后,Campbell失望地得知他的平均速度是299英
里每小时。根据句意可知,空处需填“失望地得知”的英语表达,be disappointed to do sth表示“失望地
做某事”,根据“had been”可知,“失望”这一动作发生在“平均速度是299英里每小时”之后,故用
一般过去时,主语“Campbell”是第三人称单数,故谓语动词用单数,“得知”用动词learn表示。故填
was disappointed to learn。
77. opposite
【解析】考查形容词。句意:我们会对自己支持的团队给予高度评价,同时也会对另一个团队给予负面
评价。根据句子结构和句意提示,设空处应该填写形容词作定语修饰team。opposite为形容词,意为“相
反的”,符合句意。故填opposite。
78. take you on amazing paths
【解析】考查动词、形容词。句意:这场为期四天的徒步旅行将带你在前往马丘比丘市的途中,沿着安
第斯山脉的奇妙小路前行。根据上文“walking tour(徒步旅行)”以及下文“through the Andes Mountains on
the way to the city of Machu Picchu(沿着通往马丘比丘市的路穿越安第斯山脉)”可推理出空白处应填表示“带你踏上奇妙之旅”含义的表达,表示“带着你踏上……之旅”含义的表达为:take you on…paths;表
示“奇妙的”含义的表达为:amazing,故填take you on amazing paths。
79. are already available
【解析】考查一般现在时和形容词作表语。句意:这些新发明中的许多已经可用,并正在一些家庭中使
用。该句在描述一个客观事实,句子用一般现在时,且主语是Many of these new innovations,是复数形式,
谓语动词用复数形式;句中be动词后面用形容词作表语;根据课文内容are already available符合题意。
故答案为are already available。
80. scary
【解析】考查形容词。句意:有些学生可能认为他们在字典里遇到的不熟悉的单词有点吓人。分析句子
结构,空白处在句子中做表语,使用形容词,根据上文“Some students may think the unfamiliar words they
meet in the dictionary(有些学生可能认为他们在字典里遇到的不熟悉的单词有点)”可推理出空白处应填表示
“吓人的”含义的形容词,表示“吓人的”含义的形容词为:scary,故填scary。
81. gained an evil reputation
【解析】考查动词时态、形容词、名词。句意:这棵树是五十年前栽在一座教堂附近的,但只是在最近
几年,它才获得了一个邪恶的名声。根据句意可知,此处意思是“获得了一个邪恶的名声”。表示“获
得”用gain,结合空前的has可知,用过去分词,与has构成现在完成时。表示“邪恶的”用形容词
evil,作定语,修饰“名声”。表示“名声”用reputation,作has gained的宾语。此处泛指“一个邪恶的
名声”,且evil以元音音素开头,应用不定冠词an。故填gained an evil reputation。
82. Especially
【解析】考查副词。句意:……在这座古城旁,尤其令人惊叹的是印加人的干石建筑方法。根据前后文
可知,此处可用副词especially修饰形容词amazing,起强调作用。句首字母大写,故填Especially。
83. professional/for
【解析】考查形容词/介词。句意:如果这是一个法律问题,你需要寻求专业的建议。结合句意可知,此
处可用形容词professional作定语,表示“专业的”;也可用动词短语seek for,表示“寻求”,故填
professional/for。
84. significantly change save endangered species
【解析】①考查非谓语动词和副词。句意:这将意味着我们必须对我们的生活方式作出重大改变。该空
格处意味“作出重大改变”,根据空格前的have to,其后跟动词原形,动词change意为“改变”,其后
跟定语从句;副词significantly意为“意义深远地;重大地”,修饰动词change,故填significantly
change。
②考查目的状语和固定搭配。句意:比如,我们需要采取措施拯救濒危物种,包括设立保护动植物的特别区域。该空处句意为“拯救濒危物种”。根据该空前的to,其后跟动词原形,作目的状语,动词save
意为“拯救”,其后跟名词搭配endangered species作宾语,意为“濒危物种”,故填save endangered
species。
85. saw a substantial decrease
【解析】考查动词短语。句意:通过斯诺的不懈努力,供水公司开始销售洁净水,世界各地霍乱的威胁
大幅减少。根据“water companies began to sell clean water”可知,此处叙述斯诺的不懈努力带来的效果,
世界各地霍乱的威胁应该是“大幅减少”,可用动词短语see a substantial decrease表示,其中substantial
为形容词,作修饰decrease的定语,结合“began”可知,句子时态为一般过去时,see应用过去式的形式。
故填saw a substantial decrease。
86. similar to/the same as
【解析】考查固定短语。句意:“鱼”在中文里的发音是“余”,象征着财富和繁荣。根据句意可知,
“鱼”的读音和“余”的读音是相似的,短语similar to sth“与……相似”或the same as sth“与……一样”,
符合句意。故填similar to或the same as。
87. graceful moves
【解析】考查形容词和名词。句意:这位被称为“飞人乔丹”的球员以他优雅的动作和跳跃改变了篮球。
根据“The player who became known as “Air Jordan””可知,此处是指以他优雅的动作和跳跃,表示“优雅
的”应用形容词graceful作定语,表示“动作”应用名词move,此处move为可数名词,根据“and
jumps”可知,此处应用复数形式。故填graceful moves。
88. rare
【解析】考查形容词。句意:这些动物非常稀有,受法律保护。空格处用形容词作表语,由“are
protected by law”可知,这些动物非常稀有,空格处意为“稀有的”,形容词是rare,故填rare。
89. embarrassed
【解析】考查形容词。句意:我没有注意到我的英语老师的自我介绍,所以当我自我介绍时,我很尴尬
地知道我们有相同的名字,但他的话让我放松了很多。分析句子可知,空格处用形容词作表语,表示
“尴尬的”,用embarrassed。故填embarrassed。
90. shallow
【解析】考查形容词。句意:然而,其他人认为这是一种肤浅的观点,没有意识到探索太空对我们有什
么帮助。分析句子结构,空白处在句子中作定语表示属性,使用形容词,根据下文“fails to realize how
exploring space helps us(没有意识到探索太空对我们有什么帮助)”和首字母可推理出空白处应填表示“肤
浅的”含义的形容词,shallow为形容词,含义为“肤浅的”,符合句意,故填shallow。
91. honour/honor fine Chinese values【解析】考查不定式和名词。句意:通过庆祝这些节日,年轻一代学会尊重优良的中国价值观。由“the
celebrations of these festivals, younger generations learn to”可知,句子表示“通过庆祝这些节日,年轻一代
学会尊重优秀的中国价值观”,空格处意为“尊重优良的中国价值观”,“尊重”是honour/honor,“优
良的”是fine,“中国价值观”是Chinese values,learn to do是固定短语,意为“学习做某事”,因此空
格处动词用原形,故填honour/honor,fine,Chinese,values。
92. a fascinating mix of
【解析】考查形容词和名词。句意:英国是历史与现代文化的奇妙结合,既有新传统也有旧传统。分析
可知,设空处作“is”的表语,可用名词短语表达。根据后文“history and modern culture, with both new and
old traditions(历史和现代文化,有新的和旧的传统)”可推知,句中表达了英国文化的融合性,“a mix
of…”,固定短语,意为“……的混合”,符合句意表达,且可用形容词“fascinating(极好的;迷人的)”作
定语,使句意表达更完整。故填a fascinating mix of。
93. relevant
【解析】考查形容词。句意:此外,相关技术的发展促进了科学的进步,这有利于我们的日常生活。根
据句意及所给句子可知,此处使用形容词relevant“相关的”,修饰名词technology,作定语。故填
relevant。
94. chat online danger
【解析】 考查短语、形容词和名词。句意:他们认为我一直在玩电脑游戏,我和网友聊得太多了。根据
他们的说法,有一种危险,那就是我可能无法判断这些朋友是否是真正的朋友。结合句意及句中“
playing computer games all the time”可知,此处指我和网友聊天太久了。chat with sb.“与某人聊天”,所以
第一空填chat;第二空,表示“网友”用online friends;结合句中“I may not be able to tell whether theses
friends are real friends”可知,这是网上聊天的一个潜在的危险,所以第3空填名词danger,故填
①chat②online③danger。
95. developed another bad habit
【解析】考查时态、形容词、名词。句意:这次他是在叫,好让别人放他出去!从那以后,他又养成了
另一个坏习惯。根据句意可知,此处意思是“养成了另一个坏习惯”。表示“养成”用develop,结合空
前的has可知,用过去分词developed,与has构成现在完成时。表示“另一个”用another。表示“坏
的”用形容词bad,作定语,修饰“习惯”。表示“习惯”用habit,结合another可知,用单数形式,作
has developed的宾语。故填developed another bad habit。
96. method exact fit
【解析】考查名词和形容词。句意:尤其令人惊叹的是印加的干石建筑方法。印加建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸,这样就不需要任何东西来将墙壁固定在一起,只需要石头的完美配合。根据下文“Inca
builders cut stones _____sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect ____ of the
stones.”可知,本句话介绍了干石建筑方法的具体情况,所以令人惊讶的是干石建筑方法,method “方法”;
根据“so that nothing was needed to hold walls together”可知,要把石头切割成精确的尺寸,exact “精确
的”;根据上文可知,不需要任何东西,只需要石头的完美配合,fit “配合”。故填1.method 2.exact
3.fit。
97. flexible
【解析】考查形容词。句意:在家办公为员工提供了许多灵活的生活方式。空处应填形容词修饰名词
lifestyle,根据语境可知,本空填形容词flexible“灵活的”,作定语。故填flexible。
98. alone Heated between
【解析】考查固定短语及形容词。句意:你觉得你和他们在每件事上都意见不一致吗?你并不孤单。激烈
的争论和冷漠的沉默在青少年和他们的父母之间是很常见的。分析句子结构可知,第一个设空处需填入
形容词,根据后文的“common”,因而填 ①alone;分析句子结构可知,第二个设空处需填入形容词,根
据前文的语意,这里用“heated”意为“激烈的”,因位于句首,首字母需大写,因而填② Heated;根据
固定短语“between…and ”意为“在…之间”符合语意,因而填③ between。综上,故本题填①alone②
Heated③ between。
99. independently send humans into space
【解析】考查副词和非谓语动词。句意:2003年,中国成为世界上第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家。
根据句意,空处应填“独立将人类送入太空”,send humans into space表示“将人类送入太空”,
independently表示“独立地”,副词作状语修饰动词send,不定式符号to后接动词原形形式。故填
independently send humans into space。
100. active part
【解析】考查形容词和名词。句意:学校也为你安排了很多活动。参加一两个俱乐部,积极参加不同的
运动。固定短语take an active part in“积极参与”。故填①active ②part。