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专题 06 形容词和副词
（原卷版）
三年真题
1. 【2022·全国乙卷】 As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the ______ (large)
tea-producing country, China has a responsibility to work with other countries to promote the healthy
development of the tea industry.
2. 【2022·全国甲卷】Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more (meaning).
3. 【2022·全国甲卷】In the last five years. Cao has walked through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he
reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ______ (high) mountain.
4. 【2021·全国乙卷】It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become ______
(educate)about the areas
5. 【2021·全国乙卷】Provide ______(finance)aid and other benefits for local peoples.
6. 【2021·全国甲卷】After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was
time for some action and what _____ (good) than to ride on a piece of history!
7. 【2021·全国甲卷】Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to
fake pictures or just to watch the local people going about their ________ (day) routines.
8. 【2021·新高考I卷】The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the ________
(hot) the spring! Strange, isn’t it? But that’s how nature is — always leaving us _______(astonish).
9. 【2021·新高考I卷】Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole
adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your _______ (ache) legs.
10. 【2021·全国新高考II卷】I told him how _______ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to
consider using more eco-friendly options.
11. 【2021·全国新高考II卷】I was so________ (excite) when he wrote back to me.
12. 【2021·浙江】This may be due to some disadvantages for people living in the countryside, including ________ (low)
levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
13. 【2021·天津】While rock-climbing, you need to remain very ________ so that you won't make any dangerous errors.
A．satisfied B．focused C．amused D．delighted
14. 【2021·天津】It’s a good idea to choose a(n) ________ destination in case your first-choice tourist spot is not available.A．annual B．exact C．alternative D．pleasant
15. 【2020·天津】According to Professor Johnson, we don’t have to read the book if we don’t want to, as it is
______.
A．worthwhile B．necessary C．optional D．serious
16. 【2020·江苏】The outbreak of Covid-19 has meant an _____ change in our life and work.
A．absurd B．abrupt C．allergic D．authentic
17. 【2020·全国I卷】Data about the moon’s composition, such as how _____ ice and other treasures it contains, could
help China decide whether its plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
18. 【2020·全国II卷】Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The ______ (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored
buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.
19. 【2020·全国III卷】One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come
and present their _____ (fine) work, so that he could choose the best.
20. 【2020·北京】Oliver says if you're______(luck) enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them
and you can join in when it's possible.
21. 【2020·北京】They were much stronger than modern humans, but it's long been assumed that human ancestors
were________（smart）than the Neanderthals.
22. 【2020·浙江】So on average, the population becomes______(old) than before.
23. 【2022·浙江】On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, _________（rough） 200 academics
24. 【2021·新高考I卷】It will _______(undoubted) help you get refreshed!
25. 【2021·天津】The police searched the area for several days. ________, they found the piece of evidence they were
looking for.
A．Generally B．Originally C．Eventually D．Unfortunately
26. 【2020·天津】With the widespread use of the Internet, communications across the world have
_____________developed over the years.
A．steadily B．differently C．independently D．formally
27. 【2022·全国新I卷】The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of
giant pandas, and _____ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
28. 【2021·天津】As working from home becomes ________ common, people are finding it easier to combine
parenthood with a full-time career.
A．increasingly B．equally C．nervously D．confusingly
29. 【2021·北京】Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could ________（safe） wait for the policeto take her home．
30. 【2021·浙江】But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had
narrowed _______(sharp).
31. 【2020·全国I卷】Landing on the moon’s far side is ______ (extreme) challenging.
32. 【2020·全国II卷】______ (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must.
33. 【2020·全国III卷】As the small boat moved, _____ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless
by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
34. 【2020·浙江】This is______(particular)true in the US. The second reason is that people are living
longer.
考频统计
在2020-2022年三年高考真题中，形容词和副词的考查频率统计如下：
形容词和副词 考频 出处
【2022·全国乙卷】 【2022·全国甲卷】【2021·全国乙卷】【2021·全国甲
卷】【2021·新高考I卷】【2021·新高考II卷】【2021·浙江】【2021·天
形容词 22次
津】【2020·天津】【2020·江苏】【2020·全国I卷】【2020·全国II卷】
【2020·全国III卷】【2020·北京】【2020·浙江】
【2022·全国新I卷】【2022·浙江】【2021·新高考I卷】【2021·天津】
副词 12次 【2021·北京】【2021·浙江】【2020·天津】【2020·全国I卷】
【2020·全国II卷】【2020·全国III卷】【2020·浙江】
考点清单
一、形容词的句法功能
功能 用法 例句
前置定语 一般形容词直接放在名词或代词前 He is reading a frightening ghost story.
alive, alike, alone等表语形容词作后置定语 He is the happiest person alive.
形容词修饰不定代词时 I have something important to tell you.
当以-able和-ible结尾的形容词做前有形容 This is the only room available in the
词最高级或only等修饰的名词的定语时 hotel.
后置定语
定 形容词短语 This is a book suitable for children.
语
成对的形容词作定语 She has many erasers, colorful and
beautiful.
当old, long, high, wide, deep等词附有数 At that time she was only a girl of five
量词短语作定语时 years old.
the members present 在场的成员
既可以做前置定语，也可以做后置定语，
可前可后
含义不同
the present members 现有的成员the factory proper 工厂本部
the proper factory 合适的工厂
the concerned doctor 关切的医生
the doctor concerned 有关的医生
the opposite direction相反的方向
the door opposite 对面的门
常见的表语形容词有: afraid, alone, awake, The boy is still asleep.
表语形容词 asleep, alive, alike, ashamed, afloat, well,
sorry, unable, worth, sure等
表
语
主语是物不 (im)possible, (un)necessary, (im)probable, It is not convenient to work at the
是人的形容 (in)convenient等作表语时，主语通常是 weekend.
词 “事”而不是“人”
宾补 与使役动词或感官动词连用 He found the door open.
状语 修饰人的状态 He returned home, safe and sound.
有些形容词如good, beautiful, bad, ugly, The old are respected here and there.
true等前面加定冠词the，就变成了名词词
主语/宾语
性
介词+形容词作宾语，构成的固定搭配 in brief 简明扼要地; at least 至少
for certain/sure 肯定地; in full 完全地
in general 大体上; in short 简而言之
in private 私下地; in vain 徒劳
二、副词的句法功能
功能 例句
修饰动词 He studies hard.
修饰形容词 He isn’t old enough to join the army.
修饰副词 He does very well in English.
状语 修饰名词 He was absent from school for quite a long time.
修饰介词短语 he came back to his hometown shortly after the war.
修饰不定代词 Nearly everybody came to the party.
修饰句子 Hopefully, I’ll be able to stay at home for 3 weeks this time.
表语 指主语的方向、方位等 The head teacher was here just now.
宾补 I’m glad to see you back.
定语 On her way home, she met a friend of hers.
三、形容词、副词的比较等级
1. 原级
含义 用法 例句
A和B一样 A... as + adj./adv.原级+as B The book is still as popular among children as
before.A是B的几倍 A ... times + as + adj./adv.原级 This room is three times as large as that one.
+as B
2. 比较级
含义 用法 例句
比......更...... 比较级+than... He gets up earlier than anyone else in his class.
两者中更......的 the+比较级+of... He is the taller of the 2 boys.
两者同样不...... no+比较级+than... He is no taller than his brother.
越......,越...... the+比较级，the+比较级 The more tickets you sell, the more money you will
get.
越来越...... 比较级+and+比较级 The new city is becoming more and more beautiful.
常用来修饰比较级的词：rather, much, still, even, far, a lot, a little, a great deal, by far, a bit, three
times
3. 最高级
用法 例句
the+最高级+ among/of all(同类) Li Ming is the most hard-working student in his class.
in+范围等(不同类)
“否定词+比较级”表示最高级含义 He has never spent a more worrying day.
常用来修饰最高级的词：by far, nearly, almost, by no means, not really, not quite, nothing like和序数词
等
4. 比较级、最高级的构成规则
构成 原级 比较级 最高级
一般加-er，-est strong stronger strongest
以字母e结尾只加-r，-st wide wider widest
以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写辅音字母加- hot hotter hottest
规
er，-est
则
变 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，将y变为i，再加-er，- ugly uglier ugliest
化 est
以“元音字母+y”结尾的词，y不变，直接加-er，-est grey greyer greyest
其他双音节或多音节词，在前加more或most quickly more quickly most quickly
不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
bad/badly worse worst
far farther（指距离：更远的） farthest
further（既指距离，又指程度：更深入的） furthest
much/many more most
little less least
old older（指年龄、新旧；指血缘：年纪较长的） oldestelder（指血缘：年纪较长的） eldest
四、形容词变副词的规则
情况 构成 例词 例外
加-ly quick-quickly
一般情况
brave-bravely
y改为i再加-ly easy-easily shy-shyly
辅音字母+y结尾
happy-happily dry-dryly
去e加-y simple-simply whole-wholly
-le结尾
gentle-gently
元音字母+e结尾 去e加-ly true-truly
只加-y full-fully
-ll结尾
dull-dully
加-ally basic-basically
-ic结尾
scientific-scientifically
注意：
以-ly结尾的形容词
friendly 友好的 lovely 可爱的 lively 生动的 lonely 孤独的 deadly 致命的
monthly 每月的 yearly 每年的 daily 每日的 weekly 每周的
五、易混形容词、副词
1. ago, before
副词 用法 例句
从现在算起若干时间以前，常与一般过去时连 I graduated from the college 10 years ago.
ago
用
与过去某一时间算起若干时间以前，常与过去 She said that she had married him 5 months
before
完成时连用 before.
2. hardly, hard
词 词性 用法 例句
adj. 艰难的 This is a hard job.
hard
adv. 努力地 Peter works so hard.
hardly adv. 几乎不 We can hardly believe it.
3. too, either, also, as well
词 词意 用法 例句
放在句末 It is a more efficient system and it is cheaper
too
也 too.
also (肯定句) 放在句中，大多放在be、助动 My girlfriend is also called Helen.
词、情态动词之后，或实义动词之前
as 放在句末或句中 If he winks at you, you may wink back as
well well.
either 也不 放在句末 Mary won’t go and Peter won’t go either.
4. late. later, latter, latest, lately
词 词性 用法 例句
late adj.&adv. 晚，迟 The birthday card arrived three days late.
latter adj. （两者中）后者的 The latter point is the most important.
adj. 后来的 This is discussed in more detail in a later chapter.
later
adv. 后来 I met her again later.
latest adj. 最新的 Have you heard the latest news?
lately adv. 最近 It is only lately that she’s been well enough to go out.
变式练习
基础练
1. The river was so polluted that it (actual) caught fire and burned.
2. I love cooking, so it's very (nature) for me to share the food 1 make with my family and
friends.
3. Family has a great influence on our personal development. If we are from a happy family, we tend to
be
(cheer) and optimistic
4. We can't have a ____ (good) choice to do it right now.
5. The little girl (total) understood what her father said just now.
6. Of all the five boys, he is the (tall).
7. He is a ( disappoint) child and his parents are ( disappoint) with him.
8. What have you been doing (late)?
9. As he works in a remote area, he visits his parents only ( occasion).
10. ( surprising)，the British are most likely to chat with strangers.
提升练
1.I am so (gratitude) to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily.
2. We have done half the work so far. _____ ( hopeful), we will have finished it by December.
3. Nowadays our government is (seriously) about health care and welfare of its people.4. The trees are watered_____ (regular) and they grow faster.
5. We should try to do (much) work with (little) money.
6. To my great surprise, the little boy (skillful) fixed my computer in ten minutes.
7. Earthquakes are (extreme) difficult to predict.
8. There must be an (easy) way to do that.
9. At least 75 animal welfare organizations exist in that country which provide care and adoption services
for
(home) and ill-treated animals.
10. Learning these skills at an early age is one of the_____ (good) things that could happen to your
child.
