文档内容
练习 47 语法填空＋七选五＋完形填空
授课提示：对应学生用书118页
Ⅰ.语法填空
2024·石家庄质检 说明文 220词 ★★★★☆
We all know that water is the source of life on Earth. No plant, insect, animal 1.________
human can survive without it. Researchers find that people 2.________ drink a lot of water every
day tend to stay 3.________ (fit) and live longer than those who don't. The research team say
drinking enough water is helpful to people 4.________ (affect) by illnesses related to ages, like
heart and lung diseases. They add that it is more likely for adults 5.________ (poor) hydrated
(水分充足) to show signs of ageing and even die at a younger age.
The researchers looked at the health data from about 12，000 adults over a 30year period.
They studied the information of patients who 6.________ (visit) a hospital five times in the past
ten years. The first three times were when the patients were in 7.________ (they) 50s, and the
last two times were when they were between 70 and 90. Dr. Natalia Dmitrieva, lead researcher of
the study, said, “The 8.________ (result) suggest that proper hydration may slow down ageing
and make a diseasefree life longer.” She called 9.________ consuming more water, juice, fruit
and vegetables with high water content. She said that half of the people worldwide didn't drink
enough in their daily life. According to her 10.________ (recommend), the average adult needs
to drink at least 1.5 liters of water every day.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，每天喝大量水的人往往比不喝水的人
更健康，寿命更长。研究人员建议普通成年人每天喝至少1.5升水。
1．答案与解析：or 没有它，任何植物、昆虫、动物或人都无法生存。根据空前的
No和句意可知，空处应用or，表示“(用于否定句，提出两种或多种事物时)也不”。故填
or。
2．答案与解析：who/that 研究人员发现，每天喝大量水的人往往比不喝水的人更健
康，寿命更长。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词people，并在从句中作主语，应用关系代
词who或that。故填who/that。
3．答案与解析：fitter 参见上题解析。空处在系动词 stay后作表语；根据空后的
“live longer”和“than”可知，此处应用形容词比较级，表示“更加健康”。故填fitter。
4．答案与解析：affected 研究小组表示，饮用足够的水对患有心脏病和肺病等与年
龄有关的疾病的人有帮助。分析句子结构可知，“drinking enough...lung diseases”为省略了
连接词that的宾语从句，从句中已有be动词is，空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名
词people，根据语境和空后的by可知，动词affect与people为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过
去分词形式。故填affected。
5．答案与解析：poorly 他们补充说，缺乏水分的成年人更有可能出现衰老的迹象，
甚至在较年轻的年纪死亡。空后的hydrated是形容词，空处应用副词形式poorly修饰该形
容词。故填poorly。
6．答案与解析：had visited 他们研究了在过去十年中去过医院五次的病人的信息。空处在who引导的定语从句中作谓语；根据句意可知，动词 visit所表示的动作发生在
studied所表示的动作之前，且根据时间状语“in the past ten years”可知，空处应用过去完成
时。故填had visited。
7．答案与解析：their 前三次是在病人50多岁的时候，后两次是在他们70到90岁之
间的时候。be in one's 50s表示“50多岁”，空处应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
8．答案与解析：results 此处表示“研究结果表明，适当的补水可以延缓衰老，延长
无病寿命”。空处在主句中作主语，result“(科学研究或试验的)结果”为可数名词，根据
空后的谓语动词suggest可知，主句主语应用复数形式。故填results。
9．答案与解析：for 她呼吁多喝水、多喝果汁、多吃富含水分的水果和蔬菜。根据
空后的动名词consuming可知，空处应用介词。call for为固定搭配，表示“号召，呼吁，
倡议”。故填for。
10．答案与解析：recommendation 根据她的建议，普通成年人每天需要喝至少1.5升
水。空处作According to的宾语，根据空前的her可知，空处应用名词recommendation，表
示“建议”，为可数名词；此处表示上文提及的“多喝水、多喝果汁、多吃富含水分的水
果和蔬菜”这一建议，因此空处应用单数形式。故填recommendation。
Ⅱ.七选五
2023·全国甲卷 说明文 320词 ★★★★☆
Tricks To Becoming A More Patient Person
Here's a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in
common? There's one answer：__1__.
In the Digital Age, we're used to having what we need immediately and right at our
fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we'd be a whole lot better off.
Here are several tricks.
·Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and
even more optimistic.__2__. “Showing thankfulness can foster selfcontrol，” said Ye Li,
researcher at the University of California.
·Make yourself wait
Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but
psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the
only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice.__3__. Put off watching your favorite
show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You'll soon find that
the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations.
·__4__.
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and
when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the
circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “__5__.” You'll then gradually become more
patient.
A．Find your causes
B．Start with small tasks
C．Accept the uncomfortable
D．All this adds up to a state of hurry
E．It can also help us practice more patience
F．This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerableG．They're all situations where we could use a little extra patience
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了变得耐心的一些方法。
1．答案与解析：G 根据上文“Here's a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and
waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There's one answer. (这里有一个谜语：交通
堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处？答案只有一个)”可知，本句说明上文谜语
的答案，结合“交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期”这些情况可知都需要耐心。故G选项“在
这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心”符合语境，故选G。
2．答案与解析：E 根据上文“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it
makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让
我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观)”以及后文“‘Showing thankfulness can foster self-
control，’ said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. (加州大学的研究员叶丽说：
‘表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。’)”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可知本句继
续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E 选项中 It 指代上文
Thankfulness。故E选项“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选E。
3．答案与解析：B 根据上文“And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is
to practice. (我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法就是练习)”以及后文“Put off watching your
favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. (把你最喜欢
的节目推迟到周末再看，或者多等10分钟再去吃蛋糕)”可知，后文列举的事情都是日常
的小事，说明要从小事开始练习等待，故B选项“从小任务开始”符合语境，故选B。
4．答案与解析：C 根据本段内容“So many of us have the belief that being comfortable
is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone,
we get impatient about the circumstances. (我们中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状
态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐心)”可知，本段提到了舒适是
我们唯一能容忍的状态，结合前文的小标题都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨与接受不舒适相
关，C选项中uncomfortable对应后文comfortable。故C选项“接受不舒服”符合语境，故
选C。
5．答案与解析：F 根据上文“You should learn to say to yourself (你应该学会对自己
说……)”以及后文“You'll then gradually become more patient. (然后你会逐渐变得更有耐
心)”结合本段主要说明的是不舒服的状态，可知，本句为对自己所说的话与接受不舒服相
关，故F选项“这仅仅是不舒服，而不是无法忍受”符合语境，故选F。
Ⅲ.完形填空
2024·福建模拟 记叙文 195词 ★★☆☆☆
We always think of cats and dogs as our friends. But farm animals such as cows can __1__
the same companionship.
Two years ago, Ryan Phillips saw an ad for a __2__ cow which was about to be
abandoned. He decided to __3__ Jenna the cow. While 3 days into this earth taught Jenna
__4__， the days and years after that taught her love and acceptance. Ryan was always
__5__ with hugs and attention. And since Jenna never had the __6__ to know her real
mother, Ryan became the __7__ figure in Jenna's life. For six months, he __8__ her
with a milk bottle. When Jenna grew bigger, Ryan moved her to his nonprofit farm that __9__
different kinds of farm animals and is __10__ enough to give these animals plenty of room to
live and grow.
He shared online how he and Jenna met, and this __11__ finally led to another. His story
with Jenna __12__ Mallory Sherman. So she decided to __13__ him. At first, helpingRyan and learning more about Jenna were her __14__. This developed into constant
conversations with Ryan and they became __15__ , entering into marriage last year. “I never
thought so much of my life would be changed due to Jenna's coming.” says Ryan.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Ryan收养并精心照顾被遗弃的小牛犊
Jenna，并由此与Mallory结缘的故事。
1．A.understand B．seek
C．deepen D．establish
答案与解析：D 上文提到我们总是认为猫和狗是我们的朋友，再结合下文Ryan和小
牛犊Jenna的故事可知，此处表示像牛这样的农场动物也可以(与人类)建立同样的友谊。
understand“理解”；deepen“加深”；establish“建立”。
2．A.disabled B．strange
C．newborn D．sick
答案与解析：C 根据下文中的“3 days into this earth”“For six months... with a milk
bottle”可知，这是一头刚出生的小牛犊。disabled“残疾的，丧失能力的”；newborn“新生
的，初生的”。
3．A.adopt B．cure
C．purchase D．check
答案与解析：A 上文提到Ryan看到一则关于将被抛弃的初生小牛犊的广告，结合下
文Ryan和这头小牛犊的故事可知，他决定收养它。adopt“收养，领养”；cure“治愈，治
好(疾病)”；purchase“购买”；check“检查”。
4．A.mercy B．forgiveness
C．friction D．rejection
答案与解析：D 根据上文中的“which was about to be abandoned”和下文中的“the
days and years after that taught her love and acceptance”可知，出生三天让Jenna知道了什么是
厌弃(rejection)，但是随后的日子教会它爱和接受。mercy“仁慈”；forgiveness“原谅，宽
恕”；friction“争执，分歧，不和，摩擦”。
5．A.patient B．generous
C．content D．busy
答案与解析：B 根据上文中的“the days and years after that taught her love and
acceptance”和下文 Ryan 为 Jenna 做的事情可知，Ryan 毫不吝惜拥抱和关注。be patient
with“对……有耐心”；be generous with“毫不吝惜”；be content with“对……满意”；
be busy with“忙于”。
6．A.privilege B．courage
C．opportunity D．right
答案与解析：C 根据上文可知，Jenna刚出生就要被遗弃，因此没有机会(opportunity)
认识它真正的妈妈。privilege“特权，特殊待遇”；courage“勇气，胆量”；right“正当
的理由，权利”。
7．A.familiar B．parental
C．central D．reliable
答案与解析：B 上文提到Jenna没有机会认识它真正的妈妈，再结合下文中的“For
six months...with a milk bottle”可知，Ryan 在 Jenna 的生活中充当“母亲”的角色。
familiar“熟悉的”；parental“父亲的，母亲的，父母的”；central“重要的”；
reliable“可信赖的，可靠的”。
8．A.fed B．keptC．cheered D．accompanied
答案与解析：A 根据上文可知，Jenna刚出生没多久，因此Ryan用奶瓶喂了Jenna六
个月。feed“给(人或动物)食物，喂养”；cheer“(为……)加油”；accompany“陪伴”。
9．A.funds B．houses
C．trains D．advocates
答案与解析：B Jenna长大后，Ryan就把它挪到他的非营利农场，该农场给不同的农
场动物提供住处。house在此处是动词，表示“给……提供住处”。fund“为……提供资
金”；train“训练”；advocate“主张”。
10．A.spacious B．warm
C．safe D．comfortable
答案与解析：A 根据上文中的“grew bigger”和下文中的“to give these animals plenty
of room to live and grow”可知，此处表示农场足够宽敞(spacious)，给这些动物提供了足够的
空间让它们居住和成长。
11．A.experience B．sharing
C．bond D．reunion
答案与解析：C 上文讲述了Ryan和Jenna相遇的故事，下文讲到了因这个故事而与
Ryan相识的Mallory，因此此处表示这个情感纽带最终促成了另一个(情感纽带)的产生。
bond“情感的纽带，关系”，reunion“团聚”。
12．A.inspired B．surprised
C．convinced D．attracted
答案与解析：D 根据下文中的“So she decided... helping Ryan and learning more about
Jenna”可知，Ryan和Jenna的故事吸引(attracted) 了 Mallory。inspire“激励，鼓舞”；
surprise“使惊奇”；convince“使信服”。
13．A.get along with B．catch up with
C．reach out to D．hold on to
答案与解析：C 根据下文中的“helping Ryan”可知，Mallory下定决心要帮助Ryan。
get along with“与(某人)和睦相处”；catch up with“赶上/追上(某人)”；reach out to“援助，
支持(某人)”；hold on to“抓紧，不放开”。
14．A.hobby B．business
C．task D．intention
答案与解析：D 起初，帮助Ryan和多了解一点Jenna是她的目的和打算。hobby“爱
好”；business“商务，公事，生意”；task“任务”；intention“打算，计划，意图，目
的”。
15．A.skillful B．close
C．harmonious D．successful
答案与解析：B 根据上文中的“This developed into constant conversations with Ryan”
和下文中的“entering into marriage”可知，他们变得亲密了。skillful“技术好的，熟练的”；
close“亲密的，亲近的”；harmonious“和睦的”；successful“成功的”。
答题策略
语法填空——名词性从句
名词性从句的解题步骤
People were unfamiliar with his product at the
例题 beginning; and made many guesses at ________ it
was produced.步骤
分析句子结构判断从句类型：分析可知，在句
①
中作介词at的宾语，为宾语从句
分析所填词在从句中的句子成分：从句it was
produced为主系表结构，缺少状语，从连接副
②
词when/whenever, where/wherever,
how/however, why, because 中选择
结合句意确定连词：人们一开始对他的产品不
③ 熟悉，并对它是如何生产出来的做了许多猜
测。表示“如何”，应用连词how
答案,how 介词at后边是一个宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，结合句意应用how引
导。
