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08 语篇类型-记叙文阅读
真题回顾
（2024·广东广州·中考真题）Ffh. Ffh. Ffh! It was not just the empty nest (鸟巢) of a pewee bird as Amy
had found the last five days. Amy ran home through the woods.
“Mum!” she shouted. “I see birds. Two. In cave (洞穴). Beautiful!”
Mum smiled. Birds! Always birds! From the moment Amy woke up in the morning to the moment she closed
her eyes at night, she thought only of birds.
Amy climbed straight to her attic room—her museum, she called it. Every shelf, every spare inch of floor,
was covered with nests, bird models and natural science books. The walls were covered with pencil and crayon
drawings of many different kinds of birds, all signed “Amy in the woods.”
“Are those the same birds who built the nest last year? Will they return to the cave next spring?” Amy always
wondered. “I will study my cave birds. I will draw them just as they are.” Amy made up her mind.
In a week, the birds were used to her. They were busy building their nest as Amy watched and drew with her
pencils. Soon the dried brown nest became a soft green bed.
Amy watched as two baby birds came out. She watched as the young birds flew for the first time. She began
to feel a part of this small family.
When the days grew shorter and the autumn air began to bite, Amy knew the birds would leave soon. But
would they come back? She had to know!
In bed that night, she formed a plan.
The next day, when the mother and father birds were away from the nest, she tied something to one leg of
each baby bird. A week later, the birds were gone. . .
The days grew longer again. One morning. Amy heard a bird call, “Fee-bee! Fee-bee!”
She ran to the cave. Watching the way the birds flew in and out of the cave, Amy knew her friends came
back. But where were last year’s babies? Did they return too? She began to search the woods near the cave,
listening for their call.
Inside a little house, she found two birds building a nest. One wore a silver ring around its leg. Up the small
river, under a bridge, she found two more nesting birds. And one wore a silver ring around its leg.
Amy smiled and called, “Fee-bee! Fee-bee!”
1. What did Amy want to find out in the whole story?
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A. Where and how the birds spent winter. B. Why the birds and their babies came back.
C. Whether the same birds would return. D. How she could make friends with the birds.
2. What can we learn about Amy from her museum?
A. She often studied birds with her mother. B. She had rich bird-watching experiences.
C. She liked drawing more than other hobbies. D. She wanted to keep her hobbies as secrets.
3. How did Amy carry out her plan in the late autumn?
A. She marked each baby bird with a silver ring. B. She separated the baby birds from their parents.
C. She cared for the birds and watched them grow. D. She used the birds’ language to call them back.
4. What happened to the two baby birds when the second spring came?
A. They flew back and looked for their parents. B. They made their own nests under a bridge.
C. They flew in and out of the cave to meet Amy.D. They returned and built nests near the cave.
【答案与解析】本文主要讲述了一个名叫Amy的小女孩对鸟类的热爱和观察，她通过在鸟腿上绑上银环来
确认鸟类是否会在第二年春天返回原地筑巢的故事。
1. 细节理解题。根据“Are those the same birds who built the nest last year? Will they return to the cave next
spring?”可知，Amy想知道同样的鸟是否会回来，故选C。
2. 推理判断题。根据“Amy climbed straight to her attic room—her museum, she called it. Every shelf, every
spare inch of floor, was covered with nests, bird models and natural science books. The walls were covered with
pencil and crayon drawings of many different kinds of birds,”可知，Amy 的阁楼房间被她称为博物馆，里面有
很多鸟巢、鸟模型和自然科学书籍，墙上挂满了她画的各种鸟类的图画，这表明她有丰富的观鸟经验。故
选B。
3. 细节理解题。根据“The next day, when the mother and father birds were away from the nest, she tied
something to one leg of each baby bird. A week later, the birds were gone...”和最后一段“Inside a little house, she
found two birds building a nest. One wore a silver ring around its leg. Up the small river, under a bridge, she found
two more nesting birds. And one wore a silver ring around its leg.”可知，她在每只雏鸟腿上都做了一个银戒指
的记号，通过观看这个标记来判断它们是否会回来，故选A。
4. 细节理解题。根据“she found two birds building a nest. One wore a silver ring around its leg. Up the small
river, under a bridge, she found two more nesting birds. And one wore a silver ring around its leg.”可知，Amy 发
现了两只带有银环的小鸟在桥下筑巢，这表明它们在第二年春天返回并在靠近洞穴的地方筑巢，故选D。
知识积累
一、语篇概览
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记叙文是中考必考题型。在所有的阅读体裁中，记叙文的难度相对是比较低的。如果掌握了阅读的技
巧，多多实践，阅读能力就有可能大大提高。要熟练掌握记叙文的阅读技巧，了解记叙文的写作特点与命
题特点也是有必要的。
1. 记叙文写作特点
记叙文是一种记载和叙述事件由来，描绘事物和人物情景状态、过程及发展的文体。消息、通讯、传
记、游记、小说、童话、寓言以及记叙性的散文等文体，都属于记叙文的范畴。
就写作顺序而言，记叙文要么是按时间顺序，要么是按事件的重要性的顺序来展开。不管是哪种叙述
方法，最后经常会有一两句话抒发作者的情绪与感悟，这是记叙文的精华所在，也是阅读的难点所在，可
谓“一篇之妙，在于落句”。
2. 记叙文命题特点
从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断、作者意图等题型。除了推论
或词义辨识题，记叙文命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的顺序层层推进，否则就会觉得别
扭，逻辑不通。同时，记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对故事的了
解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，则取决于文
章的落句，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。总之，细节题是记叙文命题的主流题型。而寓意之类的题
则是高一层次的题，有一定的难度和区分度，它们是拉开距离的题，答对了这些题，你才有可能成功地跻
身高分之列。综上所述，记叙文的应对策略即：不漏细节，奠定基础；把准寓意，方能成功。
中考英语中的记叙文，往往采用明暗双线的写作手法。命题点往往会在双线的起承转合点设定。
二、应对攻略
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一把钥匙开一把锁。要解答好记叙文阅读理解题，就应该有一套针对性强的方法和技巧。下面是我们
在阅读教学中积累下来的一点心得体会，希望能对大家有所帮助。
1顺藤摸瓜：把握文中关键信息
记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的 5W（what, who, when, where, why）要素。
因此我们作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。
2.左顾右盼：注重信息前后关联
在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研究问题，
抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或
右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。
3.刨根问底：关注表达弦外之音
如前所述，主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种方法
解答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四
个可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。特别是解答推论或暗指类的题目，比如“What can be inferred
from …?”或是What does the author imply in …?”之类的题目，文中所陈述的往往不是答案。我们要在文前
文后去查找，在字里行间里去寻觅。有时还少不了借助自己的生活经验和常理来体会这言外之意。
4.拨云见日：熟知信息排列规律
每年的中考阅读题中，特别是记叙文的阅读题，都会出现一至两道词义猜测题。而这些词汇往往是你
素昧平生的，或者和你有点头之交，在文中却另有新意的，总之，猜的是那些在高考词汇表要求之外的词
汇。小小的一个词，一个短语，考核的不是你的语法的熟练程度，也不是你的记忆力，而是你对文章通篇
或者一个段落的整体把握和变通能力。
这时，你不仅需要“左顾右盼”，还需要在几句话，一个段落，乃至整篇文章的字里行间中快速搜寻，
看看前面、后面都发生了些什么；反复琢磨人物、事物，或者人物与事物之间的内在联系，才可能在最后
拨开团团迷雾，从四个选项中选出正确答案。
突破练习
1
（2024·江苏南京·二模）Molly Burke was not born blind. She started losing her sight when she was four
years old. Doctors said that she had a rare eye disease that would gradually take away her vision. In first grade, she
learned to read Braille, although she could still see. Life was pretty normal for the next few years.
However, in seventh grade, things got worse. She couldn’t even see the blackboard. “I just started to cry, ”
remembers Molly. As she began to lose her vision, she started using a stick to help her walk. By age 14, Molly was
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completely blind. Her classmates soon stopped inviting her to do things. A group of girls who were once her friends
started bullying her. They even said that she was making up her blindness to get attention. Eventually, Molly
became depressed (沮丧的). Her high school years were not easy.
After she finished high school, Molly thought about what she wanted to do before college. Her brother was
working in a children’s home in Africa, and she wanted to do something that would help others, too. Then she
found out about Me to We, an organization that runs international volunteer trips. She joined the organization on a
youth trip to Kenya to help build a school. While there, she spoke at a local girls’ school. Molly now knew what she
wanted to do next—to help inspire (激励) people by being a speaker at Me to We.
Molly began speaking at schools all over the United States and Canada. Her advice? Be strong! During a
speech in Toronto, she spoke to about 20, 000 people. After her speech, the crowd stood up and clapped. “Molly has
a real ability to inspire people and to help others, ” her father says.
In 2014, Molly started her own channel on social media, uploading things like makeup video blogs, or vlogs.
As of 2019, she has close to two million followers, some of whom don’t even know she’s blind. She tries to be a
role model for young people, but is realistic about what she can and can’t do. She even makes fun of the challenges
she faces as a blind person—like sharing a video that she once bit into a lemon, thinking it was a potato.
In 2018, Molly moved out of her parents’ home and into her own apartment in Los Angeles, where she still
lives today. “How can you hold somebody like that back? ” says her mother. “She’s unstoppable. ”
1. What could be the best title for the article?
A. An Inspiring Role Model.
B. High School Online Star.
C. How Molly Gained Her Vision.
D. An Experience of Molly’s Speech.
2. Which period of time was probably the most difficult for Molly?
A. Primary school.
B. High school.
C. College.
D. After college.
3. What caused Molly to become a Me to We speaker?
A. She gave a speech in Toronto.
B. She spoke at a girls’ school in Kenya.
C. The crowd stood up and clapped after her speech.
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D. She was encouraged by her followers on social media.
4. Why does the writer mention Molly biting into a lemon by mistake?
A. To show that people sometimes still play tricks on Molly.
B. To show that there are still many things Molly cannot do.
C. To show that Molly is brave enough to face any challenge.
D. To show that Molly has a sense of humor about her daily challenges.
5. What does Molly’s mother think of her moving out?
A. She totally supports Molly’s decision.
B. She doesn’t support Molly, but she can do nothing.
C. She supports Molly, but feels that she is making a mistake.
D. She doesn’t support Molly, but knows there is no stopping Molly.
【答案与解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Molly Burke从失明到成为激励他人演讲者的过程。 她通
过积极乐观态度和不懈的努力，成为了一个鼓舞人心的榜样。
1. 最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了Molly Burke的故事，她从一个双目失明者变成了一个励
志的演讲者，是一个鼓舞人心的榜样，因此选项A “一位鼓舞人心的榜样” 符合最佳标题。故选A。
2. 细节理解题。根据“ Her classmates soon stopped inviting her to do things. A group of girls who were once
her friends started bullying her. They even said that she was making up her blindness to get attention. Eventually,
Molly became depressed (沮丧的). Her high school years were not easy.”可知，高中时期，同学们很快就不再
邀请她一起做事情了，一群曾经是朋友的女孩开始欺负她，她们甚至说她是在假装失明以博取关注，所以
高中时期是最艰难的。故选B。
3. 细节理解题。根据“While there, she spoke at a local girls’ school. Molly now knew what she wanted to do
next—to help inspire (激励) people by being a speaker at Me to We.”可知，Molly在肯尼亚的一所女子学校演
讲，她发现了自己有激励他人的能力，因此Molly决定成为Me to We的演讲者。故选B。
4. 推理判断题。根据“She even makes fun of the challenges she faces as a blind person—like sharing a video
that she once bit into a lemon, thinking it was a potato.”可知，这个例子是为了展示Molly面对生活中困难时的
幽默态度，表明她能够以积极乐观的方式面对挑战。故选D。
5. 推理判断题。根据“How can you hold somebody like that back?”和“She’s unstoppable”可知，母亲不支持
Molly搬出去住，但不能阻止女儿，不支持女儿的想法，但表示尊重。故选D。
2
（2024·河北保定·二模）Life has darkness sometimes, so we have to give out light by ourselves to make us
find our way in the darkness.
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When I was in primary school, I made up my decision that I must go to the best junior high school in my
city. But things don’t always go as planned. I had poor grades and found it hard to even finish my basic homework.
My classmates laughed at me when we were talking about our dreams. “You will never make it, Serena,”
they said. My teacher came to stop them. But after she heard about what they had made fun of, she tried to tell me
how difficult it would be to get into that school too. “That was all my students’ dream,” she said. “But only a few of
them have realized it.”
I didn’t want to give up. I studied hard with my might. I looked through the library books for more answers
to the same question. I stayed up late to solve math problems. I read English novels to increase my vocabulary (词
汇). I used all my pocket money to buy exercise books to rich my knowledge.
All the hard work paid off. I entered my dream school finally. Now, every morning, I dress up in my new
school uniform and leave home proudly. I have met fantastic friends and patient teachers in my new school.
Sometimes we have to be our own light to lead our whole life.
1. What was Serena’s dream?
A. To become a teacher. B. To get good grades.
C. To enter the excellent school. D. To finish the basic homework.
2. What did the teacher think of Serena’s dream?
A. It was great. B. It was funny. C. It must come true. D. It was hard to achieve.
3. What made Serena achieve her dream?
A. Her hard work. B. Her good luck. C. Friends’ support. D. Her clever mind.
【答案与解析】本文讲述了作者通过自己的努力和坚持，克服了学习上的困难，最终实现了进入自己理想
初中的梦想的故事。
1. 细节理解题。根据“When I was in primary school, I made up my decision that I must go to the best junior
high school in my city.”可知，Serena的梦想是进入所在城市最好的初中。故选C。
2. 细节理解题。根据“But after she heard about what they had made fun of, she tried to tell me how difficult it
would be to get into that school too.”可知，老师认为这个梦想很难实现。故选D。
3. 细节理解题。根据“I didn’t want to give up. I studied hard with my might.”及“All the hard work paid off. I
entered my dream school finally.”可知，Serena通过努力学习实现了她的梦想。故选A。
3
（2024·湖北武汉·模拟预测）When my best friend and I were teenagers, our favorite place to hang out was
the Hallmark store. If we had money, we would choose a perfect card for each other and then share tears or smiles
depending on what emotion the words expressed. In those coming years we developed a friendship built on sincere
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feelings and we often found comfort in the words of a Hallmark card. I think it is perhaps since those years that I
have become a greeting card collector.
The other day, while cleaning out the storage in my home, I came across the bag where I have kept greeting
cards. They are the lasting messages that speak the meanings of my life. ▲. It has a stick drawing on the front that
seems to be my portrait (肖像画), I laughed as I realized this is exactly how my oldest daughter saw her mum.
Opening it up I saw a hand-drawn heart with eyes and a big smile. On the other side are some words “You are the
best mum in the world!” This may be one card that Hallmark cards cannot compete with for it is a treasure more
precious than gold. I can’t go back to where I’ve been but, from time to time, I can be taken into a welcomed
memory trip.
These are the Hallmark moments of our lives. Words from once upon a time inspire us to appreciate the
people in our lives who mean so much. When we sometimes have doubts, or when the world treats us unfairly, the
encouraging words are there in black and white, sometimes drawn in a homemade stick drawing with a heart-
shaped smiling face standing out from the rest.
Life is a Hallmark card when you care enough to send the very best.
1. What influence does the Hallmark card have on the author?
A. Finding her real hobby.
B. Becoming a greeting card donor.
C. Getting real friendship and comfort.
D. Learning to share the experience of making cards.
2. Which of the following can be put in ▲?
A. They were very important to me.
B. I received a nice-looking card.
C. It reminded me of sweet memories.
D. I pulled out a foolish-looking card.
3. What does the oldest daughter’s foolish-looking card mean to the writer?
A. The daughter loved her mother very much.
B. It is a treasure more precious than gold.
C. The writer loved her children very much.
D. The oldest daughter was the best one.
4. The author uses “a welcomed memory trip” in paragraph 2 to show that _________.
A. she often remembers her past trip
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B. those cards are very meaningful for her
C. her daughter’s words moved her deeply
D. drawing herself on the cards is very meaningful
5. What can be the best title for the passage?
A. Words on the cards
B. Collecting greeting cards is a hobby
C. Life is a Hallmark card
D. Memory in the childhood
【答案与解析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过自己的经历告诉了我们生活像是一张Hallmark牌。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“When my best friend and I were teenagers, our favorite place to hang out was the
Hallmark store. If we had money, we would choose a perfect card for each other and then share tears or smiles
depending on what emotion the words expressed.”可知，Hallmark卡让作者得到真正的友谊和安慰，故选C。
2. 推理判断题。根据第二段“The other day, while cleaning out the storage in my home, I came across the bag
where I have kept greeting cards. They are the lasting messages that speak the meanings of my life. ”可知，说的是
贺卡。此处应说D项“我拿出一张看起来很傻的卡片。”符合题意，D选项可以放入▲，故选D。
3. 细节理解题。根据第二段“This may be one card that Hallmark cards cannot compete with for it is a treasure
more precious than gold.”可知，大女儿那张看起来很傻的卡片对作者来说意味着它是一件比黄金更珍贵的珍
宝，故选B。
4. 推理判断题。根据第二段“ They are the lasting messages that speak the meanings of my life.”可知，作者
在第二段中用”a welcomed memory trip”来表明这些卡片对她来说非常有意义，故选B。
5. 最佳标题题。根据最后一段“Life is a Hallmark card when you care enough to send the very best.”及阅读全
文可知， 本文作者通过自己的经历告诉了我们生活像是一张标记牌。结合选项，本文主要讲述了生活就
像一张 Hallmark牌。故选C。
4
（2024·广东汕头·一模）In Spain, children and their families are riding bikes to school together in large
groups. The program is called “bicibús” or “bike bus”.
Two years ago, children in the Eixample area of Barcelona had a new way to get to school on Fridays—they
rode their bikes. A group of five children began biking to school with their parents in September. Soon the group
grew to 150 or more.
The bike bus begins around 8: 25 every Friday morning. The path it will follow is always announced ahead
of time, so everyone knows where to join. Instead of riding in bike lanes (车道) or on sidewalks, the bicibús takes
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up the main streets. With music playing and bike bells ringing, the bicibús feels like a party.
It was possible to bike to school in Eixample before, but it wasn’t really safe for kids. There are a few bike
lanes, but there are also lots of cars. One of the main roads used by the Eixample bicibús has about 20,000 cars
every day. Because these are busy streets, the local police are helping stop traffic by riding in front of the bicibús
and behind it. Parents want the city to create wider, kidfriendly bike lanes that are separated from car traffic. They
point out that the bicibús also helps shrink pollution.
Recently, pictures and videos of the Eixample bicibús have got a lot of attention on the Internet. Many
people point out what a simple idea it is, and how easy it is to get started. Many people join in the activity, and
more and more bikes appear in the street. Barcelona isn’t the first bicibús ever. Some bike buses have even been
organized in many other areas.
1. What is “bicibús”according to the passage?
A. It’s a game that lets small children play on the way to school.
B. It’s a group that helps parents send their children to school.
C. It’s a program that makes kids ride bikes to school by themselves.
D. It’s a program that makes kids and their families ride bikes to school together.
2. Where do students ride bike buses?
A. On the playground. B. In main streets.
C. In bike lanes. D. On sidewalks.
3. What can be inferred from the fourth paragraph?
A. Local police don’t support bicibús.
B. Almost every family in Eixample has a car.
C. It used to be safe to bike to school in Eixample.
D. Many parents aren’t satisfied with the bike lanes at that time.
4. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “shrink”?
A. Come out. B. Cut down. C. Put on. D. Put off.
5. Which can be the best title for the passage?
A. Getting around in the Streets B. Riding to School with Teachers
C. Taking the “Bike Bus” to School D. A “Bike Bus” Race in Spain
【答案与解析】本文介绍了西班牙的孩子们和他们的家人一起骑车上学的新型上学方式。
1. 细节理解题。根据“In Spain, children and their families are riding bikes to school together in large groups.
The program is called ‘bicibús’ or ‘bike bus’.”可知，“bicibús”是一个让孩子和他们的家长一起骑自行车上学
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的项目，故选D。
2. 细节理解题。根据“Instead of riding in bike lanes (车道) or on sidewalks, the bicibús takes up the main
streets.”可知，“bicibús”占据了主街道。故选B。
3. 推理判断题。根据“Parents want the city to create wider, kidfriendly bike lanes that are separated from car
traffic. They point out that the bicibús also helps shrink pollution.”可知，许多家长对自行车道不满意。故选
D。
4. 词义猜测题。根据“They point out that the bicibús also helps shrink pollution.”可知，划线词提到了“帮
助”，因此推断出shrink意为“减少”污染，与“Cut down”同义。故选B。
5. 标题归纳题。通读全文，文章主要讲述“bicibús”是一种新颖的骑自行车上学的方式，选项C适合作为
文章标题。故选C。
5
（2024·山东烟台·一模）My mother only had one eye. I never wanted her to show up at my school.
One day during primary school, I was terribly ill. My mother came.
“Your mom only has one eye!” shouted some of my classmates. I wished my mother would have just
disappeared.
“If you embarrass me, why don’t you just die?” I shouted at her, taking no notice of the sad look on her face.
My mother just handed me some medicine and left without saying anything.
At that time, I didn’t think I had hurt her feelings very much. That night I saw my mom crying in her room.
Even so, I hated her tears from one eye. I made a decision: I must study hard and leave my mother.
Years later my dream came true. I was quite successful. I never thought of going back to see my “ugly”
mother until one day I got a letter.
“My son, I’m sorry I only have one eye. When you were little, you got into an accident and lost your eye. As
a mom, I couldn’t stand watching you live with only one eye. So I gave you mine. I was never angry with you and I
never regretted it because I love you.”
I cried out aloud. Only then did I realize how beautiful my mother was!
1. Why didn’t the writer want his mom to show up at his school?
A. Because he thought his mother with only one eye was ugly.
B. Because he wasn’t good at his study.
C. Because his mom couldn’t see anything.
D. Because his classmates didn’t like her.
2. How did the writer feel when his mother got to the school?
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A. Stupid. B. Enjoyable. C. Believable. D. Embarrassed.
3. What did the writer decide to do that night?
A. He decided to take his mom to the doctor.
B. He decided to take good care of his mom from that time.
C. He decided to ask his mom never to go to his school.
D. He decided to study hard and keep away from his mom.
4. When did the boy know the truth why his mother had only one eye?
A. When he was ill. B. After he saw his mother at home.
C. After he read his mother’s letter. D. When he was successful.
5. Which of the following is True according to the passage?
A. The mother was happy to hear what the boy said at school.
B. The mother was willing to give his son her own eye.
C. The mother had a serious car accident.
D. The mother was born with only one eye.
【答案与解析】本文主要讲述了作者的妈妈只有一只眼睛，因为别人的嘲笑，作者很生妈妈的气，并下决
心好好学习离开妈妈，后来成功后也没想回去看妈妈。直到收到妈妈的来信才得知自己在小时候出了车祸，
是妈妈把她的那只眼睛给了自己，直到那时作者才意识到妈妈多么美丽。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“My mother only had one eye. I never wanted her to show up at my school.”可知，
作者不想让他的妈妈去学校是因为他觉得妈妈只有一只眼睛是丑陋的。故选A。
2. 推理判断题。根据第四段“If you embarrass me, why don’t you just die?”可知，作者因为母亲的到来感到
尴尬。选D。
3. 细节理解题。根据第五段“I made a decision: I must study hard and leave my mother.”可知，那个晚上作者
做了一个决定是：努力学习，离开他的母亲。故选D。
4. 细节理解题。根据第六段“I never thought of going back to see my ‘ugly’ mother until one day I got a
letter.”和第七段母亲的信的具体内容可知，作者在读了母亲的信后才知道为什么他的母亲只有一只眼睛。
故选C。
5. 细节理解题。根据第七段“As a mom, I couldn’t stand watching you live with only one eye. So I gave you
mine.”可知，母亲愿意把她自己的眼睛交给他的儿子。故选B。
6
（2024·湖北·模拟预测）When I was about 12, I had an enemy, a girl who liked to point out my short-
comings. Week by week her list grew: I was very thin, I wasn’t a good student, I talked too much and so on. I tried
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to hear all this as long as I could. At last, I became very angry. I ran to my father with tears in my eyes.
He listened to me quietly, then he asked. “Are the things she says true or not? Janet, didn’t you ever wonder
what you’re really like? Well, you now have that girl’s opinion. Go and make a list of everything she said and mark
the points that are true. Pay no attention to the other things she said.”
I did as he told me. To my great surprise, I discovered that about half the things were true. Some of them I
couldn’t change (like being very thin), but a good number I could and suddenly I wanted to change. For the first
time I go to fairly clear picture of myself.
I brought the list back to Daddy. He refused to take it. “That’s just for you,” he said. “You know better than
anyone else the truth about yourself. But you have to learn to listen, when something said about you is true, you’ll
find it will be of help to you.”
“Our world is full of people who think they know your duty. Don’t shut your ears. Listen to them all, but
hear the truth and do what you know is the right thing to do.” Daddy’s advice has returned to me at many important
moments. In my life, I’ve never had a better piece of advice.
1. What does “Week by week her list grew” mean?
A. She discovered more shortcomings of mine and pointed them out to me.
B. She kept on writing down my shortcomings on the paper list.
C. I was having more and more shortcomings as time went on.
D. Week by week, my shortcomings grew more serious.
2. What did the father do after he had heard his daughter’s complaint?
A. He agreed with her “enemy” and believed that she needed to change.
B. He let her continue to put up with her “enemy” and not to change at all.
C. He told her not to pay attention to anything her “enemy” had said.
D. He told her to mark the true things in her “enemy” words and pay no attention to the rest.
3. How does the daughter’s emotion change according to the passage?
A. Sad—Angry—Upset
B. Angry—Calm—Thankful
C. Uneasy—Calm—Proud
D. Lonely—Cheerful—Relaxed
4. What do you think the writer’s father might be like?
A. Quiet and careless.
B. Wise and caring.
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C. Honest and outgoing.
D. Kind and popular.
5. Which do you think would be the best title for this passage?
A. Not an Enemy, but the Best Friend
B. My Father
C. The Best Advice I’ve Ever Had
D. My Childhood
【答案与解析】本文讲述了作者在面对一个总是指出她缺点的“敌人”时，父亲给了她一个宝贵的建议，
让她学会辨别和接受真实的批评，从而更好地认识自己并改进自己。
1. 推理判断题。根据“Week by week her list grew: I was very thin, I wasn’t a good student, I talked too much
and so on.”可知，她的名单每周都在增长：我很瘦，我不是一个好学生，我说得太多等等。即她每周都发
现了更多的缺点并指出来，故选A。
2. 细节理解题。根据“Go and make a list of everything she said and mark the points that are true. Pay no
attention to the other things she said.”可知，父亲让她标记出真实的部分，不要在意其他的，故选D。
3 细节理解题。根据“At last, I became very angry. I ran to my father with tears in my eyes.”可知，女儿一开很
愤怒；根据“For the first time I go to fairly clear picture of myself.”可知，接着冷静下来；根据“In my life,
I’ve never had a better piece of advice.”可知，最后感激父亲的建议，故选B。
4. 推理判断题。根据父亲的建议和对女儿的关心，可以推断出他是一个智慧且关心人的人，故选B。
5. 最佳标题题。根据“Daddy’s advice has returned to me at many important moments. In my life, I’ve never had
a better piece of advice.”以及通读全文可知，本文讲述了作者在面对一个总是指出她缺点的“敌人”时，父
亲给了她一个宝贵的建议，让她学会辨别和接受真实的批评，从而更好地认识自己并改进自己。文章的最
佳标题是“我得到的最好的建议”，故选C。
7
（2023·湖南怀化·一模）One day, a little monkey and a little fox went out to play. They saw an apple tree
on the other side of the river. There were many big and red apples on it. But there was no bridge over the river. The
monkey thought hard and had an idea. They pulled down (推倒) a tree and put it over the river as a bridge.
The monkey said, “My old friend, you go there first.” But after the fox (狐狸) went to the other side, he
kicked (踢) the tree into the river and ran to the apple tree. “How can I get there without the tree?” cried the
monkey. The fox laughed and said, “You just stand there and watch me eating the apples.” The monkey was very
angry.
Suddenly it began to rain. The water level (水位) in the river rose (上涨) and the tree flew away with the
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water. “You can eat all the apples. But you can’t come back,” shouted the monkey. The fox stopped eating and
looked at the monkey sadly.
1. What did the monkey and the fox see on the other side of the river?
A. A bridge. B. An apple tree. C. A boat.
2. Who thought hard and had an idea?
A. The monkey. B. The fox. C. Both of them.
3. Why was the fox sad at last?
A. Because he was angry with the monkey. B. Because he couldn’t come back. C.
Because he couldn’t eat apples.
4. What does the story tell us according to the passage?
A. The fox shouldn’t go first. B. The monkey could eat apples first. C. One
shouldn’t care only about himself.
【答案与解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述一只猴子和一只狐狸都想吃苹果，但是猴子想出主意后，
狐狸过河拆桥的故事，这个故事主要告诉我们，一个人不应该只关心自己。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“They saw an apple tree on the other side of the river.”可知，他们看见河的
对岸有一棵苹果树。故选B。
2. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The monkey thought hard and had an idea.”可知，猴子想到了一个主意。
故选A。
3. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“‘You can eat all the apples. But you can’t come back,’ shouted the
monkey. The fox stopped eating and looked at the monkey sadly.”可知，狐狸最后很伤心的原因是他回不来了。
故选B。
4. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述一只猴子和一只狐狸都想吃苹果，但是猴子想出主意后，狐
狸过河拆桥的故事，这个故事主要告诉我们，一个人不应该只关心自己。故选C。
8
（2024·福建福州·三模）
A skier was skiing down the snowy hill when he suddenly stopped, kicking up a lot of snow. It happened
within seconds, but the moment (瞬间) was caught by Zhang Jian, a photographer.
Zhang Jian is the head of a photography team at Songhua Lake Ski Resort (度假胜地) in Jilin. His love for
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both skiing and photography has made this job a perfect fit for him.
Zhang started working at the ski resort in 2010. Seeing that more skiers wanted photos on the snow, he
believed it was an opportunity. He worked hard to improve his skiing and photography skills. In 2015, Zhang
joined the Hey Snow app as a photographer, providing skiers with photography services. Then, in 2018, he set up
his own ski photography team called Snow.
Over the years, Zhang has seen the growing need for ski photography and the popularity of winter sports in
China, especially after the Beijing Winter Olympics in 2022. “In the past, skiers were mostly young adults. Now,
many young couples bring their children here to develop their interest in the sport,” Zhang said. “For them, the
experience of skiing is valuable and they want it to be recorded in photos.”
Cheng Yang is a ski lover from Nanjing. “In the past, skiers used to take photos of each other, but the photos
were not always good,” she said. “Now, we have professional photographers like Zhang Jian here. Taking photos
has become a necessary part of my skiing experience, and I am glad to share them online.”
For Zhang Jian and his team, the satisfaction of skiers is what they want to see. “It is the biggest achievement
for us to record wonderful memories for skiers through photos,” he said.
1. The writer introduces Zhang Jian’s job in Paragraph 1 by ________.
A. giving advice B. comparing facts
C. answering questions D. describing a scene
2. When did Zhang Jian first want to take up ski photography?
A. After he took photos of some skiers once.
B. After he fell in love with skiing and photography.
C. After he went skiing with his family for the first time.
D. After he saw that more skiers wanted photos on the snow.
3. Which of the following shows the correct order of the events?
a. Beijing held the Winter Olympic Games.
b. The ski photography team Snow was started.
c. Zhang Jian started working at Songhua Lake Ski Resort.
d. Zhang Jian worked as a photographer for the Hey Snow app.
A. c→d→b→a B. d→c→a→b
C. c→b→d→a D. d→a→c→b
4. What can we infer from Cheng Yang’s words?
A. Ski photography is very popular with skiers.
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B. It’s a good choice for skiers to take photos of each other.
C. Skiers prefer skiing with friends or family rather than alone.
D. More and more people are interested in sharing photos online.
5. What’s the best title for the passage?
A. A photographer’s biggest achievement
B. The influence of skiing on winter sports
C. Ski resorts: the best places for ski lovers
D. Recording memories: Zhang Jian’s photography journey
【答案与解析】本文主要讲述了张建的摄影之旅和他记录滑雪者美好回忆的故事。
1. 推理判断题。根据“A skier was skiing down the snowy hill when he suddenly stopped, kicking up a lot of
snow. It happened within seconds, but the moment (瞬间) was caught by Zhang Jian, a photographer.”可知，本段
作者通过描述一个滑雪者在滑雪时突然停下的场景来引出张建的工作。故选D。
2. 细节理解题。根据“Seeing that more skiers wanted photos on the snow, he believed it was an opportunity.”可
知，张建是在看到越来越多的滑雪者想要在雪地上拍照后，认为这是一个机会，才决定从事滑雪摄影的。
故选D。
3. 细节理解题。根据“Zhang Jian is the head of a photography team at Songhua Lake Ski Resort (度假胜地) in
Jilin.”、“In 2015, Zhang joined the Hey Snow app as a photographer, providing skiers with photography
services.”、“Then, in 2018, he set up his own ski photography team called Snow.”以及“Over the years, Zhang
has seen the growing need for ski photography and the popularity of winter sports in China, especially after the
Beijing Winter Olympics in 2022.”可知，正确的顺序为c→d→b→a。故选A。
4. 推理判断题。根据“Now, we have professional photographers like Zhang Jian here. Taking photos has
become a necessary part of my skiing experience, and I am glad to share them online.”可知，从程杨的话中可以
推断出滑雪摄影在滑雪者中非常受欢迎。故选A。
5. 最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了张建的摄影之旅和他记录滑雪者美好回忆的故事。因此“记录回忆：张建
的摄影之旅”最适合作为文章标题。故选D。
9
（2024·辽宁大连·三模）Matt and his mum, lived in the country next to a huge forest. There were trees and
birds everywhere. They went walking in the forest. every weekend. They looked for birds, found feathers and
picked berries. Matt thought he lived in the best place in the whole world.
But, at the start of spring, everything changed. His family moved to the city as his mum found a new job.
There was no forest in the neighbourhood, and that made Matt sad.
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Mrs. Potter, Matt’s new neighbour, was an old lady who: lived alone. One day, Matt saw her carrying a pot
into the building. It seemed a bit heavy, so Matt helped carry it to her home.
Once Mrs. Potter opened the door, Matt was amazed at the view in front of him. It was a forest, but it wasn’t
like any forest he had seen before. There were many trees—real ones, But each one was in a pot. They were
everywhere in the room. Matt felt as if he was in a fairy land.
“I see you like my indoor forest,” said Mrs. Potter. “They are beautiful.” said Matt.
“Would you like to take some trees home? Thank you so much for helping me today,” said, Mrs. Potter.
“Yes, please!” said Matt, excitedly.
Mrs. Potter gave Matt two potted (盆栽的) trees. She showed him how to care for the trees. Matt kept them
on his balcony (阳台).
One day, he saw something moving below the trees. It was a fat blackbird eating the berries of the trees!
Matt smiled. He felt like he was living beside a forest again.
1. What does the underlined “that” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Spring was arriving.
B. Mum got a new job.
C. There was no forest around Matt’s new home.
D. There was no change in Matt’s life in the city.
2. What can we learn about Mrs. Potter’s home?
A. Her home was in the country. B. There were a lot of trees in her home.
C. Her home was old and broken. D. There were many people living in her home.
3. How did Mrs. Potter thank Matt?
A. By taking care of Matt. B. By giving Matt two trees.
C. By greeting Matt on her balcony. D. By carrying a pot to Matt’s home.
4. How did Matt probably feel when he saw the blackbird?
A. Tired. B. Lonely. C. Relaxed. D. Happy.
【答案与解析】本文讲述了Matt和妈妈搬到城市后，Matt帮助邻居Mrs. Potter搬花盆，Mrs. Potter送给他
两棵盆栽树，让他在城市中也能感受到森林的故事。
1. 细节理解题。根据“There was no forest in the neighbourhood, and that made Matt sad.”可知，Matt的新家
附近没有森林，这让他很难过，that指代“新家附近没有森林”。故选C。
2. 细节理解题。根据“Once Mrs. Potter opened the door, Matt was amazed at the view in front of him. It was a
forest, but it wasn’t like any forest he had seen before. There were many trees- real ones, But each one was in a pot.
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They were everywhere in the room.”可知，Mrs. Potter的家里有很多树。故选B。
3. 细节理解题。根据“‘Would you like to take some trees home? Thank you so much for helping me today,’
said, Mrs. Potter. ‘Yes, please!’ said Matt, excitedly. Mrs. Potter gave Matt two potted (盆栽的) trees.”可知，Mrs.
Potter通过送给Matt两棵树来感谢他。故选B。
4. 推理判断题。根据“One day, he saw something moving below the trees. It was a fat blackbird eating the
berries of the trees! Matt smiled. He felt like he was living beside a forest again.”可知，Matt看到黑鸟时感到很
开心。故选D。
10
（2024·广东广州·三模）It was a hot day in early September. “Write about summer vacation,” Mrs. Brown
gave the class a writing homework. She was a strict, older woman. “Be as creative as you can. But,” Mrs. Brown
added, as she always did, “Make sure you use proper spelling and grammar.”
Jim didn’t want to write a stupid article about his summer vacation. So he gave up on the homework and
wrote what he wanted to. Not an article at all but a short story. Science fiction. It was about a distant planet that
didn’t have summer—it was spring all the time. And it didn’t have vacations, either. The aliens on the planet
worked 24 hours a day.
The next morning, he handed in the story but soon he felt regretful. He even couldn’t sleep well. In English
class, he saw the way Mrs. Brown looked at him with a strange look in her strict eyes for long. “I’m in trouble,”
Jim thought, staring at the floor.
Mrs. Brown said, “Almost everyone in class wrote an article about his or her summer vacation... Almost
everyone.”
“This is bad,” Jim thought. “I’m getting an F, I know it.”
“But,” the teacher continued, “One student decided he didn’t feel like doing that.”
“This is worse than an F... I’m in a note-to-the-parents situation now.” Jim couldn’t help thinking.
“All of your articles read as if they were written in your sleep. Just one of you had the courage to be as
imaginative as I asked you to be. Jim Martin is the only one who got an A on the assignment. Now I’m going to ask
him to come up here and read his story to you as an example of thinking independently and being creative.” Then,
being Mrs. Brown, she added strictly, “though he should have a little more attention to proper spelling and
grammar.”
Jim walked to the front of the classroom, as if he were climbing to the top of Mount Everest or were the first
person to step onto the surface of Mars.
What a small thing really, he now reflected as he walked through the crowded hallway, just a single
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assignment. But what a difference that moment had made to him.
1. Why couldn’t Jim sleep well?
A. Because he felt tired out after writing for a whole day.
B. Because he thought the story he wrote was interesting.
C. Because he was afraid of being punished by his parents.
D. Because he worried that Mrs. Brown might be unsatisfied.
2. How did Jim feel when Jim walked to the front of the classroom?
A. Regretful. B. Proud. C. Scared. D. Curious.
3. What can be the best title for this passage?
A. An Unexpected Praise B. A Creative Writer
C. A Summer to Remember D. Mrs. Brown’s Surprise
【答案与解析】本文讲述了吉姆没有按照要求写暑假作业，而是写了一篇科幻短文，本以为会受罚，结果
却因富有想象力而得到老师的肯定并被要求在全班朗读的故事。
1. 推理判断题。根据“The next morning, he handed in the story but soon he felt regretful.”、“‘I’m in
trouble,’ Jim thought, staring at the floor.”、“‘This is bad,’ Jim thought. ‘I’m getting an F, I know it.’”以及
“This is worse than an F...”可知，吉姆忐忑不安，是担心老师不满意。故选D。
2. 推理判断题。根据“Jim walked to the front of the classroom, as if he were climbing to the top of Mount
Everest or were the first person to step onto the surface of Mars.”可知，吉姆走到教室的前面，好像他正在攀登
珠穆朗玛峰的顶峰，或者是第一个踏上火星表面的人。由此可推测出，当吉姆走上讲台时他感到自豪。故
选B。
3. 最佳标题题。根据文章内容，吉姆本以为自己会因为没有按照要求写作而受到惩罚，结果却得到了老师
的表扬，这个意外的表扬对他产生了很大的影响，选项A“意想不到的赞美”符合主题，故选A。
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