文档内容
2023 北京通州初三一模
英语
考生须知
1. 本试卷共10页, 共五道大题, 38道小题, 满分60分, 考试时间90分钟。
2. 请在试卷和答题卡上准确填写学校名称、班级、姓名。
3. 试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上, 在试卷上作答无效。
4. 在答题卡上, 选择题用2B铅笔作答, 其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。
5. 考试结束, 请将答题卡交回。
第一部分
本部分共33题, 共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中, 选出最符合题目要求的一项。
一 、单项填空(每题0. 5分, 共6分)
从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. Mr. Smith is ________ English teacher. He is very kind to us.
A. her B. your C. our D. their
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：史密斯先生是我们的英语老师。他对我们很好。
考查代词辨析。her她的，她；your你的；our我们的；their他们的。根据“He is very kind to us.”可知他对
我们很好，因此是我们的老师。故选C。
2. Peter often goes to see his uncle ________ Sunday afternoon and they have dinner together.
A. on B. in C. at D. from
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：彼得经常在星期天下午去看他的叔叔，他们一起吃晚饭。
考查介词辨析。on在上面；in在里面；at在；from从。根据“Sunday afternoon”可知是周日下午，应用时
间介词on，其后可接某天的下午。故选A。
.
3 —________ do you want to be a doctor?
—Because I want to help people live longer and healthier.
A. What B. Why C. Who D. How
【答案】B
【解析】
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司【详解】句意：——你为什么想当医生？——因为我想帮助人们活得更长、更健康。
考查特殊疑问词。what什么；why为什么；who谁；how怎样。根据回答“Because I want to help people
live longer and healthier.”可知因为我想帮助人们活得更长、更健康，是表示原因，应用why询问原因。故
选B。
4. — Tom, ________ you help me take these books to the classroom?
— Yes, I can.
A. can B. may C. need D. must
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——汤姆，你能帮我把这些书带到教室里吗？——是 的，我可以。
考查情态动词辨析。can可以；may可能；need需要；must一定。根据回答“Yes, I can.”可知是用can来回
答，因此是用can来提问的句子。故选A。
5. Remember to put on your coat when you go outside, ________ you will catch a cold.
A. or B. but C. and D. so
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：出门时记得穿上外套，否则会感冒的。
考查连词辨析。or或者，否则；but但是；and和；so所以。根据“Remember to put on your coat when you
go outside, ... you will catch a cold.”可知后半句与前半句表示的条件不一样，应用or表示“否则”，表示条
件的变化。故选A。
6. I think physics is one of ________ subjects because I like doing experiments.
A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：我认为物理是最有趣的科目之一，因为我喜欢做实验。
考查形容词最高级。interesting有趣的；more interesting更有趣的；most interesting最有趣的。短语one
of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数表示“最……的……之一”。故选D。
7. Be quiet. Lucy ________ a maths class online and she must listen to the teacher carefully.
A. has B. is having C. will have D. has had
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：保持安静。露西正在上数学网课，她必须仔细听老师讲课。
考查谓语动词时态。根据“Be quiet”可知要保持安静，因此是正在上课，应用现在进行时。故选B。
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司8. — Jack, did you go to see a film last Sunday?
— No. I ________ the Palace Museum with my friends and we saw a lot of exhibits there.
A. visit B. will visit C. visited D. have visited
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——杰克，你上周日去看电影了吗？——没有。我和朋友一起参观了故宫博物院，在那里
我们看到了很多展品。
考查谓语动词时态。根据“did you go to see a film last Sunday”可知询问上周日是否去看电影，因此是谈论
过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，谓语动词需用过去式。故选C。
9. Kate is my classmate. We ________ good friends for more than 5 years.
A. are B. were C. will be D. have been
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：凯特是我的同学。我们已经是5年多的好朋友了。
考查谓语动词时态。根据“for more than 5 years”可知，应用现在完成时。故选D。
10. If you listen to the speech this afternoon, you ________ more knowledge about health.
A. learn B. learned C. will learn D. have learned
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：如果你听今天下午的演讲，你会学到更多关于健康的知识。
考查动词时态。根据“If you listen to the speech this afternoon”可知此处是if引导的条件状语从句，从句时
态为一般现在时，主句时态用一般将来时。故选C。
11. I ________ to a birthday party by my friend last Friday and we had a good time there.
A. invite B. will be invited C. invited D. was invited
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：上周五，我的朋友邀请我参加一个生日聚会，我们在那里玩得很开心。
考查语态。句子主语与动词之间是被动关系，结合“last Friday”可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，
故选D。
12. —Mary, can you tell me ________ the dictionary?
—Oh, yes. I bought it in Xin Hua Bookstore.
A. where did you buy B. where you bought C. where do you buy D. where you buy
【答案】B
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司【解析】
【详解】句意：——玛丽，你能告诉我你在哪里买的字典吗？——嗯，可以。我在新华书店买的。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句需用陈述语序，排除A和C；由“bought”可知，句子应用一般过去时。故选B。
二 、完形填空(每题1分, 共8分)
阅读下面的短文, 掌握其大意, 然后从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选择最
佳选项。
Drums in Space
Brenda was a happy, artistic girl, a girl with one big dream—to play the ____13____ in a band. But one big
problem lay in her way. To be good enough to play in a band, Brenda had to practice a lot, but she lived next door
to a lot of old people—many of them liked living in the quiet place. She knew that the sound of beating drums
would really make them feel nervous.
Brenda was a very good, ____14____ girl. She always tried to find a way of practicing her drums without
bothering（打扰）other people. So she had tried playing in the strangest places: a basement, a kitchen, and even in
a shower. But it was no good, there was always someone to be ____15____ with her when she was practicing it.
However, Brenda decided to practice as much as she could, she spent most of her time playing on books and boxes,
and looking for new places to practice.
One day, while watching a science program on TV, she heard that ____16____ cannot travel in space,
because there’s no air. At that moment, Brenda decided to become a musical astronaut.
With the help of a lot of time, a lot of books and a lot of work, Brenda built a space bubble（气泡）. It was a
big glass ball connected to a machine which ____17____ out all the air inside. All those would be left inside were
drums and a chair. Brenda put on the space suit she had made, ____18____ the bubble, turned on the machine,
then she played the drums like a wild child!
It wasn’t long before Brenda—“The Musical Astronaut”—had become very famous. So many people came to
see her play in her space bubble. Shortly afterwards she came out of the bubble and started giving concerts. Her
fame spread so much that the government suggested that she could form part of a unique space journey. Finally,
Brenda was a real musical ____19____ , and had gone far beyond her first dream of playing the drums in a band.
Years later, when people asked her how she had achieved all this, she thought for a moment and said, “If those
old people next-door didn’t ____20____ so much to me, I wouldn’t go to such lengths to find a solution, and none
of this would have ever happened. ”
13. A. piano B. violin C. guitar D. drums
14. A. humorous B. respectful C. confident D. curious
15. A. patient B. satisfied C. angry D. pleased
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司16. A. sound B. heat C. light D. electricity
17. A. blew B. put C. drew D. found
18. A. entered B. collected C. followed D. chose
19. A. manager B. scientist C. inventor D. astronaut
20. A. show B. matter C. consider D. support
【答案】13. D 14. B 15. C 16. A 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲了布伦达为了练习敲鼓而不影响邻居，制作了一个真空的气泡，被人们称为音乐宇航
员。
【13题详解】
句意：布伦达是一个快乐、有艺术感的女孩，她有一个伟大的梦想——在乐队里打鼓。
piano钢琴；violin小提琴；guitar吉他；drums鼓。根据“She knew that the sound of beating drums would
really make them feel nervous. ”可知，她知道鼓声真的会让他们感到紧张。可见，她有一个伟大的梦想
——在乐队里打鼓。故选D。
【14题详解】
句意：布伦达是一个非常善良、有礼貌的女孩。
humorous幽默的；respectful有礼貌的，恭敬的；confident自信的；curious好奇的。结合下文“She always
tried to find a way of practicing her drums without bothering（打扰）other people.”可知，她总是想找到一种
不打扰别人的方法来练习打鼓。所以她是一个有礼貌的女孩。故选B。
【15题详解】
句意：但这没有用，当她练习的时候，总是有人对她生气。
patient有耐心的；satisfied满意的；angry生气的；pleased高兴地。根据“looking for new places to
practice.”可知，她在寻找新的地方练习，可见，练习的时候，总有人会生气。故选C。
【16题详解】
句意：一天，当她在看电视上的科学节目时，她听到声音不能在太空中传播，因为那里没有空气。
sound声音；heat热量；light光；electricity电。结合句意和常识可知，声音不能在太空中传播。故选A。
【17题详解】
句意：它是一个大玻璃球，连接着一台机器，它把里面的空气都抽出来。
blew吹；put放置；drew抽取；found发现。结合上文“With the help of a lot of time, a lot of books and a lot
of work, Brenda built a space bubble（气泡）.”可知，在大量的时间、大量的书籍和大量的工作的帮助下，
布伦达建造了一个太空泡泡。可见，是把空气抽出来，draw out意为“抽出”，动词短语。故选C。
【18题详解】
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司句意：布伦达穿上自己做的太空服，进入泡泡，打开机器，然后像个野孩子一样打鼓！
entered进入；collected收集；followed跟随；chose选择。根据“With the help of a lot of time, a lot of books
and a lot of work, Brenda built a space bubble”可知，布伦达建造了一个太空泡泡。再结合句意可以推测，
她进入泡泡打鼓。故选 A。
【19题详解】
句意：最后，布伦达是一位真正的音乐宇航员，她的成就远远超出了她最初在乐队当鼓手的梦想。
manager经理；scientist科学家；inventor发明家；astronaut宇航员。根据“It wasn’t long before Brenda
—‘The Musical Astronaut’—had become very famous.”可知，不久之后，布伦达——“音乐宇航员”——变
得非常有名。可见，布伦达是一位真正的音乐宇航员。故选D。
【20题详解】
句意：多年以后，当人们问她是如何做到这一切的，她想了一会儿说：“如果那些隔壁的老人对我来说不
是那么重要，我就不会费这么大的劲去寻找解决办法，这一切也就不会发生了。”
show展示；matter事关紧要；consider考虑；support支持。根据“To be good enough to play in a band,
Brenda had to practice a lot, but she lived next door to a lot of old people—many of them liked living in the quiet
place. She knew that the sound of beating drums would really make them feel nervous. ”可知，为了在乐队里演
奏得足够好，布伦达必须大量练习，但她住在很多老人的隔壁——他们中的许多人都喜欢住在安静的地方。
她知道鼓声真的会让他们感到紧张。可见，如果那些隔壁的老人不是那么重要，她就不会费这么大的劲去
寻找解决办法。故选B。
三 、阅读理解(每题2分, 共26分)
阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容, 从短文中或短文后各题所给的选项中, 选择最佳选项。
A
Read the problems (1-3) and match them with the replies (A-C).
A
It isn’t impossible but you DO have to get started NOW. Make a
I share a bedroom and a desk with my elder
study plan and follow the study time for each subject. Make a
sister.
plan for this week and then do the same for the weeks ahead. It’s
I’ve got exams in a week and I need to better to study for an hour or so a day than just once a week, all
review my lessons. But she is too noisy and day. Your brain needs time to remember the information.
I can’t focus on my lessons when she’s
studying too. The desk is always messy, so I
can’t find anything. Can you help me?
___21___
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司B
Your problem isn’t silly at all! It’s very common and lots of
people experience the same thing as you. You can join a study
My problem is time— or lack(缺乏) of it!
group to study together. Take turns to give presentations(展示)
Next month I’ve got 3 exams in three weeks.
and teach others what you know. It’s called “peer teaching” and
How can I possibly study for all of them?
it is a good way to improve yourself.
It’s too hard for me. I think it’s impossible to
finish all the things. Can you help me?
___22___
C
Why don’t you discuss with your sister so that you can use the
My problem is silly and a bit
desk at different times? Or maybe you can study at the local
embarrassing(令人尴尬 的). I just find it
library or cultural centre for a few days this week. Put your own
hard to study. I always stop and start,
things in your drawer, and ask your sister to do so It can help
sometimes I think I’m learning the wrong
you find your things easily.
things. I don’t know what to do. I don’t
think you can really help me.
___23___
【答案】21. C 22. A
23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了三个学生遇到的学习的问题和困扰以及对应的解决建议。
【21题详解】
根据“But she is too noisy and I can’t focus on my lessons when she’s studying too. The desk is always messy, so I
can’t find anything.”可知姐妹共用一张桌子，但是姐姐/妹妹太吵了，当她学习时，我也无法专注于我的课
程。桌子总是乱七八糟的，所以我什么也找不到。选项C“你为什么不和你妹妹讨论一下，这样你就可以在
不同的时间使用桌子？或者，本周您可以在当地图书馆或文化中心学习几天。把自己的东西放在抽屉里，
让姐姐也这样做，可以帮助你轻松找到你的东西”符合。故选C。
【22题详解】
根据“How can I possibly study for all of them? It’s too hard for me. I think it’s impossible to finish all the
things.”可知我怎么可能学习所有科目？这对我来说太难了。我认为不可能完成所有的事情。选项A“制定
学习计划并遵循每个科目的学习时间。为本周制定一个计划，然后为未来几周做同样的事情。每天学习一
个小时左右比每周一整天学习一次要好”符合。故选A。
【23题详解】
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司根据“My problem is silly and a bit embarrassing(令人尴尬的). I just find it hard to study. I always stop and start,
sometimes I think I’m learning the wrong things. I don’t know what to do.”可知我的问题很愚蠢，有点尴尬。我
只是觉得很难学习。我总是停下来和开始，有时我认为我学错了东西。我不知道该怎么办。选项B“你的问
题一点也不傻！这是很常见的，很多人和你有同样的事情。您可以加入学习小组一起学习。轮流做演讲并
教别人你所知道的”符合。故选B。
B
Alice and Betty were best friends. They had known each other since Betty moved here in the 2nd grade. They
hung out almost every day after school.
They were very different people. Alice did great with her schoolwork, read quietly and took ballet classes.
Betty, on the other hand, would rather play soccer, chat with other kids at school and hardly sat still for long enough
to finish reading a book. Often, Alice and Betty would play together at the park across the street. They’d play on the
sports equipment or play soccer. Sometimes they could not agree on what to do. “Come on, let’s play on the
equipment. We’ve played soccer for the last three days!” Alice said. “I love playing soccer. I don’t want to play on
the equipment.” Betty replied. “We always do what you want to do, Betty, it’s my turn to choose.”Alice was getting
frustrated. “Fine, go to play on the equipment by yourself, I’m playing soccer!” Betty shouted. Alice left angrily.
When she got home, Alice realized she still had Betty’s notebook. “Well, I’m not giving it back today. I’m too
mad at her.”Alice thought. The next day at school, their teacher asked for their notebooks. Betty didn’t have hers
and their teacher Mrs. Stone was angry with her. Betty looked sad and walked quietly back to her desk.
Alice knew she should tell Mrs. Stone that she had the notebook, but she was still mad at Betty. When it was
time for lunch, Alice came back to talk with Mrs. Stone. “Mrs. Stone, I have Betty’s notebook. I should have said
something earlier, but we had a problem yesterday, and I’m still mad at her. Could you help us solve our problem?”
Alice asked.
,
“Thank you for being honest Alice. I’m sure Betty will be happy that you give me her notebook. I’m
glad you asked for help in solving the problem.”
After class, Mrs. Stone sat and talked with the girls. Mrs. Stone helped them realize that maybe they didn’t
have to play together every day. They decided to just play together a couple of times a week, and take turns picking
the activity. They were very happy to solve the problem.
24. What do we know about Alice and Betty?
A. They had different hobbies. B. They liked doing the same activities.
C. Betty was a quiet girl but Alice was active. D. Both of them loved reading and playing soccer.
25. Alice was angry because ________.
A. Betty didn’t want to play soccer with her
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司B. Betty didn’t care about her feelings
C. she couldn’t find her notebook at home
D. her friend took away her notebook by mistake
26. They would probably ________ after talking with Mrs. Stone.
A. respect their parents’ suggestions B. have ballet classes together
C. play soccer together every day D. take turns making decisions
.
【答案】24 A 25. B 26. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Alice和Betty是好朋友，但两人闹了矛盾，在和老师Mrs. Stone
沟通后，她们采纳了老师的建议，并重归于好。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“They were very different people. Alice did great with her schoolwork, read quietly
and took ballet classes. Betty, on the other hand, would rather play soccer, chat with other kids at school and hardly
sat still for long enough to finish reading a book.”可知，Alice和Betty有不同的爱好与习惯。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“We always do what you want to do, Betty, it’s my turn to choose.”可知，Betty不关
心Alice的感受。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据“They decided to just play together a couple of times a week, and take turns picking the
activity. They were very happy to solve the problem.” 可知，她们决定每周一起玩几次，轮流选择活动。故选
D。
C
When you tell the truth, your brain doesn’t have to do anything out of the ordinary. But lying takes much more
work. Science shows why lying can be hard on more than just your conscience(良知). It can also impair(减弱) how
well you can think.
Imagine you are late for class and you decide to lie. Now you have to come up with a reason or make a story.
If your teacher asks questions, you must quickly decide how to respond.
So you say: “I had to stop by the library and pick up a book.”
Your teacher asks: “The book I assigned (布置的) last week?”
Immediately, you must decide how to respond—and quickly. If you say yes, the teacher might ask to see the
book. Or she might expect you to read from it in class. So, you have to imagine these possibilities. So you might
say: “No. It was a different book” In this situation, you must figure out (想出) what you need to say to keep this
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司whole lie from falling apart.
When you are lying, you give your brain a ton of extra work. A lot of that work is done in the prefrontal cortex
(前额皮质). It’s the part of the brain in charge of working memory. And it keeps things in mind for a short while.
The prefrontal cortex also plays a role in other mental skills. Some examples are planning, problem-solving and
self-control. Scientists call these skills “executive function” (执行功能). You use your executive function in many
ways when you lie. You might use self-control, for example. It stops you from blurting out (脱口而出) the truth.
Calling on your executive function uses up a lot of brain power. There’s less left over for other things. The
brain is obtuse when it switches (转换) between lying and truth-telling. It also makes more mistakes.
Victoria Talwar studies lying in children and she says that there are things people can do to encourage honesty.
Young people want to make others feel good, so finding ways to support their friends while still being truthful is
one strategy. “When people’s friends are truthful with them,” she says, “it creates a culture of honesty among
them.” she argues, “it will build stronger friendships.”She adds that it’s more important to reward people for telling
the truth.
Telling important truths can be hard. She says sharing those truths feels good.
27. When people are lying, they have to ________.
A. figure out what extra work they need to prepare
B. find enough time to decide how to respond to others
C. avoid using the executive function to tell the truth
D. imagine possible answers to keep the lie from falling apart
28. The word “obtuse” in Paragraph 6 probably means ________.
A. clear B. quick C. slow D. relaxed
29. The passage is mainly about ________.
A. how much extra work your brain can afford
B. why telling lies will steal people’s brain power
C. why telling lies is a matter of conscience
D. how a culture of honesty builds stronger friendships
【答案】27. D 28. C 29. B
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了人们撒谎的时候，与说真话相比，大脑需要做大量的工作，这会对大脑有所影响，
因此我们应该讲真话。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段的“In this situation, you must figure out (想出) what you need to say to keep this
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司whole lie from falling apart.”可知在这种情况下，你必须弄清楚你需要说什么来防止整个谎言分崩离析。选
项D符合。故选D。
【28题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第六段的“Calling on your executive function uses up a lot of brain power. There’s less left
over for other things. The brain is obtuse when it switches (转换) between lying and truth-telling.”可知调用你的
执行功能会消耗大量的脑力。其他事情的剩余脑力更少。当大脑在说谎和讲真话之间切换时，它是……的，
因为消耗脑力大，因此会慢下来。故选C。
【29题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了人们撒谎的时候，与说真话相比，大脑需要做大量的工作，
这会对大脑有所影响，选项B“为什么说谎会偷走人们的脑力”符合。故选B。
D
Think back to when you were in a classroom, maybe a maths classroom and the teacher set a difficult problem.
Which of the two following responses is closer to the way you reacted?
A: Oh no, this is too hard for me. I’m not even going to seriously try and work it out.
B: Ah, this is quite hard but I like to push myself. Even if I don’t get the answer right, maybe I’ll learn
something in the attempt (尝试).
Early in her career, the psychologist Carol Dweck of Stanford University gave a group of ten-year-olds
problems that were slightly too hard for them. One group reacted positively said they loved challenge and
understood that their abilities could be developed. She said they had a “growth mindset” and focused on what they
could achieve in the future. But another group of children felt that their intelligence was being judged and they had
failed. They had a “fixed mindset” and were unable to imagine improving. These students even looked for someone
who had done worse than them to boost (提升) their self-esteem (自尊). Professor Dweck believes that there is a
problem in education at the moment. For years, children have been praised for their intelligence or talent, but thus
makes them vulnerable (脆弱的) to failure. They want to please by getting high grades, but they are not necessarily
interested in learning for its own sake (目的). The solution, according to Dweck, is to praise the process that
children are engaged (忙于) in making an effort, using learning strategies, persevering (坚持) and improving. This
way they will become mastery-oriented (interested in getting better at something) and will achieve more. She thinks
that keeping working hard over time is the key to outstanding achievement.
Psychologists have been testing these theories. Students were taught that if they left their comfort zone and
learned something new and difficult, the neurons (神经元) in their brains would form stronger connections, making
them more intelligent. These students made faster progress than a control group. In another study, some under-
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司performing school children were exposed (接触) to growth mindset skills for a year. The results were surprising.
They came top in tests, beating children from much more better schools. These children had previously (以前) felt
that making an effort was a sign of stupidity, but they came to see it as the key to learning.
So, back to our original question. If you answered B, well done —you already have a growth mindset. If A,
don’t worry, everyone can become mastery-oriented with a little effort and self-awareness.
30. A growth mindset person is the one who ________.
A. focuses on what he has achieved at present
B. faces challenges positively to help himself grow
C. looks for someone who did worse than him
D. is unwilling to experience what he doesn’t know
31. What can we learn from Professor Dweck’s study?
A. Praising children for their intelligence has a positive influence on learning.
B. A person with a fixed mindset can easily improve himself in his comfort zone.
C. Intelligence or talent is the key to people’s outstanding achievement.
D. Guiding students to focus on learning process can help them achieve more.
32. The writer would agree that ________.
A. testing students often can make them more intelligent
B. keeping working hard makes people vulnerable to failure
C. practicing growth mindset skills helps students get improvement
D. staying in the comfort zone is a good way to boost students’ self-esteem
33. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage?
A. To encourage people to develop a growth mindset.
B. To explain a scientific experiment about intelligence.
C. To discuss what the true meaning of achievement is.
D. To compare the differences between growth mindset and fixed mindset.
【答案】30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了具有成长心态的积极作用和鼓励人们养成成长心态。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“One group reacted positively said they loved challenge and understood that their
abilities could be developed. She said they had a “growth mindset” and focused on what they could achieve in the
future.” 可知，一个成长心态的人积极地面对挑战，相信自己的能力可以得到发展。故选B。
【31题详解】
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司推理判断题。根据第四段“The solution, according to Dweck, is to praise the process that children are engaged
(忙于) in making an effort, using learning strategies, persevering (坚持 ) and improving. This way they will
become mastery-oriented (interested in getting better at something) and will achieve more.” 可知，引导学生专注
于学习过程可以帮助他们取得更多成就。故选D。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“In another study, some under-performing school children were exposed (接触)
to growth mindset skills for a year. The results were surprising. They came top in tests, beating children from much
more better schools.” 可知，练习成长心态技能有助于学生进步。故选C。
【33题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“So, back to our original question. If you answered B, well done —you already have
a growth mindset. If A, don’t worry, everyone can become mastery-oriented with a little effort and self-awareness.”
可知，具有成长心态很好，如果没有，只要付出一点努力和自我意识，每个人都可以变得精通。所以作者
的目的是鼓励人们养成成长心态。故选A。
第二部分
本部分共5题, 共20分。根据题目要求, 完成相应任务。
四、阅读表达(34-36小题每题2分, 37题4分, 共10分)
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Gardening as part of the school curriculum (课程) began in the United States in the early 1900s and school
gardening has become very popular during these years. Parents and teachers say these hands-on lessons can be used
to teach many subjects.
Susan Hobart is a school teacher at Lake View Elementary School in Madison. She and her students look after
the school’s large garden with 12 raised beds.
“Gardens are a great way to get kids outside with a purpose. With the school gardens, kids can get to see a
beginning, a middle and an end to their project. If they just sat at desks, they wouldn’t have this experience.”Hobart
said. She added that the gardens helped calm the kids and gave them a different viewpoint about soil and food.
“If we had to buy the seedlings, they’d cost $3 each and we could never afford that, ” Hobart says. “But there
are plenty of creative ways to find help. We found seeds and seedlings from local botanical gardens(植物园) and
our communities.”Each spring, the school’s children plant seeds and seedlings in the garden. Over the summer,
teachers and young children take care of the garden together.
Hobart says that gardens do not have to take up a large area outdoors. For schools without space for even a
small garden, turning to local botanical gardens and parks can sometimes be the answer.
In the school garden, teachers can teach students how to grow food and flowers. They can also teach science,
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司social studies and even art there. “Giving kids the opportunity to move outside, get their hands dirty, and find
worms, especially if their teachers are excited about it—that’s important,” Hobart said.
Finley, their headmaster, supports teaching city kids about seeds and growing. He aims to “change the culture
around food”. He remembered how amazing it was for his students to see “a seed becomes food”.
“Having a garden in a school is just as important as any other education,”Finley says. “The act of gardening
teaches you where our food source comes from and teaches you to have a feeling of great respect for soil. If kids
have a reverence(尊敬) for soil, they have a reverence for themselves and respect for this planet … Gardening is
not a hobby, it’s a life skill. I see this as one of the most valuable lessons of humanity.”
34. When did gardening begin as part of school curriculum in the United States?
______________________________________________________
35. Where did the students at Lake View Elementary School find seeds and seedlings?
______________________________________________________
36. What can teachers teach in the school garden?
______________________________________________________
37. What do you think of doing gardening in your school? Why? (至少给出2个理由)
______________________________________________________
【答案】34. In the early 1900s.
35. From local botanical gardens and their communities.
36. They can teach students how to grow food and flowers. They can also teach science, social studies and even art
there.
37. I think it’s necessary to do that. Because it can improve students’ hands-on ability and it also makes school
become more beautiful.
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了美国的园艺课程以及老师学校对它的看法。
【34题详解】
根据“Gardening as part of the school curriculum (课程)began in the United States in the early 1900s”可知，在二
十世纪初，美国就开始了园艺课程，故填In the early 1900s.
【35题详解】
根据“We found seeds and seedlings from local botanical gardens(植物园)and our communities.”可知，他们的
种子来自当地的植物园和社区，故填From local botanical gardens and their communities.
【36题详解】
根据“In the school garden, teachers can teach students how to grow food and flowers. They can also teach
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司science, social studies and even art there.”可知，老师可以教他们怎样种植食物和花，还可以教他们其他科目，
故填They can teach students how to grow food and flowers. They can also teach science, social studies and even
art there.
【37题详解】
开放性作答，结合自己的想法，言之有理即可。参考答案为I think it’s necessary to do that. Because it can
improve students’ hands-on ability and it also makes school become more beautiful.
五、文段表达(10分)
从下面两个题目中任选一题, 根据所给提示, 完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已
给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
38. 假如你是李华，你们学校一直倡导“环保生活，从我做起”，你的笔友Peter的学校也要举办相同
的环保活动。请用英文写一封信，谈谈你对绿色生活的看法以及你建议他如何践行绿色生活。
要求：根据所给提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词
语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
提示词语： important, protect the environment, save, reuse, recycle
提示问题：
What do you think of green life?
What do you advise Peter to do?
Dear Peter,
How is it going?
I’m writing to tell you something about green life.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
______________
I’m looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】例文
Dear Peter,
How is it going?
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司I’m writing to tell you something about green life.
Green life style is very important because it can help us to protect our environment. I think everyone should do
something for the environment. You should turn off lights before leaving to save electricity. You can use both sides
of paper to save paper. You can recycle old books and give them to the children in need. You can also start an
Environmental Club at your school. It is a great way to help students take care of the earth and help your
community.
I’m looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【详解】［总体分析］
①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为材料作文；
②时态：本文为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作已给出两个主要方向：你对绿色生活的看法以及建议如何践行绿色生活，还有一些提示词语：
important, protectthe environment, save, reuse, recycle据此来写作，可以有适当增加，注意保持主谓一致性，
无语法和标点错误。
［写作步骤］
第一步，表明写作主题。以“绿色生活很重要可以保护环境”来引出重点介绍的内容；
第二步，具体阐述写作内容。写出你应该为环保做些事情：离开前关灯、使用纸的两面、回收旧书、创办
环保俱乐部等。
第三步，书写结语。绿色生活可以帮助学生照顾好地球，帮助你的社区。
［亮点词汇］
① electricity电
② recycle回收利用
③ environmental环境的
④community社区，社会（团体）
［高分句型］
① You should turn off lights before leaving to save electricity. (这里before是介词后接doing形式)
②It is a great way to help students take care of the earth and help your community. (这里使用It is n. to do sth.句
型中It是形式主语，后面to help students take care of the earth and help your community是真正的主语)
39. 某英文网站正在开展以“好习惯是开启成功之门的金钥匙”为主题的征文活动。 假如你是李华，请
用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你的好习惯是什么，你是如何保持这个好习惯的以及取得了哪些效果。
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司要求：根据所给提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词
语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
提示词语：a good habit, keep doing, improve, progress
提示问题：
What is your good habit?
How do you keep your good habit?
What have you achieved?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
______________
【答案】例文：
As we all know, everyone has his own habits. Good habits are important in our lives. They can influence us in
many ways. I think that good habits make me better.
One of my good habits is going to bed early. I used to go to bed very late and I felt tired and sleepy the next
day. I even couldn’t pay attention to what my teachers said in classes. Later, my mother asked me to go to bed
before 11 o’clock at night. And little by little, I have developed this habit. Now I go to bed before 11 o’clock every
night.
Going to bed early makes me get up early. What’s more, I feel more energetic and I can do things much better.
【解析】
【详解】[总体分析]
① 题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
② 时态：时态以“一般现在时”和“一般过去时”为主；
③ 提示：写作的提示已给出，考生应按照所给出的有关于“好习惯”的提示去写作，注意正确拼写单词，
避免出现语法错误。
[写作步骤]
第一步，讲述“好习惯”的重要性，以引出下文中关于“好习惯”的重要内容；
第二步，介绍自己的好习惯及其形成过程，并讲述自己如何保持这个好习惯；
第三步，讲述好习惯所带来的效果或益处。
[亮点词汇]
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司① as we all know 众所周知
② one of... ……之一
③ pay attention to 注意
④ little by little 逐渐地
⑤ what’s more 而且，另外，更重要的是
[高分句型]
① I think that good habits make me better.（that引导宾语从句）
② I used to go to bed very late and I felt tired and sleepy the next day.（“sb. used to do sth.”句型）
③ Going to bed early makes me get up early.（动名词作主语）
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司
