文档内容
【复习卡】
10 名词性从句
种类 关联词 例 句 说 明
That he will come and help you is certain. that在引导主语从句时不可省去
that
他来帮助你是确实无疑的。
连
Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting 主语从句中只能用whether不可用if。
词
whether question.
主
月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。
who What he wants to tell us is not clear.
语
连接 what 他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。 主语从句放在句首，句子常显得笨重，因
代词 which Who will win the match is still unknown. 此一般
从
whatever 谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。
It is known to us how he became a writer. 把它移到句子后面，前面用引导词“it”
句 when
我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。 来作形式主语。
连接 where
Where the English evening will be held has not yet
副词 why
been announced. 英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有
how
宣布。
I believe(that) he is honest. 我相信他是忠诚的。 that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非
We must never think(that) we are good in everything 正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列
陈述
that while others are good in nothing. 句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。
意义
我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不
好。
I wonder whether he will come or not. whether 常与 or not 连用，不能用 if 代
我想知道他来还是不来。 替。
Everything depends on whether we have enough 作介词宾语要用whether不能用if。
money. 从句是否定句时一般用if引导。
疑问 if
一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。
意义 whether
I don’t know if(whether) it is interesting.
我不知道它是否有意思。
He doesn’t care if it isn’t a fine day.他不在乎天气是
宾
否好。
语
who, whom, Please tell me what you want.请告诉我你需要什
从
which,whose, 么？
句
特殊 what, when, She always thinks of how she can work well.
宾语从句作及物动词宾语也可做介词的宾
疑问 where, why, 她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
语。
意义 how,whoever, She will give whoever needs help a warm support.
whatever, 凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。
whichever
We must make it clear that anyone who
如果宾语从句后面有宾语补足语，则用 it作形式breaks the law will be punished.
注1
宾语，将从句后置。 我们必须认清无论谁违反了法律都要受到
惩罚。
think,believe,imagine,suppose等动词引出的宾语从 We don’t think you are right. 我们认为你
句，要将从句中的否定形式，移到主句中。 不对。
注2
I don’t believe he will do so. 我相信他不会
这样做的。
表 that The problem is(that) they can’t get here early enough. 在非正式的文体中that可以省去
语 连词 whether 问题是他们不能很早到达这里。
从 as if It looks as if it’s going to rain.看起来天要下雨。That’s just what I want. 这正是我想要的。
who
连接 The question is who(which of you) will be the next
what
代词 speaker.
which
问题是谁（你们哪一位）接着发言。
句
when This is where our problem lies.
连接 where 这就是我们的问题所在。 表语从句位于主句系动词之后
副词 why That is why he didn’t come to the meeting.
how 那就是他为什么不到会的原因。
The news that he had landed on the moon spread all 同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内
over the world.他曾在月球上登陆这个消息传遍世 容，常用的名词如：fact, news, idea, hope,
界。 thought,question, order, fear, doubt, word,
同 I have no idea when he will come back home. proof， belief, story等。
由连词that引导，
位 我不知道他什么时候回来。
不担任成分，也可
语 The thought came to him that Mary had probably
有when, how,
从 fallen ill.
where等引导。
句 他想到可能玛丽生病了。
He must answer the question whether he agrees to it
or not.
他必须回答他是否同意此事这样一个问题。
特别注意what的双重功能：
①What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality．
( what 为“所……的事”，相当于“ the thing that… ； all that… ； everything that… ”)
②After ________ seemed a very long time，I opened my eye and found myself in bed．（M ET'93）
A.what B.when C.that D.which
( what 相当于“ the time that” ，表示“……时间 ”)
③He is not what he was a few years ago. Who is it that has made Fred what he is now？
( what 表示“……的人”，相当于“ the person that… ”)
④What is now the North Sahara Desert was once a civilized world．
( what 表示“……的地方”，相当于“ the place that… ”)
⑤Our income is now double what it was ten years ago
( what 表示“……的数目”，相当于“ the amount ／ number that… ”)
