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【复习卡】
11 状语从句
种 从属连词 例 句 说 明
类
When I came into the room, he was writing a letter. when 指的是“某一具体的时
When 当我进屋时，他正在写信。 间”
whenever We shall go there whenever we are free.我们什么whenever指的是“在任何时间”
时间有空，我们就去那里。
I was walking along the street when suddenly when意为“这时”或“在那个
someone patted me on the shoulder from behind.我时候”,可以看作是并列句,这种
when
正在街上走着，这时忽然有人从后面拍我的肩 用法的 when 分句一般位于句
膀。 末。
While it was raining, they went out.天下雨的时while指“在某一段时间里”，
while 候，他们出去了。 “在…期间”，while引导的动
I stayed while he was away.他不在的时候我在。 作必须是持续性的
He hurried home, looking behind as he went. as引导持续性动作，强调主句和
as
他赶快回家，不时地一边走一边向后看。 从句的动作同时发生
Be a pupil before you become a teacher.先做学
before
生，再做先生。
He arrived after the game started.比赛开始后，他
after
到了。
We waited till (until)he came back .我们一直等到如主句动词是持续性动作，常用
till
他回来。 肯定式，表示“直到…为止”
时
She didn’t stop working until eleven o’clock .她到如主句动词是瞬间动词，常用否
间
11点钟才停止工作。 定式，表示“直…才”“在…以
状 until
Until he had passed out of sight, she stood there. 前不”,从句放在句首表示强调，
从
她站在那里看着，直到看不见他的身影。 一般用until
Great changes have taken place in China since 状语从句在主句之前时一般用逗
since 1978. 号与主句分开，如从句在主句之
自从1978年以来中国发生了巨大的变化。 后则不必用标点符号。
as soon as As soon as I arrive in Shanghai, I’ll write to you.我
一到上海就给你写信。
I had hardly got home when it began to rain. hardly…when 和 no sooner…than
我刚一到家，就下雨了。=Hardly had I got home 的意义相当于 as soon as,但只表
when it began to rain. 示过去发生的事情，主句为过去
hardly…when
No sooner had we got to the station than the train 完成时，从句为过去时，如
left. hardly或no sooner位于句首时语
no sooner…than
我们刚到车站，火车就走了。 气强，而且主句的谓语要用部分
Hardly had we begun when we were told to stop.我倒装
们刚开始就被叫停。
Every time I travelled by boat, I got seasick.我每次在时间状语从句中，不能用将来
乘船都晕船。 时或过去将来时，而要用现在时
every time, by the The moment I heard the song, I felt cheerful. 或过去时代替将来时
time, the moment等 我一听到这首歌，就感到很愉快。
Next time you come ,you’ll see him.下次你来的时
候，就会见到他。
地 Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟 where 与 wherever 意义基本相
where
点 成。 同，但后者语气较强，多用于书
状 Where there is water there is life.哪里有水，哪里面语
wherever
从 就有生命。You are free to go wherever you like.你可以随意
到你喜欢的任何地方去。
Wherever you go, you must obey the law.无论你去
哪都要遵守法律。
I came back late yesterday because I was on duty. because用来回答why 的问题，
because
昨天我回来晚了，因为我值班。 语气最强
Since everyone is here, let’s begin our meeting.既since表示既然或全已知的理由,
since 然大家都到了，我们开始开会。 稍加分析即可表明的原因,多放句
首
As he didn’t know much English, he looked up the 从句常放在句首，说明原因，主
原
word in the dictionary . 句说明结果，常用于口语中。
因 as
由于他英语懂得不多，他在字典中查阅这个单
状
词。
从
Now (that) the weather has cleared up, we can start seeing (that), now that 和since, as
our journey. 意义相似，他们都有“鉴于某个
鉴于天气已经晴朗，我们可以启程了。 事实”的意思，that可以省去
now that, seeing that
Seeing (that) he was badly ill, we sent for the
doctor.
鉴于他病情严重，我们派人去请医生去了。
I shall write down your telephone number that I 目的状语从句中常用情态动词
may not forget. may (might) can (could) ,should
我要把你的电话号码记下来，以免忘记。 等放在动词之前，从句往往放在
that
We’ll tell you the truth so that you can judge for 主句之后，主从句之间不用任何
目
yourself. 标点符号
的 so that
我把真实情况告诉你，使你能自己作出判断。
状
They worked harder than usual in order that they
从 in order that
could finish the work ahead of time .他们比往常更
加努力工作，为了能提前完成工作。
lest = for fear that
Put on more clothes lest (= for fear that ) you
should catch cold.
多穿点衣服，以免感冒。
We turned up the radio, so that everyone heard the so that前有逗号为结果状语从句
news. so…that的so后面跟形容词或副
so that
我们把收音机的音量放大，大家都听到了新 词
闻。
so…that
He was so excited that he couldn’t say a word.
结 他十分激动，以致一句话都说不出来。
果 He gave such important reasons that he was such…that的such后面跟名词，
状 excused. 如果名词是单数就要用 such a
从 他说出了这么重要的理由，得到大家的谅解。 /an…that 还可以 转换 用 so…
such…that
It is such an interesting novel that all of us want to that，语气较强
read it.
It is so interesting a novel that all of us want to read
it.
这是一本十分有趣的书，大家都想看。
Difficulties are nothing if we are not afraid of them. unless 从句的谓语只能用肯定
如果我们不怕困难，困难就算不了什么了。 式 。 unless 和 if… not 同 义 ，
if We shall go there tomorrow unless it rains.除非下unless 是书面语，if…not 是口
条 雨，我们明天就去那里。 语，通常二者可以换用
件 unless = We shall go there tomorrow if it doesn’t rain. 条件状语从句中的谓语动词的时
状 So/As long as you work hard, you will succeed. 态一般要用现在时或过去时代替
从 as/so long as 只要你努力工作，你就一定能成功。 一般将来时或过去将来时
in case In case I forget, please remind me about it .万一我
so far as 忘了，请提醒我一下。
So far as I know, the book will be published next
month.据我所知，那本书下月出版。
as Draw a cat as I taught you .按照我教你的画一只此处as译为：按照或正如
猫。 as if或as though的意义和用法基
as if… Do as you are told.按照人家告诉你做的去做。 本一样。从句中可以用现在时表
方
as though She looks as if she is ill.看上去她好象是生病了。 示可能符合事实，也可以用虚拟
式
He acted as if (though) nothing had happened.他的语气
状
行动就好象什么也没有发生。
从
They treat the black boy as if (though) he were an
animal.
他们对待这黑孩子仿佛他是一头牲口。
Although (Though) he was over sixty, (yet) he 在句子中一般用了“虽然”就不
began to learn French. 能再用“但是”（but）但可以与
although 虽然他六十多岁了，但仍开始学习法语 。 yet 或 still 连 用 。 though /
though We were not tired though (although) we had although意义相同，用法基本一
worked all day. 样，前者通俗，口语化，后者正
虽然我们干了一天活，但并不累。 式多放主句的前面
I’ll go even if (though) it rains tomorrow.即使明天even if 和even though 的意思为
even if,even though 下雨，我也要去。 “即使”“纵使”有退一步设想
的意味，多用于书面语中
Child as he is , he knows a lot .虽然他是一个孩as 引出的状语从句多用于书面
子，但他懂得很多。 语，它比用
让 as Cold as it is, (= Though it is cold,)the children play though或although引导的从句，
步 outdoors. 语气强，更有表现力，从句常放
状 虽然天气冷，但孩子们仍在户外玩。 在句首，语序部分倒装。
从 Do it no matter what others say.不管别人怎么说,no matter……与 who-ever引导的
尽管干。 让步状语从句意义基本一 样，
No matter how busy he was, he studied English no matter……引导的从句可是以
no matter (who,
every day. 位于主句前或主句后
what when, where
不管他多忙，他都每天坚持学习英语。
which, how…)
No matter who takes up the matter for me ,I shall
be very grateful.
不管谁为我处理这件事，我都将非常感激。
Whatever happens / may happen , we shall not lose
wh+ever (whatever
heart.
whoever ,whenever
无论发生什么，我们都不要失去信心。
whichever ,however
Whoever comes, he will be welcome.无论谁来，
)
都会受到欢迎。
Mary is as old as my sister.玛利和我姐姐一样连词表示同程度级的比较，肯定
大。 句用as…as否定句可用 not as…
as…as , He doesn’t run so (as) fast as Jack (does).他不如杰as 或not so…as
not so/as…as 克跑得那样快。
the same…as His book is the same as mine.他的书和我的一
比
such…as 样。
较
Henry is not such a good worker as Peter .享利这
状
个工人不如彼得那样好。
从
She has made greater progress this year than she
did last year.
…than… 她今年比去年进步更大。
He bought fewer books than I (did).他买的书比我
买的少。The more you read, the better you understand.你看the more…the more 意思为越…
的书越多，你懂得的就越多。 越…，通常的语序为从句在前主
The more tickets you sell, the more money you will 句在后，这两个the都是表示程
get. 度的副词，用在比较级的形容词
the more 你卖的票越多，你的收入也越多。 或副词前面
…the more… The harder you work, the greater progress you will
make.
你工作越努力，你取得的进步就越大。
The sooner, the better.越快越好。The warmer, the
better.越暖和越好。
