文档内容
第 2 讲 解题技法指导
技法一 审题谋篇四步法
(2022·全国甲)
你校将以六月八日世界海洋日为主题，举办英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿。内容
包括：
1．海洋的重要性；
2．保护海洋的倡议。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．短文的题目和首句已为你写好。
Our Oceans，Our Responsibility
June 8th was officially named by the UN in 2009 as World Oceans Day.
第一步 审题立意 布局谋篇
体裁 投稿短文
时态 一般现在时
人称 第三人称
结构 三段
1.开头提出话题。
要点 2.中间写海洋的重要性和如何保护海洋。
3.最后发出倡议。
第二步 核心内容 逐一盘点
第一段——提出话题
1．当说到海洋时，它的污染正变得越来越严重。
When it comes to the ocean ， its pollution is becoming more and more serious.
第二段——海洋的重要性和保护海洋的倡议
2．海洋在世界上起着关键性的作用。
The ocean plays a key role in our world.
3．海洋向我们提供充足的食物并维持着自然的平衡。
The ocean offers us sufficient food and maintains the balance of nature.
4．我们不能把垃圾扔进海洋。
We can ’ t throw garbage into the ocean .
5．我们也可以分发传单来号召更多的人保护海洋。
We can also hand out leaflets to call on more people to protect the ocean.6．如果更多的人参与，海洋环境就会更好了。
If more people are involved，the ocean environment will be better.
第三段——发出倡议
7．早该到了我们致力于保护海洋的时候了。
It is high time that we devoted/should devote ourselves to protecting the ocean.
8．保护海洋就是保护我们自己。
To protect the ocean is to protect ourselves.
第三步 斟词酌句 润色升级
1．用not only...but also...改写第3句话。
Not only does the ocean offer us sufficient food ， but it also maintains the balance of nature.
2．把第4句话改为被动语态。
Garbage can ’ t be thrown into the ocean .
3．把第6句话改为“the more...，the more...”结构。
The more people are involved ， the better the ocean environment is .
第四步 巧妙衔接 完美成篇
Our Oceans ， Our Responsibility
June 8th was officially named by the UN in 2009 as World Oceans Day.When it comes to the
ocean，its pollution is becoming more and more serious.World Oceans Day is aimed at raising
awareness of ocean conservation.
The ocean plays a key role in our world.Not only does the ocean offer us sufficient food，but
it also maintains the balance of nature.Thus，it is imperative to protect the ocean.First of all，what
we can do is place importance on our daily actions.For example，garbage can’t be thrown into
the ocean.What’s more，we can also hand out leaflets to call on more people to protect the
ocean.The more people are involved，the better the ocean environment is.
All in all，it is high time that we devoted ourselves to protecting the ocean.To protect the
ocean is to protect ourselves.
技法二 规避常见的五种错误
典例示范
错误句子 改错
常见错误
(缺)There are many students There are many students
support it. who/that support it.
句子成分残缺或多余
(多)We reached to school at We reached school at 6∶ 00
6∶00 am. am.
The children was very happy. The children were very happy.
主谓不一致 You can read the books which is You can read the books which
on the shelf. are on the shelf.The exhibition will hold next The exhibition will be held next
weekend. weekend.
时态、语态错误
Yesterday I witnessed an
Yesterday I witness an accident.
accident.
Honest is the best policy. Honesty is the best policy.
Paper cutting is a tradition Paper cutting is a traditional
词性不分 Chinese art. Chinese art.
I finally through the exam after I finally got through the exam
several attempts. after several attempts.
I very like his classes. I like his classes very much.
My father bought me a Mo Yan My father bought me a book
中式英语
writing book. written by Mo Yan.
The trees very tall. The trees are very tall.
技法三 亮化词汇三原则
根据高考书面表达的评分标准，应用词汇的丰富性和准确性是作文能否取得高分的一条
重要的标准。所以，在词汇的亮化上应遵循以下三个原则：
原则1 求新求变
同样意义的词语，要根据语境使用最新学过的而不是小学初中学过的词汇。如果同样的
意义重复出现，要使用不同的表达方式。如：
1．Not only does the ocean offer us enough food，but it also maintains the balance of
nature.Thus，it is very important to protect the ocean.(2022·全国甲)
→Not only does the ocean offer us sufficient food，but it also maintains the balance of
nature.Thus，it is imperative to protect the ocean.
2．When feeling sad，I often choose to enjoy the novel part which includes a lot of good
stories.(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)
→When feeling depressed，I often choose to enjoy the novel part which includes a lot of
imaginative stories.
3．With the wide spread of the Internet，more and more people become online learners.(2021·
全国乙)
→With the wide spread of the Internet，an increasing number of people become online learners.
4．I am writing to ask you to help us with a play we adapted according to the text.(2020·全国
Ⅲ)
→I am writing in sincerity to ask you a favour regarding a play we adapted according to the
text.
5．For another，China has a long history and rich culture.It has always attracted people who
love anything about China.(2020·江苏)→For another，China enjoys a long history and rich culture.It has always been an attraction
for those who are keen on anything that is Chinese.
原则2 求准求精
写作时不一定每一句都要有复杂句式，有时准确使用一个单词就会让整个句子增色。
1．It can easily be seen that the percentage of students who choose listening to English songs and
watching English movies is partly 65% and 50%.(2022·全国乙)
→It can easily be seen that the percentage of students who choose listening to English songs and
watching English movies is respectively 65% and 50%.
2．In conclusion，we should find a way to study online better.(2021·全国乙)
→In conclusion，we should find a way to study online more efficiently.
3．His words of encouragement can still be remembered.(2020·全国Ⅰ)
→His words of encouragement still ring in my ears.
4．I am waiting for your early reply.(2021·全国甲)
→I am waiting for your early reply eagerly.
原则3 短语优先
恰当使用短语代替单词，不但可以增加词数，还有助于绕开不会表达的单词，使得行文
更加流畅。
1．I would appreciate it if you could consider my invitation.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)
→I would appreciate it if you could take my invitation into account.
2．In conclusion，we should know its advantages and disadvantages and find a proper way to
make our study more efficient.(2021·全国乙)
→In conclusion，we should have a good understanding of its advantages and disadvantages and
find a proper way to make our study more efficient.
3．In order to get more clicks，you’d better tell me which Chinese culture attracts westerners
most.(2021·全国甲)
→In order to get more clicks，you’d better tell me which Chinese culture holds the most
attraction for westerners.
4．The majority of people who were surveyed supported this idea.
→The majority of people who were surveyed were in favour of this idea.
技法四 美化句式四诀窍
诀窍1 三大从句各一
从句是丰富内容的有效手段。每一篇优秀作文，句式都应该多样。 所以在写作中，要
注意打造三种从句。
1．定语从句：It was at that festival that you shared so many interesting things about your
country，through which I learned a lot about your food，culture and history.(2022·浙江1月)
2．状语从句：It has been 10 years since Youth was founded and I began to read the newspaperwhen I was still a junior one student.(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)
3．名词性从句：What’s far more important is that we became good friends then.(2022·浙
江1月)
诀窍2 非谓语若干
非谓语的正确使用能体现出学生的语法功底，相比于从句，非谓语更加生动简洁。
(2020·全国Ⅱ)
Last weekend，my classmates and I took part in a farm picking(现在分词作定语) activity.
Surrounded(过去分词作状语) by green trees，the farm is located at the foot of the hill near
our school.There is a small river flowing(现在分词作定语) through the farm.While enjoying
being(动名词作宾语) close to nature，we began to help pick peaches covering(现在分词作定
语) every tree.We worked in pairs，one picking peaches and the other carefully putting them
into a big box(独立主格结构)．
Through participating(动名词作宾语) in this picking activity，I have become aware of the
significance of work.I am determined to study hard，to be a useful person to the country and
to contribute to the improvement of people’s lives(不定式作宾语)．
诀窍3 倒装强调可出现
特殊句型如倒装句、强调句和感叹句等可以使整篇文章句式更加丰富。
1．It is our daily actions that make a difference to protecting the ocean from being polluted.
(2022·全国甲)
2．So easily addicted to chatting online or playing games are they that they will forget to learn
English using them.(2022·全国乙)
3．From this activity，not only did we realize that building up our body is of great importance，
but we also learned more about “persistence leads to success”．(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)
4．On the way，exhausted as the participants were，they kept running until the finishing line.
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)
5．Such is my understanding about growing up.(2020·天津)
诀窍4 被动露露面
如果一篇文章全都是主动句而且主语一致，文章就会显得单调，适当使用被动句能够避
免这种情况。
1．First of all，what we can do is place importance on our daily actions.For example，we can’t
throw garbage into the ocean.(2022·全国甲)
→First of all，what we can do is place importance on our daily actions.For example，garbage
can’t be thrown into the ocean.
2．Because we will present this activity on the English website，I sincerely want you to offer me
some advice.(2021·全国甲)→Because this activity will be presented on the English website，I sincerely want you to offer
me some advice.
3．I wonder if you would like to give us some advice.We need to adjust the vocabulary and
grammar of the plot，and we also need your guidance on our performance.(2020·全国Ⅲ)
→I wonder if you would like to give us some advice.The vocabulary and grammar of the plot need
to be adjusted，and we also need your guidance on our performance.
技法五 衔接过渡四类型
衔接过渡词可以分为“启、承、转、合”四类。
1．用于“启”的过渡词语：as you know，as is shown in the...，first of all，for one thing，
above all，on the one hand，in a sense，to start with等。
①As far as I know，this exhibition will last for half a month in the school art gallery.(2021·浙江)
②First of all，what we can do is place importance on our daily actions.(2022·全国甲)
③For one thing，the overall development over the past decades has been so striking that they feel
eager to familiarize themselves with what is going on in China.(2020·江苏)
④First and foremost，the competition to be held in our school stadium will begin at 2 pm and
last for roughly 3 hours.(2019·全国Ⅱ)
2．用于“承”的过渡词语：secondly，also，in addition，for another thing，for this purpose，
furthermore，what is more，for example，in other words，in fact，at the same time，as a
result，therefore等。
①What’s more，if I want to decorate my website with some Chinese elements，what should I
do？(2021·全国甲)
②Therefore，I strongly recommend that all the students in our school should make use of their
spare time to enjoy these wonderful works carefully.(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)
③For another，China enjoys a long history and rich culture.(2020·江苏)
④Besides，the topic is about how to improve our spoken English.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)
⑤Furthermore，it is necessary for you to take a good rest，which will provide enough energy
for you.(2019·全国Ⅱ)
⑥Meanwhile，I’m also interested to learn some folk dances from you in your lecture，which
will help me improve my dancing.(2019·天津)
3．用于“转”的过渡词语：after all，but，however，on the contrary，in contrast，
otherwise，while，though，despite，in spite of，all the same，as a matter of fact等。
①However，those choosing reading English books and visiting English learning websites only
account for 18% and 12%.(2022·全国乙)
②On the way，although some students fell behind，they kept running until the finishing line.
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)4．用于“合”的过渡词语：in a word，generally speaking，at last，in short，in the end，in
conclusion，on the whole，in summary，to sum up等。
①Finally，you are welcome at any time to my house and be my guest.Congratulations again!
②To sum up，I wish you could live up to the expectations of our school.(2019·全国Ⅱ)
③In conclusion，the school uniforms are a better choice than the traditional Chinese dress for
such an occasion.(2019·江苏)
④All in all，it is high time that we devoted ourselves to protecting the ocean.To protect the ocean
is to protect ourselves.(2022·全国甲)
Ⅰ.升级句中加黑词汇
1．With the development of technology，more and more people are fond of online payment.
With the development of technology，an increasing number of people are fond of online payment.
2．Traditional cultures are very important in our country.
Traditional cultures are of great importance in our country.
3．As for me，I like school uniforms better than casual clothes.
As for me，I prefer school uniforms to casual clothes.
4．Qingdao lies in the east of Shandong Province.
Qingdao is situated/located in the east of Shandong Province.
5．Everyone must have experienced a moving moment，and I’d like to share mine with you.
Everyone must have experienced a touching moment，and I’d like to share mine with you.
6．I am writing to say thanks to you for your help.
I am writing to express my gratitude to you for your help.
7．Here is some advice，which I hope will be good for you.
Here is some advice，which I hope will be beneficial to you.
8．I am very happy to hear that you are coming to our city for a visit.
I am extremely delighted to hear that you are coming to our city for a visit.
Ⅱ.升级句式练习
1．The ceremony was scheduled to be held from 8∶00 am to 11∶00 am on June 8，and during
that time we reviewed the past events and watched some videos about the heroic deeds of our
schoolmates in the battle against COVID-19.(用定语从句改写)
→The ceremony was scheduled to be held from 8∶00 am to 11∶00 am on June 8，during which
we reviewed the past events and watched some videos about the heroic deeds of our schoolmates in
the battle against COVID-19.
2．An English oral competition was held this Monday and our class won the first prize in it.(用定
语从句改写)→Our class won the first prize in the English oral competition that/which was held this Monday.
3．Does your summer course offer accommodation？(用宾语从句改写)
→I wonder if/whether your summer course offers accommodation.
4．The students interested in the contest are required to sign up for it before July 3.(用主语从句改
写)
→It is required that the students interested in the contest (should) sign up for it before July 3.
5．You greet others actively，and you are more likely to make friends.(用状语从句改写)
→ If you greet others actively ， you are more likely to make friends .
6．We became exhausted halfway，but we managed to get to the finishing line.(用状语从句改写)
→ Although/Though/While we became exhausted halfway ， we managed to get to the finishing
line.
7．Whenever I meet with difficulty，my Chinese teacher gives me encouragement in time.(用强
调句改写)
→ It is my Chinese teacher that/who gives me encouragement whenever I meet with difficulty.
8．I am so anxious that I can’t sleep well before exams.(用倒装句改写)
→ So anxious am I that I can ’ t sleep well before exams .
9．The fruit farm lies at the foot of the Mount Yuhuangshan.(用倒装句改写)
→At the foot of the Mount Yuhuangshan lies the fruit farm.
10．We will hold the exhibition in the gallery hall of our school on Saturday afternoon.(用被动语
态改写)
→The exhibition will be held in the gallery hall of our school on Saturday afternoon.
Ⅲ.用适当的过渡词汇填空
A
Li Jiang and Su Hua are discussing what to wear when receiving the British students next
month.Li recommends the traditional Chinese dress 1.while Su prefers the school uniforms.
2．As for me/In my opinion，I would be happy to wear the traditional Chinese dress at the
welcome ceremony.3.For one thing/First of all，this is precisely what the British visitors are
expecting.They come to learn about Chinese culture with their own eyes.4.Therefore，their
Chinese peers in the typical Chinese dress would be highly impressive.The school uniforms are
fine ； 5.however ， they are not special enough to give a unique Chinese flavour.6.For
another/Secondly/Besides，the inconvenience is not a problem if our purpose is to share Chinese
culture.It is just the so-called inconvenience that displays the richness ， delicacy and great
fascination of Chinese culture with a history of thousands of years.
7．In conclusion/All in all/In short/In brief，the traditional Chinese dress will make the
occasion attractive to the British guests.
B
Dear Sir/Madam，I am Li Hua，a student from Guangming Middle School.I am writing to ask some questions
about the summer course.
8．First of all，I wonder when the course will begin and how long it will last.9.Secondly，I
want to know whether your school will offer accommodation for the students.10. Besides/What ’ s
more/In addition，how much will you charge for it？11.Last but not least，how many students
will be there in one class?
12．All in all，I would appreciate it if you could reply to me as soon as possible.
Yours，
Li Hua
强化练(三十八) 书面表达(2)
Ⅰ.作文升档
假设你是晨光中学高三学生李津。你校于6月8日举办了成人礼活动，你的英国朋友
Chris很想了解该活动。你于当晚给Chris回一封电子邮件，介绍相关情况，内容包括：
1．成人礼活动内容(成长点滴回顾、观看校友抗疫事迹录像等)；
2．对活动的感受；
3．对自己未来的展望。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：成人礼the coming-of-age ceremony；新冠肺炎COVID-19
Dear Chris，
I’m so glad to hear from you.
Yours，
Li Jin
学生习作
Dear Chris ，
I ’ m so glad to hear from you. ①In your last letter，I’ve learned that you want to know
about the coming-of-age ceremony of our school.②The following is a short introduction to the
ceremony.
③The ceremony was held on June 8，and during it we reviewed the past events andwatched some videos about the brave deeds of our schoolmates in the battle against
COVID-19.④We were deeply moved by their deeds.⑤We decided to follow the examples of our
excellent schoolmates and make ourselves useful to the whole society.⑥Through the ceremony，
we realize that the sense of responsibility always accompanies the process of our growth.⑦Such is
my understanding about growing up.⑧What about yours?
⑨Looking forward to your reply.
Yours ，
Li Jin
我来提升档次
作文升档第一步 让词汇高级亮丽
利用高级词汇升级文中黑体词汇
1．want to know→are curious to know
2．short→brief
3．was held→was scheduled to be held
4．brave→heroic
5．decided to→were determined to
作文升档第二步 让句式丰富多变
按要求升级句式并将黑体词汇替换为升级后的词汇
1．用非限制性定语从句升级句③。
The ceremony was scheduled to be held on June 8 ， during which we reviewed the past events and
watched some videos about the heroic deeds of our schoolmates in the battle against COVID-19.
2．用过去分词作状语合并句④和句⑤。
Deeply moved by their deeds ， we were determined to follow the examples of our excellent
schoolmates and make ourselves useful to the whole society.
作文升档第三步 过渡衔接更巧妙
利用适当的过渡词汇衔接升级后的作文并誊写
Dear Chris ，
I ’ m so glad to hear from you. In your last letter，I’ve learned that you are curious to know
about the coming-of-age ceremony of our school.The following is a brief introduction to the
ceremony.
The ceremony was scheduled to be held on June 8，during which we reviewed the past events
and watched some videos about the heroic deeds of our schoolmates in the battle against
COVID-19.Deeply moved by their deeds，we were determined to follow the examples of our
excellent schoolmates and make ourselves useful to the whole society.Through the ceremony，we
realize that the sense of responsibility always accompanies the process of our growth.Such is my
understanding about growing up.What about yours?
Looking forward to your reply.Yours ，
Li Jin
Ⅱ.写作演练
(2022·吉林延边质检)
假设你是李华。2022年北京冬奥会取得圆满成功，你的美国朋友Jenny发来邮件表示祝
贺，并询问中国做了哪些措施使得本届冬奥会受到世界各国的赞誉。请你写邮件告知，内容
包括：
1．表示感谢；
2．列举措施(至少两项)；
3．表达祝愿。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文
Dear Jenny，
I am more than delighted to hear from you.Thank you for your attention to the Beijing 2022
Olympic Winter Games.China had been striving to hold a safe and high-tech Winter Games.
Firstly，many anti-epidemic technologies made a contribution to the world-class sporting
event.For example，robots were programmed to locate a person who was not wearing a mask and
advise him to wear one.Besides，several advanced technologies played an important part in
making athletes’ daily life more convenient.One of them is the digital wallet which makes
payment easy.
I hope the information can help.And I wish your new school life smooth.
Yours，
Li Hua
