文档内容
（北京卷）
2024 年高考英语二轮复习测试卷
（全析全解）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，
用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30分）
第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项
涂黑。
A winter storm dropped huge amounts of snow overnight on January 16 in western Pennsylvania. Coach Brian
Delallo, who worked on a local high school football team, decided to 1 his players’ weightlifting practice.
He texted his players saying: “Due to the expected severe 2 Monday’s weightlifting workout has been
cancelled. Find an elderly or disabled neighbor and shovel (为……除雪) their driveway. Don’t accept any 3
-that’s our Monday workout. ”
The players received the message and went out to work on the more than six inches of snow that fell
overnight. They said that they removed 4 from dozens of homes. Some players texted their coach afterwards
to tell him how 5 it was. “We all feel great about it, ” said team captain Gavin Moul. “It’s not only helping
them, but it’s helping us to become a better team. ”
Many of the people whom the team members approached couldn’t believe that the players wouldn’t accept any
payment. Sometimes people even 6 their help because they wouldn’t take money for it.
Actually, it was not the first time for the team to have shoveling workout. It was started by a coach more than
two decades ago. It was one of the many 7 the team kept.
“It’s about community. ” the coach said. “It is an inspiring way for us to interact with our community and
show that it 8 . Shoveling snow is just one of those opportunities to show appreciation to the community
that supports us. ”The team got a workout and gave 9 to the community by doing these acts of kindness atthe same time. It was a 10 for all.
1．A．try out B．pick up C．go over D．call off
2．A．injury B．weather C．disease D．pressure
3．A．money B．apology C．challenge D．request
4．A．dirt B．water C．snow D．waste
5．A．demanding B．rewarding C．promising D．amusing
6．A．sought B．got C．appreciated D．refused
7．A．goals B．secrets C．traditions D．jobs
8．A．matters B．cares C．works D．stays
9．A．off B．up C．in D．back
10．A．way B．win C．must D．lesson
【答案】
1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．B
【解析】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了由于恶劣的天气，教练带领队员为行动不便的邻居除雪的故事。
1．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当地一所高中橄榄球队的教练布莱恩·德拉洛(Brian Delallo)决定取消球员的
举重训练。A. try out参加……选拔；B. pick up捡起；C. go over复习；D. call off叫停，取消。根据下文
“Monday’s weightlifting workout has been cancelled”可知，教练取消了举重训练。故选D项。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于预期的恶劣天气，周一的举重训练已经取消。A. injury受伤；B.
weather天气；C. disease疾病；D. pressure压力。根据第一句“A winter storm dropped huge amounts of snow
overnight on January 16 in western Pennsylvania.”可知，天气是恶劣的。故选B项。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不收钱——这是我们周一的锻炼。A. money钱；B. apology道歉；C.
challenge挑战；D. request要求。根据下文第三段“that the players wouldn’t accept any payment”可知，此处
教练告诉大家在除雪的过程中不要收钱。故选A项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们说他们清除了数十户人家的积雪。A. dirt泥土；B. water水；C. snow雪；
D. waste垃圾。根据文章第一段“Find an elderly or disabled neighbor and shovel (为……除雪) their driveway.”
可知，此处的活动是为大家清理积雪。故选C项。
5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一些运动员后来给教练发短信，告诉他这是多么值得。A. demanding高要
求的；B. rewarding有回报的，值得的；C. promising有希望的；D. amusing有趣的。根据下文““We all
feel great about it, ” said team captain Gavin Moul. “It’s not only helping them, but it’s helping us to become a
better team. ””可知，运动员觉得这项活动是有价值的。故选B项。6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时人们甚至拒绝他们的帮助，因为他们不愿意为此事花钱。A. sought追
寻；B. got得到；C. appreciated感激；D. refused拒绝。根据“because they wouldn’t take money for it”可知，
由于不想拿钱，有些人会拒绝帮助。故选D项。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是队伍保留的众多传统之一。A. goals目标；B. secrets秘密；C. traditions
传统；D. jobs工作。根据“Actually, it was not the first time for the team to have shoveling workout. It was
started by a coach more than two decades ago.”可知，这项活动不是第一次，是队伍保留下来的传统。故选C
项。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一种鼓舞人心的方式，让我们与我们的社区互动，并表明它很重要。
A. matters要紧，重要；B. cares在意；C. works起作用；D. stays停留。根据“It is an inspiring way for us to
interact with our community”可知，这项活动是很重要的。故选A项。
9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：团队在锻炼身体的同时，也通过做这些善举来回馈社区。A. (give) off发出；
B. (give) up放弃；C. (give) in屈服；D. (give) back归还，回馈。根据“by doing these acts of kindness at the
same time.”可知，团队通过这些善举来回馈社区。故选D项。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一种共赢。A. way方法；B. win胜利，赢；C. must必须做的事；D.
lesson课，教训。根据“The team got a workout and gave ___9___ to the community by doing these acts of
kindness at the same time.”可知，团队不仅锻炼了身体，也回馈了社区，这是共赢。故选B项。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处
用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
A
The turtle dove is the UK’s fastest-declining bird species, according to a recent study. The data, 11
(record) by almost 1, 000 volunteers, farmers and county bird clubs, shows there are now nearly 2, 100 pairs left,
down from some 125, 000 pairs in 1970. Loss of habitats and shooting in southern Europe 12 (think)to be
driving the decline. There is hope, however, as the government 13 (work) with landowners to allow more
food supplies in the habitats now.
【答案】11．recorded 12．are thought 13．is working
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国衰退最快的鸟类物种斑鸠数量下降的原因，政府正在采
取措施保护他们。
11．考查非谓语。句意：由近1000名志愿者、农民和县鸟类俱乐部记录的数据显示，现在只剩下近2100
对，低于1970年的12.5万对。分析句子可知，空处应用非谓语形式在句中作定语，且动词record与被修饰词The data构成被动关系，故用过去分词形式。故填recorded。
12．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：南欧栖息地的丧失和枪击事件被认为是造成这种下降的原因。句子
陈述一般事实，应用一般现在时，空处动词与主语构成被动关系，句子应用被动语态，主语Loss of
habitats and shooting in southern Europe“南欧栖息地的丧失和枪击事件”是两个方面，故be动词用are。故
填are thought。
13．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，还是有希望的，因为现在政府正在与土地所有者合作，允许更多
的食物供应到栖息地。根据句中时间状语now可知，句子应用现在进行时，主语the government为单数名
词，be动词用is。故填is working。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白
处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
When Kurt Benirschke started collecting skin 1 4 (sample) from rare and endangered animals in
1972, he didn’t have a clear plan on 15 could be done with them. He then set up a collection bank called
the Frozen Zoo. Benirschke passed away in 2018, 16 his efforts are very much alive. Today, the Frozen
Zoo is the world’s 17 (large) animal cryobank, with genetic materials from over 10,500 animals. In 2020,
a baby horse known as “Kurt” was born, cloned using cells from the Frozen Zoo.
【答案】14．samples 15．what 16．but 17．largest
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了库尔特 · 贝尼尔施克的生平和贡献。
14．考查名词复数。句意：当库尔特·贝尼尔施克(Kurt Benirschke)在1972年开始收集稀有和濒危动物的皮
肤样本时，他并没有一个关于如何处理这些皮肤样本的明确计划。空处在句中作宾语，所以用名词。结合
空后“rare and endangered animals”可知，此处指那些稀有和濒危动物的皮肤样本，所以为复数含义，故填
samples。
15．考查宾语从句连接词。句意同上。分析可知，空处及之后的内容作介词on的宾语从句，空处作从句的
主语，表示做什么，所以用连接代词what。故填what。
16．考查连词。句意：贝尼尔施克于2018年去世，但他的成就仍然继续存在。分析句子可知，空处前后内
容的关系为转折关系，所以填连词but，故填but。
17．考查最高级。句意：今天，冷冻动物园是世界上最大的动物冷冻库，拥有超过10,500种动物的基因材
料。结合空前the world’s可知，此处用最高级。故填largest。
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处的括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Psychological processes and mental wellbeing are vital to consistently high degrees of sporting performance
for athletes at all levels. Sports psychology is the study of 18 psychological factors influence athletic
performance. Although it is a 19 (relative) new discipline, sports psychology is now widely accepted as
offering an important advantage 20 opponents. To provide athletes with the mental support they need, a
sports psychologist needs to consider their feelings, behavior and lives beyond.
【答案】18．how 19．relatively 20．over
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了体育心理学与运动表现之间的关系。
18．考查宾语从句。句意：运动心理学是研究心理因素如何影响运动成绩的学科。分析句子，设空处引导
的是宾语从句，引导词在从句中作状语，意为“如何”用how。故填how。
19．考查副词。句意：尽管这是一门相对较新的学科，但运动心理学现在已被广泛接受，因为它提供了战
胜对手的重要优势。分析句子，设空处使用relative的副词relatively作状语，修饰形容词new，意为“相对
地”。故填relatively。
20．考查介词。句意：同上。句中an advantage over…为固定短语，意为“胜过……；优于……”故填
over。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 38分）
第一节（共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Pets are part of our family so it’s important to factor them in when planning a trip that you’re not taking them
with you on. Pet charity Blue Cross advises planning well in advance so you know that your pet will be
comfortable.
Family and friends
Leaving your pet in the care of a trusted friend or neighbour will give you peace of mind that it will be well
cared for. Your pet will be able to stay with them in their home.
Things to consider if your pet is staying in another house:
· Do they have another dog or pet and will they get on with your pet?
· Do they have a garden? Is the garden secure so your pet can’t escape?
Pet sitter
Pet sitters stay in or visit your home to look after your pet while you’re away for a fee. This is a good option
which allows your pet to stay in a familiar environment and you will receive regular updates.How to find a good pet sitter:
· Ask friends and family for recommendations for pet sitters.
· Pet sitters don’t need a license to work, but reputable ones will be able to show you training and insurance
certificates.
· Check reviews online from independent review sites.
Home boarder
Home boarders are people that take pets into their own homes to look after for a fee.
How to find a good home boarder:
· Check their home has no obvious dangers, like exposed wires, toxic substances and unsecured fences.
· Your pet is invited round to get to know the home and meet the family it’ll be staying with.
· You can easily find and view their license to home board pets from the local council as well as their
insurance details and training.
Boarding kennels
Kennels are an option, but it depends whether your pet is comfortable being left alone in a kennel environment
around other pets.
How to find a boarding kennel:
· Get a personal recommendation, and check the kennel is licensed.
· Ask if you can visit before you book.
· Ask about insurance cover and the procedure for contacting a vet (兽医).
21．If you prefer your pet to stay in a familiar environment, you can leave it with _____.
A．a friend B．a pet sitter C．a home boarder D．a boarding kennel
22．How can one find a suitable home boarder?
A．Call the insurance company.
B．Check the license from the local council.
C．Check reviews from independent review sites.
D．Invite him over to your home and meet your family.
23．Who may find this passage most useful?
A．A vet who desires to change his job.
B．A man who is considering adopting a dog.
C．A couple who are planning to rent a house.
D．A pet owner who will take a business trip.【答案】21．B 22．B 23．D
【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在主人外出旅行时，照顾并安置家中宠物的四种方式。
21．细节理解题。根据Pet sitter中“This is a good option which allows your pet to stay in a familiar
environment and you will receive regular updates.(这是一个很好的选择，可以让你的宠物待在一个熟悉的环境
中，你会收到定期的更新)”可知，选择宠物保姆能让你的宠物待在一个熟悉的环境中。故选B项。
22．细节理解题。根据Home boarder中“You can easily find and view their license to home board pets from
the local council as well as their insurance details and training.(你可以很容易地从当地议会找到并查看他们的家
庭宠物执照，以及他们的保险细节和培训)”可知，想要给宠物找一个合适的寄宿家庭，可以查一下当地议
会的家庭宠物执照。故选B项。
23．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Pets are part of our family so it’s important to factor them in when planning
a trip that you’re not taking them with you on. Pet charity Blue Cross advises planning well in advance so you
know that your pet will be comfortable.(宠物是我们家庭的一部分，所以当你计划不带它们一起旅行时，把它
们考虑进去是很重要的。宠物慈善机构蓝十字会建议提前做好计划，这样你就知道你的宠物会过得很舒
服)”可知，本文是写给不计划带宠物出去旅行，而想要宠物得到照顾的人看的。由此推知，“一个要出差
的养宠物的人”会觉得这篇文章有用。故选D项。
B
I had always been fascinated by the use of natural treatments in healthcare. So, when I came across a local
clinic that offered courses in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) several months ago, I immediately signed up for
a one-year course.
On the first day of class, I was looking forward to what I was going to learn. As the instructor explained the
procedure, I felt a little disturbed by the thought of needles being stuck into my skin. However, I was determined to
overcome my fear. Acupuncturist uses hair-thin needles to find specific areas on the body to treat pain or tension
the body may be experiencing, known to help with depression, insomnia (失眠) and anxiety. The instructor told us
that an acupuncturist might request patients to provide more information about their health, how to treat them, and
what points are most appropriate for them. We were taught how to examine a patient’s tongue and pulse to gather
evidence of any imbalances in the body. He showed us how to adjust the needle’s depth, as different organs
required different depths. The needles were only a few millimetre thick and made of stainless steel, so they were
solid and easy to switch out.
In class, we also learned about the phenomenon of acupuncture anesthesia (麻醉) where patients could
undergo surgery without conventional anesthesia using only acupuncture. As we progressed through the course, welearned about herbs and their uses. We also discussed the effects of substances such as alcohol, tobacco, and drugs
on the body and how they could lead to severe anxiety and abuse.
TCM dates back to ancient China, and it is a widespread practice today. It is fascinating to learn about the
symbolism behind each organ and how they relate to different emotions and imbalances in the body. After a year of
wrestling with the course, I have now graduated and put everything in place. Without doubt, it has been one of the
most fulfilling experiences in my life.
24．What made the author decide to sign up for a TCM course?
A．His worries about health problems. B．His interest in natural treatments.
C．An accidental visit to a local clinic. D．The increasing knowledge of TCM.
25．What did the instructor mainly teach in the first class?
A．The development of acupuncture. B．The way to perform acupuncture.
C．The requirement for an acupuncture. D．The various tools used in acupuncture.
26．How does the author feel about acupuncture after graduating from the course?
A．Easy. B．Complicated. C．Advanced. D．Worthy.
27．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．An encounter with TCM B．A modern change in TCM
C．A course to improve my fitness D．A special acupuncture treatment
【答案】24．B 25．B 26．D 27．A
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者自己参加传统中医一年制课程的经历。文章中提到了作
者对自然疗法的好奇心，如何克服对针刺的恐惧，以及在学习过程中所了解到的关于针灸麻醉、草药和身
体各器官与情绪、不平衡的关系等内容。
24．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“I had always been fascinated by the use of natural treatments in healthcare.
So, when I came across a local clinic that offered courses in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) several months
ago, I immediately signed up for a one-year course.(我一直着迷于在医疗保健中使用自然疗法。因此，几个月
前，当我偶然发现当地一家开设中医课程的诊所时，我立即报名参加了为期一年的课程。)”可知，作者报
名参加中医课程是因为作者对自然疗法很感兴趣。故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Acupuncturist uses hair-thin needles to find specific areas on the body to
treat pain or tension the body may be experiencing, known to help with depression, insomnia (失眠) and anxiety.
The instructor told us that an acupuncturist might request patients to provide more information about their health,
how to treat them, and what points are most appropriate for them. We were taught how to examine a patient’stongue and pulse to gather evidence of any imbalances in the body. He showed us how to adjust the needle’s depth,
as different organs required different depths. (针灸师使用头发一样细的针来找到身体的特定部位来治疗身体可
能正在经历的疼痛或紧张，这些疼痛或紧张有助于治疗抑郁、失眠和焦虑。导师告诉我们，针灸师可能会
要求病人提供更多关于他们的健康状况、如何治疗以及最适合他们的穴位的信息。我们被教导如何检查病
人的舌头和脉搏，以收集身体任何不平衡的证据。他教我们如何调整针的深度，因为不同的器官需要不同
的深度。)”可知，作者第一天上课的时候学习了如何针灸。故选B。
26．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“It is fascinating to learn about the symbolism behind each organ and how
they relate to different emotions and imbalances in the body. After a year of wrestling with the course, I have now
graduated and put everything in place. Without doubt, it has been one of the most fulfilling experiences in my life.
(了解每个器官背后的象征意义，以及它们是如何与不同的情绪和身体失衡联系在一起的，是很有趣的。经
过一年的努力，我现在已经毕业了，一切都准备妥当。毫无疑问，这是我一生中最充实的经历之一。)”可
知，作者感觉学校针灸是有趣的，对这次经历是满意的，认为这是自己人生中最充实的一次经历。由此可
知，作者认为针灸是值得学习的。故选D。
27．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“I had always been fascinated by the use of natural treatments in healthcare.
So, when I came across a local clinic that offered courses in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) several months
ago, I immediately signed up for a one-year course.(我一直着迷于在医疗保健中使用自然疗法。因此，几个月
前，当我偶然发现当地一家开设中医课程的诊所时，我立即报名参加了为期一年的课程。)”、最后一段
“After a year of wrestling with the course, I have now graduated and put everything in place. Without doubt, it has
been one of the most fulfilling experiences in my life.(经过一年的努力，我现在已经毕业了，一切都准备妥当。
毫无疑问，这是我一生中最充实的经历之一。)”再结合全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了作者与中医的相遇，
通过参加中医课程，了解到了中医的魅力。故选A。
C
Most glitter(小发光物品), which is made up of tiny pieces of plastic, is a huge danger to the environment.
“Everyone talks about the mountain of plastic floating in the ocean. You can grab empty bottles from the water, but
with tiny pieces, it’s impossible,” says Victor Alvarez, a chemical engineer who sells an eco-friendly alternative to
glitter.
In the early 2,000s, Alvarez worked for Mercedes-Benz in Germany, where he became fond of any technology
that protected the environment. A few years after leaving Mercedes-Benz, he founded Blue Sun International in
Miami, which makes specialty ingredients for the skin and hair care industries.
Glitter is a popular ingredient in cosmetics, such as eye shadows and lipsticks. So Alvarez began researchingan alternative that didn’t contain plastic to make his products safer for the environment. That’s when he came
across Ronald Britton Ltd., a company which had developed a plastic-free, biodegradable product called Bioglitter.
It is made from regenerative cellulose(纤维素) sourced from hardwoods, primarily eucalyptus(桉树). Alvarez
worked with the company to become the first retailer to sell Bioglitter in America. In 2018, he formed Today Glitter
in order to sell the biodegradable glitter directly to consumers through its website.
Today Glitter sells two kinds of biodegradable glitter Bioglitter Sparkle and Bioglitter Pure. Both are almost
plastic-free and can biodegrade in a short time. Meanwhile, they are as shiny as regular glitter. All these products
are third-party tested by TÜV, an international organization that provides testing and certification for compostable
(可降解的) and biodegradable products.
Despite its benefits, the hardwoods needed to make biodegradable glitter cause it to cost about twice as much
as conventional glitter. A small glass container that contains just 6 grams of Bioglitter costs $10, while the same
amount of regular glitter could cost at least half that amount. Alvarez expects the price will come down over time.
He also expects the company’s sales to cross $1 million next year. But more importantly, Alvarez says, his main
goal is to effect a meaningful change.
28．What do we know about Bioglitter?
A．It is a plastic-free ingredient for eye shadows.
B．It will soon be on sale in the American market.
C．It is very difficult to break down in the wild.
D．It was invented by Blue Sun International.
29．Why does the author mention TÜV in the text?
A．To show Bioglitter Sparkle and Bioglitter Pure are popular.
B．To stress it provides a broad range of testing services.
C．To prove Today Glitter’s products are eco-friendly.
D．To explain many plastic products are low-quality.
30．What is the problem faced by Today Glitter at present?
A．The complex process of making glitter. B．How to expand its overseas market.
C．How to attract potential investors. D．The high cost of raw materials.
【答案】 28．A 29．C 30．D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一种新型的环保材料Bioglitter，能在短时间内生物降解，但是
也有缺点那就是价格高。28．推理判断题。根据第三段“Glitter is a popular ingredient in cosmetics, such as eye shadows and lipsticks.
So Alvarez began researching an alternative that didn’t contain plastic to make his products safer for the
environment. That’s when he came across Ronald Britton Ltd., a company which had developed a plastic-free,
biodegradable product called Bioglitter. It is made from regenerative cellulose(纤维素) sourced from hardwoods,
primarily eucalyptus(桉树). Alvarez worked with the company to become the first retailer to sell Bioglitter in
America. In 2018, he formed Today Glitter in order to sell the biodegradable glitter directly to consumers through
its website.(闪光片是化妆品中的一种流行成分，如眼影和唇膏。因此，Alvarez开始研究一种不含塑料的替
代品，以使他的产品对环境更安全。就在那时，他遇到了罗纳德·布里顿有限公司，这家公司开发了一种无
塑料、可生物降解的产品，名为生物闪光片。它由再生纤维素制成来源于硬木，主要是桉树。Alvarez与该
公司合作，成为第一家在美国销售生物闪光粉的零售商。2018年，他成立了Today Glitter，通过其网站直
接向消费者销售可生物降解的闪光片。)”可知，Bioglitter是一种不含塑料的眼影成分。故选A项。
29．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Today Glitter sells two kinds of biodegradable glitter Bioglitter Sparkle and
Bioglitter Pure. Both are almost plastic-free and can biodegrade in a short time. Meanwhile, they are as shiny as
regular glitter. All these products are third-party tested by TÜV, an international organization that provides testing
and certification for compostable (可降解的) and biodegradable products.( Today Glitter销售两种可生物降解的
闪光片biogitter Sparkle和biogitter Pure。两者几乎都不含塑料，可以在短时间内生物降解。与此同时，它
们和普通亮片一样闪亮。所有这些产品都经过TÜV的第三方测试，TÜV是一家为可堆肥和可生物降解产
品提供测试和认证的国际组织。)”可知，作者在文中提到TÜV以证明Today Glitter的产品是环保的。故选
C项。
30．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Despite its benefits, the hardwoods needed to make biodegradable glitter
cause it to cost about twice as much as conventional glitter. A small glass container that contains just 6 grams of
Bioglitter costs $10, while the same amount of regular glitter could cost at least half that amount.(尽管有这些好处，
但制造可生物降解闪光片所需的硬木使其成本大约是传统闪光片的两倍。一个装有6克生物亮片的小玻璃
容器的价格为10美元，而同样数量的普通亮片的价格至少是这个价格的一半。)”可知，Today Glitter面临
的问题是原材料的高成本。故选D项。
D
As Frans de Waal, a primatologist (灵长动物学家), recognizes, a better way to think about other creatures
would be to ask ourselves how different species have developed different kinds of minds to solve different adaptive
problems. Surely the important question is not whether animals can do the same things humans can, but how thoseanimals solve the cognitive (认知的) problems they face, like how to imitate the sea floor. Children and some
animals are so interesting not because they are smart like us, but because they are smart in ways we haven’t even
considered.
Sometimes studying children’s ways of knowing can cast light on adult-human cognition. Children’s pretend
play may help us understand our adult taste for fiction. De Waal’s research provides another interesting example.
We human beings tend to think that our social relationships are rooted in our perceptions, beliefs, and desires, and
our understanding of the perceptions, beliefs, and desires of others—what psychologists call our “theory of mind.”
In the 80s and 90s, developmental psychologists showed that pre-schoolers and even infants understand minds apart
from their own. But it was hard to show that other animals did the same. “Theory of mind” became a candidate for
the special, uniquely human trick.
Yet de Waal’s studies show that chimps (黑猩猩) possess a remarkably developed political intelligence—they
are much interested in figuring out social relationships. It turns out, as de Waal describes, that chimps do infer
something about what other chimps see. But experimental studies also suggest that this happens only in a
competitive political context. The evolutionary anthropologist (人类学家) Brain Hare and his colleagues gave a
junior chimp a choice between pieces of food that a dominant chimp had seen hidden and other pieces it had not
seen hidden. The junior chimp, who watched all the hiding, stayed away from the food the dominant chimp had
seen, but took the food it hadn’t seen.
Anyone who has gone to an academic conference will recognize that we may be in the same situation. We may
say that we sign up because we’re eager to find out what other human beings think, but we’re just as interested in
who’s on top. Many of the political judgments we make there don’t have much to do with our theory of mind. We
may show our respect to a famous professor even if we have no respect for his ideas.
Until recently, however, there wasn’t much research into how humans develop and employ this kind of
political knowledge. It may be that we understand the social world in terms of dominance, like chimps, but we’re
just not usually as politically motivated as they are. Instead of asking whether we have a better everyday theory of
mind, we might wonder whether they have a better everyday theory of politics.
31．According to the first paragraph, which of the following shows that an animal is smart?
A．It can behave like a human kid.
B．It can imitate what human beings do.
C．It can find a solution to its own problem.
D．It can figure out those adaptive problems.32．Which of the following statements best illustrates our “theory of mind”?
A．We talk with infants in a way that they can fully understand.
B．We make guesses at what others think while interacting with them.
C．We hide our emotions when we try establishing contact with a stranger.
D．We try to understand how kids’ pretend play affects our taste for fiction.
33．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．Neither human nor animals display their preference for dominance.
B．Animals living in a competitive political context are smarter.
C．Both humans and some animals have political intelligence.
D．Humans are more interested in who’s on top than animals.
34．By the underlined sentence in the last paragraph, the writer means that ________.
A．we know little about how chimps are politically motivated
B．our political knowledge doesn’t always determine how we behave
C．our theory of mind might enable us to understand our theory of politics
D．more research should be conducted to understand animals’ social world
【答案】31．C 32．B 33．C 34．B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们人类的心智理论，同时说明了黑猩猩虽和人类一样有政治
才能，但是不一样的是，人类的政治知识不总是决定我们的行为。
31．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“As Frans de Waal, a primatologist (灵长动物学家), recognizes, a better
way to think about other creatures would be to ask ourselves how different species have developed different kinds
of minds to solve different adaptive problems. Surely the important question is not whether animals can do the
same things humans can, but how those animals solve the cognitive (认知的) problems they face, like how to
imitate the sea floor.( 正如灵长类动物学家弗朗斯·德·瓦尔(Frans de Waal)所认识到的，思考其他生物的一个
更好的方法是问我们自己，不同物种是如何发展出不同类型的思维来解决不同的适应问题的。当然，重要
的问题不是动物是否能做人类能做的事情，而是这些动物如何解决它们面临的认知问题，比如如何模仿海
底)”可推知，动物也很聪明，“它能找到解决自己问题的办法”能证明这一点，故选C。
32．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“We human beings tend to think that our social relationships are rooted in
our perceptions, beliefs, and desires, and our understanding of the perceptions, beliefs, and desires of others —
what psychologists call our ‘theory of mind.’(我们人类倾向于认为，我们的社会关系植根于我们的感知、信仰
和欲望，以及我们对他人的感知、信仰和欲望的理解——心理学家称之为我们的“心智理论”)”可知，“心智理论”即我们对我们的感知、信仰和欲望，以及我们对他人的感知、信仰和欲望的理解，由此推知，
B选项“We make guesses at what others think while interacting with them.(我们在与他人互动的同时，猜测他
人的想法)”就是“心智理论”的体现，即我们与他人互动过程中，我们要猜测他人的想法，去理解周围人
类的心理状态，故选B。
33．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Yet de Waal’s studies show that chimps (黑猩猩) possess a remarkably
developed political intelligence—they are much interested in figuring out social relationships.( 然而，德瓦尔的研
究表明，黑猩猩拥有非常发达的政治智力——它们对弄清社会关系非常感兴趣)”和最后一段中的“Until
recently, however, there wasn’t much research into how humans develop and employ this kind of political
knowledge(然而，直到最近，对于人类如何发展和运用这种政治知识，还没有太多的研究)”可推知，人类
和一些动物是有政治智慧，故选C。
34．词句猜测题。根据画线句子下文“Instead of asking whether we have a better everyday theory of mind, we
might wonder whether they have a better everyday theory of politics.(与其问我们是否有更好的日常心智理论，
不如问他们是否有更好的日常政治理论)”和第三段中的第一句话“Yet de Waal’s studies show that chimps (黑
猩猩) possess a remarkably developed political intelligence—they are much interested in figuring out social
relationships.(然而，德瓦尔的研究表明，黑猩猩拥有非常发达的政治智力——它们对弄清社会关系非常感
兴趣)”可知，黑猩猩的政治智力会决定它们的行为，但是人类不一样，结合划线句子“It may be that we
understand the social world in terms of dominance, like chimps, but we’re just not usually as politically motivated
as they are.(也许我们像黑猩猩一样，从支配地位的角度来理解社会世界，但我们通常不像它们那样有政治
动机)”可知，人类不像黑猩猩一样有政治动机，黑猩猩的政治智力会决定它们的行为，但是人类不一样，
由此可知，画线句子所表达的意思是，人类的政治知识不总是决定我们的表现，故选B。
第二节（共5小题; 每小题2分, 共10分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When you go to concerts, you expect your favorite musician to perform amazingly on stage. But you may have
noticed something curious that most musicians don’t just play with their fingers. They also involve body
movements that fit the song’s beat or dance following the music. 35 The facial expressions musicians
show when playing may seem strange or crazy to an outsider, but all that pulling faces might actually serve a
purpose.
Firstly, playing a musical instrument usually requires intense focus and concentration. 36 Their
facial expressions can be a demonstration of the intense emotions and physical effort that go hand-in-hand with
musical performance. They’re often subconscious-in fact, many of us will pull strange faces when we’re deeplyinvolved in an activity we care about.
37 Musicians have a strong emotional connection with the music they perform. They often use their
facial expressions to express the mood and interpretation of the music, which creates a more engaging musical
experience. While facial expressions may not directly make someone a better musician, they might contribute to the
overall artistry of the music.
Performing live music is a rather stressful experience, so it could be that the performer is expressing those
nerves through their face-biting the bottom lip, for example. Luckily, nerves will often go away soon after a
musician starts performing. 38
The facial expressions obviously to some extent express the performer’s inner world. Another interesting thing
is that making facial expressions can have a physiological impact on the musician’s performance. Some research
suggests that certain facial movements can activate specific muscles and improve muscle harmonization. 39
However, it’s important to note that this relationship is still not well understood, and the extent to which facial
expressions directly impact musical competence is a subject of ongoing investigation.
A．When you’re really focused, you don’t care about the outside world.
B．Among them the part of the body that best exhibits this is obviously the face.
C．They likely won’t be the main cause for those strange faces throughout a performance.
D．Such effects are particularly helpful in controlling muscles when playing an instrument.
E．Facial expressions can also help musicians communicate emotions and artistic expression.
F．Musicians are often overcome with emotion from the music itself or the reaction of the crowd.
G．Musicians often enter a state of “flow”, where they become completely absorbed in the music they’re
creating.
【答案】35．B 36．G 37．E 38．C 39．D
【解析】本文是说明文。音乐家演奏时不只是用手指演奏还会有身体动作，其中一个身体动作就是面部表
情。文章主要介绍了音乐家演奏时使用面部表情给他们带来的好处。
35．上文“But you may have noticed something curious that most musicians don’t just play with their fingers.
They also involve body movements that fit the song’s beat or dance following the music. (但您可能已经注意到一
些奇怪的事情，大多数音乐家不只是用手指演奏。还包括适应歌曲节奏或舞蹈音乐的身体动作。)”可知，
音乐家不仅用手指演奏，还会用身体动作，下文“The facial expressions musicians show when playing may
seem strange or crazy to an outsider, but all that pulling faces might actually serve a purpose.(音乐家在演奏时表
现出的面部表情对于局外人来说可能看起来很奇怪或疯狂，但所有这些表情实际上可能都是有目的的。)”指出了音乐家在演奏时的面部表情是什么样的，由此可知，空处应指出音乐家的身体动作之一就是面部表
情，B项“其中最能体现这一点的身体部位显然就是脸部。”承上启下，them代指上文“body
movements”，故选B。
36．上文“Firstly, playing a musical instrument usually requires intense focus and concentration.(首先，演奏乐
器通常需要高度集中注意力)”指出演奏乐器通常需要高度集中注意力，所以音乐家会在演奏时完全沉浸于
表演中，G项“音乐家经常进入一种“心流”状态，他们完全沉浸在他们正在创作的音乐中。”承接上文，
故选G。
37．上文“Their facial expressions can be a demonstration of the intense emotions and physical effort that go
hand-in-hand with musical performance.(他们的面部表情可以表现出与音乐表演密切相关的强烈情感和体
力。)”指出面部表情的好处之一是可以表现出与音乐表演密切相关的强烈情感和体力，下文“Musicians
have a strong emotional connection with the music they perform. They often use their facial expressions to express
the mood and interpretation of the music, which creates a more engaging musical experience. (音乐家与他们演奏
的音乐有着强烈的情感联系。他们经常用面部表情来表达音乐的情绪和诠释，从而创造出更具吸引力的音
乐体验。)”指出音乐家用面部表情来表达音乐的情绪，E项“面部表情还可以帮助音乐家交流情感和艺术
表达。”介绍了面部表情的其他好处，故选E。
38．上文“Performing live music is a rather stressful experience, so it could be that the performer is expressing
those nerves through their face-biting the bottom lip, for example. Luckily, nerves will often go away soon after a
musician starts performing.(表演现场音乐是一种相当紧张的体验，因此表演者可能会通过咬下嘴唇等方式来
表达这些紧张情绪。幸运的是，音乐家开始表演后，紧张往往很快就会消失)”指出表演者可能会通过咬下
嘴唇等方式来表达紧张情绪，但是音乐家在表演的时候不会出现紧张情绪，所以紧张情绪不是音乐家出现
这些奇怪面部表情的原因，C项“它们可能不会成为整个表演过程中出现这些奇怪面孔的主要原因。”承
接上文，they代指上文的nerves，故选C。
39．上文“Another interesting thing is that making facial expressions can have a physiological impact on the
musician’s performance. Some research suggests that certain facial movements can activate specific muscles and
improve muscle harmonization.(另一件有趣的事情是，面部表情会对音乐家的表演产生生理影响。一些研究
表明，某些面部动作可以激活特定的肌肉并改善肌肉的协调性)”指出面部表情会对音乐家的表演产生生理
影响——可以激活特定的肌肉并改善肌肉的协调性，空处承接上文，指出这种生理影响对音乐家表演时所
带来的好处，D项“这种效果对于演奏乐器时控制肌肉特别有帮助。”符合语境，Such effects呼应上文的
activate specific muscles and improve muscle harmonization，故选D。
第三部分书面表达（共两节,32分）第一节阅读表达（共4小题,共12分;第40、41小题,每小题2分;第42题,3分;第43题,5分）
阅读下面短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
When I was in my second year in senior high school, I found a 16-dollar-an-hour part-time job at Lakewood
Pizza. Like many teens, I longed to earn income as well as add experience for the time to enter the workforce. Just
one week after I worked there, David Ross, the manager called me into his office. As the saying goes, “life isn’t
always a bed of roses”. My first job ended in failure. His reason was that I showed up late twice and took more
breaks than others.
“Oh, I’m a loser.” I thought to myself. I believed that thought was shared by my brothers, neither of whom had
ever been fired, and my mother, though she would never express it in those terms.
“I am too sad to do anything.” I complained to my father.
After listening to my words, he laughed. “It’s not funny; I’m a loser.” I said. “No, you’re not. This is a part of
growing up. You will be all right, my son,” he said, patting my shoulder. “Trust me. You are good enough.” I looked
into my father’s eyes and I could see he really trusted me. And I believed him.
Since then, “Trust me. You are good enough.” are the only words I have repeated to myself. I have worked
hard to be a better person and cherished (珍惜) every moment I have got. Finally, I succeeded in entering a good
university. After graduation I found my dream job.
40．How much did the author earn at his part-time job?
41．Why did the author lose his first job?
42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
After knowing the author’s failure, his father complained and laughed at him.
43．What can you learn from the author’s story? (In about 40 words)
【答案】40．16 dollars an hour. 41．Because he showed up late twice and took more breaks than others.
42．After knowing the author’s failure, his father complained and laughed at him.
或After knowing the author’s failure, his father complained and laughed at him.
理由：After knowing the author’s failure, his father encouraged (comforted/believed in, etc.) him. 43．No
matter what setbacks you encounter, don’t be discouraged. Believe that you are good enough and work hard tobecome a better person.
【解析】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者第一份兼职被辞退了，作者很伤心，认为自己是一个失败者，
但是父亲却鼓励作者，信任作者，安慰作者，告诉他“你足够好”，在父亲的鼓励下，作者相信自己足够
好，于是努力成为一个更好的人，最终作者在毕业后找到了自己梦想的工作。
40．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“When I was in my second year in senior high school, I found a 16-dollar-
an-hour part-time job at Lakewood Pizza.(当我读高二时，我在Lakewood Pizza找到了一份每小时16美元的兼
职工作。)”可知，作者的兼职每小时16美元，故填16 dollars an hour.
41．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“My first job ended in failure. His reason was that I showed up late twice
and took more breaks than others.(我的第一份工作以失败告终。他的理由是我迟到两次并且休息时间比其他
人多。)”可知，作者失了第一份工作是因为他迟到两次并且休息时间比其他人多，故填Because he showed
up late twice and took more breaks than others.
42．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中““No, you’re not. This is a part of growing up. You will be all right,
my son,” he said, patting my shoulder. “Trust me. You are good enough.” I looked into my father’s eyes and I could
see he really trusted me. (“不你不是。这是成长的一部分。你会没事的，我的儿子，”他拍着我的肩膀说道。
“相信我。你已经够好。”我看着父亲的眼睛，我可以看出他真的信任我。)”可知，作者的父亲在知道作
者丢了工作后，并没有抱怨和嘲笑他，而是鼓励他，安慰他，信任他，由此可知，句子“After knowing the
author’s failure, his father complained and laughed at him.”中his father complained and laughed at
him./complained and laughed at是错误的，理由是在得知儿子丢了工作后，父亲鼓励他，安慰他，信任他，
故填After knowing the author’s failure, his father complained and laughed at him.或After knowing the author’s
failure, his father complained and laughed at him.理由：After knowing the author’s failure, his father encouraged
(comforted/believed in, etc.) him.
43．开放试题，言之有理即可。通读全文可知，作者第一份兼职被辞退了，作者很伤心，认为自己是一个
失败者，但是父亲却鼓励作者，信任作者，安慰作者，告诉他“你足够好”，在父亲的鼓励下，作者相信
自己足够好，于是努力成为一个更好的人，最终作者在毕业后找到了自己梦想的工作。从作者的故事中，
我们可以得知，无论受到什么挫折，都不要气馁，要相信自己足够好，努力成为一个更好的人。故填No
matter what setbacks you encounter, don’t be discouraged. Believe that you are good enough and work hard to
become a better person.
第二节（共20分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，近期你的英国笔友Jim得知你的学校上周举办了“长城之约 ”(A date
with the Great Wall)主题文化宣传活动，来信询问你活动的详情，请给他写一封邮件介绍相关情况。内容包括：
1. 活动目的；
2. 活动内容。
注意: 1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Jim,
How’s everything? I’m delighted to share with you the details of the cultural event, “A date with The Great
Wall”, organized by my school.
It aims to educate students about the historical significance and architectural charm of the Great Wall, which
provides participants with a deeper insight. The event featured a variety of activities. There were informative
exhibitions displaying the history and unique features of the Great Wall, along with artworks painted by students.
Additionally, we had hands-on activities to make a model of the Great Wall, allowing participants to feel the
wisdom and hard work of ancient Chinese people in person.
Please let me know if you have any other questions. I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生向英国笔友Jim介绍“长城之约”文化主题活动，包括活动
目的和活动内容。
1.词汇积累
开心的：delighted→glad
重要性：significance→importance
各种各样的：a variety of→all kinds of此外，而且：additionally→besides
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m delighted to share with you the details of the cultural event, “A date with The Great Wall”, organized by
my school.
拓展句：I’m delighted to share with you the details of the cultural event, “A date with The Great Wall”, which was
organized by my school.
【点睛】【高分句型1】 It aims to educate students about the historical significance and architectural charm of
the Great Wall, which provides participants with a deeper insight.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Additionally, we had hands-on activities to make a model of the Great Wall, allowing participants
to feel the wisdom and hard work of ancient Chinese people in person.(运用了现在分词做伴随状语)
