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2024 年高考英语二轮复习测试卷
（全国甲乙卷）
（全析全解）
注意事项: 1. 答题前, 考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚, 将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘
贴区。
2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂; 非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写, 字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3. 请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答, 超出答题区域书写的答案无效; 在草稿纸、试卷上
答题无效。
4. 作图可先使用铅笔画出, 确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5. 保持卡面清洁, 不要折叠, 不要弄破、弄皱, 不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段
对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What time is it now?
A．About 5: 20 pm. B．About 5: 40 pm. C．About 6: 00 pm.
【答案】B
【原文】M: I’m in trouble. I have to get these letters to the post office before it closes at 6 pm, and it’s almost 6
pm already.
W: Take it easy. This clock is twenty minutes fast.
2．What are the speakers talking about?
A．The course to attend. B．The film to watch. C．The language to learn.
【答案】A
【原文】W: Sam, which optional course will you take this semester?
M: Film studies. I guess. But I’ll consider French as an alternative.
3．What will the man do tonight?
A．Attend a meeting. B．Go to a club. C．Stay at home.
【答案】C
【原文】W: Would you like to go to the club tonight?M: I’d rather stay at home and watch TV. I have to get up early to attend a meeting tomorrow.
4．Where are the speakers?
A．In a store. B．In a restaurant. C．In a bank.
【答案】A
【原文】M: These two ties look very nice. How much are they?
W: It was originally 60 pounds for each, but if you buy two, you will get another one free.
M: OK. I will take three.
5．Why did the man leave his previous job?
A．To find a new job. B．To become famous. C．To study further.
【答案】C
【原文】W: Welcome to our company. We’d like you to tell us about your work experience.
M: I worked at a famous company for two years.
W: Can you tell us why you left?
M: I left because I went back to study and get my master’s degree.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话或独白后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听
完每段对话后，你将时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段
对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What does the woman probably do?
A．A doctor. B．A professor. C．An assistant
7．When will the man go to see the doctor?
A．On Wednesday. B．On Friday. C．On Thursday.
【答案】6．C 7．B
【原文】W: Good morning. This is Doctor White’s office. May I help you?
M: I’d like to make an appointment to see the doctor this week.
W: Well. I’m afraid he is fully booked on Monday and Tuesday. How about Wednesday?
M: I have classes at the university on Wednesday. Will Thursday be OK?
W: Sorry. I’m afraid he is fully booked on Thursday too.
M: Friday?
W: Yes! He will be free on Friday this week. How about Friday morning?M: I prefer some time in the afternoon if it’s possible. Thank you!
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．What is the conversation mainly about?
A．A building, BA designer. C． A picture.
9．Which subject does the woman like best?
A．History. B．Music. C．Math.
【答案】8．C 9．A
【原文】W: You know. I’ve never seen the pictures you took of New York.
M: Didn’t I show them to you after I got back? Well. I have them with me. Look at this one.
W: Fantastic. Where was this taken?
M: From the top of the World Trade Center. Do you know the Statue of Liberty was designed by a Frenchman?
W: Uh-huh. Bartholdi. It was given to the United States by France on the 100th birthday of the US independence.
M: You know a lot about history.
W: History is my favorite subject!
M: Oh. I thought you like math best! Well, let’s look at another one.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．How did Andy feel when he first arrived at the classroom?
A．Excited and pleased, B．Anxious and afraid. C．Embarrassed and annoyed.
11．What can we know about Mr Perry?
A．He is strict. B．He is energetic. C．He is funny.
12．Why did the bell ring at 12: 00?
A．To tell students class is over. B．To tell students to have lunch. C．To
remind students to attend class.
【答案】10．B 11．A 12．B
【原文】W: How was your first day in the new school, Andy?
M: Today isn’t bad, though I arrived at the classroom with anxiety and fear.
W: That’s great. What about your teacher?
M: Oh, do you mean Mr Perry? He said to me with a soft voice, which comforted me.
W: What is the difference between the new school and the old one?
M: Mr Perry gave each of us a piece of paper which was about “course requirements”. I had never got this before.
Then he asked us to choose the seat we liked.W: You said it. Mr Perry is always kind and strict.
M: I think that’s the reason why my parents asked me to travel a long distance to be a student of Mr Perry.
W: It would be good for your future, And any funny stories today?
M: Yes. I went back to the classroom when the bell rang at 12: 00. But my teacher told me it was the lunch bell. I
felt embarrassed, you know.
听第8段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What does the man think of Lucy’s taking flying lessons?
A．Impractical. B．Surprising. C．Interesting.
14．What does Lucy work as?
A．A nurse. B．A pilot. C．A doctor.
15．What does the man advise the woman to do?
A．Teach in a college. B．Start her own restaurant. C．Teach an Italian cooking class.
16．What is the relationship between the speakers?
A．Brother and sister. B．Husband and wife. C．Teacher and student.
【答案】13．B 14．A 15．C 16．B
【原文】M: Gina, Gina...Gina? What are you doing?
W: Oh, I was just thinking about our conversation with Lucy the other night. I hope Lucy can find someplace to
take flying lessons.
M: I am surprised. I have no idea that Lucy is interested in learning how to fly.
W: And do you know she wants to leave her job and go back to school? She says she doesn’t have enough
responsibility as a nurse. She wants to be a doctor. I hope her dream comes true.
M: Me too. By the way, are you still thinking about opening an Italian restaurant?
W: I wish I could. But I can’t do that unless I have a lot of money.
M: I know. Sometimes I wish we’d win a lot of money. But we need to be more realistic. Why don’t you consider
teaching an Italian cooking class? You’re a great cook and you could do it at home.
W: Frank, that’s not a bad idea. I could get more experience and build a reputation. And then, eventually, I might be
able to teach an evening class at one of the community colleges.
M: See? Aren’t you glad you married me? I have good ideas sometimes.
听第8段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．Where does. the speaker come from?
A．America. B．Australia. C．England18．What do English people think of Americans?
A．Friends. B．Quiet. C．Humorous.
19．What did the speaker like to do in the afternoon in England?
A．Play with his friends. B．Watch comedy shows. C．Have a cup of tea.
20．What did the speaker find amazing in England?
A．The TV programs. B．The old buildings. C．The tea shops.
【答案】17．A 18．A 19．C 20．B
【原文】M: The most unforgettable experience I’ve ever had? Well, that was three years ago when I was in
college, I spent a term studying in London. Even though we speak the same language, English people and
Americans are very different. They think that we Americans are friendly and that we have a strong desire to be
successful and rich. And I think the British are quiet and gentle. I love the lifestyle there, Going out for afternoon
tea was fun, and I always did that with my friends. And I really love the old buildings. We don’t have anything that
old in the United States, so it is pretty amazing! By the way, I also went to Australia once. The buildings there
aren’t so attractive either. The British also have a different sense of humor. Their comedy shows on TV are really
funny, I’d like to say my experience was a positive one. In fact, I’m saving up money so I can go back there again.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2分, 满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Here’re some of the excellent inventions in 2023. Which one do you like most?
Whiter Paint
The paint on a white building reflects 80 to 90% of the sunlight that strikes it. The rest of the light warms the
surrounding area, raising air-conditioning bills. But the Whiter Paint is made of chemicals that better reflect UV
rays. It reflects up to 98% of the sunlight, which could reduce AC use by 40%. “The heat is reflected into deep
space,” says Xiulin Ruan, who led the Purdue University team that created the paint.
Duolingo app
Now you can take music lessons on a smartphone, using this app, which uses an on-screen piano to teach
basics such as harmony and beat. You learn by interacting with more than 200 popular pieces of music. Just match
sounds to notes and play along. “You don’t need natural talent to learn music,” says Karen Chow, who’s a learning
scientist at Duolingo.Model A
Model A, developed by Alef Aeronautics, is a two-seat all-electric vehicle with a flight range of 110 miles.
And it looks as if it were made to be parked in a garage. In July, 2023, the Federal Aviation Administration gave Ale
f permission to take the vehicle on test flights. The company hopes to deliver the first Model A by 2026.
Moonwalkers
They’re actually battery-powered shoes with wheels. They let you walk normally—just faster and more easily.
Moonwalkers, made by Shift Robotics, use AI to sense when you’re speeding up or slowing down, and adjust
themselves accordingly. With it, you can walk at speeds up to seven miles per hour.
21．What is special about Whiter Paint?
A．It warms our buildings. B．It powers air conditioners.
C．It makes us feel cooler. D．It absorbs more sunlight.
22．Which one is being tested?
A．Whiter Paint. B．Duolingo app.
C．Moonwalkers. D．Model A．
23．What do the listed inventions have in common?
A．They are supported by AI technology. B．They can help us live an easier life.
C．They were created by college teams. D．They are favored by the disabled.
【答案】21．C 22．D 23．B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2023年的一些杰出发明。
21．推理判断题。由文章Whiter Paint部分中“The paint on a white building reflects 80 to 90% of the sunlight
that strikes it. The rest of the light warms the surrounding area, raising air-conditioning bills. But the Whiter Paint is
made of chemicals that better reflect UV rays. It reflects up to 98% of the sunlight, which could reduce AC use by
40%. “The heat is reflected into deep space,” says Xiulin Ruan, who led the Purdue University team that created the
paint. (白色建筑上的油漆会反射80%到90%的阳光。其余的光线使周围地区变暖，增加了空调费用。但是，
更白的油漆是由能更好地反射紫外线的化学物质制成的。它可以反射98%的阳光，这可以减少40%的交流
电使用。“热量被反射到太空深处，”普渡大学团队的负责人阮秀林说。)”可知，这种白漆由能更好地反
射紫外线，让我们感觉更凉爽。故选C。
22．细节理解题。由文章Model A部分中“In July, 2023, the Federal Aviation Administration gave Ale f
permission to take the vehicle on test flights. The company hopes to deliver the first Model A by 2026. (2023年7
月，美国联邦航空管理局允许波音公司进行试飞。该公司希望在2026年前交付第一辆A型车。)”可知，A型车正在被测试。故选D。
23．推理判断题。由文章Whiter Paint部分中“The paint on a white building reflects 80 to 90% of the sunlight
that strikes it. The rest of the light warms the surrounding area, raising air-conditioning bills. But the Whiter Paint is
made of chemicals that better reflect UV rays. It reflects up to 98% of the sunlight, which could reduce AC use by
40%. “The heat is reflected into deep space,” says Xiulin Ruan, who led the Purdue University team that created the
paint. (白色建筑上的油漆会反射80%到90%的阳光。其余的光线使周围地区变暖，增加了空调费用。但是，
更白的油漆是由能更好地反射紫外线的化学物质制成的。它可以反射98%的阳光，这可以减少40%的交流
电使用。“热量被反射到太空深处，”普渡大学团队的负责人阮秀林说。)”可知，这种白漆由能更好地反
射紫外线，让我们感觉更凉爽。由文章Duolingo app部分中“Now you can take music lessons on a
smartphone, using this app, which uses an on-screen piano to teach basics such as harmony and beat. (现在，你可
以使用这款应用在智能手机上上音乐课，它使用屏幕上的钢琴来教授和声和节拍等基础知识。)”、由文章
Model A部分中“Model A, developed by Ale f Aeronautics, is a two-seat all-electric vehicle with a flight range of
110 miles. (A型由Alef航空公司开发，是一款双座全电动汽车，飞行距离为110英里。)”、由文章
Moonwalkers部分中“They let you walk normally—just faster and more easily. (它们能让你正常走路——只是
走得更快、更轻松。)”可知，这些发明可以帮助我们过上更轻松的生活。故选B。
B
Boston Marathon runners in recent years may have seen a smiling furry face around the two-mile mark. It’s
Spencer, the therapy (治疗) dog, who became known as an unofficial mascot (吉祥物) for the marathon, He’s
shown up on the sidelines every year since 2015—rain or shine.
One particularly rainy marathon catapulted Spencer’s fame, In 2018, his owner, Richard Powers, decided to
put a bright yellow rain coat on the dog, making him stand out even more than he usually does. Photos of Spencer,
who holds a “Boston Strong” flag in his mouth, went viral, and he became an inspiration to runners and onlookers
alike, During the marathon, some runners stop in their tracks to take selfies with the dog-the line sometimes
growing to 20 runners long.
But in 2020, Spencer was diagnosed with a tumor (肿瘤). His owner was worried, but Spencer is a fighter. He
got the care he needed and survived. In 2021, he was back on the course and it was really kind of a miracle and that
really hit home to a lot of people.
Unfortunately, Spencer caught another tumor—this one cancerous—and Spencer began chemotherapy. Powers
didn’t think his beloved dog would make it out to the marathon of 2022. “Miraculously, he’s still here with us and
an even bigger miracle, he was strong enough to go to the marathon,” he said.After recovering, Spencer was back to work—not just at the marathon—but as a therapy dog, alongside his
companion, Penny, who is also a golden therapy dog. Powers takes his two therapy dogs around to schools,
hospitals and senior living centers.
“He’s a gift to us and we’re very lucky to have him. He’s too good so we want to share him with as many
people as we possibly can. He does make a difference,” Powers said.
24．Why is Spencer referred to as a mascot for Boston Marathon?
A．He has a smiling furry face. B．He appears at the event annually.
C．He is not recognized officially. D．He works as a therapy dog for runners.
25．What does Spencer bring to runners?
A．Motivation. B．Satisfaction. C．Fantasy. D．Barrier.
26．What did Spencer go through in 2020?
A．A failure in the marathon. B．Caring for his owner.C．Fighting against a disease. D．
Going viral.
27．What was Powers’ initial attitude towards Spence’s appearing at the marathon of 2022?
A．Confident, B．Supportive. C．Objective. D．Negative.
【答案】24．B 25．A 26．C 27．D
【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了一只治疗犬Spencer在波士顿马拉松比赛中的角色和影响，同
时介绍了其在治疗工作中的表现和对人们的积极影响。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段“Boston Marathon runners in recent years may have seen a smiling furry face
around the two-mile mark. It’s Spencer, the therapy (治疗) dog, who became known as an unofficial mascot (吉祥
物) for the marathon, He’s shown up on the sidelines every year since 2015—rain or shine.(近年来，波士顿马拉
松的跑者们可能在跑完两英里时看到了一张微笑的毛茸茸的脸。这是一只名叫斯宾塞的治疗犬，它被称为
马拉松比赛的非官方吉祥物。自2015年以来，无论晴雨，它每年都会出现在场边)”可知，因为他每年都出
席这个活动，所以斯宾塞被称为波士顿马拉松赛的吉祥物。故选B项。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段“Photos of Spencer, who holds a “Boston Strong” flag in his mouth, went viral,
and he became an inspiration to runners and onlookers alike, During the marathon, some runners stop in their tracks
to take selfies with the dog-the line sometimes growing to 20 runners long.(斯宾塞的照片在网上疯传，他嘴里叼
着一面“Boston Strong”的旗帜，他成为了跑步者和旁观者的一种激励。在马拉松比赛期间，一些跑步者在
跑道上停下来和狗狗自拍，有时队伍会长到20人)”可知，斯宾塞给跑步者带来了激励。故选A项。
26．细节理解题。根据第三段“But in 2020, Spencer was diagnosed with a tumor (肿瘤). His owner wasworried, but Spencer is a fighter. He got the care he needed and survived.(但在2020年，斯宾塞被诊断出患有肿
瘤。他的主人很担心，但斯宾塞是个斗士。他得到了所需的治疗，活了下来)”可知，斯宾塞在2020年与疾
病作斗争。故选C项。
27．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Powers didn’t think his beloved dog would make it out to the marathon of
2022.(鲍尔斯没想到他心爱的狗狗会参加2022年的马拉松比赛)”可知，鲍尔斯刚开始时，不认为斯宾塞会
参加马拉松，所以一开始他的态度是消极的。故选D项。
C
One of the problems damaging our planet is the number of things we throw away. Rubbish of all kinds is
piling up in landfill and polluting our rivers and oceans. A more recent addition to the list of things we throw away
is e-waste — electronic items that are broken and not recycled. Now solutions are being found to give this stuff a
new life.
A UN report claims the 50 million tonnes of e-waste generated every year will more than double to 110
million tonnes by 2050 and that’s partly because it’s cheaper to replace them than fix them, but also because we
lack the skills to repair them.
However, there’s a growing trend for repair events and clubs which could be part of a solution to the growing
amount of electrical and electronic junk. The BBC visited a Restart Project in London. One of its volunteers,
Francesco Calo, said that “this project allows you to reduce waste, extend the life of objects, and it helps people
who cannot afford to get rid of items that have gone wrong.”
As many electrical items contain valuable metals, another idea is e-waste mining. An experiment at the
University of New South Wales involves extracting (提取) these materials from electronic gadgets (部件). It’s
thought that doing this could be more profitable than traditional mining. With phones typically containing as many
as 60 elements, this could be part of the solution to our appetite for new technology.
These projects make total sense — collections of e-waste for recycling are “not growing or even decreasing”
according to Ruediger Kuehr, a professor of the United Nations University. And in countries where there is no
relevant laws, much of it just gets dumped. However, the European Union, for example, is trying to tackle the
problem by insisting manufacturers have to make appliances longer-lasting and will have to supply spare parts for
machines for up to 10 years.
28．What does the underlined part “this stuff” in paragraph 1 refer to?
A．Our planet B．E-waste C．Recycling system D．Rubbish
29．How does Restart Project in London help with e-waste?A．By offering high prices to recycle e-waste. B．By training volunteers to promote e-waste.
C．By creating long-lasting items to avoid e-waste. D．By fixing electrical items to reduce e-waste.
30．Why is traditional mining mentioned in paragraph 4?
A．To emphasize the value of e-waste mining. B．To suggest a way for people to earn a living.
C．To explain the process of e-waste mining.D．To provide a way of dealing with rubbish.
31．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Why our planet is getting worse. B．What can be done to manage e-waste.
C．Why technology is not a good thing. D．How we can protect the environment.
【答案】28．B 29．D 30．A 31．B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现在人们正在寻找办法解决日益严重的电子垃圾问题。
28．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“A more recent addition to the list of things we throw away is e-waste —
electronic items that are broken and not recycled.(最近，我们扔掉的东西清单上又多了一个电子垃圾——坏掉
的、不能回收的电子产品)”可知，现在，人们正在寻找新的解决方案来赋予电子垃圾新的生命。故划线词
指的是“电子垃圾”。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段“However, there’s a growing trend for repair events and clubs which could be part
of a solution to the growing amount of electrical and electronic junk. The BBC visited a Restart Project in London.
(然而，越来越多的维修活动和俱乐部可能成为解决日益增多的电子电气垃圾的一部分。BBC访问了伦敦
的一个重启项目)”可知，伦敦的重启项目通过修理电器来减少电子垃圾，以帮助处理电子垃圾。故选D。
30．推理判断题。根据第四段“As many electrical items contain valuable metals, another idea is e-waste
mining. An experiment at the University of New South Wales involves extracting (提取) these materials from
electronic gadgets (部件). It’s thought that doing this could be more profitable than traditional mining. With phones
typically containing as many as 60 elements, this could be part of the solution to our appetite for new technology.
(由于许多电子产品都含有贵重金属，另一个想法是电子废物开采。新南威尔士大学的一项实验涉及从电子
产品中提取这些材料。人们认为，这样做可能比传统采矿更有利可图。手机通常包含多达60个元素，这可
能是解决我们对新技术需求的一部分)”可推知，第4段提到传统采矿来强调电子垃圾挖掘的价值。故选
A。
31．主旨大意题。根据第一段“A more recent addition to the list of things we throw away is e-waste —
electronic items that are broken and not recycled. Now solutions are being found to give this stuff a new life.(最近，
我们扔掉的东西清单上又多了一个电子垃圾——坏掉的、不能回收的电子产品。现在，人们正在寻找新的
解决方案来赋予这种物质新的生命)”结合文章主要介绍了现在人们正在寻找办法解决日益严重的电子垃圾问题。可知，这篇文章主要讲的是管理电子垃圾可以做些什么。故选B。
D
When the discovery of fossilized (化石的) footprints made in what’s now New Mexico was made public in
2021, it was an astonishing moment for archaeology (考古学), seemingly rewriting a chapter of the human story.
Now new research is offering further evidence of their significance.
While they look like they could have been made yesterday, the footprints were pressed into mud 21,000 to
23,000 years ago, according to radiocarbon dating of the seeds of a water plant that were preserved above and
below the fossils. This date dramatically pushed back the timeline of humans’ history in the Americas, the last land
to be settled by prehistoric people. The 61 dated prints, which were discovered in the Tularosa Basin, near the edge
of an ancient lake in White Sands National Park, were made at a time when many scientists think that massive ice
sheets had stopped human passage into North America, indicating that humans arrived in the region even earlier.
However, some archaeologists questioned the age of the footprints established by those initial findings. They
noted that water plants such as Ruppia cirrhosa — the one used in the 2021 study — can acquire carbon atoms from
the water rather than the air, which can result in a misleadingly early date.
In a follow-up study published Thursday in the journal Science, researchers said they have produced two new
lines of evidence to support their initial dates. “Even as the original work was being published, we were speeding
up to test our results with multiple lines of evidence,” said Kathleen Springer, co-lead author on the new Science
paper, in a news release. “We were confident in our original ages, as well as the strong evidence.”
When and how early humans first moved to the Americas has long been debated and remains poorly
understood. Current estimates range from 13,000 years ago to more than 20,000 years ago. However, the earliest
archaeological evidence for the region’s settlement is insufficient and often controversial, making the footprints
especially important.
32．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A．The purpose of the new research B．The method of the dating
C．The significance of the footprints. D．The efforts of the scientists
33．Why did some archaeologists question the age of the footprints?
A．It goes against the prior knowledge.
B．The prints seem to be made recently.
C．The previous research method is improper.
D．The then massive ice sheets are misleading.34．What will the author probably talk about next?
A．The doubt about the age of the footprints.
B．The new evidence of the fossilized footprints.
C．An agreement between the two sides of the debate.
D．Early humans hardship of moving to the Americas.
35．What is the purpose of the text?
A．To explain the process of archaeological study.
B．To report the discovery of fossilized footprints.
C．To introduce a debate on the age of the footprints.
D．To present the progress of the footprint research.
【答案】32．C 33．C 34．B 35．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍关于脚印化石将人类抵达美洲的时间推迟了的进一步研究。
32．主旨大意题。根据第二段“While they look like they could have been made yesterday, the footprints were
pressed into mud 21,000 to 23,000 years ago, according to radiocarbon dating of the seeds of a water plant that
were preserved above and below the fossils. This date dramatically pushed back the timeline of humans’ history in
the Americas, the last land to be settled by prehistoric people. (尽管这些脚印看起来像是昨天才出现的，但根据
保存在化石上下的一种水生植物种子的放射性碳定年法，这些脚印是在21000到23000年前被压在泥里的。
这个日期大大推迟了人类在美洲的历史时间，美洲是史前人类定居的最后一块土地。)”可知脚印的发现大
大推迟了人类在美洲的历史时间，所以本段主要讲的是脚印的意义，故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段“However, some archaeologists questioned the age of the footprints established
by those initial findings. They noted that water plants such as Ruppia cirrhosa — the one used in the 2021 study —
can acquire carbon atoms from the water rather than the air, which can result in a misleadingly early date. (然而，
一些考古学家质疑这些最初发现的脚印的年代。他们指出，像Ruppia cirrhosa这样的水植物———2021年
研究中使用的水生植物—可以从水而不是空气中获得碳原子，这可能导致误导的早期日期。)”可知考古学
家质疑这些脚印的年代是因为早期研究的方法可能有误导性，故选C。
34．推理判断题。根据最后一段“When and how early humans first moved to the Americas has long been
debated and remains poorly understood. Current estimates range from 13,000 years ago to more than 20,000 years
ago. However, the earliest archaeological evidence for the region’s settlement is insufficient and often
controversial, making the footprints especially important. (早期人类何时以及如何首次迁移到美洲一直是争论
不休的问题，人们对这一问题的了解也很少。目前的估计范围从1.3万年前到2万多年前。然而，该地区最早的考古证据是不充分的，而且经常引起争议，这使得脚印尤为重要。)”可知脚印的研究对早期人类何
时以及如何首次迁移到美洲很重要，故推断作者接下来要谈论脚印化石的新证据。故选B。
35．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其最后一段“When and how early humans first moved to the Americas has
long been debated and remains poorly understood. Current estimates range from 13,000 years ago to more than
20,000 years ago. However, the earliest archaeological evidence for the region’s settlement is insufficient and often
controversial, making the footprints especially important. (早期人类何时以及如何首次迁移到美洲一直是争论
不休的问题，人们对这一问题的了解也很少。目前的估计范围从1.3万年前到2万多年前。然而，该地区
最早的考古证据是不充分的，而且经常引起争议，这使得脚印尤为重要。)”可知文章介绍关于脚印化石将
人类抵达美洲的时间推迟了的进一步研究，D选项“介绍足迹研究的进展。”符合文意，故选D。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When people in your organization come to you to discuss a problem, you give them your best answer and
probably assume you’ve helped them.
3 6 . You’re not being much help if you’re not really listening to them. We’re not talking about the
mere act of listening, but the art of listening, known as active listening. How can you become a more effective
listener? Here are some tips:
Be present. 3 7 . There’re so many things that make you lose focus in the office many of them tech-
related, like instant messaging and email—that you almost can’t help but half listen to anyone who speaks to you,
whether it’s in person or by phone. What you need to do is purposefully practice active listening by bringing
yourself fully into the conversation. 3 8 .
Give the other person your undivided attention. It shows respect and can have a positive impact on your entire
exchange. It also means you’re less likely to misunderstand, or simply miss, what the person is saying to you.
3 9 when a customer or coworker is telling you about a problem you already know how to solve before they’ve
finished speaking. But part of active listening means you need to let them complete their full “download” to you
before you respond.
Understand nonverbal（非语言） changes. 4 0 , but good listeners will also sense what is not being
said, as well as what is verbalized. Learning how to read physical cues, such as facial expressions, takes practice.
Improving these active listening skills will help you get the message and resolve problems faster.
A．Well, it may not be that simple
B．Listening naturally means hearingC．Of course, it’s easy to become impatient
D．Wait for an appropriate moment to politely ask a question
E．Be mindful and concentrate on the message, word for word
F．Truly hearing what the speaker has to say requires your full attention
G．Good active listening skills apply when you’re communicating with others
【答案】36．A 37．F 38．E 39．C 40．B
【解析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了如何成为一个有效的倾听者。
36．上文“When people in your organization come to you to discuss a problem, you give them your best answer
and probably assume you’ve helped them.(当组织中的人来找你讨论问题时，你会给他们最好的答案，并可能
认为你已经帮助了他们)”提到，当别人找你讨论问题时，你给出最好的答案，你可能认为自己已经帮助了
他们，结合下文“You’re not being much help if you’re not really listening to them.(如果你没有认真听他们说
话，你就没有帮上什么忙)”提到如果没有认真听他们讲话，你其实就没有帮上什么忙，故上文提到的“你
可能认为你已经帮助了他们”并不正确，A项“好吧，事情可能没那么简单”符合上下文逻辑关系，故选
A。
37．根据下文“There’re so many things that make you lose focus in the office many of them tech-related, like
instant messaging and email — that you almost can’t help but half listen to anyone who speaks to you, whether it’s
in person or by phone. What you need to do is purposefully practice active listening by bringing yourself fully into
the conversation.(在办公室里，有太多的事情会让你失去注意力——其中很多都与科技有关，比如即时通讯
和电子邮件——你几乎忍不住对任何和你说话的人半信半听，无论是当面还是电话。你需要做的是有意识
地练习积极倾听，让自己全身心地投入到对话中)”可知，本段是说有很多事情会分散你的注意力，需要练
习积极倾听，全身心地投入到谈话中，F项“真正听到说话人要说的话需要你全神贯注”符合本段主题，
故选F。
38．上文“What you need to do is purposefully practice active listening by bringing yourself fully into the
conversation.(你需要做的是有意识地练习积极倾听，让自己全身心地投入到对话中)”提到需要练习积极倾
听，让自己全身心投入，E项“注意并专注于信息，逐字逐句”与此处语义一致，故选E。
39．下文“But part of active listening means you need to let them complete their full ‘download’ to you before
you respond.(但积极倾听的一部分意味着，在你回应之前，你需要让他们完成完整的‘下载’)”提到，在作
出回应之前，要让别人把话说完，空处与下文是转折关系，故是提及别人话还没说完就有所回应的情况，
结合空后“when a customer or coworker is telling you about a problem you already know how to solve before
they’ve finished speaking(当客户或同事还没说完就告诉你一个你已经知道如何解决的问题时)”可知，C项“当然，你很容易变得不耐烦”符合语境，故选C。
40．根据空后“but good listeners will also sense what is not being said, as well as what is verbalized(但好的倾听
者也会感觉到什么是没有说出来的，以及用语言表达出来的内容)”可知，空处与下文是转折关系，所以空
处是说倾听者只听到别人说出来的内容，B项“倾听自然意味着听见的内容”符合语境，故选B。
第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分45分)
第一节(共20小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分30分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In January 2008, Rachel Lapierre, a full-time nurse and part-time volunteer aid worker, made a life-changing
decision. After an exhausting day at work she 41 a $4 lottery ticket (彩票) at a local store. At that
moment, Rachel made a(n) 4 2 — if she struck it lucky with the lottery, she would 43 her
nursing career. Because humanitarian (人道主义) work was what she had longed to 44 her life to. When
Rachel scratched the ticket, she discovered she had won a big 45 — $675,000.
True to her word, Lapierre spent all her life through her 46 project, Le Book Humanitaire. It began
as a humble 47 of good deeds in a simple notebook, which she used to keep track of what she had done
to 48 those living in the small communities around her. To her, they were just small acts of 49
— buying clothes for newly arrived immigrants, or delivering 50 to lonely seniors. But 51
started spreading, and a Facebook page she created for the project became a(n) 52 way to answer
requests from those in need.
Over the years, Le Book has 53 a remarkable team of 80 volunteers. This nonprofit 54
has become a hope for the community. The notebook itself has since been replaced by dozens more, 55
millions of deeds. In 2022 alone, it 56 nearly 450,000 acts of service, 57 the lives of countless
individuals.
Le Book Humanitaire, born from Rachel’s lottery win, continues to be a source of 58 for the
community. “When you do a good deed, it has a butterfly effect,” says Lapierre. “One good deed can 59
10 people. So if we all do a good deed? That can 60 the world.”
41．A．booked B．bought C．noticed D．delivered
42．A．agreement B．choice C．wish D．deal
43．A．quit B．earn C．fund D．improve
44．A．adapt B．ease C．devote D．compare
45．A．prize B．competition C．game D．profit46．A．team B．research C．nursing D．charity
47．A．comment B．plan C．survey D．record
48．A．pay B．help C．treat D．attract
49．A．encouragementB．bravery C．generosity D．kindness
50．A．orders B．messages C．meals D．speeches
51．A．word B．money C．dream D．career
52．A．valuable B．unusual C．efficient D．positive
53．A．worked with B．developed into C．accounted for D．focused on
54．A．research B．organization C．firm D．hospital
55．A．representing B．imitating C．predicting D．recommending
56．A．designed B．completed C．invested D．introduced
57．A．rescuing B．deciding C．protecting D．touching
58．A．inspiration B．enthusiasm C．relief D．fantasy
59．A．assist B．shape C．affect D．liberate
60．A．explore B．satisfy C．rule D．save
【答案】
41．B 42．C 43．A 44．C 45．A 46．D 47．D 48．B 49．D 50．C
51．A 52．C 53．B 54．B 55．A 56．B 57．D 58．A 59．C 60．D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了中彩票的Rachel Lapierre信守诺言，辞去了护士的工作，并通过她
的项目“Le Book Humanitaire”致力于帮助他人，她认为一件好事可以影响十个人。如果我们都做一件好事
就可以拯救世界。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：劳累了一天后，她在当地一家商店买了一张4美元的彩票。A. booked预定；
B. bought购买；C. noticed注意到；D. delivered递送。根据后文“a $4 lottery ticket at a local store”指在商店
购买彩票。故选B。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，瑞秋许下了一个愿望——如果她中了彩票，她将放弃她的护理
事业。A. agreement协议；B. choice选择；C. wish希望；D. deal交易。根据后文“if she struck it lucky with
the lottery”可知是在许愿中彩票然后辞职。故选C。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，瑞秋许下了一个愿望——如果她中了彩票，她将放弃她的护理
事业。A. quit停止，放弃；B. earn赚得；C. fund资助；D. improve改善。根据后文提到她中了彩票就投身
到自己的Le Book Humanitaire项目中，可知如果她中了彩票，她将放弃她的护理事业。故选A。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为人道主义工作是她一直渴望奉献一生的事业。A. adapt适应；B. ease缓解；C. devote奉献；D. compare比较。根据后文“Lapierre spent all her life through her”可知，人道主义工
作是她一直渴望奉献一生的事业。故选C。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当瑞秋刮开彩票时，她发现自己中了一大笔钱——67.5万美元。A. prize奖
品；B. competition比赛；C. game游戏；D. profit利润。根据后文“$675,000”可知，瑞秋的彩票中的中奖
了。故选A。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：拉皮埃尔信守诺言，把她的一生都花在了她的慈善项目“人道主义书”上。
A. team队伍；B. research研究；C. nursing护理；D. charity慈善。根据后文“This nonprofit”提到这个组织
是非营利性的，以及她帮助别人可知是慈善组织。故选D。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，她只是在一个简单的笔记本上记录她所做的善事，她用它来记录她
为帮助周围小社区的人所做的事情。A. comment评论；B. plan计划；C. survey调查表；D. record记录。根
据后文“of good deeds in a simple notebook, which she used to keep track of what she had done”指她在一个简单
的笔记本上记录她所做的善事，故选D。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，她只是在一个简单的笔记本上记录她所做的善事，她用它来记录她
为帮助周围小社区的人所做的事情。A. pay支付；B. help帮助；C. treat对待；D. attract吸引。根据后文
“buying clothes for newly arrived immigrants”可知，她把自己帮助别人的事情记录下来。故选B。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对她来说，这些都是小小的善举——为新移民买衣服，或者给孤独的老人
送饭。A. encouragement鼓励；B. bravery勇敢；C. generosity慷慨；D. kindness善良。后文“buying clothes
for newly arrived immigrants”提到为新移民买衣服是小的善举。故选D。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对她来说，这些都是小小的善举——为新移民买衣服，或者给孤独的老人
送饭。A. orders订单；B. messages信息；C. meals餐食；D. speeches演讲。根据后文“to lonely seniors”可
知，善举包括给孤独老人送饭。故选C。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是消息开始传播开来，她为这个项目创建的Facebook页面成为了一个有
效的方式来回答那些有需要的人的请求。A. word单词，消息；B. money金钱；C. dream梦想；D. career事
业。根据后文“started spreading, and a Facebook page she created for the project”指她帮助他人的消息传播开
来，故选A。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是消息开始传播开来，她为这个项目创建的Facebook页面成为了一个
有效的方式来回答那些有需要的人的请求。A. valuable宝贵的；B. unusual不寻常的；C. efficient效率高的；
D. positive积极的。根据后文“way to answer requests from those in need”可知，她为这个项目创建的
Facebook页面成为了一个有效的方式来回答那些有需要的人的请求。故选C。
53．考查动词短语辨析。句意：多年来，乐书已经发展成为一支由80名志愿者组成的卓越团队。A.worked with和……工作；B. developed into发展；C. accounted for解释；D. focused on集中。根据后文“a
remarkable team of 80 volunteers”可知，这个组织已经发展成为一支由80名志愿者组成的卓越团队。故选
B。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个非营利组织已经成为社区的希望。A. research研究；B. organization组
织；C. firm公司；D. hospital医院。此处指上文“project, Le Book Humanitaire”提到的非营利组织Le Book
Humanitaire。故选B。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，笔记本本身已经被几十个笔记本取代，代表着数百万的事迹。
A. representing代表；B. imitating模仿；C. predicting预测；D. recommending推荐。上文“The notebook
itself has since been replaced by dozens more”可知，这些笔记本代表着数百万的事迹。故选A。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：仅在2022年，它就完成了近45万项服务，触及了无数人的生活。A.
designed设计；B. completed完成；C. invested投资；D. introduced介绍。根据后文“nearly 450,000 acts of
service”指这个组织完成了近45万项服务，故选B。
57．考查动词词义辨析。句意：仅在2022年，它就完成了近45万项服务，触及了无数人的生活。A.
rescuing救援；B. deciding决定；C. protecting保护；D. touching触动。根据后文“the lives of countless
individuals”可知，组织提供的服务触及了无数人的生活。故选D。
58．考查名词词义辨析。句意：瑞秋彩票中奖后成立的Le Book Humanitaire一直是社区的灵感来源。A.
inspiration灵感；B. enthusiasm热情；C. relief安慰；D. fantasy幻想。后文“When you do a good deed, it has
a butterfly effect(当你做一件好事时，它会产生蝴蝶效应)”提到了做好事会有蝴蝶效应，说明Le Book
Humanitaire成了社区的灵感来源。故选A。
59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一件好事可以影响十个人。A. assist帮助；B. shape塑造；C. affect影响；
D. liberate解放。根据上文“When you do a good deed, it has a butterfly effect(当你做一件好事时，它会产生
蝴蝶效应)”可知，蝴蝶效应表明好事有广泛的影响力。故选C。
60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这可以拯救世界。A. explore探索；B. satisfy满足；C. rule统治；D. save
拯救。上文提到一件好事可以影响十个人，那么如果都做好事，将可以拯救世界。故选D。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In some parts of northern China, “dikengyuan” in Mandarin, which means “ground hole courtyards,” is a type
of cave dwellings (“yaodong”) commonly 61 (find) in the Loess Plateau in northern China. Academic
literature mentions they came into 62 (exist) about 7,000 years ago.
The soil of the Loess Plateau, 63 these cave dwellings are built, is an effective substance that cankeep people warm during the winter. More 64 (important), the yellow earth of the Loess is not only soft
and easy 65 (dig) into, but also strong enough that it can hold together even without support.
While the size of the courtyard 66 (vary), the cave dwellings can go up to 12 meters long. After a
ground hole is dug for the courtyard, the rooms 67 (carve) out from the four walls of the sunken
courtyard.
Some scholars outside China consider the dwellings to be a natural adaptation to the climatic patterns in that
region, with 68 (freeze) and long winters, and extremely burning summer heat.
While these houses have been around for thousands of years, 69 government only listed them as
part of China’s intangible cultural heritage in 2011.
Many of these ancient homes, especially in the Shanzhou district of Sanmenxia City in China’s Henan
province, have been restored and turned 70 tourist attractions.
【答案】
61．found 62．existence 63．where 64．importantly 65．to dig 66．varies 67．are
carved 68．freezing 69．the 70．into
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了北方一些地区所修建的“地坑院”。
61．考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国北方的一些地区，“地坑院”在普通话中的意思是“地面洞院”，是
一种常见于中国北方黄土高原的窑洞住宅(“窑洞”)。分析句子结构可知find与逻辑主语cave dwellings构
成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填found。
62．考查名词。句意：学术文献提到它们大约在7000年前就存在了。短语come into existence表示“存
在”。故填existence。
63．考查定语从句。句意：这些窑洞就建在黄土高原上，那里的土壤是一种有效的物质，可以让人们在冬
天保持温暖。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the Loess Plateau，在从句作地点状语，故填where。
64．考查副词。句意：更重要的是，黄土的黄土不仅柔软易挖，而且足够坚固，即使没有支撑也能保持在
一起。修饰后文句子，应用副词importantly，故填importantly。
65．考查非谓语动词。句意：更重要的是，黄土的黄土不仅柔软易挖，而且足够坚固，即使没有支撑也能
保持在一起。此处为be easy to do sth.表示“容易做某事”。故填to dig。
66．考查时态。句意：虽然院落大小不一，但窑洞最长可达12米。作谓语，且陈述事实用一般现在时，主
语为the size of the courtyard，谓语用三单形式。故填varies。
67．考查时态语态。句意：在为庭院挖了一个地面洞后，房间从下沉庭院的四面墙上雕刻出来。主语与谓
语构成被动关系，且陈述事实用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为rooms，谓语用复数。故填are carved。68．考查形容词。句意：中国以外的一些学者认为，这些住宅是对该地区气候模式的自然适应，冬季寒冷
而漫长，夏季极其炎热。修饰名词winters应用形容词freezing。故填freezing。
69．考查冠词。句意：虽然这些房屋已经存在了数千年，但政府在2011年才将它们列为中国非物质文化遗
产的一部分。此处government为特指应用定冠词。故填the。
70．考查介词。句意：许多这样的古宅，特别是在中国河南省三门峡市的山州区，已经被修复并变成了旅
游景点。短语turn into表示“变成”。故填into。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分35分)
第一节 短文改错 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，
每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I discovered the joy of playing table tennis when I enter high school. At first, I was hesitant to try the sport, but
after watching a few excited matches, I was attracted. I started practicing with friends and soon joined in a local
club. I spent countless hours perfecting my skills or learning new strategies. My hard work paid back when I won
my first tournament, what inspired me to work harder. Play table tennis became a way for me to forget the pressure
of high school. It also taught us valuable lessons about teamwork and hard works. Though I’ve graduated, I will
always treasure memories of those days.
【答案】1.enter→entered
2. excited→exciting
3.删除in
4.or→and
5.back→off
6.what→which
7.Play→Playing
8.us→me
9.works→work
10.在memories前加the【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者高中时喜欢上打乒乓球的经历。
1.考查动词时态。句意：当我进入高中时，我发现了打乒乓球的乐趣。根据句意及主句时态可知，此处是
描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故将enter改为entered。
2.考查形容词。句意：起初，我对尝试这项运动犹豫不决，但在观看了几场激动人心的比赛后，我被吸引
了。此处修饰名词“matches”，应用形容词exciting“令人激动的，令人兴奋的”，excited“兴奋的，激动
的”常修饰人的感情，故将excited改为exciting。
3.考查动词用法。句意：我开始和朋友一起练习，很快就加入了当地的一个俱乐部。根据“a local club”可
知，此处表示“加入俱乐部”，应用动词join，join in意为“参加活动”，故删除in。
4.考查连词。句意：我花了无数的时间来完善我的技能，学习新的策略。“perfecting my skills”和“learning
new strategies”之间是并列顺承关系，不是选择关系，应用连词and连接，or“或者”表示选择，故将or改
为and。
5.考查动词短语。句意：当我第一次赢得比赛时，我的努力得到了回报，这激励我更加努力。根据“when
I won my first tournament”可知，此处指“我的努力得到了回报”，应用动词短语pay off，pay back意为
“偿还，报复”，不符合题意，故将back改为off。
6.考查定语从句。句意同上。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是主句内容，关系词在从句中作主语，
应用关系代词which引导，故将what改为which。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意：打乒乓球成了我忘记高中压力的一种方式。此处作主语，应用动名词形式，故
将Play改为Playing。
8.考查代词。句意：它也教会了我关于团队合作和努力工作的宝贵经验。结合上下文可知，此处是打乒乓
球带给自己带来的好处，指“它也教会了我……”，应用代词me作宾语，故将us改为me。
9.考查不可数名词。句意同上。work表示“工作”时，是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故将works改为
work。
10.考查定冠词。句意：虽然我已经毕业了，但我将永远珍惜那些日子的回忆。根据“of those days”可知，
此处特指“那些日子的回忆”，用定冠词the修饰，故在memories前加the。
第二节 书面表达 (满分25分)
假如你是李华，在你校举办的“用英语讲好中国故事”(Chinese Stories Retold in English)活动中，你获得一
等奖。你的英国笔友John发来邮件向你表示祝贺并想了解你讲的故事， 请你给他写一封回信， 内容包括：
1.感谢关注；
2.故事概况；
3.参加活动的感受。注意: 1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯。
Dear John,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear John,
Having received your congratulations on my winning first prize in the activity, Chinese Stories Retold in
English, I’m writing to express my heartfelt thanks for your concern and introduce the story —Chinese Silk.
Dating back to the Western Zhou period, Chinese silk boasts a long history of over 3,000 years. Legend has it
that Leizu, the wife of the Yellow Emperor, discovered the silk-making process. There was an ancient trade and
communication route called “The Silk Road”, promoting the exchange of ideas and goods between China and other
civilizations. Soft and elegant, Chinese silk has a significant economic impact and plays a crucial role in cultural
exchanges.
The activity has not only deepened my understanding of Chinese culture, but also strengthened my courage to
speak English. I hope you can come to China to experience our culture.
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】本篇是应用文写作。你在你校举办的“用英语讲好中国故事”活动中，你获得一等奖。你的英国
笔友John发来邮件向你表示祝贺并想了解你讲的故事，要求考生给他写一封回信。
1. 词汇积累
表达：express→convey
叫作：call→name
促进：promote→improve
影响：impact→effect
2. 句式拓展简单句变复合句
原句：There was an ancient trade and communication route called “The Silk Road”, promoting the exchange of
ideas and goods between China and other civilizations.
拓展句：There was an ancient trade and communication route called “The Silk Road”, which promoted the
exchange of ideas and goods between China and other civilizations.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Dating back to the Western Zhou period, Chinese silk boasts a long history of over 3,000
years.(运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2]The activity has not only deepened my understanding of Chinese culture, but also strengthened my
courage to speak English.(not only...but also...句型)
