专题16记叙文类七选五（解析版）_3.2025英语总复习_2023年新高考资料_二轮复习_2023年高考英语毕业班二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（新高考专用）288150943

专题 16 记叙文类七选五（解析版） 通过对全国卷近5年高考阅读理解题进行分析，给我们如下启示： 1.题材以说明文为主,但应注意考查记叙文、议论文的可能性，复习时也应注意； 2.包含新课标中的全部主题语境，但以人与社会主题为主； 4.标题时有时无； 3.设空以短中、段首为主，段中是考察重点，断尾一般最多设一题； 一、思维导图1. 七选五文章结构 七选五的语篇结构有以下四种类型： 七选五通常是“总—分(—总)”结构，偶尔是“总—分—分”结构，把握住这个”总—分(—总)”的整 体结构和段际关系，对于标题类和主题句类设空的解答大有帮助。 2020新高考Ⅱ卷 Talking with your doctor Talking freely with your doctor can make you feel better… Here are some tips for talking with your doctor. ● Stay positive. ● Keep track of how you are feeling. ● ____39____Your medical history is a list of your illnesses, treatments, what the doctors told you to do, and anything else you think your doctor should know. Also, if you are allergic (过敏) to any medicines, be sure to mention that to your doctor. ● Ask questions. 2.掌握语篇的衔接手段  语篇的衔接手段主要有语法手段(如指代等)和词汇手段(如复现关系、同现关系等)。 (1)语法手段(指代)  凡在选项中或空格前、后句中遇到代词，我们要思考该代词替代上文中的什么内容，意义是否通顺。如： (2020年全国Ⅱ卷) In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play. ____36____. It’s been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work. D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally G. An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform (2) 词汇手段(复现/同现) ① 词语复现：如果空格前、后句中与正确选项中含有相同的一个或几个词，叫原词或同词复现；如果前 后句与选项中没有相同的词，但有同义表达，叫同义复现。 (2020年新高考Ⅱ卷) ● Keep track of how you are feeling. ____38____ This will make it easier for you to answer questions about your symptoms (症状) and how medicines make you feel. It also makes it easier for you to bring up anything that you are worried about. Make sure to be honest about how you feel and how long you’ve felt that way.C. You can talk to another doctor if the treatments don’t work. D. Before your doctor’s visit, keep notes on how you are feeling. ② 词语同现：就是有相互关联的词语在上下文中有同时出现的可能性。如school, teacher, student, headmaster, class, test, fail, pass, learn等词就有可能在同一篇文章中同时出现。如： (2014全国Ⅰ卷) Your children need to be deeply curious. ____37____Ask kids, “What ingredients (配料) can we add to make these pancakes even better next time?” A. Encourage kids to cook with you. C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways. ③ 结构复现：就是句子结构重复出现，常有also作为标志词。如： (2019全国Ⅱ卷) ____37____More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself, your values, your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires, etc. Only then should you set your goals. B. So how should you motivate yourself? D. So why should we try to set specific goals? 3.把握句际的逻辑关系 (1) 总分关系:要求考生根据“总(主题句)”选“分(支撑句或分述句)”,也可能根据“分”选“总”。如： (2020年全国Ⅰ卷) ____37____ Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own; you are the only you in this world. F. Stop comparing yourself with others. G. When does the comparison game start? (2) 转折关系: (2015全国Ⅰ卷) … look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 40 Instead, it’s a healthyway to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness. D. Remember that you can expect the best in return. G. Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened. (3) 因果关系: (2019全国Ⅱ卷) You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work.____39____So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity (清晰) of thoughts can help you move forward. A. This can affect your work. E. They can change according to circumstances. (4) 举例或列举关系: (2016年Ⅲ卷) Everyone knows that fish is good for health. __39__ But it seems that many people don’t cook fish at home. F. When buying fish, you should first smell it. G. The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease. 4.重视语篇的明显标志 (1) 行文标志: (2018全国Ⅱ卷) ●Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake… ●Your metabolism (新陈代谢) gets a head start.… ● 39 Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited. A. You will stick to your diet. B. Your quality of sleep improves. C. You prefer healthy food to fast food. (2) 标点符号:(2015全国Ⅱ卷) During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day. 38 , it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run. A. After six days B. For a good marathon runner 2. 七选五文章解题策略 ▲试题的位置不同，解题策略也不同 （1）若问题在段首 （i）通常是段落主题句。认真阅读该段落，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关词 或者同义词，从而推测出主题句，找到答案。 （ii）与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第 一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找 相关特征词。一般来说正确答案与它后面的一句话的在意 思上是衔接的，所以通常情况下，这两句话中会有某种的衔接手段。 （iii）段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻 后望找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容， 看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。 （2）若问题在段尾 （i）空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。 （ii）通常是 结论、概括性语句。要注意表示总结的信号词，如therefore, as a result, hence, thus, to sum up, to conclude, in short, in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。 （iii）与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意 在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所 讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、 对比关系。 （vi）与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他 细节，因此 根据段落一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词，通常在选项中会出现表示并列/递 进关系 的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他信号线索。前面的一句与正确答案的第 一 句是紧密相连的。要特别注意阅读这样相连的两句，通常会找到关键的线索词句。（i）所选答案是引 出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头 是否有一定的衔接。 认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。（iv）如果第一段的段尾是空白，要 认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主 题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一 些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案中应有这样的特征词。 （3）若问题是一整个自然段 （i）承上启下是这个段落的主要任务，且自成一体，所以会有一个该 段落主旨。考生可以从选项中较长的选项开始阅读，以此类推直至找到正确答案。 （ii）着重阅读前一段 结尾和后一段开头的一两句查找相关的线索，而且重要线索通常会在后一段开头， 因此后一段开头往往比前一段结尾更为重要。 （iii）分析段落之间的逻辑关系及内容的连贯性，注意段落间的衔接手段。将选 项代入原文，如果前后内容连贯，符合逻辑，就能得出正确答案。 简单来说，最主要的两个步骤就是1.理清文章的逻辑和结构，2.在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是 线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节， 排除相近的选项。 二、高考真题 一、2022年高考真题 1．【2022年全国甲卷】 You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs. For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. Their ___41___ was nearly enough to keep my loneliness at bay. Nearly. Last year, I started dating, but with ___42___. When I first dated Steve, I ___43___ he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was ___44___ that he was an animal lover, I ___45___ that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack ___46___, the cat. The next week we ___47___ our dogs together. It was a hot day. When we paused to catch our ___48___, Steve got down on one knee. Was he proposing (求婚)? I liked him too, but so ___49___? He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. ______50______, I began to fall for him. We ______51______ to date, though neither of us brought up the future. And then in late November, Tilly had an operation on her ______52______. I took the dogs out four times a day, and I worried that Tilly ______53______ climbing the stairs could reopen the wound. Then Steve ______54______ his house. All worked ______55______. The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching, ______56______ Flora’s space; Steve and I formed a good team ______57______ for Tilly. We made good housemates. A year later, much to my ______58______, this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me. He did not kneel (跪) down, nor did I ______59______ him to. That’s only for giving ______60______ to the dogs that brought us together. 41. A. ownership B. membership C. companionship D. leadership 42. A. reservations B. expectations C. confidence D. prejudice 43. A. feared B. doubted C. hoped D. learned 44. A. unsatisfied B. amused C. terrified D. thrilled 45. A. predicted B. worried C. regretted D. insisted46. A. Flora B. Chance C. Molly D. Tilly 47. A. tied B. walked C. bathed D. fed 48. A. breath B. balance C. attention D. imagination 49. A. calm B. sure C. soon D. real 50. A. By the way B. In that case C. By all means D. In that moment 51. A. continued B. decided C. intended D. pretended 52. A. eye B. tail C. ear D. leg 53. A. secretly B. constantly C. eventually D. unwillingly 54. A. left B. sold C. suggested D. searched 55. A. late B. hard C. fine D. free 56. A. emptied B. respected C. occupied D. discovered 57. A. looking B. caring C. waiting D. calling 58. A. delight B. credit C. interest D. disadvantage 59. A. beg B. trust C. need D. aid 60. A. toys B. awards C. food D. water 【答案】 41. C 46. A 51. A 56. B 42. A 47. B 52. D 57. B 43. D 48. A 53. B 58. A 44. D 49. C 54. C 59. C 45. B 50. D 55. C 60. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者认为你可以从一个男人对待他的狗的方式来了解他很 多，作者多年和两只爱犬生活在一起，去年开始和拥有猫狗的史蒂夫约会，但有所保留，因为一次遛狗时 史蒂夫把水给自己的爱犬喝，作者渐渐对史蒂夫产生好感，在之后的接触中，史蒂夫和作者一起照顾作者 的爱犬，一年后史蒂夫向作者求婚。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们的陪伴几乎足以让我远离孤独。A. ownership所有权；B. membership 会员；C. companionship陪伴；D. leadership领导。由上文的“For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. (多年来，我喜欢和我的狗Tilly和Chance生活在一起)”可知，作者多年和狗狗生活在一 起，可得出狗狗陪伴着作者，让作者远离孤独。故选C项。【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年，我开始约会，但有所保留。A. reservations保留；B. expectations期 望；C. confidence信心；D. prejudice偏见。由下文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，递给我的狗)”和“I began to fall for him (我开始爱上他)”可知，作 者是在第二周和史蒂夫一起遛狗时，因为史蒂夫把水给自己的爱犬喝，作者才对史蒂夫产生好感，可得出 刚开始约会时，因为不熟悉史蒂夫的品行，作者还是有所保留的。故选A项。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时，我得知他有一条名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫 Flora的猫。A. feared恐惧；B. doubted怀疑；C. hoped希望；D. learned得知。由上文的“When I first dated Steve (当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时)”和常识可知，第一次约会会得知对方相关情况，作者从而得知史蒂夫 有一只狗和一只猫。故选D项。 【44题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我 的 狗可能会攻击猫Flora。A. unsatisfied不满意的；B. amused愉快的；C. terrified害怕的；D. thrilled非常开心 的。由下文的“he was an animal lover (他是一个动物爱好者)”可知，得知史蒂夫是一个动物爱好者，多年 和两只爱犬生活在一起的作者应该是感到愉快高兴。故选D项。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗 可能会攻击猫Flora。A. predicted预测；B. worried担心；C. regretted后悔；D. insisted坚持。由下文的 “three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack 6 the cat (三条狗可能太多了，我的狗 可能会攻击猫)”可知，作者认为三条狗可能太多了，且自己的狗可能会攻击史蒂夫的猫，针对这种情况， 作者是担忧的。故选B项。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗 可能会攻击猫Flora。A. Flora弗洛拉；B. Chance机会；C. Molly莫莉；D. Tilly蒂莉。选项指的是文中动物 名词。由上文的“he had a dog, Molly, and a car, Flora (他有一条名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora的猫)”可 知，此处指作者担心自己的狗可能会攻击史蒂夫的猫Flora。故选A项。 【47题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二周，我们一起遛狗。A. tied系；B. walked牵着（动物）走；C. bathed 沐浴；D. fed喂养。由本处的“ 7 our dogs together (一起……我们的狗)”以及下文“When we paused”可知，作者和史蒂夫在一起遛狗。故选B项。 【48题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们停下来休息时，史蒂夫单膝跪下。A. breath呼吸；B. balance平 衡；C. attention注意力；D. imagination想象。由上文的“It was a hot day. When we paused (那是一个炎热的 日子。当我们停下)”可知，那天很热，遛狗的二人停下来休息一下，catch one’s breath (休息一下、歇一口 气)。 故选A项。 【49题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我也喜欢他，但这么快？A. calm冷静的；B. sure确定的；C. soon很快 的；D real真正的。由上文的“The next week (第二周)”和“Was he proposing (求婚)? (他在求婚吗)”可知， 二人才认识两周，作者以为史蒂夫要向自己求婚，认为进展太快了。故选C项。 【50题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：就在那一刻，我开始爱上他。A. By the way顺便说一句；B. In that case那 样的话；C. By all means务必；D. In that moment那一刻。由上文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，递给我的狗)”和下文的“I began to fall for him (我 开始爱上他)”可知，就在史蒂夫把水给作者爱犬喝的那一刻，还有所保留的作者卸下心防，对史蒂夫产生 好感。故选D项。 【51题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们继续约会，虽然我们都没有提到未来。A. continued继续；B. decided 决定；C. intended打算；D. pretended假装。由上文的“I began to fall for him (我开始爱上他)”可知，作者对 史蒂夫产生好感，可得出二人会继续约会。故选A项。 【52题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：11月下旬，Tilly的腿做了一次手术。A. eye眼睛；B. tail尾巴；C. ear耳 朵；D. leg腿。由下文的“I worried that Tilly 13 climbing the stairs could reopen the wound (我担心Tilly 爬楼梯会使伤口重新裂开)”可知，作者担心爬楼会影响Tilly的伤口，可得出Tilly的腿做了手术。故选D 项。 【53题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我一天带狗出去四次，我担心Tilly不断地爬楼梯会使伤口重新裂开。A. secretly秘密地；B. constantly不断地；C. eventually最终；D. unwillingly不情愿地。由上文的“I took the dogs out four times a day (我一天带狗出去四次)”可知，作者一天带狗出去四次，可得出狗狗（包括Tilly） 要不断地爬楼梯。故选B项。【54题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后史蒂夫离开了他的房子。A. left离开；B. sold卖；C. suggested建议， 推荐；D. searched搜寻。由下文的“We made good housemates. (我们是很好的室友)”可知，二人成为室 友。可以推断出来，因为害怕作者的狗爬楼梯不方便，所以建议作者搬过去一起住。故选C项。 【55题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一切都很好。A. late晚的；B. hard困难的；C. fine好的；D. free自由 的。由下文的“The three dogs formed a pack (这三条狗组成了一个团队)”和“Steve and I formed a good team (史蒂夫和我组成了一个好团队)”“We made good housemates. (我们是很好的室友)”可知，狗狗相处友好，作 者和史蒂夫相处也友好，可得出一切都好。故选C项。 【56题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下，尊重Flora的空间；史蒂夫和我组 成了一个照顾Tilly的好团队。A. emptied清空；B. respected尊重；C. occupied占据；D. discovered发现。 由上文的“my dogs might attack 6 , the cat (我的狗可能会攻击猫)”和“The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching (这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下)”可知，起初作者担心自己的狗会攻击史蒂夫的猫 Flora，但作者的狗和史蒂夫的狗相处友好，可得出在训练下，狗不会去攻击猫，结合动物的领地意识可 知，此处指狗尊重猫的空间。故选B项。 【57题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下，尊重Flora的空间；史蒂夫和我组 成了一个照顾Tilly的好团队。A. looking看；B. caring照顾；C. waiting等待；D. calling打电话。由上文的 “Tilly had an operation (Tilly做了一次手术)”可知，作者的狗Tilly做过手术，史蒂夫和作者一起居住后， 和作者一起照顾术后康复的Tilly。故选B项。 【58题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一年后，令我非常高兴的是，这个男人拿出一个带戒指的小盒子向我求 婚。A. delight高兴；B. credit信用；C. interest兴趣；D. disadvantage缺点。由下文的“this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me (这个男人拿出一个带戒指的小盒子向我求婚)”可知，史蒂夫向作者 求婚，作者应该是感到高兴。故选A项。 【59题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有跪下，我也不需要他跪下。A. beg乞求；B. trust信任；C. need需 要；D. aid帮助。由上文的“He did not kneel (跪) down (他没有跪下)”和常识可知，一般求婚是要下跪的， 但史蒂夫没有下跪，作者对此并不在意，因为作者不需要他下跪。故选C项。【60题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是给爱犬喝水的举动把我们带到一起。A. toys玩具；B. awards奖励； C. food食物；D. water水。由上文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. 10 , I began to fall for him. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，递给我的狗。我开始爱上他)”可知，就在史蒂夫把 水给作者爱犬喝的那一刻，还有所保留的作者卸下心防，对史蒂夫产生好感，所以是“给爱犬喝水”的举 动让二人走到了一起。故选D项。 2．【2022年1月浙江卷】 When Beverley Burdeyney turned seventy-four last year, she started having problems with her 36 , notably dryness and discomfort. "I was simply 37 a terrible experience," Ms. Burdeyney said at her home in Toronto. "I felt so helpless and insecure because the quality of my 38 was affected." Ms. Burdeyney talked to some friends who had 39 problems and discovered that they were largely suffering in 40 . "Nobody chooses to talk about it because it seems so 41 ," she said. "But more and more are suffering and lives are being 42 ." Eventually, Ms. Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research 43 at Tel Aviv University in Israel .The research team 44 Canadian doctor Allan Slomovic, who has done 45 work on eye care using stem cells. Seeing a ray of hope ,Ms.Burdeyney began raising 46 for the project with a friend, Toronto businessman Meyer Zeifman. 47 she has raised $110,000 with another $40,000 48 . "I'm trying to get more and more people to 49 that there are solutions(解决办法)," said Ms. Burdeyney, a trained nurse who is still working as a personal trainer after 50 . "I say there is no old 51 , there's only neglect(忽视). Don't stand 52 , do something about it." Ms. Burdeyney 53 that she was hoping to do more for the research project. "I just want to bring54 into people's eyes and this is just the 55 ."There is still a long way to go.” 36. A.throat B.skin C.lungs D.eyes 37. A.gettingover B.goingthrough C.holdingon D.passingdown 38. A.story B.treatment C.life D.relationship 39. A.similar B.various C.personal D.special 40. A.turn B.peace C.vain D.silence 41. A.unbearable B.abnormal C.insignificant D.disturbing42. A.compromised B.forgotten C.substituted D.separated 43. A.course B.program C.paper D.conference 44. A.informed B.doubted C.included D.dismissed 45. A.part-time B.controversial C.voluntary D.ground-breaking 46. A.money B.standards C.awareness D.questions 47. A.asever B.Sofar C.Inreturn D.Onceagain 48. A.wasted B.donated C.expected D.earned 49. A.imagine B.confirm C.remember D.understand 50. A.retirement B.childbirth C.graduation D.marriage 51. A.time B.rule C.age D.tale 52. A.straight B.still C.firm D.alone 53. A.commented B.learned C.reminded D.added 54. A.light B.joy C.color D.beauty 55. A.future B.beginning C.truth D.meaning 【答案】36-40:DBCAD 41-45CABCD 46-50ABCDA 51-55CBDAB 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位患有眼疾的老太太在得知自己的朋友也饱受眼疾困扰后，为 眼科研究项目募集资金，希望能够给眼疾病人带来光明的故事。 【详解】 【36 题详解】D 根据下文 Ms．Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research 可知， Burdeyney 女士患的是眼部（eyes）疾病。 【37 题详解】B 根据上文 Burdeyney 女士患了眼疾，主要症状为眼部干涩不适可知，她在经历 （going through）一种糟糕的体验。 【38 题详解】C 患眼疾之后，Burdeyney 女士感到十分无助且缺乏安全感，这是由于眼疾影响了她 的生活（life）质量。 【39 题详解】A 根据下文...discovered that they were largely suffering... more and more are suffering and lives are being...可知，Burdeyney 女士应该是和一 些患有相似（similar）疾病的朋友们交谈。 【40 题详解】D 根据下文的 Nobody chooses to talk about it 可知，大部分眼疾患者都保持沉默 （silence）。 【41 题详解】C 根据上句和所在句的句意可知，患者们默默地忍受病痛，不去谈论自己的眼疾，以 及后句But...推知，眼疾在人们看来是微不足道的（insignificant）疾病，其余选项均不符合句意。【42 题详解】A But引出语意的转折，点明了患者们的生活现状，即越来越多的人遭受眼疾困扰，生 活受到影响，深陷无奈（compromised）。 【43 题详解】B 根据最后一段中的 the research project可知，这是一个眼科研究项目(program)。 【44 题详解】C 由下文内容可知，加拿大医生 Allan Slomovic是这一研究团队的一员，即这一团队 包括（included）这名医生。 【45 题详解】D 根据下文的 using stem cells 和 Seeing a ray of hope 可知，AllanSlomovic 医生利用 干细胞在眼保健方面做出了开创性的（ground-breaking）工作，这让Burdeyney 女士看到一线希望。 【46 题详解】A 根据下文的 she has raised ＄110,000 with another ＄40,000...可知，Burdeyney 女士 为这一研究项目募集资金（money）。 【47 题详解】B 根据空白处后的she has raised ＄110,000可知，此处是说到目前为止（So far），她 已经募集了11万美元。 【48 题详解】C Burdeyney 女士已经募集了11万美元，预计（expected）还能再募集4万美元。 【49 题详解】D Burdeyney 女士努力让越来越多的人认识到（understand）有办法解决眼疾困扰。 【50 题详解】A 文章第一段提到 Beverley Burdeyney turned seventy-four last year， 由此可知 Burdeyney 女士已经退休（retirement）。 【51 题详解】C Burdeyney 女士认为不存在老年（age）的问题，只有对眼疾的忽视。 【52 题详解】B 根据空白处后的 do something about it 可知，要做点什么，不要站着不动。stand still 意为“站着不动；止步不前”，符合语境。 【53 题详解】D 空白处后提到Burdeyney 女士希望自己能够为这个研究项目做出更多的贡献，这是 在她说完上一段话语后表达自己的愿望，故added符合语境。 【54 题详解】A 根据空白处后的 into people＇s eyes可知，Burdeyney 女士想给人们的眼睛带来光 明（light）。 【55 题详解】B 根据空白处后的 There is still a long way to go．可知，这仅仅是开始(beginning)。 二、2021年高考真题 3．【2021年6月浙江卷】 My mother is 92. Unless I have to be out of town, each week I take my mother to do her 1 and visit the doctor, providing 2 and transportation. During the week, however, she likes to go to a nearby store to 3 some small things she needs.Last week she walked up to the store, but when she went to pay for her groceries, she was 4 about three dollars. The only 5 to pay for the groceries was to take off the 6 she could do without: a bottle of nubbing alcohol（医用酒精）and a bar of soap. By taking off these, she was able to 7 the new total to the amount of cash she had with her. At this store, people 8 and then go off to the side to 9 their own groceries. My mother was putting her groceries into shopping bags when a 10 came up her and said. "Here are the things that you 11 , " handing her the rubbing alcohol and the 12 . My mother, who is never speechless, was speechless. She 13 for the woman's name and address so that she could 14 her. The woman told her it was her 15 . My mothet was so 16 by her gesture that she decided to go back to the store and give the cashier （收银员）a five-dollar bill to keep on hand 17 the same happened to someone else if they didn't have enough 18 for all of their groceries. So, whoever you are, thank you for the random act of 19 that not only helped my mother out, but 20 too. 1.A.exercise B.housework C.cooking D.shopping 2.A.reward B.medicine C.company D.shelter 3.A.return B.collect C.order D.buy 4.A.short B.cautious C.wrong D.concerned 5.A.aim B.way C.advice D.reason 6.A.weight B.things C.mask D.glasses 7.A.raise B.add C.bring D.switch 8.A.show up B.call in C.check out D.sit down 9.A.store B.select C.deliver D.bag 10.A.stranger B.cashier C.friend D.doctor 11.A.looked for B.talked about C.threw away D.put back 12.A.receipt B.soap C.cash D.bottle 13.A.asked B.waited C.cared D.searched 14.A.repay B.trust C.recognize D.help 15.A.luck B.chance C.gift D.turn 16.A.surprised B.amused C.touched D.convinced 17.A.in case B.even if C.as though D.so that18.A.energy B.money C.space D.time 19.A.faith B.courage C.kindness D.honor 20.A.made her day B.changed her mind C.caught her eye D.met her demand 【文章大意】本文是一篇温情小故事：“我”的母亲在商店买东西结账时，随身带的钱不够， 一位 陌生女士善意帮忙，母亲决心把这份爱心传递了下去。 【解析】 【1 题详解】D 考查名词辨析。A. exercise 运动； B. housework 家务； C. cooking烹饪； D. shopping购物。 根据下一句 "但是在周中，她喜欢去附近的商店买一些她需要的小东西" 可知，我带母亲去购物（规律性 的较大型采买）和看医生，故选D。 【2 题详解】C 考查名词辨析。A. reward报酬； B. medicine药品； C. company陪伴； D. shelter庇护，避难所。根 据句意可知我带母亲是去购物和看医生，因此我提供的只能是陪伴和交通。易错项：注意providing作为伴 随状语，其主语为句子主语I，而非doctor。故选C。 【3 题详解】D 考查动词辨析。A. return返回； B. collect收集； C. order命令，下单； D. buy购买。 根据句意 "但是在周中，她喜欢去附近的商店买一些她需要的小东西" 可知是 "购买"，故选D。 【4 题详解】A 考查形容词辨析。A. short短的，不足的，缺乏的； B. cautious谨慎小心的； C. wrong错的； D. concerned担心的，关心的。根据句意和下文可知母亲在购物结账时（when she went to pay…），发现差三 元钱，short表示 "不足，缺少的"，故选A。 【5 题详解】B 考查名词辨析。A. aim目标； B. way方式； C. advice建议； D. reason理由。根据句意 "支付这些 货品唯一的方式是拿掉一些可以不买的东西" 可知是pay的方式，故选B。 【6 题详解】B 考查名词辨析。A. weight重量；B. things东西；C. mask面具，口罩；D. glasses眼镜，玻璃杯。根据 句意 "支付这些货品唯一的方式是拿掉一些可以不买的东西" 可知此处是去掉一些 "东西"，故选B。 【7 题详解】C 考查动词辨析。A. raise提高，筹集；养育；B. add添加；C. bring带来；使处于某种情况；把……移 到；D. switch改变；转换。根据句意 "…她能让新的总额到达她随身携带的现金额" 可知是 "使total到达 一个值"，故选C。【8 题详解】C 考查动词词组辨析。A. show up出现，露面；B. call in召来，拜访；C. check out结账离开；D. sit down坐下。根据句意 "人们结账后然后离开到一边去装包自己的物品" 可知是 "结账"，故选C。 【9 题详解】D 考查动词辨析。A. store储存；B. select选择；C. deliver递送；D. bag把……装入袋中。根据句意 "人 们结账后然后离开到一边去装包自己的物品" 可知是把买来的东西装袋，故选D。 【10 题详解】A 考查名词辨析。A. stranger陌生人；B. cashier收银员；C. friend朋友；D. doctor医生。根据下文（13 空所在的句子）可知母亲问这位女士的姓名和地址，好去还钱；证明母亲不认识这位女士，因此选择陌生 人，故选A。 【11 题详解】 D 考查动词词组辨析。A. looked for寻找；B. talked about谈论；C. threw away扔掉；D. put back放回。 根据句意 "这是你……的东西"，递给母亲的正是她刚刚去掉（即放回商店）的医用酒精和肥皂，可知是填 "放回去" ，故选D。 【12 题详解】B 考查名词辨析。A. receipt收据；B. soap肥皂；C. cash现金；D. bottle瓶子。根据句意 "递给母亲的正 是医用酒精和……" 并结合上文可知，正是6空所在句子中提到的酒精和肥皂，故选B。 【13 题详解】A 考查动词辨析。A. asked问；B. waited等待；C. cared关心，在意；D. searched寻找。根据句意 "她问 这位女士的姓名和地址，好来还钱" 可知是询问，故选A。 【14 题详解】A 考查动词辨析。A. repay 归还，偿还；B. trust 信任；C. recognize 认出；D. help 帮助。根据句意可 知母亲询问女士的姓名地址以便把钱归还给她。故选A。 【15 题详解】C 考查名词辨析。A. luck 运气；B. chance 机会，可能性；C. gift 礼物；D. turn （轮流的）机会。根 据上下文可知，母亲想要把钱会给她，但是她拒绝了，因此此处意为：这是送你的（礼物）。故选C。 【16 题详解】 C 考查形容词辨析。A. surprised 惊讶的；B. amused 逗乐的；C. touched 感动的；D. convinced 坚信 的。空格后的her gesture指的是上文陌生人的好心帮助，由此可知母亲的情感为 "感动的"。故选C。 【17 题详解】A考查连词辨析。A. in case 万一；B. even if 即使；C. as though 好像；D. so that 以至于。根据句意： 母亲决定给收银员5美元，万一别人也遇到同样的事情，也就是上文母亲遇到的买东西时钱不够的情况。 故选A。 【18 题详解】B 考查名词辨析。A. energy 能量；B. money 金钱；C. space 空间；D. time 时间。根据句意：没有足 够的钱买下所有的东西。故选B。 【19 题详解】C 考查名词辨析。A. faith 信念；B. courage 勇气；C. kindness 善良；D. honor 荣耀。根据上文这位陌 生人对母亲的帮助可知此处为 "感谢你的善良举动"。故选C。 【20 题详解】A 考查词组辨析。A. made her day 使她心情愉悦； B. changed her mind 改变她的想法； C. caught her eye 吸引她的眼球；D. met her demand 满足她的要求。根据句意可知陌生人的善意不仅帮助了我们母亲， 同时也使她心情愉悦。故选A。 4．【2021年6月全国甲卷】 It's the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria, Canada. Burchill was 1 at the hotel on business and planning to 2 some friends in the area. They had asked him to 3 some pepperoni（辣香肠） from back east. So he 4 a suitcase full of pepperoni. As he was 5 that it would be too warm, he 6 it out on the table near an open window. He thought his pepperoni was 7 and well chilled（冷却） and he 8 . That's when things went 9 Eyy temenier walking down the long 10 and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls, " Burchill said in a recent letter of 11 to the 4-star hotel.“The seagulls immediately went 12 They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to 13 at the same time, and pepperoni—everywhere. The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down, It was a real 14 ." Older and wiser now, Burchill chalked up the incident to youthful indiscretion （ 莽 撞 ） . “I have 15 and I admit responsibility for my 16 , " he said in the letter. “I come to you, 17 , to apologize for the damage I had 18 caused and to ask you to 19 my lifetime ban from the hotel."His letter 20 . Banned from the hotel since 2001, Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont said. 1.A.studying B.staying C.looking D.packing 2.A.visit B.help C.follow D.make 3.A.sell B.have C.bring D.taste 4.A.filled B.locked C.abandoned D.lost 5.A.surprised B.pleased C.excited D.worried 6.A.dug B.cleared C.cut D.laid 7.A.delicious B.safe C.soft D.ready 8.A.left B.nodded C.waited D.regretted 9.A.far B.funny C.wrong D.blind 10.A.beach B.driveway C.hall D.table 11.A.application B.apology C.request D.invitation 12.A.hungry B.dead C.missing D.wild 13.A.wake up B.get out C.take off D.break in 14.A.mess B.puzzle C.fight D.challenge 15.A.recovered B.retired C.escaped D.matured 16.A.suffering B.plans C.madness D.actions 17.A.hands in pockets B.nose in the air C.hat in hand D.feet on the ground 18.A.indirectly B.deliberately C.cautiously D.secretly 19.A.replace B.remember C.reconsider D.renew 20.A.arrived B.worked C.ended D.disappeared 【文章大意】本文是记叙文，文章讲述了主人公酒店出差住店时的一次不愉快经历。主人公住酒店 时，拿出来的香肠吸引了鸽子，而让宾馆收到损失。最后事情得到了圆满解决，主人公又再次成为宾馆的 座上宾，宾馆也欢迎他随时回来。 【解析】 【1 题详解】D 考查动词。根据下文 "a suitcase full of pepperoni" 和 "he 26 it out on the table near an open window" 可知，Burchill装了满满一箱子的腊肠，因为担心太热，温度过高，他把香肠放到窗户的桌子上，一遍香 肠可以冷却。由此可以推断他当时正在酒店收拾行李。A. studying 学习，研究B. staying待着C. looking看 D. packing打包，故选D。【2 题详解】A 考查动词。根据下文 "They had asked him to 23 some pepperoni（辣香肠） from back east." 可知他 的朋友叫他带点香肠给他们，所以这里应该是他去拜访朋友或者看望朋友。A. visit拜访B. help 帮助C. follow追随 D. make 交朋友。故选A。 【3 题详解】C 考查动词。根据上文，they 只带朋友，所以这里应该是让他带一些香肠过去。A. sell卖 B. have 拥有C. bring 带来D. taste 品尝。故选C。 【4 题详解】A 考查动词。前面是bring在根据上文，Burchill正在打包，所以这里应该是把箱子填满了香肠。A. filled 填满 B. locked 锁上C. abandoned 放弃D. lost丢失。故选A。 【5 题详解】D 考查形容词、副词。根据本句 "too warm" 所以这里应该是Burchill担心太热。A. surprised 吃惊 的 B. pleased 高兴的 C. excited 兴奋的 D. worried担忧的。故选D。 【6 题详解】 D 考查动词。根据后问 "out on" 应该是他把香肠拿出来放到桌子上。A. dug 挖 B. cleared 清理 C. cut 剪断，切 D. laid放置。故选D。 【7 题详解】B 考查形容词、副词。他认为他的香肠会_____, 会冷却，所以他_____.这里应该是他觉得放在桌子上没 问题，所以他离开了。A. delicious美味的 B. safe安全的 C. soft柔软的 D. ready准备好的。故选B。 【8 题详解】A 考查动词。他认为他的香肠会_____, 会冷却，所以他_____.这里应该是他觉得放在桌子上没问题，所 以他离开了。A. left 离开 B. nodded 点头 C. waited 等待 D. regretted 后 悔。故选A。 【9 题详解】C 考查形容词、副词。这里根据文章的首段，加拿大维多利亚州费尔蒙特皇后酒店(Fairmont Empress Hotel)的尼克•伯奇尔(Nick Burchill)被列入黑名单，至少部分罪魁祸首应该是海边的鸟儿。这里go wrong表 示发生了意外。A. go far 成功，扬名 B. go funny 变得可笑 C. go wrong出错，出 毛病 D.go blind 失明。故选C。 【10 题详解】C考查名词。根据 "walking down the long 30__ and opening the door " 可以猜测这里应该是回了酒 店，所以只能是走过长长的酒店的走廊。A. beach 海滩 B. driveway 车道 C. hall 走廊（熟词生 义）D. table 桌子。故选C。 【11 题详解】B 考查名词。根据下文 "I come to you, 37 , to apologize for the damage I had " 可以得知，这里应该是 道歉。A. application申请B. apology道歉 C. request 请求 D. invitation 邀请。故选B。 【12 题详解】D 考查形容词、副词。根据下文 "They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to 33 at the same time, and pepperoni—everywhere." 可知，海鸥应该是着急出去。A. go hungry 饥饿的 B. go dead 死 的；不起作用的 C. go missing 迷失的 D. go wild 疯狂的。故选D。 【13 题详解】B 考查短语。这里应该是海鸥应该是着急出去。A. wake up 唤醒 B. get out 出去 C. take off 脱下；起飞 D. break in 闯入。故选B。 【14 题详解】A 考查名词。根据前面 "The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down" 可知，此时的状况 应该是一团糟。A. mess 乱糟糟 B. puzzle 谜团 C. fight 斗争 D. challenge 挑战。故选A。 【15 题详解】D 考查动词。空格后面我承认我对此事有责任，根据上文 "Older and wiser now, Burchill chalked up the incident to youthful indiscretion伯奇尔年纪大了，也更聪明了，他把这件事归咎于年轻人的轻率行为" 和下 文 "to apologize for the damage" 可以推测此时我应该是成熟了，长大了。A. recovered 恢复 B. retired 退 休 C. escaped 逃跑 D. matured 成熟。故选D。 【16 题详解】 D 考查名词。同上，应该是为我的行为感到道歉。A. suffering 遭受 B. plans 计 划 C. madness 疯狂 D. actions 行动。故选D。 【17 题详解】C 考查短语。根据后文，为了道歉， 那么应该是毕恭毕敬的道歉。A. hands in pockets 两手抄兜B. nose in the air 目中无人 C. hat in hand 毕恭毕敬地 D. feet on the ground 脚踏实地。故 选C。 【18 题详解】A考查形容词、副词。根据 "had caused" 在根据前文他的过失，所以很容易得知这里应该是无心之 举。A. indirectly 间接地 B. deliberately 故意地 C. cautiously 小心谨慎地 D. secretly 秘密地。故选A。 【19 题详解】C 考查动词。根据 "my lifetime ban from the hotel" 应该是请求移除对我的黑明显限制。 A. replace 代替B. remember 记得 C. reconsider 重新考虑 D. renew 更新。故选C。 【20 题详解】B 考查动词。根据后文 "Burchill is now welcome to come back" 可知他现在已经不在黑名单中了，所以 他的道歉是起了作用的。 A. arrived 到达B. worked 工作 C. ended 以……结束 D. disappeared 消失。故选B。 5．【2021.3天津】 For most people, having things stolen feels like an offence. Robbie Pruitt admitted that he got 1 when he discovered the theft of his mountain bike last September. But soon enough, his 2 took a turn. After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy 3 . For Pruitt, a keen bicyclist, the first thing to do was 4 his stolen bike. But when he went bike shopping, he found few available, which got him thinking: What if the 5 of bikes was Covid-19 related, and what if the person who'd taken his bike really needed 6 to get to work? With that thought in mind, Pruitt 7 a plan and posted it on the community website. He 8 to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it. He also asked for unwanted bikes, which he would repair- again 9 . And then he would donate them to folks who could truly use them but didn't have the 10 to buy one. The day the post went live, Pruitt received thirty 11 bicycles. Then came more than 500 12 for detailed information. By the end of 2020, Pruitt had repaired more than 140 for donation or to be 13 to their owners. Pruitt tries to give his donations to families that are 14 struggling. 15 simply satisfying a material need, he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes. In addition to 16 skills, Pruitt's lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote feelings of community. 17 , the kids have gained a sense of accomplishment."It's a really great 18 for kids," said a neighbor in an interview with the local newspaper. "Pruitt is certainly providing a 19 , but it's not just the bikes. It's the relationships in the community. It's the 20 that he can make on people." 1.A.amazed B.mad C.curious D.frightened 2.A.emotions B.career C.opinions D.route 3.A.ever B.together C.instead D.yet 4.A.ride B.lock C.repair D.replace 5.A.lack B.variety C.increase D.quality 6.A.instruction B.qualification C.transportation D.permission 7.A.came up with B.stuck to C.gave up D.broke away from 8.A.remembered B.refused C.hesitated D.offered 9.A.by accident B.in advance C.for free D.on credit 10.A.profit B.budget C.courage D.excuse 11.A.shared B.used C.expensive D.modern 12.A.enquiries B.advertisements C.notices D.announcements 13.A.exported B.sold C.lent D.returned 14.A.hardly B.slightly C.truly D.instantly 15.A.Without B.Beyond C.Upon D.Among 16.A.practical B.commercial C.mathematical D.social 17.A.Otherwise B.However C.Somehow D.Meanwhile 18.A.promise B.celebration C.comfort D.experience 19.A.competition B.service C.ceremony D.suggestion 20.A.compromise B.impression C.impact D.progress 【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Robbie Pruitt在自己的自行车被偷后，想出了给人免费修 车的计划。他把这一计划发布到了网上，主动提出为有需要的人免费修理自行车。他还想要一些没人要的 自行车，他愿意再免费修理一次。然后他会把它们捐给那些真正需要它们但没有预算买的人。他还教授邻 居的孩子们免费修车，得到了邻居的赞赏。 【解析】 【1 题详解】B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Robbie Pruitt承认，去年9月发现他的山地车被盗时，他很生气。A. amazed惊讶的；B. mad生气的；C.curicus好奇的；D. frightened害怕的。根据第一段最后一句 "Afterletting go of his anger and frustration" 可知，发现车被偷，Robbie Pruitt当时很生气。故选B。 【2 题详解】A 考查名词词义辨析。句意∶但很快，他的情绪发生了变化。A. emotions情绪；B. career事业；C. opinions观点；D. route路线。结合后文"After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy"可知，Robbie Pruitt从生气沮丧变成了同情，情绪发生了变化。故选A。 【3 题详解】C 考查副词词义辨析。句意∶在放下愤怒和沮丧之后，他发现自己走上了同情之路。A. ever曾经； B.together一起；C. instead相反；D. yet然而。结合上文 "he found himself on a road to sympathy" 可知，发 现自己的车被偷，Robbie Pruitt放下愤怒和沮丧，反而走上了同情他人的道路。故选C。 【4 题详解】D 考查动词词义辨析。句意∶对于热衷于骑自行车的Pruitt来说，第一件要做的事就是取代他被偷的自 行车。A. ride骑车；B. lock锁上；C. repair修理；D. replace取代。根据后文 "his stolen bike. But when he went bike shopping" 可知，车被偷，Pruitt要买车来取代被偷的自行车。故选D。 【5 题详解】A 考查名词词义辨析。句意∶但当他去买自行车时，发现几乎没有自行车，这让他想到∶如果缺少自行 车与Covid-19有关，如果骑他自行车的人真的需要交通工具去上班呢？A. lack缺乏；B. variety多样；C. increase增加；D. quality质量。根据上文 "he found few available" 可知，商店里也缺少自行车。故选A。 【6 题详解】 C 考查名词词义辨析。句意∶但当他去买自行车时，发现几乎没有自行车，这让他想到∶如果缺少自行 车与Covid-19有关，如果骑他自行车的人真的需要交通工具去上班呢？A. instruction指令；B. qualification 资格；C. transportation运输工具；D. permission允许。根据前后文可知，Pruitt猜测偷自己自行车的人是因 为确实需要交通工具去上班。故选C。 【7 题详解】A 考查动词短语辨析。句意︰带着这个想法，Pruitt想出了一个计划，并把它发布在了社区网站上。A. come up with提出；B. stick to坚持；C. give up放弃；D. break away from突然逃跑。根据后文 "a plan and posted it on the community website" 指想出了一个计划，come up with符合语境。故选A。 【8 题详解】D 考查动词词义辨析。句意∶他主动提出为有需要的人免费修理自行车。A. remember记得；B. refuse 拒绝；C. hesitate犹豫；D. offer提议。结合后文 " to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it." 指 Pruitt提议为他人免费修车，offer to dosth."主动提出做某事”。故选D。【9 题详解】C 考查固定短语辨析。句意：他还想要一些没人要的自行车，他愿意再免费修理一次。A. by accident偶 然；B. in advance提前；C. for free免费；D. on credit赊账。呼应上文"fix bikes free of charge"他的修车都是 免费的。故选C。 【10 题详解】B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他会把它们捐给那些真正需要它们但没有预算买的人。A. profit利 润；B. budget预算；C. courage勇气；D. excuse借口。根据前后文可知，Pruitt捐车的对象是那些需要车但 是预算不够，买不起的人，but表示转折，说明预算紧张。故选B。 【11 题详解】 B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一帖子发布当天，Pruitt收到了30辆二手自行车。A. shared共享的； B. used二手的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. modern现代的。根据上文 "He also asked for unwanted bikes," 可 知，Pruitt也回收不想要的二手车，所以在帖子发布当天收到了30辆二手自行车。故选B。 【12 题详解】A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后就来了500多个询问详细信息的询问。A. enquiry询问；B. advertisement广告；C. notice通知；D. announcement公告。根据后文"for detailed information"可知，此处指 询问详细信息的询问。故选A。 【13 题详解】D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：到2020年底，Pruitt已经修复了140多件自行车，这些自行车要么捐赠， 要么返还原主。A. export出口；B. sell出售；C. lend借给；D. return返回、返还。结合后文'to their owners"指修好的车返还给主人，return符合语境。故选D。 【14 题详解】C 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Pruitt试图把他的捐赠捐给那些真正生活困难挣扎的家庭。A. hardly几乎 不；B. slightly轻微地；C. truly真实地；D. instantly立即。此处呼应上文"folks who could truly use them"指 Pruitt的捐赠都是给那些真正生活有困难的家庭的。故选C。 【15 题详解】C 考查介词词义辨析。句意：在仅仅满足物质需求的基础上，他为邻居的孩子们提供了一个学习如何修 理自行车的机会。A. Without除了；B. Beyond越过；C. Upon在……上；D. Among在.……中间。结合后 文"simply satisfying a materia need"表示"在仅仅满足物质需求的基础上"可知，应用介词upon。故选C。 【16 题详解】 A考查形容词词义辨析。句意︰除了实用技能，Pruitt的课程还教授团队合作，鼓励自我价值，促进社 区感觉。A. practical实际的；B. commercial商业的；C. mathematical数学的；D. social社会的。根据上 文"he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes."可知，Pruitt 为邻居的孩子们提供了一个学习如何修理自行车的机会，即教授他们实用技能。故选A。 【17 题详解】D 考查副词词义辨析。句意：同时，孩子们也有了一种成就感。A. Otherwise否则；B. However然而； C. Somehow不知怎么；D. Meanwhile同时。根据前后文语境可知，孩子们通过参加Pruitt的课程，学到了 实用技能，同时还有了一种成就感，Meanwhile符合语境。故选D。 【18 题详解】D 考查名词词义辨析。句意∶一位邻居在接受当地报纸采访时说∶"对孩子们来说，这真是一次很棒的 经历。"A. promise承诺；B.celebration庆祝；C. comfort安慰；D. experience经历。根据语境，参与Pruitt 的课程对孩子们来说，是一次经历。故选D。 【19 题详解】B 考查名词词义辨析。句意∶Pruitt当然会提供服务，但不仅仅是自行车。A. competition比赛；B. service服务；C. ceremony典礼；D. suggestion建议。结合上文可知，Pruitt为人们免费修车，还为社区的 孩子教授如何修车，所以他提供的是服务。故选B。 【20 题详解】C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：而是他能对人们产生的影响。A. compromise妥协；B. impression印象；C. impact影响； D. progress进步。根据后文"he can make on people"可知为短语make impact on"对.……产生 影响"。故选C。 三、2020年高考真题 6．【2020年7月·浙江卷】 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I experienced years of loneliness as a child. 31 His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine. With no other kids of my age in the neighborhood, I had to spend hours by myself. A bright spot for me turned out to be reading. My love of the written word began early as my mother read to me every evening. 32 I started reading books on my own before age 5 and my mother took me to the publiclibrary once a week to borrow several books. I quickly graduated from typical children’s books to ones with fewer pictures and longer chapters. Reading opened new worlds to me. ___33___ My mother also encouraged me to make what I wanted. I tried making toy cars with cardboard boxes and constructing buildings from leftover cardboard and bits of wood my father gave me. When my mother saw my creations, she told me how creative my designs were. 34 I learned a lot about how to extend the life of objects and transform them into something new and useful. It was a trait(特点) others found helpful, and I soon had friends who wanted to make things with me. 35 My parents made it a point for their two kids to spend time outside, no matter the weather or season. My brother, of course, raced off to be with his friends, while I had plenty to do myself. There was making leaf houses in autumn, ice skating in winter, and so much more. They’re all memories I treasure today. A. I wasn't alone any longer. B. I enjoyed reading stories aloud. C. I was invited to play with another kid. D. I loved the colorful photographs in the books. E. Another habit I formed early was being outdoors. F. Thus, I began my lifelong interest in making things. G. My older brother couldn’t be bothered to play with me. 【答案】31. G 32. D 33. A 34. F 35. E 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者养成几个生活习惯的原因。 【31 题详解】设空在段中，应是承前启后句。根据后文“His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine”可知，设空句应提及“his”的身份，即G项中的“My elder brother”，且G项“我哥哥懒得和我一起玩”在此起到了承上启下的作用。故选G项。故选G项。 【32 题详解】根据前句提到“我对文字的爱始于母亲每天晚上给我读故事的时候”可知，D项“我 喜欢书中的彩色照片”和上句构成进一步说明。同时D项中的“书”指代上句提到的母亲每天给我读故事 的书。D项切题。故选D项。 【33 题详解】根据前句提到“阅读为我打开了新世界”可知，A项“我不在孤独”和上句构成了因 果关系。A项切题。故选A项。 【34 题详解】根据前句“当我的母亲看到我的创作时，她说我的设计很有创意”可知，F项“于 是，我开始对制造东西产生了长久的兴趣”和上句构成因果关系，我正是在听了母亲那句话后才开始了对 制造东西产生兴趣。F项切题。故选F项。【35 题详解】根据后句“无论天气或季节，我的父母都要让他们的两个孩子花时间在户外”可知， E项“我很早养成的另一个习惯是去户外”和前句表示因果逻辑。作者有去户外的习惯是因为后句提到的 父母的影响。E项切题。故选E项。 7．【2020·全国卷II】 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was just after sunrise on a June morning. “Nicolo,” whose real name cannot be 41 to the public because of Italy’s privacy laws, 42 working the whole night at a factory in Turin. As he often did, he stopped by the “after work auction(拍卖)” 43 by the Italian police where things 44 on the trains were sold to the highest bidder. There, among many other things, Nicolo spotted two paintings he thought would look 45 above his dining room table. Nicolo and another bidder 46 until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32. When Nicolo retired and went to live in Sicily, he 47 the paintings with him. He hung them above the same table he had 48 from Turin. His son, age 15, who had 49 an art appreciation class, thought that there was something 50 about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair. It was signed(签名) “Bonnato” or so he thought, but when he 51 it, he only found “Bonnard,” a French 52 he had never heard of. He bought a book and was 53 to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same 54 as his father’s painting. “That’s the garden in our picture,”Nicolo’s son told his father. They 55 learned that the painting they 56 was called “The Girl with Two Chairs.” They 57 the other painting and learned that it was 58 Paul Gauguin’s “Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog.” The 59 called the Italian Culture Ministry; the official confirmed that the paintings were 60 and worth as much as $50 million. 41．A．attached B．allocated C．exposed D．submitted 42．A．finished B．delayed C．considered D．tried 43．A．attended B．reserved C．cancelled D．run 44．A．shown B．found C．kept D．hidden 45．A．nice B．familiar C．useful D．real 46．A．battled B．debated C．discussed D．bargain 47．A．held B．left C．registered D．brought 48．A．chosen B．received C．ordered D．moved49．A．missed B．failed C．taken D．led 50．A．concrete B．unusual C．unappealing D．natual 51．A．appreciated B．touched C．researched D．witnessed 52．A．painter B．designer C．author D．actor 53．A．expected B．surprised C．anxious D．ready 54．A．room B．kitchen C．hall D．garden 55．A．apparently B．confidently C．eventually D．temporarily 56．A．owned B．borrowed C．sold D．stole 57．A．collected B．cleaned C．framed D．studied 58．A．suitably B．actually C．rightly D．specifically 59．A．girl B．artist C．family D．police 60．A．copies B．originals C．models D．presents 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个名叫Nicolo的人在拍卖会上以低价购得两幅画。 后来他学艺术欣赏的儿子经过研究发现这两副画可能来自著名画家，他们打电话给意大利文化部，那儿的 官员证实这两幅画都是画家的真迹，价值至少5000万美元。 【41 题详解】C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicolo完成了一整夜在Turin一家工厂的工作，他的真实名字因意大利的 隐私法不能暴露给公众。A. attached参加；B. allocated分配；C. exposed暴露；D. submitted上交。根据下 文的because of Italy's privacy可知此处用be exposed to“暴露”符合语境，故选C项。 【42 题详解】A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicolo完成了一整夜在Turin一家工厂的工作，他的真实名字因为意大利 的隐私法不能暴露给警方。A. finished完成；B. delayed推迟；C. considered考虑；D. tried尝试。根据上文 的It was just after sunrise on a June morning可推测Nicolo刚在工厂里上完了夜班，即完成了一整夜的工 作，故选A项。 【43 题详解】D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：像往常一样，他顺便去了“下班后拍卖”，这个拍卖会是由意大利警方进 行的，在火车上发现的东西卖给出价最高的竞标人。A. attended参加；B. reserved保护；C. cancelled取 消；D. run进行。结合常识可知，拍卖会上需要有警察来维持秩序，进行拍卖，故选D项。 【44 题详解】B考查动词词义辨析。句意：像往常一样，他顺便去了“下班后拍卖”，这个拍卖会是由意大利警察管 理的，在火车上发现的东西卖给出价最高的竞标人。A. shown展示；B. found发现；C. kept保存；D. hidden隐藏。根据句意可知，此处是指拍卖的东西都是从一列火车上发现的，故选B项。 【45 题详解】A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那里，很多其它东西中，Nicolo看到了两幅画，他觉得它们看起来挂 在自己的餐桌上方会很漂亮。A. nice漂亮的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. useful有用的； D. real真的。根据下 文的Nicolo and another bidder 46 until Nicolo finally won the paintings for 32$可推测Nicolo认为这两幅 画挂在自己的餐桌前会很漂亮，所以才会出高价买，故选A项。 【46 题详解】A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicolo和另外一个竞标人竞争，直到Nicolo最终以32美元的价格赢得了 这两幅画。A. battled竞争；B. debated辩论；C. discussed 讨论；D. bargained讨价还价。根据上文的were sold to the highest bidder可知此处用“竞争”符合语境，故选A项。 【47 题详解】D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Nicolo退休去Sicily居住时，他带上了这两幅画。A. held拿着；B. left 离开，留下；C. registered注册；D. brought带来。根据下文的he hung them above the same table可知， Nicolo搬家时带上了这两幅画，故选D项。 【48 题详解】D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把它们挂在同一张桌子的上面，这张桌子是他从Turin搬来的。A. chosen选择；B. received收到；C. ordered 命令；D. moved搬。根据上文的the same table可知，Nicolo搬 家时也把桌子搬来了，故选D项。 【49 题详解】C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他15岁的儿子在上一门艺术欣赏课，他认为那幅有一个年轻女孩坐在花 园椅子上的画是不寻常的。A. missed错过；B. failed失败；C. taken拿；D. led导致。根据句意可知，此处 考查固定短语take classes“上课”，故选C项。 【50 题详解】B 考查形容词词义辨析，句意：句意：他15岁的儿子在上一门艺术欣赏课，他认为那副有一个年轻女 孩坐在花园椅子上的画是不寻常的。A. concrete具体的；B. unusual不寻常的；C. unappealing不吸引人 的；D. natural自然的。根据下文的it was signed ''Bonnato'' or he thought可知，儿子认为这幅画可能是一个 著名画家的画，故觉得它有些不同寻常，故选B项。 【51 题详解】C考查动词词义辨析。句意：画上署名Bonnato或者他认为是这样，但当他仔细研究它时，他只发现了 “Bonnard”，一个他从未听说过的法国画家。A. appreciated欣赏；B. touched触摸；C. researched研究；D. witnessed目睹。根据下文的he only found ''Bonnard''可推测儿子仔细研究了画，故选C项。 【52 题详解】A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：画上署名Bonnato或者他认为是这样，但当他仔细研究它时，他只发现了 Bonnard，一个他从未听说过的法国画家。A. painter画家；B. designer设计师；C. author 作家；D. actor演 员。根据下文的a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard可知，此处用画家符合语境，故选A项。 【53 题详解】B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他买了一本书，非常吃惊的发现里面有一幅艺术家Pierre Bonnard的 画，他坐在和父亲画里面一样的花园里，一样的椅子上。A. expected意料的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. ready准备好的。根据下文的sitting on the same chair in the same 54 as his father's painting可知此处用“吃惊的”符合语境，故选B项。 【54 题详解】D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他买了一本书，非常吃惊的发现里面有一幅艺术家Pierre Bonnard的画， 他坐在和父亲画里面一样的花园里，一样的椅子上。A. room房间；B. kitchen餐厅； C. hall 大厅；D. garden花园。根据上文的with a young girl sitting on a garden chair可知此处用“花园”符合语境，garden是 原词复现，故选D项。 【55 题详解】C 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们最终知道他们拥有的这幅画叫做“有两把椅子的女孩”。A. apparently明显地；B. confidently自信地；C. eventually 最后；D. temporary暂时的。根据上文的he bought a book and was 53 to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same as his father's painting可知，此处是指经过一系列的对比和研究，他们终于从一本书上得知了其中一副画的名字，故选C 项。 【56 题详解】A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们最终知道他们拥有的这幅画叫做“有两把椅子的女孩”。A. owned拥 有；B. borrowed借；C. sold卖；D. stole偷。根据上文的Nicolo finally won the paintings for 32$可知，这幅 画的所有权是Nicolo的，即他们拥有它，故选A项。 【57 题详解】D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们研究了另一幅画，发现它事实上是Paul Gauguin的《Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog》。A. collected收集；B. cleaned打扫；C. framed制定；D. studied研究。根据上文的but when he 51 it可知此处用“研究”符合语境，research和study是同义词复现，故选D项。 【58 题详解】B 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们研究了另一幅画，发现它事实上是Paul Gauguin的《Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog》。A. suitably适合地；B. actually事实上；C. rightly正确地；D. specifically具 体地。根据句意可知，此处是指他们研究了另外一副画，事实证明也是一副著名画家的画，故选B项。 【59 题详解】C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家人给意大利文化部打电话，官员肯定这些画是原版，价值高达5000 万美元。A. girl女孩；B. artist艺术家；C. family家庭；D. police警察。根据上下文可知，此处是指Nicolo 一家为了鉴别画的真伪给意大利文化部打电话，故选C项。 【60 题详解】B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家人给意大利文化部打电话，官员肯定这些画是原版，价值高达5000 万美元。A. copies复制品；B. originals原版；C. models 模型；D. presents礼物。根据下文的as much as $50 million可推测，这两幅画都是画家的原版，故选B项。 8．【2020·山东卷】 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second 21 . He learned the value and beauty of 22 there from a very young age. When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 23 happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 24 it caused had driven away a number of birds. 25 , the number of snakes had declined as well. He 26 that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the 27 . The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek 28 during the daytime. He turned to the 29 department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and 30 a nearby island where he began to plant trees. 31 young plants in the dry season was 32 for a lone boy. Molai built at the 33 of each sapling(幼树)a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to 34 rainwater. The water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below. Molai 35 to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally- grown land that has become home to many plants and animals. 21．A．dream B．job C．home D．choice22．A．nature B．youth C．culture D．knowledge 23．A．precious B．interesting C．disturbing D．awkward 24．A．waste B．tension C．pain D．damage 25．A．Besides B．However C．Therefore D．Otherwise 26．A．agreed B．realized C．remembered D．predicted 27．A．noise B．heat C．disease D．dust 28．A．directions B．partners C．help D．shelter 29．A．labor B．police C．forest D．finance 30．A．rebuilt B．discovered C．left D．managed 31．A．Decorating B．Observing C．Watering D．Guarding 32．A．tough B．illegal C．fantastic D．beneficial 33．A．back B．top C．foot D．side 34．A．cool down B．keep off C．purify D．collect 35．A．returned B．learned C．failed D．continued 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。Molai在印度的一个小村庄长大。16岁的时候，一场洪水导致他的家园遭 受巨大损失。树木的缺乏导致这些动物失去了遮蔽物，很多鸟儿离开，蛇类数量减少。Molai决定改变这 一切，他经过努力，在附近找到了一个小岛，开始种树。在30多年的时间里，他的努力使1360英亩的天 然土地成为许多动植物的家园。 【21 题详解】C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个村庄位于一些湿地附近，那里成了他的第二个家。A. dream梦想；B. job工作；C. home家；D. choice选择。根据空前的second可知，他出生的村庄是他的家，村庄附近的一些 “湿地”成为了他的第二个“家”。故选C。 【22 题详解】A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他从小就在那里了解到了大自然的价值和美丽。A. nature自然；B. youth青 春，年轻；C. culture文化；D. knowledge知识。湿地展现了“大自然”的价值和美。故选A。 【23 题详解】C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:16岁时，Molai开始注意到他的家周围发生了一些令人不安的事情。A. precious宝贵的；B. interesting有趣的；C. disturbing令人不安的，引起烦恼的；D. awkward尴尬的，笨拙 的。该段后半部分提到:洪水侵袭，很多鸟儿离开，蛇的数量减少。这些情况都不正常，令人不安。故选 C。 【24 题详解】D考查名词词义辨析。句意:那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了这个地区，洪水造成的损害赶走了很多鸟 类。A. waste废物；B. tension紧张；C. pain疼痛，痛苦；D. damage损害，伤害。洪水侵袭这个地区，它 会“损害”庄稼、树木，这些都会导致鸟儿们离开。故选D。 【25 题详解】A 考查副词词义辨析。句意:此外，蛇的数量也减少了。A. Besides此外，另外；B. However但是；C. Therefore因此；D. Otherwise否则。根据as well可知，洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离开。而且，它还导致蛇的 数量减少。故选A。 【26 题详解】B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. agreed同 意；B. realized意识到；C. remembered记住，记起；D. predicted预测。Molai“意识到”鸟儿离开、蛇类减少 是因为没有足够的树木。故选B。 【27 题详解】B 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. noise噪 音；B. heat热；C. disease疾病；D. dust尘土。根据常识可知，树木可以提供阴凉，从而保护鸟类和蛇类免 受炎热的影响。故选B。 【28 题详解】 考查名词D词义辨析。句意:当然，解决的办法是种树，这样动物们就可以在白天寻找栖身之处。A. directions方向；B. partners伙伴，合作伙伴；C. help帮助；D. shelter遮蔽，庇护，遮蔽物。树木可以给动 物们提供“遮蔽”。故选D。 【29 题详解】C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他向森林部门求助，但被告知那里什么也不长。A. labor劳动；B. police警 察；C. forest森林；D. finance财政，金融。根据前一句中的“The solution, of course, was to plant trees”可 知，Molai想要种树，所以他应该向“森林”部门求助。故选C。 【30 题详解】B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而，Molai自己去看了看，发现了附近的一个岛屿，他开始在那里种树。 A. rebuilt重建；B. discovered发现；C. left离开；D. managed设法做成。根据前面的”looking on his own”可 知，他自己去看，那么接下来就应该是他”发现”了一个小岛。故选B。 【31 题详解】C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. Decorating装 饰；B. Observing观察到；C. Watering浇水；D. Guarding守卫。该段后半部分叙述的是Molai想尽办法收集水的努力。再结合该句中的“the dry season”可知，在旱季给幼苗“浇水”很难。故选C。 【32 题详解】A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. tough困难 的；B. illegal非法的；C. fantastic极好的；D. beneficial有益的。根据该段后半部分的叙述可知，Molai想 尽办法收集雨水，由此推知，旱季缺水，给幼苗浇水很“难”。故选A。 【33 题详解】B 考查名词词义辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞 的陶罐来收集雨水。A. back背部；B. top顶端；C. foot脚；D. side一边，一侧。根据该段最后一句“The water would then drip on the plants below”可知，水滴在下面的植物上。由此推知，竹子平台应该在每棵树苗 的”顶端”。故选B。 【34 题详解】D 考查动词(短语)辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小 洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A. cool down冷却下来；B. keep off与……保持距离；C. purify净化，使纯净；D. collect收集。根据常识可知，陶罐是用来盛水的。由此可知，他将陶罐放到竹子平台上“收集”雨水。故选 D。 【35 题详解】D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:在接下来的37年里，Molai继续种树。A. returned返回；B. learned学会； C. failed失败；D. continued继续。根据后一句可知，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家 园。由此推知，在接下来的37年里，他“继续”种树。故选D。 9．【2020·浙江卷】 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑。 I’ve been farming sheep on a hillside for 54 years. I use a small tractor to get about. My dog Don always sits beside me in the passenger scat. One morning I 36 a lost lamb when I was in the top field，near where a motorway cuts through my land. The lamb had become separated from its 37 , so I jumped out of the tractor to 38 it while Don stayed in his scat. Lamb and mother 39 , I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me. This was so 40 because I had put the handbrake on when I jumped out. 41 Don had somehow made the42 move. My heart froze in my chest as I 43 the tractor heading towards the 44 .I ran desperately but failed to 45 . It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared. The 46 thing I saw was Don’s face, looking calmly back at me. Heart in mouth, I 47 the fence and looked over. The tractor was 48 against the crash barrier in the central reservation, having miraculously(奇迹般地) crossed the 49 road with fast-flowing traffic. I couldn’t see Don, but as I 50 the tractor he jumped out onto the road, apparently 51 , and dashed back to me. The police 52 and the motorway ran normally again. I couldn't quite believe my 53 it turned out no one got badly hurt, but the outcome could have been 54 .Don was given a special 55 that night—I didn’t want him thinking I was angry with him. 36．A．dropped B．spotted C．carried D．returned 37．A．kids B．friends C．owner D．mother 38．A．ask about B．play with C．tend to D．run into 39．A．freed B．switched C．reunited D．examined 40．A．unexpected B．dangerous C．embarrassing D．difficult 41．A．Fortunately B．Generally C．Immediately D．Obviously 42．A．lamb B．vehicle C．seat D．fence 43．A．saw B．stopped C．remembered D．drove 44．A．crowd B．motorway C．field D．hill 45．A．take off B．catch up C．hold back D．get out 46．A．real B．best C．basic D．last 47．A．fixed B．noticed C．reached D．closed 48．A．resting B．running C．parking D．turning 49．A．sleep B．long C．rough D．busy 50．A．abandoned B．approached C．recognized D．repaired 51．A．unclean B．uncertain C．unhurt D．unhappy 52．A．arrived B．replied C．survived D．waited 53．A．ability B．dream C．luck D．idea 54．A．common B．confusing C．desirable D．awful 55．A．meal B．test C．job D．lesson【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者开车带着它的狗去田地，路上发现了一只和它妈妈走散 的小羊。作者下车去照看小羊，把自己的狗留在了车上。后来，作者帮助小羊找到了妈妈，谁知竟发现自 己的狗开着拖拉机冲到了高速路上。作者赶紧沿途追赶，害怕造成严重的后果。幸运的是，最后没有人受 伤。这真是一个奇迹！ 【36 题详解】B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天早上，我在山顶的田野里发现了一只迷路的小羊，那里有一条高速公 路穿过我的田地。A. dropped下降；B. spotted发现；C. carried搬； D. returned返回。下文说小羊和它的妈 妈走散了，所以我是无意中发现了一只迷路的小羊。故选B。 【37 题详解】D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我跳下拖拉机去照看它，而Don还坐在它的 座位上。A. kids小孩；B. friends朋友；C. owner主人；D. mother妈妈。根据下文Lamb and mother，可知 小羊是和它的妈妈走散了。故选D。 【38 题详解】C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我跳下拖拉机去照看它，而Don还坐在它的 座位上。A. ask about询问；B. play with同……一起玩；C. tend to照看；D. run into撞上。上文说小羊和它 的妈妈走散了，所以可以推测出我跳下拖拉机去照看它。故选C。 【39 题详解】C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈重聚了，我转过身去看拖拉机，却看见它突然离开了我。 A. freed使自由；B. switched转变；C. reunited重聚；D. examined检查。下文说我转过身去看拖拉机，因为 小羊和它的妈妈重聚了，所以我才有心思去看我的拖拉机。故选C。 【40 题详解】A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这太出乎意料了，因为我跳下车时已经拉上了手刹。A. unexpected出乎 意料的；B. dangerous危险的；C. embarrassing使人尴尬的；D. difficult困难的。上文说我看见拖拉机突然 离开了我，下文说我跳下车时已经拉上了手刹，所以这是让人出乎意料的事情。故选A。 【41 题详解】D 考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然，Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Generally通常；C. Immediately立即；D. Obviously显然。根据while Don stayed in his seat可知我跳下车， 照顾小羊的时候，Don还坐在它的座位上。那么，很显然，是Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。故选D。 【42 题详解】B考查名词词义辨析。句意：显然，Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。A. lamb小羊；B. vehicle车辆； C. seat座位；D. fence栅栏。根据I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me.可知我 转过身去看拖拉机，却看见它突然离开了我。所以这里指的是Don开走了我的车。故选B。 【43 题详解】A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我看到拖拉机朝高速公路开去时，我的心都僵在胸口。A. saw看到；B. stopped停止；C. remembered记得；D. drove驾驶。下文说，我拼命地追，所以我是看到了拖拉机朝高速公 路开去。故选A。 【44 题详解】B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我看到拖拉机朝高速公路开去时，我的心都僵在胸口。A. crowd人群； B. motorway高速公路；C. field旷野；D. hill小山。根据near where a motorway cuts through my land.和 having miraculously (奇迹般地) crossed the…road with fast-flowing traffic.可知拖拉机是朝高速公路开去。故 选B。 【45 题详解】B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我拼命地跑，但没能追上。A. take off起飞； B. catch up追上； C. hold back阻止；D. get out出去。根据I ran desperately以及下文It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared.可知我没有追上拖拉机。故选B。 【46 题详解】D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我最后看到的是Don的脸，它平静地看着我。A. real真实的；B. best最 好的； C. basic基本的；D. last最后的。Don平静地看着我，这是我最后看到的事情。故选D。 【47 题详解】C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心都提到嗓子眼了，我抵达栅栏，仔细检查。A. fixed固定；B. noticed注意； C. reached抵达；D. closed关。根据and looked over可知我是抵达了栅栏。故选C。 【48 题详解】A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：拖拉机正靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上，奇迹般地穿过了车流如水的繁 忙道路。A. resting 倚靠；B. running跑； C. parking停车；D. turning转动。根据the crash barrier in the central reservation可知拖拉机是靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上。故选A。 【49 题详解】D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拖拉机正靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上，奇迹般地穿过了车流如水的 繁忙道路。A. steep陡峭的；B. long长的；C. rough粗糙的；D. busy繁忙的。根据fast-flowing traffic可知 这条高速公路非常繁忙。故选D。【50 题详解】B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看不见Don，但当我接近拖拉机时，它跳上了马路，显然没有受伤，冲 回我身边。A. abandoned抛弃； B. approached接近;C. recognized意识到；D. repaired修理。下文说我 的狗冲回我身边，所以我必定是接近了拖拉机。故选B。 【51 题详解】C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看不见Don，但当我接近拖拉机时，它跳上了马路，显然没有受伤， 冲回我身边。A. unclean不洁的；B. uncertain不确定的；C. unhurt没有受伤的；D. unhappy不快乐的。根 据下文no one got badly hurt可知我的狗没有受伤。故选C。 【52 题详解】A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：警察来了，高速公路的运行又恢复了正常。A. arrived到达；B. replied回 答；C. survived幸存；D. waited等待。下文说高速公路的运行又恢复了正常，可知是警察到达，处理了情 况。故选A。 【53 题详解】C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不能完全相信我的运气，结果没有人受重伤，但后果可能是可怕的。A. ability能力；B. dream梦想； C. luck运气；D. idea想法。我的狗驾驶着拖拉机上了车水马龙的高速 路，结果却没有人受伤，所以我不相信我有这么好的运气。故选C。 【54 题详解】D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不能完全相信我的运气，结果没有人受重伤，但后果可能是可怕的。 A. common普通的；B. confusing混乱的；C. desirable令人向往的；D. awful可怕的。根据上文作者的极度 担忧My heart froze in my chest和Heart in mouth以及生活常识，动物开车上了高速路，结果可能是非常可 怕的。故选D。 【55 题详解】A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Don那天晚上被给予了一顿特别的晚餐——我不想让它认为我生它的气。 A. meal一餐；B. test测验；C. job工作； D. lesson教训。根据下文I didn't want him thinking I was angry with him.可知我不想让它认为我生它的气，所以我给它提供了一顿特别的晚餐。故选A。 四、2019年高考真题 10．【2019·全国卷II】 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。It’s about 250 miles from the hills of west-central lowa to Ehlers’ home in Minnesota. During the long trip home, following a weekend of hunting. Ehlers ___41___about the small dog he had seen ___42___ alongside the road. He had ___43___ to coax(哄)the dog to him but, frightened, it had ___44___. Back home, Ehlers was troubled by that ___45___ dog. So, four days later, he called his friend Greg, and the two drove ___46___. After a long and careful ___47___. Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving ___48___ away. Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with ___49___. It just started licking(舔)Ehlers’ face. A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one ___50___ as lost in the local paper. The ad had a ___51___ number for a town in southern Michigan. Ehlers ___52___ the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had ___53___ their dog. Jeff had ___54___ in lowa before Thanksgiving with his dog, Rosie, but the gun shots had scared the dog off. Jeff searched ___55___ for Rosie in the next four days. Ehlers returned to Minnesotan, and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan. “It’s good to know there’s still someone out there who ___56___ enough to go to that kind of ___57___,”says Lisa of Ehlers’ rescue ___58___. I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as ___59___ to it as I am to my dogs,” says Ehlers. “If it had been my dog, I’d hope that somebody would be ___60___ to go that extra mile.” 41. A. read B. forgot C. thought D. heard 42. A. fighting B. trembling C. eating D. sleeping 43. A. tried B. agreed C. promised D. regretted 44. A. calmed down B. stood up C. rolled over D. run off 45. A. injured B. stolen C. lost D. rescued 46. A. home B. past C. back D. on 47. A. preparation B. explanation C. test D. search 48. A. cautiously B. casually C. skillfully D. angrily 49. A. surprise B. joy C. hesitation D. anxiety 50. A. predicted B. advertised C. believed D. recorded 51. A. house B. phone C. street D. car 52. A. called B. copied C. counted D. remembered 53. A. fed B. adopted C. found D. cured 54. A. hunted B. skied C. lived D. worked55. A. on purpose B. on time C. in turn D. in vain 56. A. cares B. sees C. suffers D. learns 57. A. place B. trouble C. waste D. extreme 58. A. service B. plan C. effort D. team 59. A. equal B. allergic C. grateful D. close 60. A. suitable B. proud C. wise D. wiling 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Ehlers和他的朋友救助了一只丢失的小狗，最终帮它找到 了主人。 【41 题详解】C 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文Ehlers和朋友一起去找那只狗可知，此处是指Ehlers一直在想关于那只 狗的事，think about考虑。故选C。 【42 题详解】B 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文作者去哄小狗可知，这只狗是在路边发抖，trembling发抖。故选B。 【43 题详解】A 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文可知，他在尽力的哄那只狗，try to do sth尽力做某事。故选A。 【44 题详解】D 考查动词短语辨析。他在尽力的哄那只狗，可是它很害怕，所以此处是指那只狗被吓跑了，run off“跑开”的意思。故选D。 【45 题详解】C 考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文可知，这只狗是别人丢失的，因此此处用lost“丢失”。故选C。 【46 题详解】C 考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，四天后，Ehlers给他的朋友Greg打电话，他们俩又驱车返回。 根 据上文可知，此处是指他们又返回到之前见到那只走失的狗的地方，back向后，回原处。故选C。 【47 题详解】D 考查名词词义辨析。根据下文Greg在越过田野的地方看到了那只小狗可知，此处是指他们在仔细寻 找小狗，search寻找。故选D。 【48 题详解】A 考查副词词义辨析。根据文中提到的frightened, nervousness, fear等词并结合上文并根据下文Ehlers最 终成功的安抚了它可知，小狗非常的谨慎小心，cautiously谨慎地，小心地。故选A。 【49 题详解】B考查名词词义辨析。根据下文小狗开始舔Ehlers的脸可知，它不再害怕，而是很开心，joy开心。故 选B。 【50 题详解】B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当地的一个农民告诉他们，这听起来像是当地报纸上刊登的那只丢失的 狗。根据本句的in the local paper及语境可知，此处是指在报纸上刊登的，advertise登广告。故选B。 【51 题详解】B 考查名词词义辨析。根据下文Ehlers给狗的主人打电话可知，此处是指广告上有电话号码，phone number电话号码。故选B。 【52 题详解】A 考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文语境可知，此处是指Ehlers给Jeff和Lisa（狗的主人）打了电话， call打电话。故选A。 【53 题详解】C 考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文语境可知，Ehlers给他们打电话是要告知他找到了他们的狗，find找 到。故选C。 【54 题详解】A 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文狗听到枪声吓跑了可知，此处是指Jeff带着狗在打猎，hunt打猎。故选 A。 【55 题详解】D 考查介词短语辨析。根据上文Ehlers找到的Jeff的狗可知，Jeff在狗丢失后没有找到他的狗，in vain 徒劳。故选D。 【56 题详解】A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很高兴知道还有那么一个人，他足够关心你，会去做这样麻烦的事。根据 上文可知，此处是指Ehlers对狗足够关心，care关心。故选A。 【57 题详解】B 考查名词词义辨析。根据上文Ehlers开车把那只小狗Rosie送到100英里远的机场，把它航空托运到 密歇根可知，这是件很麻烦的事情，trouble麻烦。故选B。 【58 题详解】C 考查名词词义辨析。根据上文可知，此处是指Lisa在评论Ehlers帮助他们找回狗付出的努力，effort 努力。故选C。 【59 题详解】D考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想无论是谁丢了狗，可能就像我接近我的狗一样去接近它。根据下文 Ehlers说的话可知，此处是指他对待那只狗就像对自己的狗一样，close to靠近。故选D。 【60 题详解】D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望有人愿意付出更多的努力。根据上文语境可知，此处是表达他希 望面对这样的事情，大家能愿意去付出更多努力去帮忙，be willing to do乐意做某事。故选D。 11．【2019·全国卷III】 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March- ___41___ six months out of the year. Of course, we ___42___ it when the sun is shining," says Karin Ro, who works for the town’s tourism office. “We see the sky is ___43___, but down in the valley it’s darker — it’s like on a ___44___ day.” But that ___45___ when a system of high-tech ___46___ was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks(山峰)into the valley below. Wednesday, residents(居民)of Rjukan ___47___ their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to ___48___. The mirrors are controlled by a computer that ___49___ them to turn along with the sun throughout the ___50___ and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam(束)of light onto the town’s central ___51___, creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light ___52___, Rjukan residents gathered together. “People have been ___53___ there and standing there and taking ___54___ of each other," Ro says. "The town square was totally ___55___. I think almost all the people in the town were there. "The 3,500 residents cannot all ___56___ the sunshine at the same time. ___57___, the new light feels like more than enough for the town’s ___58___ residents. "It's not very ___59___,” she says, "but it is enough when we are ___60___.” 41. A. only B. obviously C. nearly D. precisely 42. A. fear B. believe C. hear D. notice 43. A. empty B. blue C. high D. wide 44. A. cloudy B. normal C. different D. warm 45. A. helped B. changed C. happened D. mattered 46. A. computers B. telescopes C. mirrors D. cameras47. A. remembered B. forecasted C. received D. imagined 48. A. repair B. risk C. rest D. use 49. A. forbids B. directs C. predicts D. follows 50. A. day B. night C. month D. year 51. A. library B. hall C. square D. street 52. A. appeared B. returned C. faded D. stopped 53. A. driving B. hiding C. camping D. siting 54. A. pictures B. notes C. care D. hold 55. A. new B. full C. flat D. silent 56. A. block B. avoid C. enjoy D. store 57. A. Instead B. However C. Gradually D. Similarly 58. A. nature-loving B. energy-saving C. weather-beaten D. sun-starved 59. A. big B. clear C. cold D. easy 60. A. trying B. waiting C. watching D. sharing 【语篇解读】本文属于说明文，讲述北欧一个小镇长达半年没有阳光照射，为此在附近的山顶安装了 一套镜子设备把阳光反射到小镇的广场。每当光线照射的时候，人们就聚集在广场上，为寒冷的冬季增添 一丝明亮。 【41 题详解】C 考查副词词义辨析。A. only仅仅；B. obviously 显然地；C. nearly几乎；D. precisely准确的。根 据前文from late September to mid-March可知，从九月底到三月中旬，差不多半年，故选C。 【42 题详解】D 考查动词词义辨析。A. fear害怕；B. believe相信；C. hear听见；D. notice注意。根据后文We see the 的 sky is 43 , but down in the valley it's darker可知，我们看到天空是蓝色 ，但是到山谷的时候，就会变得更 暗了，故可知，太阳照耀的时候，我们观察得到，故选D。 【43 题详解】B 考查形容词词义辨析。A. empty空的；B. blue蓝色的；C. high搞得；D. wide宽的。根据常识可知， 有太阳的时候，天空是蓝色的，故选B。 【44 题详解】A 考查形容词词义辨析。A. cloudy多云的；B. normal正常的；C. different不同的；D. warm温暖的。根 据前文down in the valley it's darker可知，到山谷的时候，天变暗了，像阴天一样，故选A。【45 题详解】B 考查动词词义辨析。A. helped帮助；B. changed改变；C. happened发生；D. mattered关系重大。根据 后文可知，该镇引入一套阳光反射镜来改变这种情况，故选B。 【46 题详解】C 考查名词词义辨析。A. computers电脑；B. telescopes望远镜；C. mirrors镜子；D. cameras相机。根据 后文to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks可知，从附近的山顶上反射太阳光，故可知，为一枚镜子，故 选C。 【47 题详解】C 考查动词词义辨析。A. remembered记得；B. forecasted预报；C. received获得，收到；D. imagined想 象。根据句意可知，该镇的居民获得了冬天里的第一缕阳光，故选C。 【48 题详解】D 考查名词词义辨析。A. repair修理；B. risk风险；C. rest 休息；D. use使用。根据前一句their very first ray of winter sunshine可知，获得了冬天的第一缕阳光，是由于反射板投入使用了，故选D。 put sth to use把某物投入使用。 【49 题详解】B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些镜子由电脑控制，指导他们整天跟着太阳的位置移动而移动，在大风 的天气就自动关闭。A. forbids禁止；B. directs指导，导演；C. predicts预测；D. follows跟随，追随。本句 描述这套系统的工作原理，电脑控制镜子的移动，故选B。 【50 题详解】A 考查名词词义辨析。A. day白天；B. night夜晚；C. month月；D. year年。根据文章可知，太阳光出 现在白天，故选A。 【51 题详解】C 考查名词词义辨析。A. library图书馆；B. hall大厅；C. square广场；D. street街道。根据后文The town square可知，镜子反射聚集的光会照在小镇的中心广场上，故选C。 【52 题详解】A 考查动词词义辨析。A. appeared出现；B. returned归还；C. faded褪去；D. stopped停止。根据后文 Rjukan residents gathered together可知，当光照出现的时候，居民出来，故选A。 【53 题详解】D 考查动词词义辨析。A. driving驾驶；B. hiding隐藏；C. camping露营；D. sitting坐。根据本句and standing there可知，光照出现的时候，人们会出来活动，坐在那里，站在那里，故选D。【54 题详解】A 考查名词词义辨析。A. pictures照片，图片；B. notes笔记；C. care照顾；D. hold抓住。根据文章可 知，会彼此拍照，故选A。 【55 题详解】B 考查形容词词义辨析。A. new新的；B. full满的；C. flat平坦的；D. silent沉默的。根据后文I think almost all the people in the town were there.可知，差不多全镇的人都在广场上，故可知广场全是人，故选 B。 【56 题详解】C 考查动词词义辨析。A. block阻挡；B. avoid避免；C. enjoy喜欢，享受；D. store储存。根据句意可 知，并不是3500名居民都能同时享受到太阳光，故选C。 【57 题详解】B 考查副词词义辨析。A. Instead代替；B. However然而；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Similarly相似地。前 一句意思为并不是3500名居民都能同时享受到太阳光，后一句，新的光线为小镇人们的意义不仅仅提供光 线，故可知前后句属于转折关系，故选B。 【58 题详解】D 考查形容词词义辨析。A. nature-loving热爱自然的；B. energy-saving节能的；C. weather-beaten受风 雨侵蚀的；D. sun-starved渴望阳光的。根据前文可知，小镇差不多半年没有阳光，故可知小镇人们渴望阳 光，故选D。 【59 题详解】A 考查形容词词义辨析。A. big大的；B. clear清晰的；C. cold冷的；D. easy容易的。根据前文可知， 镜子反射的光线有限，范围不够大，故选A。 【60 题详解】D 考查动词词义辨析。A. trying尝试；B. waiting 等待；C. watching 观看；D. sharing分享。根 据句意可知，大家一起晒太阳就足够了，故选D。 12．【2019·北京卷】 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑。 Regardless of the weather or the distance, Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.A retired engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been ___11___ free rides to college students for the past eight years. Since he first started ___12___ his car to the young people. Wilson has ___13___ am astonishing 64, 000 miles, and has had countless pleasant and often humorous ___14___ with the students he transports to and from school. The students who he's ___15___ have gone on to become physicians, teachers and engineers, but what they've also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson. Some students ___16___ call him “Grandpa”. , Tina Stern ___17___ rides from Wilson for all her four years in college and the trips meant much more to her than just free ___18___. "It's not just a ride；you're not just sitting there in ___19___ silence or with your headphones on.” Stern said. “He asks you questions and actually ___20___ the answers, so the next time you ride with him, he'll ___21___ those things." Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of the non-profit organisation. On Point for College. Although the ___22___ asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes, Wilson often goes ___23___ to ensure the welfare and safety of the students. If they have problems with registration.Wilson is there to ___24___ them. If they run out of certain daily necessities. Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what's needed. If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never ___25___ to buy them a meal. For many students, Wilson's help is not only appreciated, it's also entirely ___26___ for them to be able to complete their college education. Some students don't have a reliable car, while others have to ___27___ vehicles with parents who work six days a week. For them, riding with Wilson has ___28___ them to complete their education — but according to Wilson, he benefits just as much from the ___29___. “I just love driving and I love these kids, "Wilson said. "It's such a(n) ___30___ to be a part of these kids’ lives, even just for a few hours, getting to know them and hearing their stories." 11. A. linking B. sending C. offering D. distributing 12. A. donating B. lending C. delivering D. volunteering 13. A. paved B. covered C. measured D. wandered 14. A. arguments B. interviews C. negotiations D. conversations 15. A. met B. driven C. addressed D. greeted 16. A. even B. ever C. once D. already 17. A. earned B. received C. assessed D. demanded 18. A. transportation B. style C. time D. communication19. A. forced B. awkward C. ridiculous D. suspicious 20. A. selects B. recites C. guesses D. remembers 21. A. act on B. settle on C. check on D. agree on 22. A. club B. league C. college D. programme 23. A. far B. around C. beyond D. forwards 24. A. assist B. watch C. urge D. warm 25. A. expects B. attempts C. manages D. hesitates 26. A. extra B. unusual C. necessary D. adequate 27. A. share B. fuel C. repair D. exchange 28. A. required B. allowed C. reminded D. convinced 29. A. experience B. arrangement C. appreciation D. employment 30. A. effort B. ambition C. privilege D. convenience 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了76岁的Paul Wilson八年来免费接送低收入的学生上学的 感人事迹。 【11 题详解】C 根据第一段可知，Paul Wilson确保低收入的学生按时到达学校。由此可以推知，该句应指：Wilson 给那些学生提供免费的乘车服务。故C选项正确。 【12 题详解】D 根据上文中的“free rides”可知，Wilson是主动自愿将自己的汽车提供给那些学生的。故D选项正 确。 【13 题详解】B Wilson让那些学生免费搭车，迄今他已经行程64,000英里。表示“行走一段路程”，应用cover。B 选项正确。 【14 题详解】D Wilson在接送学生们上下学的过程中，和学生之间肯定有“谈话，交谈”，故D选项正确。 【15 题详解】B 根据上文可知，Wilson每天接送那些学生，这些学生现在已经成为了物理学家，教师，工程师等。该 空应该对应上一句中的“he transports to and from school”，故B选项正确。drive意为“驾车送（人）”。 【16 题详解】A 这些学生将Wilson当作他们的偶像和朋友，有的甚至称他为“爷爷”。该空表示递进，故A选项正 确。【17 题详解】B 根据后面的介词from可以推知，Tina Stern从Wilson那儿获得免费的乘车机会。B选项正确。 【18 题详解】A 对Tina Stern来说，这些行程不仅仅只是免费的运送而已。A选项正确。transportation意为“运 送”。 【19 题详解】B Tina说：“那不仅仅是坐车而已。你并不只是坐在那儿，陷入令人尴尬的沉默中，也不是戴着耳麦坐 在那儿。” 坐在车里，彼此不交谈，只是沉默，这当然是令人尴尬的。故B选项正确。 【20 题详解】D 在坐车的时候，Wilson会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。D选项正确。 【21 题详解】C 在坐车的时候，Wilson会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。下一次这些学生再坐车的时候， Wilson会检查上次提到的这些东西。该句指的是在乘车期间，Wilson会利用这个机会了解考查学生 们的学习情况。故C选项正确。 【22 题详解】D 根据上一句中的“programme”可知，D选项正确。Wilson最初通过一个非盈利组织On Point for College的一个项目作一名司机。该项目只要求它的成员们接送孩子们上下学。 【23 题详解】C 结合下文中提到的“If they have problems with registration, Wilson is there to ____ them. If they run out of…If a student gets hungry…”可知，Wilson的所作所为超过了该项目的要求。故C选项正确。 【24 题详解】A 如果孩子们在登记方面有问题，Wilson会去帮助他们（解决相关的问题）。A选项正确。 【25 题详解】D 从上文举的例子可知，该部分都表达的是Wilson对孩子们的帮助。因此该处应指：当孩子们在上下 学的途中饿了的时候，Wilson都会马上给他们去买吃的，从未犹豫过。D选项正确。 【26 题详解】C 根据下文中“Some students don’t have a reliable car, while others….For them, riding with Wilson has ____ them to complete their education”可以推知，对于那些乘车有困难的学生来说，乘坐Wilson的车对于他们完 成大学教育来说是必须的。C选项正确。 【27 题详解】A有的学生没法得到可靠的汽车，有的学生必须和他们一周工作六天的家长共用车辆。表示“共用”， 需用share。A选项正确。 【28 题详解】B 乘坐Wilson的汽车使得他们可以完成大学教育。表示“使得某人做某事，使某人能够做某事”应该 用allow sb. to do sth.。故B选项正确。 【29 题详解】A Wilson认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。A选项正确。 【30 题详解】C Wilson认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。在这个过程中，他认识了这些学生，听到 他们的故事，他认为这是自己的“荣幸”，故C选项正确：荣幸，荣耀。 13．【2019·浙江卷】 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在 答题纸上将该项涂黑。 There are lots of ways to raise awareness for a cause. Usually, the ___36___ the idea is, the more it gets noticed. And that’s precisely why one ___37___ Frenchman has caught our attention. Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe，surviving ___38___ on discarded(丢弃)food. The three- month, 1 900-mile journey from Paris to Warsaw is Dubanchet’s ___39___ of raising awareness of food waste in Europe and throughout the world. As you can ___40___, the trip is no piece of cake. While restaurants ___41___ tons of food each year, much of it remains inaccessible because of ___42___ garbage containers, health regulations, or business policies. Only about one in ten places ___43___ him food that would otherwise be discarded. For legal ___44___, most restaurants have a policy against ___45___ food waste. "Some people have even ___46___ their jobs by giving me food," Dubanchet said. What's ___47___ interesting is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchet’s cause. Berlin has been the ___48___ while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen. There, he had to ___49___ at some 50 different stores or restaurants before finding food. The 50 is all the more serious when you consider the ___51___ exercise required to bike from France to Poland. "I have to get food ___52___ because after all the biking I am tired and I need the ___53___,"Dubanchet explained. "Is my ___54___ full or empty? That is the most important thing, not what I am eating." He aims to ___55___ his journey by mid-July. With any luck, he’ll turn a few more heads in the process. 36. A. cleverer B. older C. stranger D. simpler 37. A. garbage-eating B. sports-loving C. food-wasting D. law-breaking 38. A. secretly B. finally C. entirely D. probably 39. A. purpose B. way C. opinion D. dream 40. A. observe B. imagine C. suggest D. remember 41. A. store B. cook C. shop for D. throw away 42. A. locked B. damaged C. connected D. abandoned 43. A. bought B. offered C. ordered D. sold 44. A. reasons B. rights C. fees D. aids 45. A. begging for B. giving away C. hiding D. causing 46. A. did B. kept C. accepted D. risked 47. A. hardly B. usually C. particularly D. merely 48. A. easiest B. nearest C. biggest D. richest 49. A. work B. shout C. ask D. jump 50. A. competition B. conversation C. conflict D. challenge 51. A. adequate B. rewarding C. demanding D. suitable 52. A. again B. alone C. later D. fast 53. A. spirit B. energy C. time D. effort 54. A. stomach B. hand C. pocket D. basket 55. A. arrange B. restart C. report D. finish 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了一个吃垃圾的法国人引起了我们的注意，Baptiste Dubanchet骑着自行车穿越欧洲，完全靠丢弃的食物生存。 【36 题详解】 C 考查形容词辨析。根据Usually, the 36 the idea is, the more it gets noticed.可知这里意思是通常，这个观 点越奇怪，它就会越受到关注。A. cleverer更聪明的；B. older更老的；C. stranger更奇怪；D. simpler更简 单的，故选C。 【37 题详解】 A考查形容词辨析。根据Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe, surviving 38 on discarded(丢弃) food. 可知这里意思是那就是为什么一个吃垃圾的法国人引起了我们的注意。A. garbage-eating吃垃圾的；B. sports-loving爱好体育的；C. food-wasting浪费食物的； D. law-breaking破坏法律的，故选A。 【38 题详解】 C 考查副词辨析。句意：Baptiste Dubanchet骑着自行车穿越欧洲，完全靠丢弃的食物生存。A.secretly 秘密地；B. finally 最后；C. entirely完全地；D. probably很可能，故选C。 【39 题详解】 B 考查名词辨析。句意：从巴黎到华沙历时三个月、1900英里的旅程，是Dubanchet引起欧洲和全世界 对食物残羹注意的道路。A.purpose目的；B.way道路；C.opinion意见；D. dream梦想，故选B。 【40 题详解】 B 考查动词辨析。句意：你可以想象，这次旅行不是小菜一碟。A. observe观察；B. imagine想象；C. suggest建议；D. remember记得，故选B。 【41 题详解】 D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：虽然餐馆每年扔掉大量的食物，但由于垃圾容器上锁、卫生规定或商业政 策，很多食物仍然难以接近。A . store存储；B.cook做饭；C. shop for购买某物；D. throw away扔掉，故 选D。 【42 题详解】A 考查形容词辨析。根据it remains inaccessible可知这里意思是垃圾容器上锁。A.locked上锁的；B . damaged被损坏的；C.connected连接的；D. abandoned被抛弃的，故选A。 【43 题详解】 B 考查动词辨析。句意：只有大约十分之一的地方给他提供了食物，否则就会被丢弃。A.bought买；B. offered提供；C . ordered命令；D. sold销售，故选B。 【44 题详解】 A 考查名词辨析。句意：由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止浪费食物的政策。A.reasons原因；B. rights权利；C.fees费用；D. aids援助，故选A。 【45 题详解】B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止分发食物残渣的政策。A. begging for 乞求； B. giving away分发；C . hiding隐藏；D. causing造成，故选B。 【46 题详解】 D考查动词辨析。上文说由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止分发食物残渣的政策。可知这里意思是有 些人甚至冒着失业的危险给我食物。A.did做；B. kept保持；C.accepted接受； D. risked冒…的危险，故选D。 【47 题详解】 C 考查副词辨析。句意：特别有趣的是各个城市对Dubanchet事件的态度。A.hardly几乎不； B. usually 通常；C . particularly特别是；D . merely仅仅，故选C。 【48 题详解】 A 考查形容词辨析。根据while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen.可知这里意思是柏林是最容 易的。A.easiest最容易的；B . nearest最近的；C . biggest最大的；D. richest最富有的，故选A。 【49 题详解】 C 考查动词辨析。句意：在那里，他必须在大约50家不同的商店或餐馆询问，才能找到食物。A.work 工作；B. shout 呼喊；C.ask询问；D. jump跳跃，故选C。 【50 题详解】 D 考查名词辨析。句意：当你考虑到从法国骑自行车到波兰所需要的高强度运动时，挑战就更加严峻 了。A. competition竞赛；B. conversation会话；C. conflict冲突；D. challenge挑战，故选D。 【51 题详解】 C 考查形容词辨析。句意：当你考虑到从法国骑自行车到波兰所需要的高强度运动时，挑战就更加严峻 了。A. adequate充足的；B. rewarding有益的；C. demanding要求高的；D. suitable适当的，故选C。 【52 题详解】D 考查副词辨析。句意：我必须快点吃东西，因为骑了那么多自行车，我累了，我需要能量。A.again 再一次；B. alone独自地；C . later后来；D. fast迅速地，故选D。 【53 题详解】 B 考查名词辨析。根据because after all the biking I am tired可知我需要能量。A.spirit精神； B . energy能量；C.time时间；D. effort努力，故选B。 【54 题详解】A 考查名词辨析。根据That is the most important thing, not what I am eating.可知这里意思是我的胃是满的 还是空的。A. stomach胃；B. hand手；C. pocket口袋；D. basket篮子，故选A。 【55 题详解】 D 考查动词辨析。根据With any luck, he'll tum a few more heads in the process.可知这里意思是他计划在七 月中旬结束他的旅行。A.arrange安排；B . restart重新开始；C. report报告；D. finish结束，故选D。2018年高考真题 14．【2018·全国卷II】 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Two weeks earlier, my son, Ben, had got in touch. He’d moved to England with his mum when he was three and it had been 13 years since I’d 41 seen him. So imagine my 42 when he emailed me saying he wanted to come to visit me. I was 43 ! I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to 44 . The bay was 45 in sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore. Getting a little 46 , I realized one kayak（皮划艇） was in 47 . ＂Something’s not 48 !＂ I took off my T-shirt and 49 into the water. I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle. He was 50 violently. Linking arms with one of the instructors. I helped 51 the young man out of the water. He was unconscious and as I looked at his face, something 52 to me. Those brown eyes were very 53 . ＂What’s his name? ＂ I asked the instructor. ＂Ben,＂ he replied, and immediately I 54 . That stranger was my son! The instructors called for an ambulance. 55 , after a brief stay in hospital, Ben was well enough to be allowed to 56 and later the family met up for dinner. We chatted about everything and then Ben 57 to me. ＂I just want to say thank you,＂ he said. ＂You 58 my life!＂ I still can’t believe what a 59 it was. I’m just so glad I was there 60 to help my son. 41.A.also B.often C.even D.last 42.A.delight B.relief C.anger D.worry 43.A.scared B.shocked C.thrilled D.ashamed 44.A.talk B.stay C.meet D.settle 45.A.bathed B.clean C.deep D.formed 46.A.faster B.closer C.heavier D.wiser 47.A.trouble B.advance C.question D.battle 48.A.real B.right C.fair D.fit 49.A.stared B.sank C.dived D.fell 50.A.arguing B.fighting C.shouting D.shaking 51.A.lead B.persuade C.carry D.keep 52.A.happened B.occurred C.applied D.appealed 53.A.sharp B.pleasant C.attractive D.familiar 54.A.agreed B.hesitated C.doubted D.knew55.A.Fortunately B.Frankly C.Sadly D.Suddenly 56.A.return B.relax C.speak D.leave 57.A.joked B.turned C.listened D.pointed 58.A.created B.honored C.saved D.guided 59.A.coincidence B.change C.pity D.pain 60.A.onboard B.intime C.forsure D.onpurpose 【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者13年后和儿子见面的情景。在和儿子见面的地点，作者 救了一个年轻人，没有想到的是，年轻人竟然是自己13年未见的儿子。 【41 题详解】D 考查副词词义辨析。根据空前句中可知，儿子在三岁的时候离开，到现在已经13年 了。由此可以暗示出是上一次见面。A. also也；B. often经常；C. even甚至；D. last上一次，故选D项切 题。 【42 题详解】A 考查名词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，13年没有见到自己的儿子，突然收到儿子的 电子邮件，并且说要来看自己。由此可以推知，我很快乐、开心。A. delight高兴，愉快；B. relief (痛苦、 忧虑等的)解除，减轻；C. anger怒，忿怒；D. worry担心。故选A项切题。 【43 题详解】C 考查形容词词义辨析。根据第一段可知，作者13年没有见到自己的儿子，突然收 到儿子要来拜访自己的电子邮件，肯定是欣喜若狂。A. scared惊恐的；B. shocked震惊的；C. thrilled欣喜 若狂的；D. ashamed惭愧的。故选C项切题。 【44 题详解】C 考查动词词义辨析。根据空前可知，我很早就到了拜伦湾，我们应该在那里见 面。A. talk谈话；B. stay停留；C. meet见面；D. settle解决。故选C项切题。 【45 题详解】A 考查形容词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，早晨海湾应该是沐浴在阳光里。A. bathed 沐浴；B. clean清扫；C. deep深处；D. formed形成。故选A项切题。 【46 题详解】B 考查形容词词义辨析。根据常识和下文儿子出现意外情况可知，只有是离的比较 近一点，才能意识到一只皮划艇出现意外。A. faster迅速的；B. closer靠近，逼近(其他船只等)；C. heavier 重的，沉重的；D. wiser有智慧的；聪明的。故选B项切题。 【47 题详解】A 考查名词词义辨析。根据下文儿子出现意外情况可知，一只皮筏艇处于麻烦之 中。A. trouble麻烦，困难；B. advance前进，进展；C. question问题，疑问；D. battle战斗，战役。故选A 项切题。 【48 题详解】B 考查形容词词义辨析。根据上句皮划艇处于麻烦之中可知，某件事不正常。A. real 真实的；B. right正确的，正常的；C. fair公平的；D. fit合适的。故选B项切题。【49 题详解】C 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文皮划艇有麻烦和下文我去帮忙救人可知，我脱掉我 的T恤衫，跳入水中。A. stared盯着看，目不转睛地看，凝视；B. sank下沉，沉没；C. dived潜水，跳 水；D. fell打倒；击倒。故选C项切题。 【50 题详解】D 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文a man lying across the middle和下文He was unconscious可知，应该是剧烈的颤抖、摇动。A. arguing争论，辩论；B. fighting打架；C. shouting呼喊； D. shaking摇动。故选D项切题。 【51 题详解】C 考查动词词义辨析。我帮助把年轻人带出水面。A. lead领导，引导，带领；B. persuade说服，劝服；C. carry搬运，装运；D. keep保持；保存，保留；故选C项切题。 【52 题详解】B 考查动词词义辨析。根据句意可知，当我看着他的脸时，我想到了一些事情。 occur跟to短语时，表示“想到”，而不是“发生”，happen后接不定式，是"碰巧"的意思。故选B项切 题。 【53 题详解】D 考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文，“What’s his name?”可知，他棕色的眼睛对我来 说是很熟悉的。A. sharp锐利的；锋利的；B. pleasant愉快的，快乐的，舒适的；C. attractive有吸引力的； 引人注目的；D. familiar亲密的，熟悉的。故选D项切题。 【54 题详解】D 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“That stranger was my son”可知，我马上就知道。A. agreed同意，赞成，承认，答应；B. hesitated犹豫，踌躇；C. doubted怀疑；疑惑；D. knew知道，了解。 故选D项切题。 【55 题详解】A 考查副词词义辨析。根据空后句子可知，应该是幸运地。A. Fortunately幸运地， 侥幸地；B. Frankly率直地，坦白地，真诚地；C. Sadly悲哀地，悲伤地；D. Suddenly突然地，忽然地；故 选A项切题。 【56 题详解】D 考查动词词义辨析。根据空前was well enough可知，应该是被允许出院。A. return 返回；报答；B. relax放松，休息；C. speak说；D. leave离开。故选D项切题。 【57 题详解】B 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“I just want to say thank you”可知，Ben转向我向我 说谢谢。A. joked开玩笑；B. turned转向；C. listened听；D. pointed指出。故选B项切题。 【58 题详解】C 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“I helped carry the man out of the water”可知，应该 是挽救了我的生命。A. created创造；创作；B. honored尊敬；尊重；给与荣誉；C. saved救，拯救；D. guided指导，指挥；故选C项切题。 【59 题详解】A 考查名词词义辨析。我没有想到这是多么巧合的一件事呀!A. coincidence巧合，巧 事；B. change改变，变更，变换；C. pity怜悯，同情；D. pain疼痛；痛苦。故选A项切题。【60 题详解】B 考查介词词组词义辨析。我高兴的是我在那儿及时帮助了我的儿子。A. on board在 船上；B. in time及时；C. for sure肯定；D. on purpose目的。故选B项切题。 【知识拓展】occur和happen的区别 1. occur是比较正式的用语，可用于具体或抽象的事物，通常指按计划或规律在较为确定的时间“发 生”的事。跟to短语时，表示“想到”，而不是“发生”。例如：Something occurred意思是“某事发生 了”。 An idea occurs to me that going to Switzerland for traveling will be marvelous! 我想到去瑞士旅游会很棒! 2. happen常指具体事件的发生，特别指那些偶然的或未能预见的“发生”，是不及物动词。例如： How did the accident happen? 这事故是怎样发生的? If anything happens, please let me know. 有什么事发生，请告诉我。 如果happen后接不定式，是“碰巧”的意思。如： I happened to meet him on my way home. 我在回家的路上碰巧遇到他。 注意：happen和happen to都是不及物动词或短语，不能用于被动语态。 三、模拟演练 一、2022年模拟训练 1. （2022·山西·一模） Life offers its fair share of challenges. At any given time, anyone can face difficult sea- sons in their life. It is true for you. When you're experiencing difficulty, it's always helpful to have a support system to get through it. ____1____Knowing this, there are a few ways you can become supportive of a family member who is in the midst of a struggle. Offer legal resources. If you have family members who are in trouble with the law, you can offer assistance by pointing in the direction of various legal resources, You can even decide to cover a part of their legal fees in court. ____2____ Provide encouragement. When people are down on their luck, it's really easy for them to get discouraged and give up. Instead, it's a wise move to offer words of encouragement to the person. Always remind them that they're strong, capable and more powerful than they realize.____3____ Be a safe place. Sometimes, people struggle because they don't feel any love or support from anyone around them. ____4____Be their light in the dark places. This can do so much for someone who is carrying a lot on theinside. ____5____You never want to make a person feel like they can't make it without you in their life. If you're allowing the family member to live with you for a certain period of time, be strict about what needs to happen during that time. Make sure that they develop a plan, time line and measured action steps that can help them get back on their feet. A．No man is an island. B．Encourage independence C．In fact, they are surrounded by pressure. D．Always compete with your family members. E．Tell them that they will get through this situation. F．It's all up to you to decide how you can help them. G．However, you know that there's nothing you can do. 【答案】1．A 2．F 3．E 4．C 5．B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。生活总是充满挑战。在任何时候，任何人都可能在他们的生活中面对 困难。当你遇到困难时，有人支持你度过难关总是很有帮助的。本文介绍了帮助家人渡过难关的几个办 法。 【1 题详解】 根据上文“Life offers its fair share of challenges. At any given time, anyone can face difficult sea- sons in their life. It is true for you. When you're experiencing difficulty, it's always helpful to have a support system to get through it.(生活总是充满挑战。在任何时候，任何人都可能在他们的生活中面对困难。这对你来说是真 的。当你遇到困难时，有人支持你度过难关总是很有帮助的)”讲到任何人都有遇到困难的时刻。A项字面 意思为“没有人是一座孤岛”，深层含义为我们都是有亲人朋友的，都要互相帮助的，也呼应上文的 support，还能引出下文，要学会一些帮助亲人度过难关的方法，符合语境。故选A项。 【2 题详解】 根据上文“Offer legal resources. If you have family members who are in trouble with the law, you can offer assistance by pointing in the direction of various legal resources, You can even decide to cover a part of their legal fees in court.( 提供法律资源。如果你的家庭成员在法律上遇到了麻烦，你可以通过指向各种法律资源的方 向来提供帮助，你甚至可以决定在法庭上为他们支付一部分法律费用。如何帮助他们全由你决定)”举例了帮助遇到法律问题的家人的两个办法。F项内容：到底采取哪种方法去帮助他们是由你决定的，符合语 境。故选F项。 【3 题详解】 本空位于段末，上文“Provide encouragement. When people are down on their luck, it's really easy for them to get discouraged and give up. Instead, it's a wise move to offer words of encouragement to the person. Always remind them that they're strong, capable and more powerful than they realize.（提供鼓励。当人们运气不 好的时候，他们很容易气馁和放弃。相反，给对方一些鼓励的话是一个明智的举动。总是提醒他们，他们 比自己意识到的更强大、更有能力）”表示，遇到困难的人都需要鼓励，E项内容：告诉他们能一定能渡 过难关，这也是鼓励的话，承接上文。故选E项。 【4 题详解】 本空前一句“Sometimes, people struggle because they don't feel any love or support from anyone around them.（做一个安全的所在。有时人们过得很艰难，因为他们感受不到周围人的爱和支持）”。C项：事实 上，他们被压力包围，这是又列举一个他们遇到的困境，空后开始建议怎么帮忙。C项承接上文。故选C 项。 【5 题详解】 该空为段首句，应概括全段，下文“You never want to make a person feel like they can't make it without you in their life. …Make sure that they develop a plan, time line and measured action steps that can help them get back on their feet.( 你永远不想让一个人觉得没有你他们就活不下去。…确保他们制定一个计划，时间安排 和有节制的行动步骤，以帮助他们重新站起来)”家人遇到困难，你帮他，但不是替他生活，最终还是要鼓 励处于困境中的家人学会重新站起来，get back on their feet呼应B项independence,所以B项是最符合段落 主旨的选项。故选B项。 2. （2022·辽宁实验中学一模） “Music is where everything started,” Samira Horton says. ____6____ She has been rapping and performing since she was 6 years old. Through music, DJ Annie Red says, “I can express myself and let out my emotion.” The rising hip-hop star uses music to share a message about bullying. “I was bullied a lot,” she says, “even today, especially because of my voice.” DJ Annie Red has a deep voice. ____7____ But DJ Annie Red has found a way to rise above their rude remarks. Instead of thinking of her voice as a weakness, she uses it to spread her anti- bullying message far and wide.____8____ She posts her music online, too. She likes to give students a rhythmic and interactive show while teaching them how to overcome bullying. “It makes them feel like they're not alone.” Annie Red believes that standing up to bullying is more important than ever. ____9____ “You don't have to show your face at all,” she says. “Someone could easily be affected by that.” ____10____ She believes that kids of her generation can make things better by finding their passions, and using those passions to inspire changes, as she has. “Kids' being more confident in themselves and wanting to do something that they really enjoy doing is something that motivates me to keep doing what I do.” A．But she sees a brighter future ahead. B．People have told her she sounds like a boy. C．She encourages kids of all ages to stand up to bullying. D．DJ Annie Red has performed at schools, festivals and Brooklyn Net games. E．Her 2017 book, The Bully Stop, is based on her song “No You Won't Bully Me”. F．The 13-year-old from Brooklyn, New York, is known to the world as DJ Annie Red. G．That's because people can bully others on social media while hiding behind a username. 【答案】6．F 7．B 8．D 9．G 10．A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。讲述了两位闻名世界的小音乐家对待欺凌的态度，以及她们如何用音 乐来对抗欺凌。 【6 题详解】 根据空前“Samira Horton says（Samira Horton说道）”空后“She has been rapping and performing since she was 6 years old.（自从她6岁开始，她就一直在说唱，在表演。）”可知，空前提出了Samira Horton这个人，且空后介绍她从6岁开始说唱，此空也应是对Samira Horton的介绍，F项“这个来自纽约 布鲁克林13岁的女孩，就如DJ Annie Red一样，闻名于世界”符合，故选F项。 【7 题详解】 根据空前“DJ Annie Red has a deep voice.（DJ Annie Red声音很低沉）”可知，B项“人们说她的声 音像男生的声音”是前文的顺义承接，前文说她声音低沉，所以人们会说她的声音像男生的声音，故选B 项。 【8 题详解】 根据空后“She posts her music online, too.（她也将她的音乐传到网上去）”可知，空后讲的是她表演 的方式，且根据本句的“too（也）”可以推出，本空也应是她表演的方式，D项“DJ Annie Red在学校、节日里以及布鲁克林网络游戏上表演”符合，故选D项。 【9 题详解】 根据空前“Annie Red believes that standing up to bullying is more important than ever.（认为勇敢抵抗欺 凌比之前更加重要）”以及空后“‘You don't have to show your face at all,’ she says. ‘Someone could easily be affected by that.’（她说道，你根本不需要露脸，但是一些人很容易就受到伤害。）”可知，空前说勇敢 抵抗欺凌很重要，后文提到不需要露脸，因此是在网上欺凌，G项“那是因为人们可以在社交媒体上欺凌 别人，并且还是隐藏在用户名背后”承上启下，解释空前对抗霸凌更重要的原因，并说隐藏在用户名背 后，引出后文的不用露脸，故选G项。 【10 题详解】 根据空前提到出现网上欺凌对人伤害不小，以及空后“She believes that kids of her generation can make things better by finding their passions, and using those passions to inspire changes, as she has.（她认为她这一代 的孩子能通过找到热情来让事情朝更好的方向发展，并且他们可以用这些热情来做出一些改变）”可知， 前文说明网上欺凌的伤害，后文又说明事情会朝好的方向发展，前后为转折关系，A项“但是她却看到了 前方明亮的未来。”符合，故选A项。 3. （2022·河北唐山·一模） When I was an incoming(即将入学的）student in University of Oxford，I participated FYSOP. Ever since then, whenever it comes up in conversation, I am met with the following question: “What is FYSOP?” ____11____ FYSOP stands for First Year Student Outreach Project, which focuses around a week service to the city of Oxford and its various neighborhoods. ____12____ They volunteer for the Oxford community at local sites helping out schools, parks or non-profit organizations. Students are divided into groups and led by student leaders. These leaders ensure that each place is prepared and that the students get there safely.____13____In this way the incoming students are able to reflect on what it means to give back and to be a part of the community. These conversations are important for incoming students because of the change they experience starting out in college. ____14____ Students obtain valuable volunteer experiences and meet new people. Also, FYSOP participants get to move in a week earlier than most other students. This means that you get to skip out on the hurried move in schedule and might even get a slightly cheaper flight than if you were moving in with the other 140,000 college students.____15____ Through my personal experience, I met some of my best friends, got a better understanding of the layout(布局) of Oxford，and really enjoyed volunteering at various non-profits. If you are not, maybe consider staffing FYSOP in the future. A．Here’s a brief introduction. B．Here’s why it has been established. C．The participants are all incoming students. D．There are so many bonuses being a part of FYSOP! E．If you’re an incoming student, FYSOP is worth looking into. F．Both the community and the students benefit a lot from the project. G．Leaders also open up conversations throughout the service experience. 【答案】11．A 12．C 13．G 14．D 15．E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了FYSOP的含义和参与活动的意义。 【11 题详解】 根据前文“Ever since then, whenever it comes up in conversation, I am met with the following question: “What is FYSOP?”(从那时起，每当在对话中提到这个问题时，我都会遇到以下问题：“FYSOP是什么?”)” 及下文内容可知，这里为承上启下句，简要介绍FYSOP。A选项“Here’s a brief introduction. (以下是它的 一个简短的介绍。)”符合题意，故选A。 【12 题详解】 根据前文“FYSOP stands for First Year Student Outreach Project, which focuses around a week service to the city of Oxford and its various neighborhoods.( FYSOP是第一年学生外展项目的缩写，它侧重于为牛津市 及其各个社区提供一周的服务。)”和后文“They volunteer for the Oxford community at local sites helping out schools, parks or non-profit organizations.(他们为牛津社区做志愿者，在当地的学校、公园或非盈利组织提供 帮助。)”可知，本段介绍的是参与该项目的对象和内容。C选项“The participants are all incoming students. (参加者都是即将入学的学生。)”符合题意，故选C。 【13 题详解】 根据前文“Students are divided into groups and led by student leaders. These leaders ensure that each place is prepared and that the students get there safely.(学生分成小组，由学生干部领导。这些领导确保每个地方都 做好了准备，并确保学生安全到达。)”和后文“These conversations are important for incoming students because of the change they experience starting out in college. (这些对话对即将入学的学生很重要，因为他们在大学开始时经历了变化。)”可知，在项目活动中，由学生领导开展服务并展开对话。G选项“Leaders also open up conversations throughout the service experience. (在整个服务体验过程中，领导者也会展开对话。)”符 合题意， conversations是关键词。故选G。 【14 题详解】 根据后文“Students obtain valuable volunteer experiences and meet new people. Also, FYSOP participants get to move in a week earlier than most other students. This means that you get to skip out on the hurried move in schedule and might even get a slightly cheaper flight than if you were moving in with the other 140,000 college students. (学生获得宝贵的志愿者经验和认识新的人。此外，FYSOP的参与者比大多数学生提前一周入住。 这意味着你可以避开匆忙的搬家计划，甚至可能比你搬去和其他14万大学生一起住便宜一点的航班。)”可 知，本段讲述的是学生参与这个服务的好处。D选项“There are so many bonuses being a part of FYSOP! (FYSOP中有很多奖励! )”符合题意，故选D。 【15 题详解】 根据后文“Through my personal experience, I met some of my best friends, got a better understanding of the layout(布局) of Oxford，and really enjoyed volunteering at various non-profits. If you are not, maybe consider staffing FYSOP in the future. (通过我的个人经历，我认识了一些我最好的朋友，对牛津的布局有了更好的了 解，也真正享受了在各种非营利组织做志愿者的过程。如果不是，也许可以考虑将来为FYSOP后补人 员。)”可知，本段是作者以亲身经历呼吁大家参加FYSOP及好处。E选项“If you're an incoming student, FYSOP is worth looking into. (如果你是一个即将入学的学生，FYSOP是值得看看的。)”符合题意，故选 E。 4. （2022·宁夏·银川一中一模） As is known to us, many entrepreneurs, even those who run a tiny business that amount to self-employment like their freedom and self-reliance and the possibility that they could become wealthy. ____16____ Considering the bleak employment conditions and government’s encouraging policies towards college students, it is no surprise that so many graduates choose self-employment instead of finding a job. Self-employment can bring many benefits to the society as well as to the students themselves. ____17____ For the students, they can not only put what they have learned at school into practice, but also have an opportunity to improve their innovation abilities by combining their theoretical knowledge with social practice. ____18____ For one thing, due to the limitations of college students themselves, such as lack of experience, social network andwell-considered plans, etc.. ____19____ For another, once they fail in managing well their own business, they may easily feel depressed and come to a breakdown. As a saying goes, where there is a will, there is a way. In my view, as long as the students realize the difficulties and make full preparation, it is worth trying to start their own business. ____20____ A．it is advised that they have to start small. B．After all, anything should be tried when young. C．Self-employment can also have disadvantages, though. D．Hence, advantages will arise in the course of self-employment. E．it is tough to be successful, thus causing a waste of social resources. F．For the society, self-employment can ease the pressure of employment. G．Self-employment is attracting many a newly graduated college student. 【答案】16．G 17．F 18．C 19．E 20．B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文阐述了大学生自主创业的优缺点。 【16 题详解】 根据后文“Considering the bleak employment conditions and government’s encouraging policies towards college students, it is no surprise that so many graduates choose self-employment instead of finding a job.(考虑到 暗淡的就业条件和政府对大学生的鼓励政策，难怪这么多的毕业生选择自主创业而不是找工作)”可知，许 多大学毕业生选择了自主创业，故本句为总起句，指出自主创业吸引许多大学毕业生。故G选项“自主创 业吸引了很多刚毕业的大学生”符合语境，故选G。 【17 题详解】 根据后文“For the students, they can not only put what they have learned at school into practice, but also have an opportunity to improve their innovation abilities by combining their theoretical knowledge with social practice.(对于学生来说，他们不仅可以把在学校学到的知识运用到实践中，还可以通过理论知识与社会实 践相结合来提高自己的创新能力)”可知，后文提到了自主创业从学生层面出发的好处，可知本句是在说明 另一个角度，故F选项“对于社会来说，自主创业可以缓解就业压力”符合语境，故选F。 【18 题详解】 根据上文“For the students, they can not only put what they have learned at school into practice, but also have an opportunity to improve their innovation abilities by combining their theoretical knowledge with social practice.(对于学生来说，他们不仅可以把在学校学到的知识运用到实践中，还可以通过理论知识与社会实践相结合来提高自己的创新能力)”以及后文“For one thing, due to the limitations of college students themselves, such as lack of experience, social network and well-considered plans, etc.,(一方面，由于大学生自身 的限制，如缺乏经验，社交网络和周密的计划等……)”可知，上文论述了自主创业的优点，下文论述其缺 点，故本句与上文构成转折，指出自主创业也有缺点，故C选项“尽管如此，自主创业也有缺点”符合语 境，故选C。 【19 题详解】 根据上文“For one thing, due to the limitations of college students themselves, such as lack of experience, social network and well-considered plans, etc.,(一方面，由于大学生自身的限制，如缺乏经验，社交网络和周 密的计划等……)”可知，上文论述自主创业的缺点，本句论述其影响。故E选项“很难成功，从而造成社 会资源的浪费”符合语境，故选E。 【20 题详解】 根据上文“As a saying goes, where there is a will, there is a way. In my view, as long as the students realize the difficulties and make full preparation, it is worth trying to start their own business.(俗话说，有志者事竟成。 在我看来，只要学生意识到困难，做好充分的准备，创业是值得的)”可知，本句对上文进行总结，指出作 者对自主创业的看法：任何事情都应该在年轻的时候尝试。故B选项“毕竟，任何事情都应该在年轻的时 候尝试”符合语境，故选B。 5. （2022·河北石家庄·一模） Wildlife workers in Florida are feeding manatees to keep them from starving. ____21____ So far, the rescue workers have already given out 25 tons of lettuce. Manatees are huge sea mammals that can be as long as 4 meters when grown.____22____ In spite of their size, manatees only eat plants that live in the sea. That’s one reason they’re sometimes called “sea cows”. They spend most of their time in warm shallow water looking for food. But Florida’s manatees have been on the US government’s list of endangered animals since 1967. Most threats to manatees come from humans. One of the biggest problems facing the creatures are boats. ____23____ Manatees are curious and fairly slow, which has led to thousands of manatees being injured or killed. ____24____At one point, there were only about 2, 000 manatees left in Florida. But by 2016, there were roughly 8,800 manatees. But now manatees are facing a new challenge: they can't get enough to eat. Many of the beds of sea grass that manatees depend upon have been killed by human-caused pollution. Sea grass began to disappear around 2011.Warming seas, combined with polluted water and fertilizers that have washed off of farmlands, have created huge growths of algae on the ocean’s surface. Last year, 1,101 manatees died from starving.____25____ Many of the manatees that remain are so thin that their ribs can be seen. Often they have trouble swimming. So last December, wildlife experts came up with a plan to get emergency food to the manatees. They decided to feed them green vegetables like lettuce and cabbage. Long term, Florida is working to help restore sea grass beds. But that will take time. A．That was a record. B．They can weigh up to 590 kilograms. C．The feeding station has been very successful. D．With protection, manatees managed to bounce back. E．It blocks the sunlight that allows the sea grass to grow. F．But feeding these massive sea creatures takes a lot of food. G．Research needs to be done to determine what food would be best. 【答案】21．F 22．B 23．E 24．D 25．A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海牛这种海洋动物，介绍了它们的特点以及习性等情 况。 【21 题详解】 根据上文“Wildlife workers in Florida are feeding manatees to keep them from starving.(佛罗里达州的野 生动物工作者正在喂海牛，以防止它们挨饿)”以及后文“So far, the rescue workers have already given out 25 tons of lettuce.(到目前为止，救援人员已经分发了25吨生菜)”可知，后文提到了投喂海牛的庞大食物数量， 可见这些海洋生物需要的食物量很大。故F选项“但是喂养这些巨大的海洋生物需要大量的食物”符合语 境，故选F。 【22 题详解】 根据上文“Manatees are huge sea mammals that can be as long as 4 meters when grown.(海牛是巨大的海 洋哺乳动物，长到4米长)”以及后文“In spite of their size, manatees only eat plants that live in the sea. That’s one reason they’re sometimes called “sea cows”. They spend most of their time in warm shallow water looking for food.(尽管海牛体型庞大，但它们只吃生活在海里的植物。这就是它们有时被称为“海牛”的原因之一。它们大部分时间都在温暖的浅水里觅食)”可知，本段主要是在说明海牛的身体特点，上文提到了身长，推测 本句是在说明体重。故B选项“它们可以重达590公斤”符合语境，故选B。 【23 题详解】 根据上文“But Florida’s manatees have been on the US government’s list of endangered animals since 1967. Most threats to manatees come from humans. One of the biggest problems facing the creatures are boats. (但 自1967年以来，佛罗里达州的海牛就被列入了美国政府的濒危动物名单。海牛面临的大多数威胁来自人 类。这些生物面临的最大问题之一是船)”可知，本句应具体说明人类船只是如何影响海牛的生存的：阻挡 了让海草生长的阳光，故E选项“它阻挡了让海草生长的阳光”符合语境，故选E。 【24 题详解】 根据后文“At one point, there were only about 2, 000 manatees left in Florida. But by 2016, there were roughly 8,800 manatees. (佛罗里达州曾经一度只剩下约2000头海牛。但到2016年，大约有8800头海牛)”可 知，后文提到了海牛数量有所增加，说明保护措施起效了。故D选项“在保护下，海牛数量成功地反弹 了”符合语境，故选D。 【25 题详解】 根据上文“Last year, 1,101 manatees died from starving. (去年，有1101头海牛死于饥饿)”可知，上文 具体说明了死于饥饿的海牛数量，可知本句对此进行评价：这是一个记录。故A选项“这是一个记录”符 合语境，故选A。 6. （2022·江苏南通·一模） What’s better: private school vs public school? Choosing which school to send your children to can be a very hard decision to make. ____26____ Ask about testing scores. Students at private schools tend to outscore public school students on standardized tests, which can affect your child’s ability to get into college. ____27____ Researchers have used the same data to come to conflicting conclusions. Other factors like socioeconomic status, can influence student’s scores, regardless of where they are educated. ____28____ In general, public schools tend to have larger class sizes than private schools. If you need a school that can give more attention to individual students, you might consider a private school or a smaller public school. Tour the school. Before you even begin to choose between a public or private one, you’ll need to schedule a tour of the school you’re interested in. Do the students look happy and engaged? Are the learning spaces bright andclean? ____29____ Taking your children along gives the them chance to see the school and decide if it feels like a comfortable environment to them. Don’t put too much stock in online ratings. ____30____ But they could also have fantastic teachers and principals. Talking to others help you figure out if this is true. Therefore, don’t write a school off just because its ratings are a little low. In a word, knowing what matters to you in terms of the differences between public and private education can make your decision a little easier. A．The final decision is yours. B．Take into account class size. C．Some practical actions can help a lot. D．However, there is some debate about this. E．You can learn a lot about these when you visit. F．Same schools might have unfavorable comments. G．Decide how important private schools are to your child. 【答案】26．C 27．D 28．B 29．E 30．F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了公立学校和私立学校之间的一些差异，以及在选择公 立学校和私立学校上的一些建议。 26 题详解】 上文“Choosing which school to send your children to can be a very hard decision to make. (选择送你的孩 子去哪所学校可能是一个非常困难的决定)”指出，在公立学校和私立学校做选择是一件困难的事，设空处 承上启下，下文“Ask about testing scores. (询问考试成绩)”以及“Tour the school. (参观学校)”提出了一些辅 助选择的实际行动。C项“Some practical actions can help a lot. (一些实际行动会有很大帮助)”承上启下，符 合文意。故选C项。 27 题详解】 上文“Students at private schools tend to outscore public school students on standardized tests, which can affect your child’s ability to get into college. (私立学校的学生在标准化考试中的得分往往超过公立学校的学 生，这可能会影响孩子进入大学的能力)”指出，上私立学校的学生成绩较高，可能会对学生考大学造成影 响，设空处承上启下，下文“Other factors like socioeconomic status, can influence student’s scores, regardless of where they are educated. (其他因素，如社会经济地位，可以影响学生的分数，无论他们在哪里接受教育)”说明，上私立学校不是学生取得好成绩的决定性因素，也不是影响学生考大学的唯一因素。D项 “However, there is some debate about this. (然而，关于这一点存在一些争论)”承上启下，符合文意。故选D 项。 28 题详解】 下文“In general, public schools tend to have larger class sizes than private schools. If you need a school that can give more attention to individual students, you might consider a private school or a smaller public school. (一般来说，公立学校的班级规模往往比私立学校大。如果你需要一所能更加关注个体学生的学校，你可以 考虑私立学校或规模较小的公立学校)”介绍了公立学校和私立学校不同的班级规模，针对学生家长的需求 给出了具体的选择建议。B项“Take into account class size. (考虑班级规模)”引出下文，符合段意。故选B 项。 29 题详解】 上文“Before you even begin to choose between a public or private one, you’ll need to schedule a tour of the school you’re interested in. Do the students look happy and engaged? Are the learning spaces bright and clean? (在你开始选择公立学校还是私立学校之前，你需要安排一次参观你感兴趣的学校的行程。学生们看起来开 心且专注吗？学习空间是否明亮干净)”建议读者在为孩子选择学校前先考查一下学校，带着一些问题去思 考该学校是否合适。E项“You can learn a lot about these when you visit. (当你参观时，你可以了解到很多关 于这些的知识)”承接上文，符合文意。故选E项。 30 题详解】 上文“Don’t put too much stock in online ratings. (不要太相信网络评价)”指出，关于学校的网络评价不 可尽信，设空处承上启下，通过下文“But they could also have fantastic teachers and principals. (但是他们也 可能有很棒的老师和校长)”可推知，此处与设空处呈转折关系，指的是有些学校的网络评价可能不好，但 是他们可能并不像网上说的那样。F项“Same schools might have unfavorable comments. (同样的学校可能会 有不好的评论)”承上启下，符合文意。故选F项。 7. （2022·陕西省榆林中学二模） Fall is our favourite hiking season. It’s not too hot. The bugs are gone. Solitude (无人居住的地方) is easier to find. But fall hiking has its own complications, especially when it comes to weather. ____31____ Protect your feet. Pamper your feet, and they’ll take you around the world. ____32____ A pair of suede or synthetic shoes will offer great comfort, without a big “breaking in” process. They dry fast, and aren’t tough on thewallet. If you’re going for longer treks (跋涉), then you’ll want footwear that offers support, comfort, weather resistance, and durability. Backpacks. ____33____ Size. For a short hike, a daypack is best. It’s light, practical, and big enough to carry the essentials (you’ve looking for something between 15 and 35 L). For longer hikes, look for a pack between 30- 50 L with an integrated frame (to prevent the bag from putting too much pressure on your back and shoulders). Stay hydrated (含水的). Yes, the heatwaves of summer are probably gone for the year, but packing enough water is vital in any season. ____34____ For longer treks, consider a hydration reservoir, which can carry anywhere from 0.5 to 10 L. No need to search in your pack for your water bottle; just enjoy a sip from the handy tube. ____35____ Changeable fall can transform a sunny morning into a wet, cold afternoon. After a forest hike, the wind atop the lookout can bite. Dress in layers. If it’s warm, you can take a layer off to prevent sweating. If it’s cool, you can add a layer back on. Softshells are easily packable and light. They keep wind and water off, and are easy to take on and off as needed. Dressing for your trek? Check the forecast before hitting the trails. A．Number one criterion? B．Keep warm and dry. C．Like only cheep shoes? D．Just going short distances? E．Having enough water will keep you energetic. F．Before heading out, check out this handy fall hiking checklist. G．For shorter hikes, this might just mean filling up your favourite water bottle. 【答案】31．F 32．D 33．A 34．G 35．B 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍几条秋季徒步旅行时的注意事项和应对策略。 【31 题详解】 根据上文“But fall hiking has its own complications, especially when it comes to weather.”(但秋季徒步旅 行有其复杂性，尤其是在天气方面。)可知，接下来，文章要提出这些复杂性是什么，要如何应对。选项 F“出发之前，看看这个便捷的秋季徒步旅行清单。”和上文意思连贯。故选F。 【32 题详解】 根据上文“Protect your feet.”(保护你的脚。)和下文“If you’re going for longer treks (跋涉), then you’ll want footwear that offers support, comfort, weather resistance, and durability.”(如果你想要长途跋涉，那么你需要一双能提供支撑性，舒适性，耐候性和耐用性的鞋子。)可知，这一段作者建议徒步旅行时要保护好脚， 并介绍具体的保护措施。选项D“仅仅是短距离旅行就可以吗？”用疑问句的形式排除了一种不完美的保护 脚的方法，空格下文提出了更好的保护脚的方法：一双完美的鞋子。选项D和上下文意思连贯。故选D。 【33 题详解】 根据下文“Size”(尺寸)可知，这里提到对背包的要求。选项A“第一准则？”先对背包提出了最重要 的要求，和下文意思一致。故选A。 【34 题详解】 根据上文“Stay hydrated”(保持水分)和下文“For longer treks, consider a hydration reservoir, which can carry anywhere from 0.5 to 10 L.”(对于长途跋涉，考虑一个不管去哪都可以携带0.5到10公升的补充水分的 储备工具。)可知，这一段提出徒步旅行时要带充足的水。选项G“对于教短途的远足，这可能意味着装满 你最喜欢的水瓶。”和上下文意思一致。故选G。 【35 题详解】 根据下文“They keep wind and water off, and are easy to take on and off as needed.”(它们可以挡风挡 水，而且可以根据需要方便地开启和关闭。)可知，这一段说的是徒步旅行时的保暖和干的问题。选项 B“保持暖和和干燥。”和下文意思一致。故选B。 8. （2022·广西南宁·一模） Some people love the tradition of setting a goal each Jan. 1st. ____36____. But there is actually a logic to joining the New Year’s resolution trend. If you want to increase your chances of sticking to your 2022 New Year’s resolution, behavioral scientists have discovered a host of techniques that can help. • Make it measurable. An unclear, ill-defined target, such as “get fitter”, is a reason for a failed resolution. To increase your chances of success, ask yourself what you consider "fitter" and how you can achieve this. A better solution might be “run 5kms in X minutes". ____37____. Specific goals allow you to track progress, which in turn can motivate you. • Make it fun. If you get pleasure from your workouts or study sessions, research has found you’11 carry on longer. ____38____. For example, only letting yourself drink a mocha latte during study sessions so there is an attraction to get you to the library. • ____39____.Ensuring you’ll face some punishment if you don’t achieve your New Year’s resolution can work wonders. One easy way to do this is by telling a few people about your goal so you 11 feel ashamed if they check back later and find out you haven’t followed through. • Get a little help from your friends. Spending time around high achievers can promote your own performance. If your resolution is to run a marathon, you’d be wise to start hanging around friends who’ve made it to the finish line and can show you how it’s done. ____40____,because you’ll tend to learn their patterns of behavior. A．Consider a punishment B．Figure out your resolution list C．You’re extra motivated to set your goals D．You’ll pick up a bit just by spending time together E．You could even add deadlines for reaching certain important stages F．Others argue it’s a waste of time since most resolutions fail by mid-March G．One way to make going for a goal more fun is to combine it with a pleasure 【答案】36．F 37．E 38．G 39．A 40．D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了行为科学家提出四种有助于坚持新年决心的方法。 【36 题详解】 根据前文“Some people love the tradition of setting a goal each Jan. 1st.(有些人喜欢每年1月1日设定目 标的传统。)”中的“Some”可知，下文可描写others的看法。F选项“Others argue it’s a waste of time since most resolutions fail by mid-March(其他人则认为这是浪费时间，因为大多数新年决心到3月中旬就失败了)” 符合题意，故选F。 【37 题详解】 根据前文“A better solution might be “run 5kms in X minutes”.(一个更好的解决方案可能是“在X分钟 内跑5公里”。)”可知，本段介绍的方法是为目标加上一个期限。E选项“You could even add deadlines for reaching certain important stages(你甚至可以为达到某些重要的阶段增加最后期限)”符合题意，故选E。 【38 题详解】 根据本段的小标题“• Make it fun.(•让它变得有趣。)”根据下文“For example, only letting yourself drink a mocha latte during study sessions so there is an attraction to get you to the library.”（例如，在学习期间只 让自己喝一杯摩卡拿铁，这样就会吸引你去图书馆。）可知，本段介绍的方法是要让你的目标变得有趣。G选项“One way to make going for a goal more fun is to combine it with a pleasure(让追求一个目标变得更有 趣的一个方法是把它和快乐结合起来)”符合题意，故选G。 【39 题详解】 根据后文“Ensuring you’ll face some punishment if you don’t achieve your New Year’s resolution can work wonders.(如果你没有实现新年决心，确保自己会受到一些惩罚，这可以创造奇迹。)”可知，本段介绍 的是要为自己的目标设立奖惩措施。A选项“Consider a punishment(考虑惩罚)”符合题意，故选A。 【40 题详解】 根据前文“Spending time around high achievers can promote your own performance.(花时间和成功人士 在一起可以提升你的表现。)”可知，本段介绍的是要与成功人士在一起的好处。D选项“You’ll pick up a bit just by spending time together(只要花时间在一起，你就会学会一点)”符合题意，故选D。 9. （2022·山东·烟台市教育科学研究院一模） Adele’s new album, “30”, is finally available. Last month, hundreds of millions of us streamed its first single, “Easy On Me.” This song arouses feelings not easily put into words, but we can probably agree it is a sad song. ___41___ Yet sad music does pull us in and lift us up. Let’s start with a biological theory. When we experience real-life loss, or empathize (体会) with another’s pain, certain hormones are released within us. ___42___ They do so by making us feel calmed and supported. Feeling Adele’s pain, or recalling our own, may cause such chemical changes within us. Psychologically, a key reason we enjoy sad songs is that they profoundly move us. Feeling moved can come from us suddenly feeling closer to other people. Indeed, when we have listened to “30”, we may turn to reaction videos to see how others feel. ___43___And it boosts our feeling of being moved and triggers feelings of comfort and belonging. ___44___ Adele’s songs allow us to view the pleasure in terms of the meaning she helps us make. Adele takes hard life experiences and makes sense of them. This is what much sad art does. It takes the pain and suffering of the world and gives it meaning. As philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche once put it, someone who has a why to live can bear almost any how. Ultimately, we listen to Adele’s songs when we want to recall, reflect, or belong. They let us feel her sadness, share our suffering, and connect with others. To all of us, Adele’s songs say: ___45___ A．You are not alone in your pain. B．Music speaks louder than words.C．These help us to tackle loss and pain. D．We can also think at the spiritual level. E．Few people are aware sad music makes us feel good. F．This lets us share an emotional experience with others. G．This may make us better prepared for when real loss strikes. 【答案】41．E 42．C 43．F 44．D 45．A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章从三个角度介绍了悲伤的音乐确实能让我们振作起来的原因。 【41 题详解】 根据后文“Yet sad music does pull us in and lift us up.(然而悲伤的音乐确实能让我们振作起来。)”可 知，人们没有意识到悲伤的音乐的积极作用。E选项“Few people are aware sad music makes us feel good. (很少有人意识到悲伤的音乐让我们感觉很好。)”符合题意，故选E。 【42 题详解】 根据前文“When we experience real-life loss, or empathize with another’s pain, certain hormones are released within us. (当我们经历现实生活中的失落，或同情他人的痛苦时，我们体内会释放某些激素。)”可 知，本段介绍的是体内的激素对于我们情感修复的作用。C选项“These help us to tackle loss and pain. (这些 帮助我们处理损失和痛苦。)”符合题意，故选C。 【43 题详解】 根据前文“Indeed, when we have listened to “30”, we may turn to reaction videos to see how others feel. (事实上，当我们听了《30》，我们可能会转向反应视频，看看其他人是什么感觉。)”和后文“And it boosts our feeling of being moved and triggers feelings of comfort and belonging.(它能激发我们被感动的感觉，激发我 们的舒适感和归属感。)”可知，听悲伤的歌曲有助于我们去分享情感。F选项“This lets us share an emotional experience with others. (这让我们与他人分享情感体验。)”符合题意，故选F。 【44 题详解】 根据后文“Adele’s songs allow us to view the pleasure in terms of the meaning she helps us make. (阿黛尔 的歌曲让我们从她帮助我们创造的意义的角度来看待快乐。)”可知，本段介绍的是悲伤歌曲带给我们精神 层面的感悟。D选项“We can also think at the spiritual level. (我们也可以在精神层面上思考。)”符合题意， 故选D。 【45 题详解】根据前文“They let us feel her sadness, share our suffering, and connect with others. To all of us, Adele’s songs say: (他们让我们感受她的悲伤，分享我们的痛苦，并与他人联系。对我们所有人来说，阿黛尔的歌 中写道：)”可知，本段介绍的是通过听阿黛尔的歌，分享痛苦，悲伤不再是一个人的。A选项“You are not alone in your pain. (你不是一个人在承受痛苦。)”符合题意，故选A。 10. （2022·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·一模） Have a look at some of the common myths (误区) about college admissions in the US. ___46___ Of course, your grades matter. But many students with perfect scores have been rejected because they didn’t have anything else to set them apart. Actually, what really matters depends on the classes you took, based on the offerings at your high school. Some schools offer more advanced courses than others, and a B in one of these more challenging courses can signify a higher level of mastery than an A in a grade-level class at a school. ___47___. Many admission officers look for an upward trend and improvements over time that enable a student to finish strong. The more clubs and activities, the better ___48___. Being committed to key interests is more important than joining a lot of clubs. Colleges look for depth and potential leadership, not just participation. For example, your competitive swimming experience and working your way up to team captain add something really important to your strong academic record. Some students simply don’t have time for clubs and sports because they might need to take care of younger sisters and brothers after school or hold a part-time job. ___49___ . Ask for a recommendation only from a teacher who gave you an A The best person to ask for a letter of recommendation isn’t necessarily a teacher who gave you an A． ___50___ . You might choose the teacher who taught your most difficult class, for example, or a class you thought you wouldn’t like but did. A．Talk to the admission officer in person B．Getting all A’s is the most important thing C．Colleges usually measure applicants in terms of test scores D．And don’t be discouraged if your grades weren’t good early in high school E．In that case, they would do well to focus on what they get out of such workF．Quality means more than quantity when it comes to extracurricular activities G．It’s better to go to a teacher who can show a different side of you to the college 【答案】46．B 47．D 48．F 49．E 50．G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了申请美国大学时常犯的错误。 【46 题详解】 空格处是本段的小标题，根据下文“Of course, your grades matter. But many students with perfect scores have been rejected because they didn’t have anything else to set them apart.(当然，你的成绩很重要。但许多成 绩优异的学生却被拒之门外，因为他们没有别的东西能让他们脱颖而出。)”可知，本段主要讲的误区是认 为成绩最重要，B项“Getting all A’s is the most important thing(每门课都是A最重要)”说明了成绩最重要这 个误区，适合作本小节的标题。故选B。 【47 题详解】 空格前说“Some schools offer more advanced courses than others, and a B in one of these more challenging courses can signify a higher level of mastery than an A in a grade-level class at a school.(有些学校比 其他学校提供更高级的课程，在这些更具挑战性的课程中，B比A代表着更高的掌握水平。)”，空格后说 “Many admission officers look for an upward trend and improvements over time that enable a student to finish strong.(许多招生办的工作人员都在寻找一种上升的趋势和随着时间的推移而取得的进步，以使学生能够出 色地完成学业。)”，由此说明，就算成绩不好也没有关系，不需要气馁，D选项“And don’t be discouraged if your grades weren’t good early in high school(如果你的成绩在高中早期不是很好，不要气馁)”点明了成绩不 好也无需气馁，位于空格处起着承上启下的作用，因此D选项符合语境，故选D。 【48 题详解】 本段小标题是“The more clubs and activities, the better(俱乐部和活动越多越好。)”，说明事实是不是 参加的俱乐部和活动越多越好，空格后说“Being committed to key interests is more important than joining a lot of clubs. Colleges look for depth and potential leadership, not just participation.(致力于自己的主要兴趣比参 加很多俱乐部更重要。大学寻求的是深度和潜在的领导能力，而不仅仅是参与。)”说明参加的俱乐部的质 量比数量更重要，F选项“Quality means more than quantity when it comes to extracurricular activities(对于课 外活动来说，质量比数量更重要)”点明了数量并不是那么重要，因此F选项呼应小标题，和下文内容相呼 应，因此F选项符合语境，故选F。 【49 题详解】空格前说“Some students simply don’t have time for clubs and sports because they might need to take care of younger sisters and brothers after school or hold a part-time job.(一些学生根本没有时间参加俱乐部和运动， 因为他们可能需要在放学后照顾弟弟妹妹，或者要做兼职工作。)”，E选项“In that case, they would do well to focus on what they get out of such work(在这种情况下，他们会很好地专注于他们从这样的工作中得到什 么)”说明了学生会在乎他们在照顾弟弟妹妹，或者在兼职工作中的收获，因此E选项承接上文，符合语 境，故选E。 【50 题详解】 本段要讲的误区是“Ask for a recommendation only from a teacher who gave you an A(只向给你A的老 师要推荐信)”，说明不应该只向给你A的老师要推荐信，空格前说“The best person to ask for a letter of recommendation isn’t necessarily a teacher who gave you an A.(最好的推荐人不一定是给你A的老师。)”，空 格处应说“应该向什么样的老师要推荐信”，G选项“It’s better to go to a teacher who can show a different side of you to the college(最好去找一个可以向学校展示你不同的一面的老师)”说明了应该找什么老师，因此 G选项承接上文，符合语境，故选G。 二、2021年及以前的模拟训练 1 My mother is a diligent and kind woman. She is very busy from morning till night. As a teacher, she works hard. 1 . Both my brother and I love her dearly as she loves us. My mother has been teaching math at a middle school in my hometown. She goes to work early in the morning and does not return home until late in the afternoon. 2 . She treats them with patience and teaches them well. For her excellent quality and very good teaching results, she has been elected as a model teacher several times. 3 . Every day, when she comes back home from work, she sets about doing housework, sweeping the living room and bedrooms or cleaning the furniture, and putting everything in good order. She seems to be busy all the time. As she has been very busy working every day, she looks older than her age. But she looks as cheerful and happy as ever. Mother never buys expensive dresses for herself, but she often buys some inexpensive but high quality clothes for us. 4 . She just eats a plain meal outside when she is too busy to cook herself. She lives a busy yet simple life, without any complaints. Often she says to us, “work while you work, and play while you play. That is the way to be happy and gay. If you do not work, you will become lazy and be of no use to society”. What a piece of good advice this is! 5 . Thisadvice of hers will always serve as a guide to my behavior. My mother is great indeed, and I always feel proud of her. A. As a mother, she takes good care of us and gives us every comfort. B. She enjoys listening to classic music. C. She never goes to expensive restaurants to enjoy meals. D. She loves her students and cares for them. E.My mother is hard-working and never wastes money. F.Can you tell us something about your mother? G.I never forget it and always bear it in my mind. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. E 4. C 5. G 【解析】本文为记叙文。本文介绍了妈妈的性格特点，作为老师她工作努力，作为妈妈她能够用心 照顾家庭，教育孩子，给孩子树立良好的榜样。 【1 题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据前一句“As a teacher, she works hard”可 知，作为老师她非常的努力工作，可知接下来应该描述作为妈妈，她的做法。解析选项可知A项（As a mother, she takes good care of us and gives us every comfort.）符合上下文，故选A。 【2 题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据下句“She treats them with patience and teaches them well” 她非常耐心的对待学生们教他们教的非常的好。可知她对待学生的情况，故 D项（She loves her students and cares for them）符合上下文的语境。故选D。 【3 题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据下文“she sets about doing housework, sweeping the living room and bedrooms or cleaning the furniture, and putting everything in good order”和“she often buys some inexpensive but high quality clothes for us”可知，她一回来就做很多的事情，非常勤奋，所以 此处应该说母亲非常的勤奋，不浪费每一份钱。由此可推断出妈妈工作努力，生活上又节省，E项（My mother is hard-working and never wastes money）正确。故选E。 【4 题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据下句“She just eats a plain meal outside when she is too busy to cook herself.”可知妈妈她只在外面吃一些非常平常的饭菜，由此可推断出只吃一些很平常 的饭菜，不到高档场所去消费。解析选项可知C项（She never goes to expensive restaurants to enjoy meals） 符合题意，故选C。 【5 题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据前一句“What a piece of good advice this is!” 可知我认为妈妈这个建议非常好，所以我永远都会记住，不会忘记的，G项（I never forget it and always bear it in my mind.）符合上下文，故选G。2 There was once a lonely girl who longed so much for love. One day while she was walking in the woods she found two starving birds. 6 . She cared them with love and the birds grew strong. Every morning they greeted her with a wonderful song. The girl felt the great love from the birds. 7 . . The larger and the stronger of the two birds flew from the cage. The girl was so frightened that he would fly away. As he flew close, she grasped him wildly. Her heart felt glad at her success in capturing him. 8 . . She opened her hand and stared in horror at the dead bird. Her desperate love had killed him. She noticed the other bird moving back and forth on the edge of the cage. She could feel his great need for freedom. He needed to fly into the clear, blue sky. 9 . . The bird circled once, twice, three times. The girl watched delightedly at the bird’s enjoyment. 10 . . She wanted the bird to be happy. Suddenly the bird flew closer and landed softly on her shoulder. It sang the sweetest songs that she had ever heard. The fastest way to lose love is to hold on it too tight, while the best way to keep love is to give it wings! A. Her heart was no longer concerned with her loss. B. She gave them some delicious food and left. C. One day she left with the two birds at home alone. D. She took them home and put them in a small cage. E.She lifted him from the cage and threw him softly into the air. F.One day the girl left the door of the cage open. G.Suddenly she felt the bird go softly. 【答案】6. D 7. F 8. G 9. E 10. A 【解析】这是一篇哲理性的故事。一个孤独的小女孩很渴望爱。一天，她遇到两只快要饿死的小 鸟，就带回家养着，鸟也反馈给她很多的爱。一天，一只鸟飞出了笼子，小女孩怕鸟飞走，当鸟靠近她 时，她太用力把鸟捏死了。同时，她感受到了另一只鸟渴望自由，就把另一只鸟放了。鸟落在她肩膀唱起 了最甜美的歌。这个故事告诉我们：握得太紧爱就会失去，保存爱的方式是给它自由。 【6 题详解】空格位于段中。空格前一句话意思是：一天她走在森林里时发现了两只快要饿死的 鸟。空格后一句话意思是：她用爱来关心它们，小鸟长得很强壮。可推知，小女孩把小鸟带回了家。选项 D中的“took them home”符合语境，并且选项D中的“a small cage”与下文中的cage呼应。故选D。 【7 题详解】空格位于段首。由空格后的The larger and the stronger of the two birds flew from the cage. （大点强壮点的鸟从笼子里飞了出去）可知，笼子门被打开了。选项 F中的“left the door of the cage open”符合情境。故选F。 【8 题详解】空格位于段中。空格上句意思为：她成功抓住了鸟她很开心。空格下句意思为：她张 开手，惊恐的发现鸟死了。选项G中的she felt the bird go softly（她感觉到鸟变软）符合语境，故选G。 【9 题详解】空格位于段中。空格后句意为：鸟盘旋了一次、两次、三次。由“circle（盘旋）”可 知，小女孩把鸟放了出去，因为小笼子里太小鸟无法盘旋。选项 E中的threw him softly into the air符合语 境，故选E。 【10 题详解】空格位于段中。空格前句意为：小女孩开心的看着鸟的乐趣。空格后一句意思为：她 想要鸟高兴。可知本段是一个快乐的基调，选项A中的“no longer concerned with her loss（不再关注在失 去上）”符合语境。故选A。 3 If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. 11 . The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. 12 . We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor’s bill for my son’s food poisoning. I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. 13 . Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life. 14 . We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains. 15 . It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style. A. This time there was no tent. B. Things are going to be improved. C. The trip they took me on was a rough one. D. I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.E.I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping. F.After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping. G.There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall. 【答案】11. D 12. C 13. A 14. F 15. E 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己近三年来逐渐改变了对野营的看法，从以前对野营活 动嗤之以鼻，经过几次野营后慢慢喜欢上了野营，最后表达野营将逐渐成为人类回归自然的很好方式，建 议人们找到属于自己的方式。 【11 题详解】上文 They had nothing in common with me 说明作者原来认为他不会成为野营者. 而下 文主要描述的是"我"从最开始进行"rough travel"到有了"pop-up camper"再到有了 trailer 的过程，在这过程 中作者对野营的爱好逐步增加，对野营的相关知识也在逐步增长，上下文呈转折关系. D项意为"然而在那 之后我将会学到关于野营的很多知识"，起到转折作用，引出下文，符合语境. 故正确答案为D。 【12 题详解】由下文 We sleep in a tent，cooked over an open fire，and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom 可知，"我"的野营条件非常艰苦. C项意为"他们带我去的旅途非常艰苦"， 引出下文，符合语境. 故正确答案为C。 【13 题详解】由下文 Instead，we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner 可 知，空格处是与下文形成转折的内容，而"我"此次旅行用了展开式营房. A项意为"这一次没有帐篷"，与下 文形成转折，符合语境. 故正确答案为A。 【14 题详解】由第三段第一句 going on another fun-filled holiday 可知，"我"对这次旅行非常满意， 而由下文 We have done a lot of it since 可知，"我们"都爱上了野营. F项意为"从这里旅行后，我全家都对 野营产生了巨大的兴趣"，承上启下，符合语境. 故正确答案为F。 【15 题详解】由下文 sooner or later，everyone finds his or her way back to nature 可知，"我"希望每 个人都能找到回归自然，也就是野营的个性化选择. 形成这一观点的前提是"我"自己已经爱上了野营. E项 意为"我必须承认我已经开始享受野营了"，引出下文，符合语境. 故正确答案为E。 4 I experienced years of loneliness as a child. 16 . His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine. With no other kids of my age in the neighborhood, I had to spend hours by myself. A bright spot for me turned out to be reading. My love of the written word began early as my mother read to me every evening. 17 . I started reading books on my own before age 5 and my mother took me to the publiclibrary once a week to borrow several books. I quickly graduated from typical children’s books to ones with fewer pictures and longer chapters. Reading opened new worlds to me. 18 . My mother also encouraged me to make what I wanted. I tried making toy cars with cardboard boxes and constructing buildings from leftover cardboard and bits of wood my father gave me. When my mother saw my creations, she told me how creative my designs were. 19 . I learned a lot about how to extend the life of objects and transform them into something new and useful. It was a trait(特点) others found helpful, and I soon had friends who wanted to make things with me. 20 . My parents made it a point for their two kids to spend time outside, no matter the weather or season. My brother, of course, raced off to be with his friends, while I had plenty to do myself. There was making leaf houses in autumn, ice skating in winter, and so much more. They’re all memories I treasure today. A. I wasn't alone any longer. B. I enjoyed reading stories aloud. C. I was invited to play with another kid. D. I loved the colorful photographs in the books. E.Another habit I formed early was being outdoors. F.Thus, I began my lifelong interest in making things. G.My older brother couldn’t be bothered to play with me. 【答案】16. G 17. D 18. A 19. F 20. E 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者养成几个生活习惯的原因。 【16 题详解】设空在段中，应是承前启后句。根据后文“His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine”可知，设空句应提及“his”的身份，即G项中的“My elder brother”，且G项“我哥哥懒得和我一起玩”在此起到了承上启下的作用。故选G项。故选G项。 【17 题详解】根据前句提到“我对文字的爱始于母亲每天晚上给我读故事的时候”可知，D项“我 喜欢书中的彩色照片”和上句构成进一步说明。同时D项中的“书”指代上句提到的母亲每天给我读故事 的书。D项切题。故选D项。 【18 题详解】根据前句提到“阅读为我打开了新世界”可知，A项“我不在孤独”和上句构成了因 果关系。A项切题。故选A项。 【19 题详解】根据前句“当我的母亲看到我的创作时，她说我的设计很有创意”可知，F项“于 是，我开始对制造东西产生了长久的兴趣”和上句构成因果关系，我正是在听了母亲那句话后才开始了对 制造东西产生兴趣。F项切题。故选F项。【20 题详解】根据后句“无论天气或季节，我的父母都要让他们的两个孩子花时间在户外”可知， E项“我很早养成的另一个习惯是去户外”和前句表示因果逻辑。作者有去户外的习惯是因为后句提到的 父母的影响。E项切题。故选E项。 5 It was a little before nine o'clock on Tuesday night. 21 . “Do you need a second helping of pudding?"a waitress asked. Antonio, who had already finished a plate of pasta,a Fish Stew and a slice of cake, couldn't answer it right away. The question might be common for most diners, but for him, it was entirely novel because he was homeless and was having the meal for free. 22 . .He had no preparation for it. 23 . But at night, it transforms itself into a pioneering place where homeless people such as Antonio can dine free of charge, at tables set with flowers, metal cutlery（餐具）and proper glasses. The restaurant is the latest initiative（初步行动）from the charity Mensajeros de la Paz.It was founded 54 years ago by Father Angel Garcia Rodriguez. Its business model – using breakfast and lunch takings from paying customers to fund free evening meals for the homeless - is simple enough. 24 . “The inspiration came from Pope Francis, who's spoken again and again about the importance of giving people dignity, whether it's through bread or through work," said Father Angel. “ 25 . People with nothing can come and eat in the restaurant and get the same treatment as everyone else. It's just common sense." A. By day, the Robin Hood restaurant, which sits on a side street near the center of Madrid,is a typical Spanish bar. B. So we thought, why not open a restaurant with tablecloths, proper cutlery and waiters? C. They plan to extend the scheme and hopes it will attract famous chefs to come to cook. D. It was the first time that he had been asked such a question. E.The homeless are treated with respect at the restaurant. F.Antonio found himself facing a welcome dilemma. G.Its aim, however, is a little ambitious. 【答案】21. F 22. D 23. A 24. G 25. B 【解析】本文为一篇记叙文。文章记叙了安东尼奥在一家利用付费客户的早餐和午餐收入为无家可 归者提供免费晚餐的慈善餐厅用餐的故事。 【21 题详解】结合后文Antonio, who had already finished a plate of pasta,a Fish Stew and a slice of cake, couldn't answer it right away. The question might be common for most diners, but for him, it was entirely novel because he was homeless and was having the meal for free. 安东尼奥已经吃完一盘意大利面、一份炖鱼和一块蛋糕，他不能马上回答。这个问题对大多数用餐者来说可能很常见，但对他来说，这完全是个新奇的问 题，因为他无家可归，而且是免费用餐。安东尼奥正在面临着已经吃饱了，可是如果走了又无家可归的两 难境地。F. Antonio found himself facing a welcome dilemma. 安东尼奥发现自己面临一个受欢迎的两难境 地。符合此处语境。故选F项。 【22 题详解】结合前文“Do you need a second helping of pudding?" a waitress asked. “你需要再来一份 布丁吗？”一位女服务员问道。及后文He had no preparation for it. 他没有准备。D. It was the first time that he had been asked such a question. 这是第一次有人问他这样的问题。与前文问题相照应，也与后文“没有 准备好回答”相对应。故选D项。 【23 题详解】结合后文But at night, it transforms itself into a pioneering place where homeless people such as Antonio can dine free of charge, at tables set with flowers, metal cutlery（餐具）and proper glasses. 但到 了晚上，它就变成了一个开拓性的地方，像安东尼奥这样的无家可归者可以在摆满鲜花、金属餐具和玻璃 杯的桌子上免费用餐。结合连词but可知，此处应该为描述与后文晚上相反的白天的酒店状态。A. By day, the Robin Hood restaurant, which sits on a side street near the center of Madrid,is a typical Spanish bar. 白天，罗 宾汉餐厅坐落在马德里市中心附近的一条小街上，是一家典型的西班牙酒吧。与后文形成转折。故选A 项。 【24 题详解】结合前文Its business model – using breakfast and lunch takings from paying customers to fund free evening meals for the homeless - is simple enough. 它的商业模式非常简单，利用付费客户的早餐和 午餐收入为无家可归者提供免费晚餐。G. Its aim, however, is a little ambitious.它的目标有些雄心勃勃。早餐 和午餐收入是远不及晚餐的，因此用早餐和午餐的收入为无家可归者提供免费晚餐有些雄心勃勃。故选 G 项。 【25 题详解】结合后文People with nothing can come and eat in the restaurant and get the same treatment as everyone else. 没有任何东西的人可以来餐馆吃饭，得到和其他人一样的待遇。B. So we thought, why not open a restaurant with tablecloths, proper cutlery and waiters? 所以我们想，为什么不开一家有桌布、餐具和服 务员的餐厅呢？此处的开餐馆与后文的来餐馆吃饭相对应。故选B项。 6 About 43 years ago, spotted an advertisement in the paper for the YMCA wilderness program. 26 . My first experience was a boat trip. I still have the images of sunrises and sunsets with all the beautiful colours on Lake of the Woods.27 . Even now I can feel the cold water dripping down my arm as we sat in the boat pulling the paddles awkwardly through running water. It was my first experience in a boat and my arms became tired after many hours of paddling. We stopped for lunch in the boat by gathering all the boats together. 28 . At night it was time to camp at our site picked out by our guide. There we learned to start campfires and cook some of our meals. This is where fell in love with noodles. 29 . We cleaned up our mess and put up our tents and slept on the ground. We learned to carry the heavy packs to our next destination. I developed a sense of accomplishment and had arm muscles after that trip. There were no phones, makeup, hair dryers... just us and the bush. We came from different backgrounds with different personalities and we all had to work together as a group. 30 . . I kept a journal from that second trip and often go back to it. A. They dropped us off in the bush. B. I had to experience more of the wilderness. C. I was 15 and wanted to do something different. D. Our guide handed out chocolate, cheese, and dried meat. E.I liked the boat trip so much that I joined the survival trip the next year. F.It was wonderful sharing simple meals over the fire and talking with new friends. G.As a teenager, didn’t know that I was having the best adventure a teenager could have. 【答案】26. C 27. G 28. D 29. F 30. E 【解析】本文是记叙文。讲述了大约43年前，作者在报纸上看到一则关于基督教青年会的野外活动 广告后参加的划船活动。 【26. 题详解】根据空格前 About 43 years ago, spotted an advertisement in the paper for the YMCA wilderness program. 作者在43年前看到一则关于基督教青年会的野外生存广告。以及 My first experience was a boat trip.我的第一次经历是海上旅行。可以推断出，作者当时 15岁，想要做一些不同的事情。故选 C。 【27. 题详解】根据空格后Even now I can feel the cold water dripping down my arm as we sat in the boat pulling the paddles awkwardly through running water.现在当时的感受还历历在目，但是作者当时是个青少 年，不知道自己当时正在体验对青少年来说最好的奇遇。故选G。 【28. 题详解】根据空格前We stopped for lunch in the boat by gathering all the boats together.我们所有 小船停下来，聚在一起吃午饭，接下来导游要分发食物。导游发给大家巧克力，奶酪和肉。故选D。【29. 题详解】根据空格前. There we learned to start campfires and cook some of our meals. This is where fell in love with noodles.我们学会了生火，煮饭。盯着自己煮的饭和朋友聊聊天这种体验很棒。故选F。 【30. 题详解】根据空格后I kept a journal from that second trip and often go back to it.得知作者第一次 体验感觉很棒，他又开始了第二年的生存旅行。故选E。