文档内容
Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land
目标导航
重点词汇 阅读单词
1．craft n．手艺；工艺；技艺
2．scenery n．风景；景色
3．spectacular adj.壮观的；壮丽的；惊人的 n．壮丽的场面；精彩的表演
4．mall n．(also shopping mall)购物商场；购物广场
5．prairie n．北美草原
6．harbour (especially US harbor) n．(海)港；港口
7．enrol (especially US enroll) vi.& vt.(使)加入；注册；登记
8．quarry n．采石场
9．dusk n．黄昏；傍晚
10．bay n．(海或湖的)湾
11．literally adv.字面上；真正地
12．peak n．顶峰；山峰；尖形
13．goat n．山羊
14．grizzly bear n．灰熊
15．drill vi.& vt.钻(孔)；打(眼) n．钻(头)；训练；演习
16．frost n．霜；严寒天气；霜冻 vt.使蒙上霜 vi.结霜
17．duration n．持续时间；期间
18．proceed vi.行进；继续做
19．steel n．钢；钢铁工业
20．cobblestone adj.铺有鹅卵石的
21．coherent adj.有条理的；清楚易懂的
重点单词
1．airline n．航空公司
2．antique n．古物；古董 adj.古老的；古董的
3．arise vi.(arose，arisen)起身；出现；由……引起
4．bound adj.准备前往(某地)；一定会
5．awesome adj.令人惊叹的；可怕的；很好的
6．highlight n．最好或最精彩的部分 vt.突出；强调；使醒目
7．anticipate vt.预料；预见；期望
8．bunch n．束；串；捆
9．thunder vi.打雷；轰隆隆地响；轰隆隆地快速移动 n．雷声；轰隆声10．curtain n．窗帘
11．border n．国界；边界(地区)
12．idiom n．习语；成语
13．contrary adj.相反的；相对立的 n．相反的事实(或事情)
14．anyhow adv.(结束交谈或转换话题时)不过；反正
15．alongside prep.在……旁边；与……一起 adv.在旁边
16．shore n．岸；滨
17．accent n．口音
18．owe vt.欠(账、债、情等)
19．toast n．烤面包片；吐司；干杯 vt.为……干杯 vi.烤(尤指面包)
词汇拓展 1．pleasant adj.令人愉快的；友好的→please vt.(使)高兴；(使)满意→pleased adj.高兴的；
满意的→pleasing adj.令人愉快的→pleasure n．快乐；乐趣
2．massive adj.巨大的；非常严重的→mass n．团；堆；许多；大量
3．breath n．呼吸的空气→breathe v．呼吸
4．freeze vi.& vt.(froze，frozen) 结冰；(使)冻住→freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的→frozen
adj.结冰的；冻僵的；冷冻的
5．astonish vt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊→astonishing adj.惊人的；令人惊讶的→astonished adj.
感到惊讶的→astonishment n．惊讶
6．mist n．薄雾；水汽→misty adj.多雾的；模糊的
7．advertisement n．(informal ad)广告；启事→advertise vi.& vt.(为……)做广告/宣传；征聘
8．photographer n．摄影师；拍照者→photograph n．照片 vi.& vt.(为……)拍照
→photography n．摄影；摄影术
重点词组 1．take sb.’s breath away令人惊叹
2．a bunch of一束；一串；一群；大量
3．contrary to相反的；相对立的
4．proceed to sth.进而做(参加)
5．owe sth.to sb.欠(某人情)；把……归功于某人
重点句型 1．Rather than travel by commercial airline all the way，they decided to fly to Vancouver and
then take the train.
没有选择一路坐商务航班旅行，她们决定先飞往温哥华，然后乘坐火车。
2．Seen from the train window，the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.
从火车的窗户向外看，外面是连绵起伏的山脉和大片的森林。
3．Looking at the beautiful scenery，they both agreed that it was the most awesome journey
they had ever taken.
看着这美丽的风景，她们俩人一致认为，这是她们有生以来最棒的旅行。
4．Since it can be too cold to go outdoors，Edmonton is home to many shopping malls.因为天太冷不能去户外，埃德蒙顿成了许多购物广场的所在地。
5．It was not until 9：30 a．m.that they finally reached the capital of Ontario，Toronto.
直到上午9：30，她们才最终抵达安大略的省会多伦多。
知识精讲
知识点01 arise vi.(arose，arisen) 发生；出现；产生；起身，起立；(由……)引起
先练基础——一词多义
写出下列句子中arise的汉语意思
(1)It was freezing cold，so he arose from his seat and drew back the curtain.起身
(2)What astonished me was that more problems arose.出现
(3)As we all know，emotional problems can arise from a physical cause.( 由…… ) 引起
arise from/out of 由……引起
再提能力——完美写作·句式升级·背诵
(4)(普通表达)Some misunderstanding arose between me and my best friend.That made me quite upset.
①(高级表达)Some misunderstanding arose between me and my best friend，which made me quite upset.(用定语
从句改写)
②(高级表达)What made me quite upset was that some misunderstanding arose between me and my best friend.(用
what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句改写)
知识点2 contrary to相反的；相对立的
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)He seemed to dislike the antiques and crafts. the contrary，he was fond of them very much.
(2)Contrary his idea，I think the highlight of the music festival is the last song.
【答案】1.On 2.to
contrary adj.相反的；相对立的 n．相反的事实(或事
情)
on the contrary与此相反；恰恰相反
be contrary to与……相反/相违背
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)她补充说：“根本不费事，恰恰相反，很高兴能帮到你。”
“It’s no trouble at all； on the contrary ， it will be a great pleasure to help you ，” she added.
(4)最终结果与我们的预期正相反，因此我们正在考虑下一步该做什么。The final results are contrary to our expectations，and therefore we are considering what to do next.
知识点3 astonish vt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)To my (astonish)，he ranked first in the competition.
(2)The photographer was at the question in his own mind.(astonish)
【答案】1.astonishment2.astonished ，astonishing
•astonished adj.感到惊讶的(指人的主观感
受)
astonishing adj.令人惊讶的
•be astonished at/by sth.因某事感到惊讶
be astonished to do sth.对做某事感到惊讶
•astonishment n．惊讶
in astonishment吃惊地
to one’s astonishment让某人惊讶的是
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)我们惊奇地张大了嘴。
Our mouths dropped open in .
(4)我们非常吃惊地得知他们最初的尝试失败了。
We that their initial attempts failed.
【答案】3.in astonishment4.were quite astonished to learn
知识点4 owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于；归因于
先练基础——一词多义
写出下列句子中owe的汉语意思
(1)I anticipated that he must owe his boss a lot of money.欠钱
(2)He owes his good health to his regular workout.把……归功于
•owe sb.sth./owe sth.to sb.欠某人某物
owe sth.to sb./sth.把某事归功于某人/某事
owe it to sb.that/to do...把……归功于某人
•owing to因为，由于
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子/一句多译·背诵
(3)周五下午我未能和你一起去书店，我得向你道歉。(应用文之道歉信)
I owe you an apology for not going to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon.
(4)我把在英语学习方面取得的巨大进步归功于您。①I owe my great progress in English learning to you.
②I owe it to you that I have made great progress in English learning.(it作形式宾语)
知识点5 too...to...
Since it can be too cold to go outdoors，Edmonton is home to many shopping malls.
因为天太冷不能去户外，埃德蒙顿成了许多购物广场的所在地。
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)From my point of view，Jane was too young proceed with the next job.
(2)It is generally believed that you can’t be careful when crossing the street.
(3)He was eager to know the result of the examination.
【答案】1.to 2.too 3.too
•too＋adj./adv.(for sb.)＋to do sth.表示否定的意义，“太……而不能”。
•当too...to...用来修饰表达人的态度、情绪倾向的形容词，如 anxious，eager，glad，
happy，pleased，ready，willing等时，不定式表示肯定意义，意为“非常”。
•can’t/can never...too...再怎么……也不过分。
再提能力——完美写作·语段填空·背诵
(4)我非常高兴地得知您对长城感兴趣。长城太壮观而不容错过。正如一句老话所说：“不到长城非好
汉。” 因此，我怎么强调爬长城的意义都不过分。(传统文化之长城)
I am too pleased to learn that you are keen on the Great Wall.The Great Wall is too spectacular to miss.Just as an
old saying goes，“He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.” So I can’t stress the significance of
climbing the Great Wall too much.
语法精讲
过去分词作表语和状语
[观察例句]
1．The girls were amazed to see such an open country.
2．Do you feel frightened when going into the wilderness alone?
3．Seen from the top of the mountain，the scenery was really fascinating.
4．Finally，the company—headed by its new manager—started to make a profit.
[归纳用法]
1．例句1中的amazed和例句2中的frightened为过去分词作表语。
2．例句3中的Seen和例句4中的headed为过去分词作状语，过去分词与其逻辑主语之间是被动关
系，往往含有完成的意思。
一、过去分词作表语
1．意义位于系动词(如be，get，become，look，feel，seem等)之后，多表示主语的状态或状况，它所体现的
是形容词的特性。
She looked disappointed.
她看上去很失望。
We were encouraged at the news.
听到这个消息我们很受鼓舞。
2．过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别
过去分词作表语时，强调主语所处的状态，而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作。
The cup is broken.
杯子碎了。(系表结构)
The cup was broken by Tom.
杯子是被汤姆打碎的。(被动语态)
3．现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别
过去分词 表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态，常译作“感到……的”
现在分词 表示事物具有的特性，常译作“令人……的”
They became so worried that they stayed awake all night.
他们变得如此担心，以至于一整晚都没有睡觉。
The situation became so worrying that something should be done at once.
形势变得令人担忧，应该立刻采取措施。
[即学即练1] 用所给动词的正确形式填空
①I was too (tire) to walk any further.
②When he heard the story，he was deeply ．(move)
③Tom was more (surprise) than (disappoint) at this news.
【答案】1.tired 2.moving ，moved3.surprised ，disappointed
二、过去分词(短语)作状语
1．意义
过去分词(短语)作状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，即动作发生时的背景或
状况，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且过去分词与主语之间为动宾关系。
2．过去分词(短语)作状语的句法功能和位置
(1) 过去分词(短语)表示被动，表示动作已经完成，其逻辑主语则为句子的主语。过去分词作状语时，
可单独使用，也可以在其前面加上适当的连词，可表示时间、条件、原因、让步、方式、伴随等。
When offered help，one often says “Thank you” or “It's kind of you”．(时间状语)
当被提供帮助的时候，人们常说“Thank you”或“It's kind of you”。
Given another chance，I will do it much better.(条件状语)如果再给我一次机会，我会干得更好。
Greatly inspired by what he did，I joined him in helping others.(原因状语)在他所做的事情的鼓励下，我
也加入了帮助他人的行列。
Visited many times，the place is still worth visiting again.(让步状语)虽然已参观了很多次，这个地方仍值得再来。
He has been preparing his paper all day long，locked in his study.(方式状语)
锁在书房里，他一整天都在准备论文。
The guest walked into the room，greeted by the host.(伴随状语)
客人一边和主人打招呼，一边走进了房间。
(2)过去分词(短语)在句中作状语时，既可放在句首，也可放在句尾，中间用逗号隔开。
Caught in a heavy rain，he was all wet.
因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。
He stood there silently，moved to tears.
＝Moved to tears，he stood there silently.
他静静地站在那里，感动得热泪盈眶。
[即学即练2] 写出下列句中黑体部分分别作什么状语
①Clearly and thoughtfully written，the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own
answers.
原因状语
②Time，used correctly，is money in the bank.
条件状语
③If asked to look after luggage for someone else，inform the police at once.
条件状语
④Seated at the table，my father and I were talking about my job.
方式状语
⑤When (you are) given a medical examination，you should keep calm.
时间状语
3．过去分词(短语)作状语的几种情况
(1)过去分词在句中作时间、条件、原因、让步状语时，相当于对应的时间、条件、原因及让步状语从
句。
Seen from the top of the mountain(＝When it is seen from the top of the mountain)，the whole town looks
more beautiful.从山顶上看，整个城市看起来更美了。
Encouraged by the progress he has made(＝As he is encouraged by the progress he has made)，he works
harder.
由于受到所取得成绩的鼓舞，他工作更努力了。
(2)过去分词在句中作伴随、方式等状语时，可改为句子的并列谓语或改为并列分句。
The teacher came into the room，followed by two students(＝and was followed by two students)．
后面跟着两个学生，老师走进了房间。
He spent the whole afternoon，locked in his study(＝and was locked in his study)．
他把自己锁在书房里度过了一整个下午。
(3)过去分词作状语可与与之对应的状语从句互换。而从句改成过去分词作状语时有时还可保留连词，构成“连词＋过去分词”结构作状语。
Even if I am invited(＝Even if invited)，I will not take part in the party.
即使被邀请，我也不会参加那个宴会。
Unless you are asked to speak(＝Unless asked to speak)，you should remain silent at the meeting.
除非被要求说话，在会上你应该保持沉默。
(4)过去分词(短语)作状语时，过去分词(短语)的逻辑主语通常是句子的主语，否则，分词(短语)前应加
上自己的主语。这种带有自身主语的过去分词(短语)被称为过去分词(短语)的独立主格结构。过去分词(短
语)的独立主格结构通常在句中作状语，可表示时间、原因、条件等。
The test finished，we began our holiday.
考试结束了，我们开始放假了。
More time given，we could have done it much better.
如果给我们更多的时间，我们会做得更好。
[即学即练3] 句型转换
①When they were asked who had broken the vase，the children all kept silent.
→ ，the children all kept silent.
②If we are united，we will make our life better.
→ ，we will make our life better.
③Although we were exhausted by the hard work，we went on with it.
→ ，we went on with it.
【答案】1.When asked who had broken the vase
2.If united3.Exhausted by the hard work
4．现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别
现在分词与过去分词作状语的最主要的区别在于两者与其逻辑主语的主动与被动关系。
(1)现在分词作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语发出的动作，它们之间是主动关系。现在分词动
作与谓语动作同时发生用一般式doing；如果现在分词的动作发生在谓语动作之前，表示已经完成，表示
主动就用having done，表示被动就用having been done。
Walking along the street，I met a friend of mine.
沿着大街走时，我碰到了我的一个朋友。
Having finished their work，they went home to have a rest.完成工作后，他们回家休息一下。
(2) 过去分词作状语时，过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的关系是被动关系。
Given more attention，the tree could have grown better.如果给予更多的关注，小树本来能够长得更好一
些。
Grown in rich soil，these seeds can grow fast.
如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。
[即学即练4] 单句语法填空
① (impress) by the beautiful scenery，I forgot to go back home in time.
② (look) out of the window，I found many children playing on the playground.【答案】1.Impressed 2.Looking
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Both he and I are (satisfy) with the result.
2．The news was (excite) and they were all (excite) at it.
3．We all felt (encourage) at the (encourage) news.
4．When (face) with difficulties，we must try to overcome them.
5．If (give) better attention，the serious accident could have been avoided.
6．The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment， (allow) more patients to be treated.
7． (found) in the early 20th century，the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art.
8．Much time (spend) sitting at a desk，office workers are generally troubled by health problems.
9． (absorb) in painting，John didn't notice evening approaching.
10． (raise)in the poorest area of Glasgow，he had a long，hard road to becoming a football star.
【答案】1.satisfied 2.exciting 3.encouraged ，encouraging4.faced 5.given 6.allowing 7.Founded 8.spent
9.Absorbed 10.Raised
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．我对试验结果很满意。
I the result of the experiment.
2．门仍然锁着。
The door ．
3．我希望我们更多地参与到社区中来，我们的生活将变得丰富多彩。
I hope our community and our life will be colorful.
4．从山顶看，我们会有一个更好的视野。
the top of the hill.We will have a better view.
5．因为沉溺于思考之中，所以他没听到那个声音。
，he didn't hear the sound.
6．因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。
，this article was not so good.
7．当被问到有关他的家庭情况时，他没有回答。
，he made no answer.
8．由于伤得很严重，只好把他送往医院。
，he had to be taken to hospital.
9．即使被很多人嘲笑，他仍然继续他的研究。
，he still continued his research.
10．尽管被警告过有暴风雨，农民们仍然在田地里劳作。
，the farmers were still working in the fields.
【 答 案 】 1.am pleased with2.remained locked3.we can get more involved in4.Seen from5.Lost in deepthought6.Written in a hurry7.When asked about his family8.Seriously injured9.Laughed at by many
people10.Warned of the storm
写作园地
有关旅行的电子邮件
电子邮件(electronic mail，常缩写为Email，email或email)指通过互联网传递的邮件，即用户之间通过
互联网发出或收到的信息，是目前互联网上应用最广泛的一种服务。
[基本框架]
电子邮件的正文部分通常由称呼、正文、结束语及署名四部分构成。
1．称呼。一般在收件人姓氏前加上Dear。
2．正文。正文是邮件的主体部分，是写信人要谈论或陈述的内容。正文内容要求简洁达意，层次分
明。
3．结束语。常见的结束语有：I am looking forward to your reply/answer.With best regards.I wish you
good luck/every success in...等。有时这部分也可省略。
4．署名。写在正文右下角的位置。
[常用词块]
1．all the way一路上
2．broaden a person's perspective开阔人的视野
3．come into contact with different cultures接触不同的文化
4．make your knowledge and experience rich丰富你的知识和经验
5．experience many new things体验许多新事物
6．be greatly impressed by its beautiful view它的美丽景色给我留下了深刻的印象
7．care about the environment爱护环境
8．have a bird'seye view of the city鸟瞰这个城市
9．enjoy a pleasant journey旅途愉快
10．open to the public向公众开放
[常用语句]
1．常用的开头语
①表示高兴
I am so glad/pleased/happy to receive your email.
我很高兴收到你的电子邮件。
②表示感谢
Thank you for your wonderful gift/interesting email.
谢谢你的礼物/有趣的电子邮件。
③表示关心与询问
How are you doing these days?
你最近怎么样？How are you getting on these days?
你这几天过得怎么样？
How are you getting on with your work/study?
你的工作/学习进展如何？
④表示抱歉
I am sorry that I did not write to you soon but I have been very busy these days.
很抱歉，我没有尽快给你写信，但我最近很忙。
⑤表示遗憾
I am sorry to learn that you did not pass the examination.
听说你考试不及格，我很遗憾。
I am so upset to hear that you are ill these days.I do hope you are feeling better.
听说你这几天生病了，我很难过。我真希望你感觉好些。
2．常用的结束语
I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.
我期待着很快收到你的来信。
Please give your family my regards.
请代我问候你的家人。
Take good care of yourself and keep in touch.
照顾好自己，保持联系。
假如你是李华，你的朋友Tom 5月22日来信询问你毕业前的一次旅游经历。请你根据下面提示给他回
一封80词左右的电子邮件。
1．由学生会组织。
2．一部分人愿意乘公交车；另一部分人喜欢步行；最后大家被说服骑自行车。
3．美丽的风景让人难以忘怀。
4．感受：这次旅游增进了友谊，提高了关心自然环境的意识。
注意：1.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Tom，
How happy I am to receive your letter.
Best wishes.
Yours，
Li Hua
[参考范文]Dear Tom,
How happy I am to receive your letter.Now I will tell you something about the trip organized by our Students'
Union.Some of us preferred to take a bus while others were fond of walking，and finally we were persuaded to
cycle.
When we got there，we were greatly impressed by its beautiful view.All kinds of butterflies were flying freely
in the valley，the entire mountain was covered with beautiful flowers，and the air there was pleasant to breathe；
as a result，we couldn't wait to walk into nature.
Though we were tired，it was the trip that improved our friendship and raised our awareness to care about the
environment.
Best wishes.
Yours ，
Li Hua
分层提分
题组A 基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)(每小题1分，共8分)
1．The old man took a deep and began to climb the stairs again.
2．During the first month in high school，many problems (出现) in his study.
3．Judging from your ，you come from the West，if I’m not mistaken.
4． to my expectation，the boy didn’t like the coat I bought for him.
5．If you’re truly concerned，you’ll know when your neighbor needs some cheering up—a of
flowers or a helping hand when it’s needed.
6．The early settlers (归因于) their survival to hard work and determination to succeed.
7．Her decision to cancel the concert is (一定会) to disappoint her fans.
8．The weekend in Venice was definitely the (最精彩的部分) of our trip.
【答案】1.breath 2.arose3.accent4.Contrary 5.bunch 6.owed7.bound8.highlight
Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)(每小题2分，共14分)
9．To my ，they weren’t at the news，so I looked at them in
astonishment.(astonish)
10．The atmosphere in the room greatly me，which brought me much
.(please)
11．I hold my ，because the air is terrible to .(breath)
12．The has many famous film stars.(photograph)
13．Today is cold and thus the lake has over.(freeze)
14．I must put an in a newspaper to my new shop.(advertise)15．On a misty day，we could only see the outline of the house through the .(mist)
【答案】9.astonishment，astonished ，astonishing 10.pleasant ，pleased 11.breath，breathe12.photographer
，photographed 13.freezing ，frozen 14.advertisement ，advertise 15.misty ，mist
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题5分，共25分)
16．她不遗余力地实现她的目标，而不是放弃。(rather than)
，she spared no effort to achieve her goal.
17．被恐惧包围，杰姆陷入绝望，睡着了。(过去分词短语作状语)
，Jame abandoned himself to despair and fell asleep.
18．简使劲向直升机挥舞着她的黄色衬衣，大声呼救。
Jane waved her yellow blouse madly to the helicopter， .
19．迈克吓呆了，害怕得一动不动。(too...to...)
Mike froze with terror， .
20．直到那时她才意识到她是多么依恋她的丈夫。(not until的强调句型)
she realized how much she was attached to her husband.
【答案】16.Rather than give up17.Surrounded by fear18.crying for help19.too scared to move an inch20.It was
not until then that
题组B 能力提升练
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子
为本单元的语法项目：过去分词和动词-ing形式)
A photographer was enrolled in a winter camp and on a freezing cold day，he boarded the train
1. for a harbor city. The anticipated arrival time was six in the evening .Drawing back the
curtain ， he was astonished to see misty clouds floating on the peak of a massive mountain .Contrary to his
initial belief，what he considered boring on the train proved to be one of the 2. of the awesome
trip.With the train thundering on，he reached the destination at dusk.Spectacular scenery and pleasant fresh
air
3. took his breath away.Tall buildings of glass and steel 4. everywhere.He was
attracted by the exceptional advertisement in the shopping mall， selling crafts ， antiques and bunches of
flowers.Feeling a little hungry，he bought a piece of 5. in the supermarket alongside the street，
where he chatted with people with different accents.Anyhow，he 6. his happiness to the winter
camp.The next evening，he would proceed to the next stop.
【答案】1.bound 2.highlights 3.literally 4.arose 5.toast 6.owed
题组C 培优拔尖练
A
Check out some fun weekend activities from our friends at Arizona Parenting.
Walk in the Wild：Walk or run for wildlife at the Phoenix Zoo’s Walk in the Wild 2016.Put on your favoriteanimal dress and take part in the one mile or 5K，enjoying the sights and sounds of the Zoo.Walk in the Wild
includes a morning full of unique activities you won’t find at any other valley walk ，including all-day zoo
admission and a lakeside after-party.
Register online.6－10 a．m.Phoenix Zoo,455 North Galvin Parkway，Phoenix.602－286－3800.
Free Museum Day：It is hosted by Sesame Street and HBO at the Children’s Museum of Phoenix.Kids can
participate in activities，enjoy a performance by the Sesame Street Muppets and get to join the Everyday Heroes
Club.An act of kindness is all it takes to become a member.Performances and activities will take place at 10：30－
11：30 a．m.and 1：30－2：30 p．m.
9 a．m.－4 p．m.Children’s Museum of Phoenix,215 N．7th Street，Phoenix.602－253－0501.
Sunday A’Fair：Sunday A’Fair features free outdoor concerts in Scottsdale Civic Center Park by top Arizona
musicians，along with an arts-and-crafts market，fun activities for children and families，guided tours of the
sculptures in the park and free admission to Scottsdale Museum of Contemporary Art(SMoCA)．Guests are invited
to bring blankets，lawn chairs or picnic baskets，and enjoy a relaxing afternoon of great entertainment.Delicious
foods，snacks，beer，wine and soft drinks are also available for purchase.
12－4 p．m.Scottsdale Center for the Performing Arts,7380 E ．2nd St.，Scottsdale.480－994－
ARTS(2787)．
语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一本杂志提供的几项有趣的周末活动。
1．What can children do at Walk in the Wild?
A．Join in the 5-mile walk. B．Attend courses for free.
C．Wear animal-shaped clothes. D．Enjoy good company of wild animals.
C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Put on your favorite animal dress and take part in the one mile or
5K，enjoying the sights and sounds of the Zoo.”可知，在Walk in the Wild活动中，孩子们可以穿上他们最喜
欢的动物造型的衣服。故选C项。
2．What qualification is needed to join the Everyday Heroes Club?
A．Do a good deed. B．Donate money to the club.
C．Be active in school activities. D．Be ready to help protect wildlife.
A【解析】细节理解题。根据Free Museum Day中的“An act of kindness is all it takes to become a member.”
可知，一个小小的善举就可以成为Everyday Heroes Club的会员。故选A项。
3．Where can one go to buy some works of art?
A．The Phoenix Zoo. B．Scottsdale Civic Center Park.
C．The Children’s Museum of Phoenix. D．Scottsdale Museum of Contemporary Art.
B【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“in Scottsdale Civic Center Park by top Arizona musicians，
along with an arts-and-crafts market”可知，Scottsdale Civic Center Park有艺术品市场，在这里可以买到艺术
品，故选B项。
B
It was a very hot day in late summer.I was a young dad working in a local wood mill.It was dangerous，back-breaking work that paid very little.In the year I had worked there only four other people hadn’t quit and been
replaced with new faces.Those of us who stayed did so only because there was no other work to find to support our
families.
On this day the fans weren’t working and all of us were covered in sweat and sawdust.When I looked
around，every face I saw looked angry and frustrated.Suddenly，a voice called out，“Hey! There’s a deer in
here.” A lost little doe had wandered through the open loading bay doors and was now cowering(蜷缩) in between
the huge stacks of wood.All of us stopped working and went looking for her as she ran about looking for a way out.
Now most people where I live hunt deer for meat in the fall，but also treat them with great kindness the rest of
the year.Many will even buy 50lb bags of corn to help feed them during the harsh winter months.It was no surprise
then that all of us were soon quickly working together to free this little doe.By blocking off all the other routes we
were able to guide her panic search back to the open bay doors.We watched as she jumped out of the building and
back into the woods.Then we walked back in to work.I noticed something，though.On every face there was a
joyful smile.It was as if this one single act of kindness had energized us again and reminded us of what life was all
about.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和同事一起在木场帮助一只迷路的小鹿返回森林的故事。
4．Why were few people willing to work in the wood mill?
A．They wanted more freedom. B．They didn’t like the boss.
C．The pay and conditions were bad. D．They wanted more pleasure.
C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It was dangerous，back-breaking work that paid very little.”可知，
工作环境恶劣，工资低是木场留不住人的关键。故选C项。
5．What can be inferred from Paragraph 2?
A．The workers often saw a deer there. B．The deer was a light to the dull work.
C．The deer was trapped in a big well. D．All the workers wanted to catch the deer.
B【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，工人们工作得非常辛苦，但是当听到有小鹿迷路的时候，
大家停下手中的工作，开始帮助它。由此可推知，对于工人们来说，这只鹿像是一束光，给他们无聊的工
作带来了乐趣。故选B项。
6．How did the men free the deer in the end?
A．By opening one route. B．By dropping some food.
C．By using familiar signals. D．By imitating another deer.
A【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“By blocking off all the other routes we were able to guide her
panic search back to the open bay doors.”可知，通过堵住其他路线，只留下小鹿可以逃走的门，小鹿得以返
回森林。故选A项。
7．Which of the following best describes the workers?
A．Bad-tempered but patient. B．Hard-working and loving.
C．Cautious and courageous. D．Bad-tempered and demanding.
B【解析】推理判断题。阅读全文可知，文章一开始提到这里工作艰苦工资又低，但是他们坚持留了下来。最后当小鹿有麻烦时，他们能帮助小鹿返回森林。综合分析，文章充分说明了工人们工作努力，且有
爱心。故选B项。
C
“While animals can’t pick out precise numbers，they can understand that more is more.Interestingly，we
know now that numerical(数字的) competence is present on almost every branch of the animal tree of life，”
says Andreas Nieder，a neurobiologist from the University of Tuebingen.“Different groups of animals obviously
developed this trait(特点) independently from others and that strongly indicates that it has to be of adaptive value.”
Honeybees，for instance，can remember the number of landmarks they pass when searching for food in order
to find their way back to the hive.The last common ancestor between honeybees and primates lived about 600
million years ago.But still，they evolved numerical competence that，in many respects，is comparable to
vertebrate(脊椎动物的) numerical competence.Also，for example，male frogs sing “advertisement” calls to
attract females.The females，listening for the complexity of their calls，choose the male that sings the most calls.
Wolves are more likely to hunt successfully if they have the right number of wolves in their pack for the size
of their prey(猎物)：With prey like deer，only around six to eight wolves are needed，while hunting wild ox
requires a pack of nine to thirteen.Their prey also uses this concept to protect themselves from predators—deer tend
to live in large herds to reduce the chance of any individual becoming prey.So obviously they are assessing the
number of individuals in their groups for their everyday life situations.
Despite these many examples of numerical competence in animals，this subject has not gotten many first-
hand studies.“Many of these behavioral findings in the wild have usually been collected as by-products or
accidental findings of other research questions，” says Nieder.He argues that more research needs to be done to
fully understand the numerical competence.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了最近的一项研究表明，动物不仅具有理解数
字的能力，而且这一能力还对它们的日常生活有着巨大的影响。
8．The phenomenon of animals having their own numerical competence shows that .
A．all groups of animals are related in some ways
B．numerical competence must have a survival benefit
C．the intelligence of animals varies with different environments
D．animals’ numerical competence is determined by their adaptability
B【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Different groups of animals obviously developed this trait(特
点)independently from others and that strongly indicates that it has to be of adaptive value.”以及第二段的例子可
推知，动物具有数字能力是为了生存需要。故选B。
9．What role does numerical competence play in wolves’ hunting?
A．It helps them form hunting groups. B．It gives them more options to hunt.
C．It makes them discover more prey. D．It offers them new skills to hunt.
A【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Wolves are more likely to hunt successfully if they have the right
number of wolves in their pack for the size of their prey(猎物)．..”可知，如果狼群中狼的数量与猎物的大小相符，狼更有可能成功捕食，由此可知，在狼的狩猎中数字能力能帮助它们形成狩猎群体。故选A。
10．How does the author mainly develop this text?
A．By listing figures. B．By asking questions.
C．By giving examples. D．By making comparisons.
C【解析】篇章结构题。根据第二段中的“Honeybees，for instance...”“Also，for example，male frogs sing
‘advertisement’ calls to attract females.”和第三段中的“Wolves are more...deer tend to live in large herds...”可
知，作者是通过列举honeybees，frogs，wolves，deer这些例子来阐明文章的。故选C。
11．From which is the text probably taken?
A．A biology textbook. B．A health magazine.
C．A travel brochure. D．A research paper.
D【解析】文章出处题。阅读文章，并根据最后一段中的“Despite these many examples of numerical
competence in animals，this subject has not gotten many first-hand studies.”可知，本文讲述了最近的一项研究
表明，动物不仅具有理解数字的能力，而且这一能力还对它们的日常生活有着巨大的影响，所以本文应该
选自一篇研究论文。故选D。
