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Unit 1 Art
目标导航
重点词汇 阅读单词
1．Christianity n．基督教
2．realism n．逼真；现实主义；务实作风
3．realist n．现实主义画家(或作家等)；现实主义者
4．two-dimensional adj.二维的
5．humanistic adj.人文主义的
6．humanity n．人性；人道；(统称)人类
7．mythology n．神话；虚幻的想法
8．photography n．照相术；摄影
9．sunrise n．日出
10．outer adj.外表的；外边的；外围的
11．fine art (also fine arts)美术(尤其绘画和雕塑)
12．sculptor n．雕刻家；雕塑家
13．water lily n．睡莲
14．arched adj.拱形的；弓形的
15．humble adj.谦逊的；虚心的；卑微的
16．ink n．墨水；墨汁；油墨
17．animation n．(电脑、录像)动画制作；动画片
18．frame n．画面；框架 vt.给……镶框；制订
19．bronze n．青铜；深红褐色 adj.青铜色的；深红褐色的
20．ceramic n．陶瓷制品；制陶艺术
21．vase n．花瓶；装饰瓶
22．artistic adj.艺术的；艺术家的
23．Buddhist adj.佛教的n.佛教徒
24．Buddhism n．佛教
重点单词
1．realistic adj.现实的；逼真的
2．primitive adj.发展水平低的；原始的；远古的
3．dimension n．维；规模；范围
4．breakthrough n．重大进展；突破
5．reputation n．名誉；名声
6．noble n．贵族成员；出身高贵的人 adj.崇高的；宏伟的；高贵的7．rank n．地位；级别；行列 vt.& vi.把……分等级；使排成行
8．purchase vt.购买；采购 n．购买；购买的东西
9．client n．委托人；当事人；客户
10．emerge vi.& vt.出现；浮现；暴露
11．convey vt.表达；传递(思想、感情等)；传送
12．subjective adj.主观的
13．subsequent adj.随后的；后来的；之后的
14．fond adj.喜爱
15．sculpture n．雕像；雕刻品；雕刻术
16．visual adj.视觉的；视力的
17．pond n．池塘；水池
18．arch vt.& vi.呈弧形横跨；(使)成弓形n.拱；拱形结构；拱门
19．bride n．新娘
20．permanent adj.永久的；永恒的；长久的
21．symphony n．交响乐；交响曲
22．decline n．(数量、价格、质量等的)减少；下降；衰落 vi.& vt.减少；下降；衰落；衰
弱；谢绝
23．entry n．加入；进入；参与
24．civil adj.国民的；民用的；民事的
25．guarantee vt.保证；确保；肯定……必然发生 n．保证；保修单；担保物
26．contemporary adj.当代的；现代的；属同时期的 n．同代人；同辈人
词汇拓展 1．precise adj.准确的；精确的→precisely adv.准确地；精确地；的确如此
2．influential adj.有很大影响力的；有支配力的→influence n．& vt.影响
3．investment n．投资额；投资；(时间、精力的)投入→invest v．投资
4．memorial n．纪念碑(或像等)；纪念物；纪念品 adj.纪念的；悼念的→memory n．记忆
力；记忆→memorize vt.记住
5．criticise vi.& vt.批评；指责；评价→criticism n．批评；指责；评论→critic n．批评家
→critical adj.批判的；关键的
6．representative adj.典型的；有代表性的 n．代表→represent vt.代表；象征；描绘
7．exhibition n．展览；(技能、感情或行为的)表演→exhibit v．展示；陈列；展览
8．recognition n．承认；认出；赞誉→recognize vt.辨认出；承认；公认
9．expansion n．扩张；扩展；扩大→expand vt.扩展；扩大；(使)膨胀
重点词组 1．in particular尤其；特别
2．set apart from使与众不同；使突出；使优于……
3．be fond of喜爱；喜欢
4．bring...to life赋予……生命；使……鲜活起来5．be worthy of值得
重点句型 1．As there have been so many different styles of Western art，it is impossible to describe them
all in a short text.
因为西方艺术有那么多不同的类型，所以在一篇短文中全部进行描述是不可能的。
2 ． During the Middle Ages ， the purpose of Western art was to teach people about
Christianity.
在中世纪，西方艺术的目的是把基督教教给人们。
3 ． While his paintings still had religious themes ， they showed real people in a real
environment.
虽然他的绘画作品仍有宗教主题，但是它们展示了真实环境中真实的人。
4．Finally，most clients wanted paintings that were beautiful and interesting to look at.
最后，大多数客户想要既美丽又有趣的画。
5．Looking at the faces of the figures in these sculptures，one sees the faces of the past.
看着这些雕塑中人物的脸，人们能看到过去的面孔。
知识精讲
知识点01 influential adj.有很大影响力的；有支配力的
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)As a humble person，my words are not (influence)，so I would rather keep silent.
(2)To tell the truth，what the teacher said has a permanent influence me.
【答案】1.influential2.on/upon
influence n.& vt.影响
have an influence on/upon对……有影响
under the influence of在……的影响下
under one’s influence在某人的影响下
再提能力——完美写作·语段填空·背诵
(3)在我物理老师的影响下，我对物理越来越感兴趣。换句话说，我的物理老师是我的榜样，他对我的影响
极大。因此，他是我最尊敬的人。 (2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达)
Under my physics teacher’s influence，I have grown increasingly interested in physics.In other words，my
physics teacher is my role model，who has a great influence on me.So he is the person I respect most.
知识点2 rank n．地位；级别；行列
vt.& vi.把……分等级；使排列成行先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)They rank him a realistic painter，who has gained a good reputation.
(2)The student representative who is delivering a speech now (rank) high at school.
【答案】1.as 2.ranks
•the first rank一流的
•rank...as...把……评为……；把……分等级
rank high/first名列前茅/第一
再提能力——完美写作·句式升级·背诵
(3)(普通表达)I learnt that you ranked first in the English speech competition held last week.I am writing to offer
my sincere congratulations.(应用文之祝贺信)
(高级表达)Learning that you ranked first in the English speech competition held last week，I am writing to offer
my sincere congratulations.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
知识点3 guarantee vt.保证；确保；肯定……必然发生
n．保证；保修单；担保物
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)He guaranteed (convey) my apologies to him，but I was still worried.
(2)His car is less than a year old，so it is still guarantee.
【答案】1.to convey2.under
•guarantee sb.sth./guarantee sth.to sb.保证某人某事
guarantee to do sth./that...保证做某事；确保……
•under guarantee在保修期内
give sb.a guarantee that...向某人担保/保证……
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)至于准备工作，事先阅读一些中文小说会确保让你融入汉语的环境中。
As for preparation，reading some Chinese novels in advance will guarantee to make you adapt to the Chinese
language environment.
知识点4 worthy adj.值得……的；有价值的
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)As far as I am concerned，the exhibition is worthy (visit)．
＝The exhibition is worthy of (visit)．
＝The exhibition is worthy of a (visit)．
【答案】1.to be visited，being visited，visit
•be worthy of值得……be worthy to be done ＝be worthy of being done值得做某事
•be well worth doing非常值得做
•It is worthwhile doing/to do sth.做某事是值得的
再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(2)由BBC制作的精良电影《杜甫：中国最伟大的诗人》值得观看。
①A well-made film，Du Fu：China’s Greatest Poet，produced by BBC，is worthy of being seen.(be worthy
of)
②A well-made film，Du Fu：China’s Greatest Poet，produced by BBC，is worthy to be seen.(be worthy to)
③A well-made film，Du Fu：China’s Greatest Poet，produced by BBC，is worth seeing.(worth)
④It is worthwhile seeing/to see a well-made film，Du Fu：China’s Greatest Poet，produced by BBC.
(worthwhile)
知识点5 in particular尤其；特别
先练基础——一词多义
写出下列句子中particular的汉语意思
(1)I have nothing particular to purchase in the supermarket.尤其的；特别的
(2)The bride is particular about what to wear at the wedding.挑剔的
•particular adj.特定的；特别的；挑剔的
be particular about/over对……很讲究/挑剔
•particularly adv.特别；尤其
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子/一句多译·背诵
(3)父母和教练尤其要给孩子们树立更好的榜样。
Parents and coaches particularly/in particular should act as better examples for children.
(4)只有讲究饮食，我们才能预防自己生病。
①We can prevent ourselves from falling ill only when we are particular about/over food.
②Only when we are particular about/over food can we prevent ourselves from falling ill.(运用倒装句)
知识点6 bring...to life赋予……生命；使……鲜活起来
lead/live a...life过……的生活
all one’s life终生；一辈子
come to life苏醒过来；变得活跃(come alive)
根据句意用life短语的正确形式填空
(1)When the girl finally ，we sighed in relief.
(2)The match in the final minutes of the second half.(3)It was that teacher’s humor that the class .
(4)Although he is very wealthy，he still simple .
【答案】1. came to life2. came to life3.brought ，to life4.leads/lives a ，life
知识点7 while引导的从句
While his paintings still had religious themes，they showed real people in a real environment.
虽然他的绘画作品仍有宗教主题，但是它们展示了真实环境中真实的人。
先练基础——一词多义
写出下列句子中while的汉语意思
(1)My deskmate likes English while I am fond of Chinese.然而；而
(2)You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.当……时候
(3)While the sun’s rays can age and harm our skin，they also give beneficial Vitamin D．虽然
本句中的while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”。
while的其他用法：
•作从属连词还可引导时间状语从句，意为“在……期间，当……时”。
•作并列连词，表示“然而，而”。
•作名词，表示“一会儿，一段时间”。
注意：①while表示“虽然”时，不和连词but连用。
②while引导从句时，如果主从句的主语一致或从句主语为it，且从句谓语又含有be动词
时，则从句主语和be动词可省略。while后可直接跟现在分词、名词、形容词或介词短
语。
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子/一句多译·背诵
(4)正如古老谚语所说：“趁热打铁。”
As the old saying goes：“Strike while the iron is hot.”
(5)尽管我们不能预测未来会发生什么，我们可以用决心和爱指引自己。(读后续写之升华句)
While we can’t predict what will happen in the future，we can guide ourselves with determination and love.
(6)参观展览的时候，我们不仅可以欣赏民间艺术品，而且会学到很多东西。
①While we are visiting this exhibition，we will not only enjoy the folk art works but also learn a lot.
②While visiting this exhibition，we will not only enjoy the folk art works but also learn a lot.(状语从句的省略)
知识点8 主语＋be＋adj.＋to do
Finally，most clients wanted paintings that were beautiful and interesting to look at.
最后，大多数客户想要既美丽又有趣的画。
本句中含有句型“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”。
•特点：不定式用主动形式表示被动意义
•使用条件：使用此结构须具备两个前提条件：①不定式和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系；②常用形容词有：difficult，hard，easy，comfortable，pleasant，interesting，
exciting等。
注意：在该结构中，若不定式为不及物动词，其后应加上相应的介词。
能力提升——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(1)即使这个问题很难解决，我也没有放弃，因为我坚信“有志者事竟成”。
Even though the problem was difficult to solve，I didn’t give it up because I firmly believed that “Where there is a
will，there is a way.”
(2)我听说这个人很小气，而且很难相处。
I hear that the man is very mean and difficult to get along/on with.
语法精讲
不定式作表语
【观察例句】
1．Perhaps the best way to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the
centuries.
2．During the Middle Ages，the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity.
3．In this work，Monet's aim was to convey the light and movement in the scene.
4．What they attempted to do was no longer show reality，but instead to ask the question，“What is
art？”
【归纳用法】
一、不定式作表语的用法
1．表目的
The purpose of education is to develop a fine personality in children.
教育的目的是发展儿童完美的品格。
2．表示事态发展的结果、预期的结果、不幸的命运或语言。
You must speak out，if we are to remain friends.
如果我们还想继续做朋友的话，你就必须痛痛快快地把话都说出来。
3．用于第一人称问句，表示征求意见。
What am I to say if they ask me the question?
要是他们问我这个问题，我该怎么回答呢？
4．表示“同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿、禁止”等。
They are to marry next week.
他们将在下周结婚。(安排)
[即学即练1] 单句语法填空
①His ambition is (become) a famous novelist.②Our most important task now is (make) a plan.
③The function of Louis Sullivan's architecture was (provide) large uninterrupted floor areas
and to allow ample light into the interior.
【答案】1.to become2.to make3.to provide
二、不定式和现在分词作表语的区别
1．动词不定式作表语，通常表示具体的或将来的动作。
Our first assignment was to read two short stories.
我们的首要任务是读两篇短篇故事。
2．现在分词作表语，表示抽象的一般行为。
My work is teaching Chinese.
我的工作是教语文。
[即学即练2] 单句语法填空
①The most important thing is (negotiate) with them about the future of the plant.
②What we expect from you is (work) hard rather than hardly working.
三、不定式作表语to的省略
1．当主语thing这个词被动词不定式修饰时，作表语的不定式符号“to”可以省略。
The thing for us to do is accept the challenge.
我们要做的事情就是要接受挑战。
2．当主语是带有动词“do”的由“what”引导的主语从句时，其表语的动词不定式符号“to”可以省
略。
What they want to do is have a good sleep.
他们想要做的就是好好睡一觉。
3．当句子主语被动词“do”作谓语的定语从句修饰的anything，all，all that，the only thing，the only
way，或者thing前面有序数词first，second，last等修饰时，其表语动词不定式的符号“to”可以省略。
The only thing you have to do is press the button.
你要做的唯一的事情就是按一下按钮。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．My work is (clean) the room every day.
2．To do two things at a time is (do) neither.
3．The next step is (make) sure that you know exactly what is required.
4．You must be patient and persistent if you are (succeed)．
5．What am I (do) if I have no money?
【答案】1. to clean2.to do3.to make4.to succeed5.to do
Ⅱ.短文语法填空
I am a manager of a small company. My job is 1. (manage) the daily work of the company.
One day，I was 2. (leave) the company when I found a little boy was 3. (slip)
into the building of the company. I stopped him and asked what he was 4. (do). He explained thathe was 5. (see) the process of how our product was worked 6. . I told him it was
too late 7. (do) that and he could come earlier next day and I would show him 8.
our company in person. The boy waved goodbye 9. me and left happily. I thought all he had to do
was 10. (study) hard at school.
【答案】1.to manage2.to leave3.to slip4.to do5.to see6.out7.to do8.around 9.to 10.study
写作园地
关于文学作品的介绍
文学作品介绍一般包括小说、戏剧等的故事背景、故事情节、人物角色，最后要发表一下自己的观
点。对作品做出评价时，我们可以从一个情节和人物形象或一个场面等方面着手。
[基本框架]
第一段：简要介绍文学作品及作者。
第二段：详细介绍其故事背景、故事情节、人物角色等。
第三段：发表自己的观点。
[注意事项]
1．主要是一般现在时，也可根据需要灵活使用其他时态。
2．以第一和第三人称为主。
3．使用恰当的过渡词。
[常用词块]
1．fairy tales童话故事
2．my favorite novel我最喜欢的小说
3．be written by由……创作
4．write many scientific romances写了很多科幻小说
5．devote himself to literature致力于文学(写作)
6．a vivid description of many difficulties and incidents
生动地描述了许多困难和事情
7．learn a lot from the book从这本书中学到很多
8．a nice and funny book一本又好看又有趣的书
9．be about the life of a poor child关于一个贫穷孩子的生活
10．the contents and plots of the book这本书的内容和情节
[常用语句]
1．I enjoy reading different kinds of books，but“Harry Porter”is my favorite one.
我很喜欢读不同种类的书，但是，《哈利·波特》是我最喜欢的书。
2．The fairy tales are my favorites，such as Grimm's Fairy Tales，Anderson's Fairy Tales and so on.
童话故事是我最喜欢的，比如说《格林童话》， 《安徒生童话》等。
3．The story is very long but I am interested in it.
这个故事很长，但是我很感兴趣。4．In fact，the fiction story is so meaningful that I can learn a lot from it.
事实上，这个小说非常有意义，我从这本书中学到很多。
5 ． We are also astonished and convinced by his fertile imagination and scientific and geographical
knowledge.
我们也对他丰富的想象力，科学、地理知识感到很吃惊和折服。
6．I think it's the best book I've ever read.
我认为这是我读过的最好的书。
请写一篇80词左右的短文，介绍小说《百万英镑》(The Million Pound Bank Note)，要求包括如下内
容：
1．作者：Mark Twain
2．语言风格：幽默、讽刺
3．故事梗概：伦敦的两位富翁打赌，把一张无法兑现的百万支票借给落魄的美国穷人亨利·亚当，看
他在一个月内如何收场。一个月的期限到了，亨利不仅没有饿死或被捕，反倒成了富翁，并且赢得了一位
漂亮小姐的芳心。
4．你印象最深的地方。
[参考词汇]讽刺的 sarcastic
[参考范文]
The novel The Million Pound Bank Note was written by Mark Twain，a great American writer.Through
his humorous and sarcastic language，Mark Twain successfully depicted an unbelievable adventure of Henry
Adams，a penniless American in London.
Two rich men in London have a bet on Henry and want to see what will become of him a month later if they
give him a million pound banknote which can't be cashed for even a penny.A month later，Henry isn't starved nor
arrested，but becomes a millionaire dramatically.What's more，he even wins the love of a pretty lady.
What impresses me most is that in the story，Henry's note is only exhibited for the eyes of others as a symbol
of wealth.On second thought，maybe it is not Henry，but people's crazy love for money，that fools the world.
分层提分题组A 基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)(每小题2分，共16分)
1．Inventing such a tool was really a great in science in the past.
2．What makes me excited is that tickets may be in advance from the box office.
3．The young man often helped others and soon acquired a in this town.
4．She was very young，but she could describe the accident (准确地)．
5．In spite of many invitations，he would always (拒绝) to visit Oxford.
6．There are no (永久的) exhibitions in this museum and displays change all the time.
7．We cannot that our flights will never be delayed.
8．As far as I’m concerned，it is a highly (主观的) point of view.
【答案】1.breakthrough 2.purchased 3.reputation 4.precisely5.decline6.permanent7.guarantee 8.subjective
Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)(每小题2分，共14分)
9．His behaviors had a deep on me.That is，I was by him
greatly.(influence)
10．Young people have a good and they can what they are learning with ease.
(memorial)
11．Nowadays these often the present economical situations.(critical)
12．The student is more than delighted to his class to talk about learning
methods.(representative)
13．We are organizing an art for our school students their works of art.
(exhibition)
14．There is general (recognize) that the study techniques of many students are not scientific.
15．I am reading foreign novels to (expansion) knowledge of foreign countries.
【 答 案 】 9.influential ， influence ， influenced 10.memory ， memorize 11.critics ， criticize
12.representative ，represent 13.exhibition ，to exhibit14.recognition15.expand
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题2分，共10分)
16．对于高中生来说，好好休息是有必要的。(it作形式主语)
For high school students， .
17．这次活动的目的是提高我们保护中国传统文化的意识。
protecting Chinese traditional culture.
18．我容易相处。(主语＋be＋adj.＋to do)
.
19．尽管我发现解决这个问题很困难，但我仍将竭尽全力解决它。(it作形式宾语)
，I will try my best to work it out.
20．得知下个月将举办一个中国画画展，我写信想申请成为一名志愿者。(分词短语作主语)
，I am writing to apply to be a volunteer.
【答案】16.it is necessary to take a good rest17.The purpose of the activity is to raise our awareness of18.I ameasy to get along/on with19.While I find it difficult to solve the problem20.Knowing that a Chinese painting
exhibition will be held next month
题组B 能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空——复习本单元Reading and Thinking部分
Because there have been so many different styles of Western art，perhaps the best way
1. (understand) Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the
centuries.During the Middle Ages，the purpose of Western art was 2. (teach) people about
Christianity.This began to change in the 13th century with Giotto di Bondone.His paintings are set apart from other
paintings by their 3. (reality) human faces and deep emotional impact.Painters concentrated
4. (little) on religious themes during the Renaissance.5. important breakthrough
was the use of perspective by Masaccio and another innovation was the use of oil paints.As for subjects，the
emphasis 6. (increase) shifted from religious themes to people and the world around
us.Photography was invented in the mid-19th century，after 7. paintings were no longer needed to
preserve what people and the world looked like.Hence，impressionism 8. (emerge) in France.The
name came from the painting by Claude Monet 9. (call) Impression，Sunrise.After
Impressionism，subsequent artists began to ask what they would do next.What they attempted to do was no longer
show reality,
10. instead to ask the question，“What is art？”
【答案】 1.to understand2.to teach3.realistic4.less5.An 6.increasingly7.which 8.emerged9.called10.but
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子
为本单元的语法项目：不定式作表语)
My grandfather was an influential painter.From his subjective point of view，he was keen on painting
realistic things and his works were primitive，which set him apart from the other painters.He gained
1. as a representative of the Realism Association.So nobles，people of high rank and
wealthy clients desired to purchase his works，which earned him a 2. .He made a
breakthrough in his field，but he was always humble.When he was 3. by others or
disagreements emerged，he still
4. kindness and declined to place criticism on others.Later he made friends with a sculptor
who often created wonderful sculptures at sunrise near a pond.Subsequently，both of them framed a plan to
visit the exhibitions and the purpose was to find those with artistic eyes .Although they couldn’t 5.
every child a bright future，their investment was worthy of praise and expansion.In my grandfather’s
advanced years，besides fine art，he preferred bronze bowls，ceramic vases and in particular ink wash
paintings from ancient times，which brought history to life.All forms of art offer us 6. beauty
and have a permanent influence on how we view the world.
【答案】1.recognition 2.reputation3.criticised 4.conveyed 5.guarantee 6.visual题组C 培优拔尖练
A
Like everything else，London’s world-class museums closed in March，but one by one，most of them have
announced their reopening.Visiting will be very different to the museum experience you’re used to，though：
you’ll have to pre-book a timed entry slot(时段), you may have to follow a one-way route and face masks will be
encouraged.
British Museum
What is it? Since it opened in 1759—the first ever national museum for the public—the British Museum has
been displaying artwork of world heritage，including the Rosetta Stone and the Parthenon sculptures.
Why go? The museum has over 8 million objects in its collection,50,000 of which are on display.That’s a lot
of bang for your buck，considering entrance to the main areas is free.
National Gallery
What is it? A first-class and entirely free-to-enter artistic institution in the heart of Trafalgar Square.Founded
in 1824，the National Gallery is home to more than 2,000 paintings from artists such as da Vinci，Van Gogh，
Turner，Picasso，Matisse and Cezanne.
Why go? To learn more about the world’s highly praised artworks and even try your hand at drawing in the
galleries.
Design Museum
What is it? A fascinating museum that explores contemporary design and architecture.The Design Museum is
bursting with free temporary exhibitions，pop-ups and bookable displays.
Why go? The museum’s new home in Kensington is an absolute design feat，and when you’ve finished your
walkabout，take a tour to the nearby Holland Park Kyoto Garden for some well-deserved rest.
Imperial(帝国的) War Museum
What is it? A powerful museum shining a light on people’s experiences of conflict from the First World War
to today.A few minutes’ walk from Waterloo，IWM is made up of permanent galleries，such as the ace
Curiosities of War exhibit，and temporary displays，exploring recent conflicts and terrorist attacks.
Why go? For impressive and extensive collections，including the moving，and eye-opening permanent
Holocaust exhibition(not recommended for children under 14)．
语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了伦敦的四个博物馆，包括博物馆的历史和特色等信息。
1．What is a must for visitors to the museums?
A．Booking in advance. B．Preparing a face mask.
C．Bringing enough money. D．Arriving earlier than usual.
A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，参观博物馆的人必须提前预订。故选A。
2．In which museum can you most probably see world famous paintings?
A．British Museum. B．Design Museum.
C．National Gallery. D．Imperial War Museum.C【解析】细节理解题。根据National Gallery部分中的“Founded in 1824，the National Gallery is home to
more than 2,000 paintings from artists such as da Vinci，Van Gogh，Turner，Picasso，Matisse and Cezanne.”可
知，你最有可能在 National Gallery看到世界著名的绘画。故选C。
3．How is Imperial War Museum different from the other three?
A．It has the largest collection. B．Kids under 14 are not advised to visit it.
C．You can have a good rest in it. D．You may meet some artists in it.
B【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，Imperial War Museum与其他三家博物馆的不同之处在于，它
不建议14岁以下的儿童参观。故选B。
B
In this special school，Lisa Elder doesn’t have a lesson plan or an attendance book.She does have her walkie-
talkie(对讲机)．When the hallways are secure and the teachers ready，the call comes over the radio：Students are
on their way up.
Three teens，two boys and one girl，entered Elder’s classroom.“Why don’t you guys have a seat and I’ll tell
you what we’re doing，” she tells them.
Today，they’re going to cut out leaves from construction paper and write life skills on them：“Patience.”
“Hygiene(卫生)．”
Then，Lisa notices a boy named Brandon.He’s hunched(躬身的) over his desk and he’s got his fist against his
chest—it’s shaking.Lisa tries talking to him but gets no response.
It doesn’t look like anything to me：just a boy who’s not participating in class.But Elder has seen this
behavior in his file，and she knows it’s a warning sign.
She radios for backup，“Could I have a youth worker up in life skills？”
By the time the youth worker comes in，Brandon has turned his desk to face the back wall，and he’s getting
more and more agitated.He’s still not responding.
“OK，” she tells him.“Here are the choices：If you want to stay in my classroom and participate，I would
love you to.I will do anything I can to help you.But if all you’re going to do is turn your back and avoid everything
people are asking of you，then I’m going to have you brought down to the office.”
She pauses for a moment.“I would like you to make the better choice and stay with me.”
That’s not the choice Brandon makes.It’s becoming clear：He could lose control at any moment.
Elder leaves the room,20 minutes before class is over.As we walk down to the residential unit，she tells
me，“So when I tell you that I don’t know what the day is going to bring，that’s a perfect example.”
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要通过讲述Elder一天的工作经历，告诉我们在特殊学校里作为老
师的Elder的生活是什么样的。
4．What subject does Elder teach?
A．Paper cutting. B．Life skills.
C．Building construction. D．Basic science.
B【解析】 细节理解题。根据第六段内容“She radios for backup，‘Could I have a youth worker up in lifeskills？’”可知，Elder教授的科目是life skills(生活技能)。故选B项。
5．What does the underlined word “agitated” show?
A．Brandon is now getting quite upset. B．Brandon is making fun of his teacher.
C．Brandon is drawing Elder’s attention. D．Brandon is just joking with his friends.
A【解析】词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“Then，Lisa notices a boy named Brandon.He’s hunched(躬身的)
over his desk and he’s got his fist against his chest—it’s shaking.”和第五段中的“it’s a warning sign”可知，
Brandon不想听课，感觉很不高兴。再根据他把桌子转向后墙的行为，可推断出Brandon现在很不高兴。
故选A项。
6．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．Elder leaves the room for safety. B．The three teens are normal students.
C．Brandon will be punished after class. D．“Me” in the text is the youth worker.
A【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，Elder在下课前20分钟离开了教室。再根据倒数第二
段中的“He could lose control at any moment.”可知，这个叫Brandon的男孩随时可能会失去控制，做出过激
行为。由此可推断出，Elder为了安全离开了教室。故选A项。
7．In the text，the author wants to .
A．show how hard the school life is
B．prove life skills are really necessary
C．tell what Elder’s life is like as a teacher
D．call for the public’s attention on education
C【解析】写作意图题。根据最后一段最后一句“So when I tell you that I don’t know what the day is going to
bring，that’s a perfect example.”再结合文章内容可知，作者主要想通过这篇文章告诉我们，在特殊学校里作
为老师的Elder，她的生活是什么样的，都会经历些什么。故选C项。
C
This season，the bushfires in Australia have burned more than 12.35 million acres of land.At least 25 people
have been killed and 2,000 homes destroyed.According to the BBC，this has been the most casualties(伤亡) from
wildfires in the country since 2009.The University of Sydney estimates that 480 million animals have died in South
Wales alone.
Zeke Hausfather，an energy systems analyst and climate researcher at Berkeley Earth ，said warmer
temperatures and extreme weather have made Australia more susceptible to fires and increased the length of the
fire season.“The drier conditions combined with record high temperatures in 2019 created main conditions for the
disastrous fires.Australia’s fires were worsened by the combination of those two.2019 was the perfect storm for
being the warmest year on record for Australia and the driest year on record for Australia，” Hausfather added
on Friday.
Kevin Trenberth，a senior scientist at the US National Center for Atmospheric Research，said warmer ocean
temperatures also contributed to more variable weather around the world.Trenberth believes that global warming
contributed to energy imbalances and hot spots in the oceans，which can create a wave in the atmosphere that
locks weather patterns in places，causing longer rain events in Indonesia，for example，and at the same timecontributing to drought in Australia.He said that once an area experiences drought conditions for two months or
more，it increases the risk of fires catching and spreading.Those changing weather patterns due to global warming
make drought events longer.
Climate experts stress that climate change is not the only factor in the severity of wildfires.How land is
managed can also impact the amount of fuel available for fires.Practices like controlled burns and other factors can
impact the risk to people and property，such as warning systems and the type of development in a given
area.Changing those policies has great potential to limit future damage from wildfires along with changes to how
fire management resources are dispatched(派遣)．
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了澳大利亚森林大火产生的条件和蔓延的原
因。
8．What are the numbers about in Paragraph 1?
A．The causes of Australian fires. B．The consequences of Australian fires.
C．The damaged areas of Australian fires. D．The property destruction of Australian fires.
B【解析】细节理解题。由第一段可知，这个季节，澳大利亚的丛林大火已经烧毁了超过 1 235万英亩的土
地。至少25人死亡，2 000所房屋被毁。由此可知，本段的数字表明森林大火产生的严重后果。故选 B
项。
9．Which of the following best explains the underlined words “more susceptible to” in the second paragraph?
A．Very quickly to adapt to. B．Very seriously to focus on.
C．Very likely to be influenced by. D．Very easily to be protected against.
C【解析】词义猜测题。由画线词所在句可推测，气温升高和极端天气让澳大利亚更容易发生火灾，more
susceptible to与very likely to be influenced by“很容易受……的影响”意思相近。故选C项。
10．What can we infer from Trenberth’s research?
A．Global warming is the root cause of the bushfires.
B．Longer dry weather contributes to global warming.
C．Warmer ocean temperatures promote fires spreading.
D．The imbalanced energy leads to the temperature rising.
A【解析】推理判断题。由第三段的最后两句可知，他说，一旦一个地区经历了两个月或更长时间的干
旱，它就会增加火灾发生和蔓延的风险。那些由于全球变暖而改变的天气使得干旱持续的时间更长。由此
可推断，全球气候变暖是森林火灾的根本原因。故选A项。
11．What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?
A．To stress the effects of Australia fires.
B．To show the methods for controlling burns.
C．To predict the seriousness of Australia fires.
D．To provide some advice about reducing damage.
D【解析】推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Practices like controlled burns and other factors can impact the risk
to people and property，such as warning systems and the type of development in a given area.”可知，作者在最后一段想要介绍控制火灾造成的伤害的方法。故选D项。
