文档内容
Unit 1 Science Fiction
目标导航
重点词汇 阅读单词
1．ridiculous adj.愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的
2．absurd adj.荒谬的；荒唐的
3．ladder n．梯子；阶梯
4．whereas conj.然而；但是；尽管
5．rumour n．谣言；传闻
6．presume vt.& vi.假定；假设
7．fare n．车费；船费；飞机票价
8．alien n．外星人(生物)；外国人 adj.陌生的；外星的；外国的
9．blurred adj.模糊不清的；难以区分的
10．inaction n．无行动；不采取措施
11．bonus n．意外收获；奖金；红利
12．nail n．指甲；趾甲；钉子vt.(用钉子)钉牢；固定
13．suspend vt.悬；挂；暂停；暂缓
14．gramme n．克(重量单位)
15．venue n．活动场地(如音乐厅、会场等)
16．panel n．控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组
17．inch n．英寸(长度单位，等于2.54厘米)
18．handkerchief n．手帕；纸巾
19．lever n．操纵杆；杠杆
20．grip vt.& vi.紧握；抓紧
21．hazy adj.模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的
22．puff n．(烟、气等的)一缕；少量；喘息
23．jolt n．震动；摇晃；颠簸vt.& vi.(使)震动；摇晃
24．flip vt.& vi.(使)快速翻转；(用手指)轻抛
25．stun vt.使震惊，使昏迷
26．overstatement n．夸大；夸张
27．Isaac Asimov 艾萨克·阿西莫夫
28．Braille (also braille)布拉耶盲文(凸点符号)
29．The Three-Body Problem《三体》
30．Hugo Award 雨果奖
重点单词1．fiction n．小说；虚构的事
2．integrity n．诚实正直；完整；完好
3．dignity n．庄重；庄严；尊严
4．salary n．薪水；薪金
5．saleswoman n．女售货员；女推销员
6．dismiss vt.让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除
7．weekly adj.每周的n.周刊
8．chairwoman n．女主席；女董事长；女委员长
9．flour n．面粉；(谷物磨成的)粉
10．salesman n．售货员；推销员
11．superior adj.更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的
12．labour n．劳动(者)；体力劳动 vi.奋斗；努力工作
13．leather n．皮革；[pl.]皮衣；皮外套
14．backwards adv.向后；倒着；往回
15．niece n．侄女；外甥女
16．fetch vt.(去)拿来；(去)请来
17．lamp n．灯；台灯
18．pace n．速度；步伐；节奏vt.& vi.确定速度；调整节奏
19．random adj.随机的；不可思议的
20．maximum adj.最大极限的n.最大量；最大限度
词汇拓展 1．appointment n．预约；约会；委任→appoint vt.任命；委派；指定；约定
2．guilty adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的→guilt n．内疚
3．declare vt.表明；宣称；公布→declaration n．宣称；声明
4．calculate vt.计算；核算；预测→calculator n．计算器→calculation n．计算
5．division n．分开；分隔；差异；除(法)→divide vt.分开；分散；分配；分享
6．urge n．强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐→urgent adj.紧急的；急迫的
7．explode vi.& vt.爆炸；爆破→explosion n．爆炸；(感情)爆发；激增
8．mud n．泥；泥浆→muddy adj.泥泞的
重点词组 1．test out检验；测试
2．more like更像是；更接近
3．on a...basis根据；以……的方式(基准)
4．pros and cons事物的利与弊；支持与反对
5．superior to比……更好；更胜一筹
6．take over占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
7．conflict with与……冲突或抵触
8．turn out关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是9．fall away(逐渐)减少；消失
10．have an urge to有强烈的欲望做某事
重点句型 1．As she turned around，there stood Gladys Claffern.
她一转身，就看到格拉迪丝·克拉芬站在那儿。
2．She heard him declare that he did not want to leave her the next day，and that he felt more
than just the desire to please her.
她听到他说第二天不想离开她，他感觉他不仅仅只是想取悦她。
3．It was at ten o’clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career.
今天十点钟，第一台时间机器开始投入使用。
4．Looking around，I saw my laboratory exactly as before.
环顾四周，我看到我的实验室和从前一模一样。
5．It felt like I was being driven fast on a winding road.
这感觉就像我在一条蜿蜒的路上疾驰。
知识精讲
知识点01 guilty adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)What greatly stunned me was that he was guilty a crime and was put in prison.
(2)I felt guilty my conflict with my dear friend and I must apologize to him.
【答案】1.of 2.for/at/about
•be guilty of犯有……罪
be/feel guilty for/at/about...对/为……感到内疚/有愧
•guilt n．内疚；悔恨；犯罪；罪行
再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(3)她说：“可是我已经欺骗了我奶奶”，脸颊上流下了内疚的泪水。
①“But I have cheated my grandmother，” said she，and tears of guilt flowed down her cheeks.(并列句)
②“But I have cheated my grandmother，” said she，tears of guilt flowing down her cheeks.(独立主格结构)
知识点2 urge n．强烈的欲望；冲动
vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)It is strongly urged that all the lamps (turn) out during the night.
(2)After I have received my bonus，I have a strong urge (buy) many science fictions.(3)My boss urged me (calculate) the salaries of all the salesmen and saleswomen.
＝My boss urged that I (calculate) the salaries of all the salesmen and saleswomen.
【答案】1. (should) be turned 2 . to buy 3 . to calculate ， (should) calculate
•have/feel an urge to do sth.有强烈的欲望做某事
•urge sb.to do sth.催促某人做某事
urge that...(should) do sth.极力主张/强调……做某事
It is urged that...(should) do sth.极力主张/强调……做某事
•urgent adj.紧急的；迫切的
再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(4)家长应该积极督促孩子利用这个机会参加户外活动。
①Parents should actively urge their children to take advantage of the opportunity to participate in outdoor
activities.(urge sb.to do)
②Parents should actively urge that their children (should) take advantage of the opportunity to participate in
outdoor activities.(urge that...)
知识点3 on a...basis根据；以……的方式基准
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)They test out the machine a regular basis in case there may be something wrong with it.
(2)On the basis these facts，we can conclude that the ridiculous rumor was spread by my niece.
【答案】1.on 2.of
on a regular basis例行地；有规律地；定期地
on a daily/weekly basis每天/每周
on the basis of/that...以……为基础
再提能力——完美写作·词汇升级·背诵
(3)(简单表达)He has formed the habit of getting up early and exercising every day，which enables him to keep
physically healthy.
(高级表达)He has formed the habit of getting up early and exercising on a daily basis，which enables him to keep
physically healthy.
知识点4 take over占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
take off起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功
take on呈现；雇用；承担
take in包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留
take up占去；占据；开始从事根据句意用take短语的正确形式完成下面语段
After the firm from his father，Tom some scientific ideas and
some experienced and hard-working workers，which suggested that his firm would
soon.Tom held the strong belief that his firm would a new look in the near
future.
【答案】1.taking over，took in， took on，take off ，take on
知识点5 turn out关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是
先练基础——一词多义
写出下列句子中turn out的汉语意思
(1)He turned out to be guilty of his mean words and tears of regret blurred his eyes.结果是
(2)Keep in mind that you must turn out the lamp in your room when you leave.关掉；熄灭
(3)The boss declared that all the staff must turn out for the meeting.出席；在场
(4)The factory turned out twice as many TV sets this year as last year.生产；制造
turn down 拒绝；关小；调低
turn in 上交
turn over 翻身；移交；转变
turn to 求助于；转向
turn up 出现；调高
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子/单句写作·背诵
(5)所有的候选人必须在截止日期前交上申请表和相关材料。
All the candidates must turn in the application forms and relevant materials before the deadline.
(6)有如此多的数学难题要解决，我必须向我的老师求助。
With so many difficult math problems to handle，I must turn to my teacher for help.
(7)你最好按时出现，或者比约定的时间早几分钟。
You had better turn up punctually or a few minutes earlier than the appointed time.
知识点6 more than多于，超过；不仅仅；非常
先练基础——一词多义
写出下列句子中more than的汉语意思
(1)She bought more than ten handkerchiefs and two pairs of leather shoes at a time，which made her mother
explode with anger.多于；超过
(2)I am more than glad to help you analyze the pros and cons of the choice you have made.非常
(3)He is more than my teacher；he is also my friend.不仅仅
•more than＋数词，表示“超过；不止”，相当于over
more than＋名词，意为“不只是；不仅仅……”，相当于not onlymore than＋形容词/副词，意为“非常，很”，相当于very
•more A than B 与其说B不如说A
再提能力——完美写作·语段填空·背诵
(4)I would be more than delighted(我会非常高兴) if you could come and join in my birthday party at 7 p．m.next
Friday at my home.There will be more than ten friends(将会有十几个朋友)．The party is more than for fun(派对
不仅仅是为了玩)；it is also for mutual communication.So please accept my sincere invitation.
知识点7 修辞之明喻在读后续写中的运用
It felt like I was being driven fast on a winding road.这感觉就像我在一条蜿蜒的路上疾驰。
在读后续写中可以适当采用明喻这一修辞方法，增加故事情节的生动性。明喻主要采用
like，as。
能力提升——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(1)当他听我们谈论丰富多彩的生活时，他的笑容灿烂得如宝石一样闪闪发光。
When he heard us talking about the colorful life，the smile on his face shone like a diamond.
(2)它在温柔低语，就像一个小女孩对她的母亲私语一样。
It murmured in a soft voice like a little girl whispering to her mother.
(3)汤姆病得很厉害，不能去聚会。
Tom was as sick as a dog，and couldn’t go to the party.
语法精讲
被动语态
英语中有两种语态，一种是主动语态，一种是被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，或者动作是由主
语完成的，要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，则用被动语态。
[观察例句]
1．It was going to be tested out by Larry's wife，Claire.
2．All the work has been finished by now.
3．Now she was being looked after by a robot that looked so human，and it was disturbing.
4．You are invited to make a speech in our school.
5．Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn't harm her or allow her to be harmed.
[归纳用法]
1．例句1中的黑体词部分为过去将来时的被动形式，其构成是was/were going to＋ be＋ done。
2．例句2中的黑体词部分为现在完成时的被动形式，其构成是has/have ＋ been ＋ done。
3．例句3中的黑体词部分为过去进行时的被动形式，其构成是was/were ＋ being ＋ done。
4．例句4中的黑体词部分为一般现在时的被动形式，其构成是is/are ＋done。5．例句5中的黑体词部分为动词不定式一般式的被动形式，其构成是to＋ be ＋ done。
一、被动语态的基本构成和用法
被动语态由“be＋过去分词”构成，被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其变
化形式与系动词be的完全一样。
下面以do为例列举各种时态的被动语态的形式。
时态 被动结构
一般现在时 am/is/are＋done
一般过去时 was/were＋done
一般将来时 shall/will/am/is/are going to＋be＋done
过去将来时 should/would/was/were going to＋be＋done
现在进行时 am/is/are＋being＋done
过去进行时 was/were＋being＋done
现在完成时 have/has＋been＋done
过去完成时 had＋been＋done
将来完成时 shall/will＋have＋been＋done
过去将来完成时 should/would＋have＋been＋done
Everyone is expected to obey the following rules.希望大家遵守以下规定。
Some volunteers will be sent to the remote village to help improve the education there.
一些志愿者将被派往那个偏远的村庄来帮助提高那里的教育水平。
English lessons are being broadcast on the radio.收音机上正在播英语课程。
The work will have been finished by the end of next month.到下个月底这项工作将会已经完成。
[即学即练1] 用所给动词的适当形式填空
①The tourists (accompany) by a guide when they travelled in Beijing.
②He (envy) by many men，because he has a big house，a car and a good family.
③The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts (reward) with success
in the end.
二、使用被动语态应注意的几个问题
1．否定词not的位置在第一个助动词或情态动词之后。
He was extremely disappointed to hear that he would not be given a doctor's degree.
听到不会获得博士学位，他沮丧到了极点。
2．“get＋过去分词”也表被动
We got separated when we entered the big hall.我们进入大厅时被挤散了。
3．“be＋过去分词”并非都是被动语态
系动词 be，feel，seem，look等词后面的过去分词已转化为形容词，作表语用，构成系表结构，表示某种
状态。
I'm interested in mathematics.我对数学感兴趣。He seems unsatisfied with his work.他似乎对自己的工作不满意。
4．某些情况用主动语态来表示被动含义
有些动词如read，write，clean，wash，iron，burn，draw，cook，keep，cut，open，blow，peel，sell，act
等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时，常和副词well，easily，smoothly等连用，且通常用主动结构
表示被动含义。
这些动词的主语一般是表物的词，且这些物往往具有某种内在的特点，这些句子的时态多用一般现在时或
一般将来时。
The door doesn't open easily.门不容易打开。
Bikes of that kind sell well.那种自行车好卖。
5．动词短语
动词短语在主动结构中是不可分割的，在被动结构中也是如此，不可去掉后面的介词或副词。
The old man was often laughed at.那位老人经常受人嘲笑。(不可省掉介词at)
[即学即练2] 用所给动词的适当形式填空
①As we all know，this pen (write) smoothly.
②I (take) good care of by my uncle when I was young.
【答案】1.writes2.was taken
三、动词不定式的被动形式
动词不定式所修饰的名词或代词与其是被动关系时，动词不定式一般使用被动形式。不定式的被动式
可分为一般式和完成式。
构 成 意 义
一般
to be done 表示发生在谓语动词之后或同时发生的被动动作
式
完成 to have
表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动动作
式 been done
1.动词不定式被动式的句法功能
(1)作主语
Sometimes to be understood is not an easy job.有时被人理解并不是一件容易的事。
[名师点津]
①动词不定式(短语)作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语放在后面。
It is an honour to be invited to speak here.能被邀请在这儿讲话，真是一件荣幸的事。
②单个动词不定式(短语)作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
To be adopted by a key university is difficult for him.对他来说，被一所重点大学录取是困难的。
(2)作表语
The task is to be finished by next month.这项工作要到下个月才能完成。
(3)作宾语
The boy asked to be given an opportunity to try again.那男孩要求给他再试一次的机会。
(4)作宾语补足语He wanted the boy to be punished for telling lies.他想让那个男孩因说谎而受到惩罚。
(5)作定语
He is not a man to be defeated easily.他不是一个容易被打败的人。
(6)作状语
She is sent abroad to be trained.她被送到国外培训。
[即学即练3] 用所给动词的适当形式填空
①It's important for the figures (update) regularly.
②We've had a good start，but next，more work needs (do) to achieve the final success.
③There are still many problems (solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.
【答案】1.to be updated2.doing/to be done3.to be solved
2．不定式的主动形式表示被动意义
(1)动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式和名词之间有动宾关系，又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系
时，不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。
I have a lot of things to do this afternoon.
今天下午我有许多事要做。(to do 与things是动宾关系，与I是主谓关系)
对比：
I'll go to the post office.Do you have a letter to be posted?
我要去邮局。你有信要寄吗？(post与主语you之间不存在主谓关系，只和前面的letter构成动宾关系)
(2)在某些“形容词＋不定式”作表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语是动词不定式的逻辑宾语
时，常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有 nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，
impossible，pleasant，interesting等。
This problem is difficult to work out.这个问题很难计算出来。
(3)在too...to...结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。
This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.这本书太贵，我买不起。
(4)be to blame常用主动表示被动。
Who is to blame for starting the fire?谁应为放火受责备？
[即学即练4] 用所给动词的适当形式填空
①The chair is comfortable (sit) on.
②The driver is (blame) for the accident happening just now.
③The old man found the computer was hard (operate)．
④We have four reading passages (complete) in the coming holiday.
【答案】1.to sit2.to blame3.to operate4.to complete
四、动词ing的被动形式
动词ing形式所表示的动作是一个被动动作时，要用动词ing的被动形式。包括其一般形式和完成形式。
(一)动词ing被动形式的构成
形式 用法
一般式 being done 被动的动作正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生having
完成式 被动的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前
been done
The building being built will be our school library.
正在建造的那座大楼将是我们学校的图书馆。
Having been invited，Mr.Li went there to give a speech though he was busy.
李先生受邀去那儿做演讲，尽管很忙，但他还是去了。
[即学即练5] 用所给动词的适当形式填空
① (warn) about typhoon，the fishermen sailed for the nearest harbor.
②The question (discuss) now has something to do with nature.
【答案】1.Having been warned2.being discussed
(二)动词ing被动形式的用法
动词ing的被动式在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、补足语、状语。
She doesn't remember having ever been given a chance to go abroad.(作宾语)
她不记得曾被给过出国的机会。
You'll find the topic being discussed everywhere.(作宾语补足语)
你会发现到处都在讨论这个话题。
Being selected Chairman of the students' union made him feel proud.(作主语)
被选为学生会主席，他很自豪。
Having been told many times，he still repeated the same mistakes.(作状语)
被告知多次了，他仍然犯同样的错误。
What made his parents happy was his being admitted to a famous university.(作表语)
让他父母高兴的是他被一所名牌大学录取了。
The museum being repaired will be reopened to visitors next year.(作定语)
正在维修的博物馆明年将开始接待访客。
[名师点津]
在动词ing被动式前加否定副词not便可构成其否定形式。
Tony was veny unhappy for not having been invited to the party.(作宾语)
托尼因未受邀请参加晚会甚为不满。
Not being allowed to go out makes him very angry.(作主语)
不被允许出去，他非常生气。
[名师点津]
being done，to be done 与done作定语的区别
to be done作定语一般表示未来的动作；done表示被动完成的动作；being done 表示被动的、正在进行的动
作。
The problem to be discussed(＝which will be discussed) at the meeting is very important.
会上将要讨论的问题非常重要。
The problem discussed (＝which was discussed) at the meeting is very important.会上讨论过的问题非常重要。
The problem being discussed(＝which is being discussed) at the meeting is very important.
会上正在讨论的问题非常重要。
[即学即练6] 用所给动词的适当形式填空
①I still remember (take) to the Great Wall and what I saw there.
② (hit)by the big boy on the nose，the little boy began to cry.
③I heard this song (sing) in English then.
【答案】1.being taken2.Having been hit3.being sung
五、几种特殊用法
1．在deserve，need，require，want等词之后，总是用动词ing的主动形式表达被动意义，相当于“to be＋
过去分词”。
The blackboard needs cleaning.＝The blackboard needs to be cleaned.黑板需要擦干净。
The broken window wants repairing.＝The broken window wants to be repaired.
那个破窗户需要修理。
2．be worth后也常跟动词ing的主动形式表达被动意义。
The book is worth reading again.＝The book is worthy of being read again.＝The book is worthy to be read
again.这本书值得再读一遍。
3．动词ing被动式的复合结构
当动词ing被动式的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，要在动词ing形式之前加上物主代词或名词所有格(整
个复合结构不作主语时，可用人称代词宾格代替物主代词，名词普通格代替名词所有格)
I am very pleased at you/your having been honored with a medal.
我很高兴你获得了一枚奖牌。
The decision having been made，the next problem was how to make a good plan.
决定已经做出，下一个问题就是如何制订一个好的计划了。
[即学即练7] 用所给动词的适当形式填空
①The road is covered with some fallen trees and they require (remove) immediately.
②The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft，the most recent one
(launch) at the end of last year.
③If a thing is worthy of (do)，it is worth (do) well.
【答案】1.removing/to be removed2.having been launched3.being done，doing
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Truly elegant chopsticks might (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.
2．The billionaire is reported in the local newspaper (rob) last week.
3．The giant panda (love) by people throughout the world.
4．We won't start the work until all the preparations (make)．
5．These small trees require (take) good care of.
6．Despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement (reach) so far by the two sides.7．The airport (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area.
8．As we approached the village，we saw new houses (build)．
9．I appreciated (give) the chance to study abroad two years ago.
10．He narrowly escaped (run) over.
【答案】1.be made2.to have been robbed3.is loved4.have been made5.taking/to be taken6.has been reached7. to
be completed8.being built9.having been given10.being run
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．I'm pleased ．给我这次机会我很高兴。
2．They are living with their parents for the moment because ．
他们现在和父母住在一起，因为他们自己的房子正在被重建。
3．He was the last one at the meeting.他是最后一个在会上被邀请发言的
人。
4．Imagine on an island alone.(leave)
想象一下你弟弟被独自留在一个岛上。
5． ，the naughty boy made the same mistake again.(tell)
被告诉好几遍了，这个淘气的孩子又犯了同样的错误。
【答案】1.to have been given this opportunity2.their own house is being rebuilt3.to be asked to speak4.your
brother('s) being left5.Having been told many times
Ⅲ.语法填空
A
Dear Mr.Johnson，
How are things going with you?
I'm writing 1. (ask) for your help.One of my greatest ambitions is
2. (admit) into Peking University.3. (achieve) this，I work very hard.But 4.
you know ， I'm weak in English reading comprehension.Although I have tried every means 5.
(improve) it，like expanding my vocabulary and doing a large number of exercises，so far all my efforts 6.
(end) up in failure，7. really makes me discouraged.Now with the important exam 8.
(draw) near，I feel more and more stressed and worried.
I'll appreciate 9. very much if you can give me some advice on how to improve my reading
ability effectively and I'm looking forward to the suggestions 10. (offer) by you.
Best wishes.
Yours，
Li Hua
【答案】1.to ask2.to be admitted3.To achieve4.as 5.to improve6.have ended7.which 8.drawing9.it 10.to be
offered
B
1． (educate) in a famous university is my wild dream and I have been looking forward to 2.(admit) to Tsinghua University.In the meantime，I appreciate
2． (give) a chance to go abroad for further education.4. (achieve) this
target，I must study even 5. (hard)．In the last examination，with all the efforts
6. (make)，I got the first place，7. made my teachers and parents very
happy.Another important examination is 8. the corner and 9. (expect) too much
also gives me much pressure.However，I will do 10. I can to live up to their expectations.
【答案】1.Being educated2.being admitted3.being given4.To achieve5.harder6.made7.which 8.around 9.being
expected10.what/all
写作园地
科幻故事类记叙文
故事类记叙文，是以讲述故事为主要内容，以叙述为主要表达方式的文章。讲述故事是以事件为中心
的文章，事件的发生、发展和结果是文章的中心。故事类记叙文的写作要素：
1．要交代清楚五要素的内容，即：where，when，what，who，how。
2．事件可按时间或空间顺序叙述。
3．时态通常是与过去有关的时态；如果是当前的经常性事件、自然或社会现象，通常用与现在有关的时
态。
[基本框架]
1．确定主题：融合各种科幻形象的特点，发挥自己的想象力，从而创造出一个生动的角色，确定作文的
主题。
2．构思情节：情节内容的设定要新奇，要能吸引人。这就要求充分发挥自己的想象力，在科学的基础上
合理想象。
注意事项：
1．要根据题目要求和提示，确定好主题并围绕主题展开合理而全面的想象，切忌根据自己的喜好而随意
想象。
2．要注意人称及时态的正确运用。
3．要有丰富的表达方式，大胆使用一些较高级词汇及较复杂句式。
[常用词块]
1．science fiction films科幻电影
2．search the universe探索宇宙
3．artificial intelligence人工智能
4．have a household robot拥有一个家用机器人
5．more and more intelligent machines越来越多的智能机器
6．the rapid development of information technology信息技术的飞速发展
7．this highlycivilized creature这种高度文明的生物
8．require continuous diligence and progress需要不断的努力和进步9．advanced devices and technology先进的设备和技术
10．motivate us to reach for more激励着我们去追求更多
[常用语句]
1．In the future，every family can have a robot，and it can help people do many things.
未来，每个家庭都会拥有一个机器人，它可以帮助人们做很多事情。
2．No one can make sure whether there is another life exists in the universe.
没有人能确定在宇宙中是否存在另外的生命。
3．Though the scientists never saw the real aliens，I still believe that besides human beings，life must exist in the
universe.
虽然科学家们从未见过真正的外星人，但我仍然相信除了人类之外，宇宙中存在另外的生命。
4．When intelligent machines can do the thinking，will our brain get lazy and regress?
当智能机器可以思考时，我们的大脑会变得懒惰和退化吗？
5．As a matter of fact，I believe the widerspread of AI actually act as a motivation to force us to become more
intelligent.
事实上，我相信人工智能的广泛传播实际上是一种动力，迫使我们变得更聪明。
6．To sum up，every technology is a doubleedged sword.
综上所述，每一项技术都是一把双刃剑。
假如你是李华，为了激发学生的想象力，你们学校本周将举行一次以“My Future Life”为主题的征文
比赛。请根据下列提示写一篇80词左右的短文。
1．家庭；
2．工作；
3．业余生活。
【参考范文】
My Future Life
I often imagine what my life will be like in the future.I think my life is bound to be very different then，which
will be elegant and satisfying.
In the future，I desire to have a household robot cleaning the house，accompanying and obeying my parents
in my home.In addition，I hope I will work for a computer company as a program designer.I will enjoy my workand get along well with the staff.In my free time，I will continue to take exercise，such as swimming，running
and various ball games.
In a word，my life will be richer and more colourful.
分层提分
题组A 基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)(每小题1分，共8分)
1．The flour made in this factory is far to that in that factory in quality.
2．Word came that a bomb planted in a garbage can early today.
3．Unfortunately，he was from the job and led a miserable life.
4．May 1 is International Day and most people will enjoy a relatively long holiday.
5．In the dry seasons，the villagers have to walk several miles to (取) water for daily use.
6．The job will require you to take advantage of all your skills to the (最大量)．
7．I prefer the relaxed (节奏) of life in the country.
8．It has been (计算) that at least 47,000 employees were dismissed last year.
【答案】1.superior 2.explode 3.dismissed 4.Labour 5.fetch6.maximum7.pace8.calculated
Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)(每小题2分，共14分)
9．Li Hua has been as chairman of the Students’ Association and I will write a letter to
congratulate him on his .(appointment)
10．I am of the silly mistake I made yesterday and no words can express my .
(guilty)
11．He that he would put humans on Mars in less than a decade ，but his
proved unrealistic.(declare)
12．Yesterday the employer his employees to deal with the matters by Friday.
(urge)
13．The was caused by burst of a gas pipe，which made the boss with anger.
(explode)
14．You can use a to the average mark of the class and then your
can be accurate.(calculate)
15．As the work can be (division) among several people，it can be done effectively.
【答案】9.appointment10.guilty 11.declared ，declaration 12.urged ，urgent 13.explosion ，explode
14.calculator ，calculate ，calculation15.divided
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题2分，共10分)
16．这是我的关于如何增强你和其他人交流能力的建议。(全部倒装)
.17．我非常高兴收到您的来信。
.
18．不是你被给予了什么而是你如何利用它才决定着你是谁。(强调句)
.
19．秘书工作到深夜，为总统准备长篇演讲。
The secretary worked late into the night， .
20．我的叔叔在世时，他烟抽得很厉害。
My uncle when he was living.
【答案】
16.Here are my tips on how to strengthen your ability to communicate with others.
17.I am more than delighted to receive your letter
18.It is not what you are given but how you make use of it that determines who you are
19.preparing a long speech for the President.
20.smoked like a chimney
题组B 能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空——复习本单元Reading and Thinking部分
A household robot named Tony was going to 1. (test) out in a family by Claire.Claire didn’t
like the idea at the beginning，but she agreed to it at last.At the first sight of Tony，Claire was
3． (alarm)，for the robot seemed more like a human 3. a machine，
handsome with smooth hair and a deep voice.When Tony offered to help her dress，Claire felt embarrassed.Claire
complained that she wasn’t clever and Tony showed sympathy for her,4. she thought was quite
ridiculous.
5. (gradual)，Tony began to win Claire’s trust.As a favor，Tony helped Claire make herself
smarter and her home 6. (elegant)．In 7. expensive clothes shop，when the
saleswoman was rude to her，she rang Tony up for help.Tony made the woman change her impolite attitude and
Claire was grateful to Tony,8. (say) that he was a “dear”．However，the scene was discovered by
Gladys Claffern and thus Claire felt 9. (guilt)．Claire wept sorrowfully after arriving home.To
comfort her，Tony suggested that she 10. (invite) Gladys and her friends to the house which
would have been completely transformed by then.
【答案】1.be tested2.alarmed3.than 4.which 5.Gradually6.more elegant7.an 8.saying9.guilty10..(should) invite
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子
为本单元的语法项目：被动语态)
My niece，Jane，laboured to the maximum for 10 years in a shopping mall and finally she took up an
1. as the chairwoman. She was respected by all the salesmen and saleswomen because she was
full of integrity and dignity.She exactly calculated the staff’s salaries and rewarded the best ones with a 2.
.Whereas，one salesman，Jack,3. that he could sell anything by absurd overstatements，suchas science fictions，ladders，flour，leathers，levers of various panels，handkerchiefs，nails，lamps and
even mud.In his view，he was superior to others，so he had an urge to take over the sales manager.It
turned out that he often 4. with others.Then came a rumor that all the staff would resign if
Jack wasn’t dismissed ，which greatly stunned Jane and even made Jane explode with anger.Jane thought
inaction was improper ， so she urged Jack to weigh pros and cons.Otherwise ， his job would be
suspended.Jack felt so 5. of his ridiculous behaviors that tears blurred his eyes.He promised to
apologize to all the staff at a meeting on a weekly basis to remove the 6. between him and his
colleagues.He would share what he gripped from that day on.
【答案】1.appointment 2.bonus3.declared 4.conflicted 5.guilty 6.division
题组C 培优拔尖练
Ⅰ.完形填空
[一]
Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough.Success 1 fundamentally on our view
of ourselves and of the 2 in our lives.
When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931，he had no way of
knowing that his life was to change completely.The class experiment that day was to 3 how heating a
container of water would bring air bubbling(冒泡) to the surface. 4 ，the container the teacher gave Wilson to
heat 5 held something more volatile(易挥发的) than water.When Wilson heated it，the container 6 ，
leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.
When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later，his parents attempted to find a way to deal with
the catastrophe that had 7 their lives.But Wilson did not regard the accident as catastrophic.He learned
braille(盲文) quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind.There，he not only did well
as a student but also became a(n) 8 public speaker.
Later，he worked in Africa，where many people suffered from 9 for lack of proper treatment.For
him，it was one thing to 10 his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue
11 it could be fixed so easily.This moved him to action.And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because
of the 12 Wilson made to preventing the preventable.
Wilson received several international 13 for his great contributions.He lost his sight but found a 14
.He proved that it’s not what happens to us that 15 our lives—it’s what we make of what happens.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍约翰·威尔逊在实验中因出现事故而失明，但他没有被命运
击倒，而是努力奋斗改变命运，最后取得成功。
1．A.depends B．holds C．keeps D．reflects
A【解析】句意为：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。depend on取决于；
hold on坚持住；keep on继续；reflect on认真思考。故选A。
2．A.dilemmas B．accidents C．events D．steps
C【解析】句意见上题解析。dilemma进退两难的处境；accident意外事故；event事，事件；step脚步，步骤。故选C。
3．A.direct B．show C．advocate D．declare
B【解析】根据主语experiment可知实验是要展示(show)一种现象。direct指导，管理；advocate提倡，倡
导；declare宣布。故选B。
4．A.Anyway B．moreover C．Somehow D．Thus
C【解析】句意为：不知怎么地，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。anyway无论如
何，不管怎样；moreover而且；somehow不知怎么地；thus因此。故选C。
5．A.mistakenly B．casually C．amazingly D．clumsily
A【解析】句意见上题解析。mistakenly错误地；casually随意地；amazingly令人惊奇地；clumsily笨拙
地。由下文事故的发生可知，老师在容器里误装了东西。故选A。
6．A.erupted B．exploded C．emptied D．exposed
B【解析】句意为：当威尔逊把它加热时，容器爆炸了，导致威尔逊双目失明。erupt爆发，喷出；explode
爆炸；empty腾空，掏空；expose揭露，使暴露。故选B。
7．A.submitted to B．catered for C．impressed on D．happened to
D【解析】句意为：两个月后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活
中的灾难。submit to提交，顺从……；cater for迎合；impress on给……留下印象；happen to发生。故选
D。
8．A.accomplished B．crucial C．specific D．innocent
A【解析】句意为：在那里，他不仅是一名出色的学生，而且成了一名技艺高超的演说家。accomplished才
华高的，技艺高超的；crucial至关重要的，关键性的；specific特定的，具体的；innocent无辜的，天真
的。故选A。
9．A.deafness B．depression C．blindness D．speechlessness
C【解析】根据上文他的眼睛失明，并结合后文中的“And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see...”可
知，在非洲有很多人因缺少适当的治疗而失明(blindness)。故选C。
10．A.decide B．abandon C．control D．accept
D【解析】句意为：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，
让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。decide决定；abandon抛弃；control控制；accept接受。故选D。
11．A.until B．when C．unless D．before
B【解析】句意见上题解析。until直到；when在……情况下，当……时候；unless除非；before在……之
前。故选B。
12．A.opposition B．adjustments C．commitment D．limitations
C【解析】句意为：因为威尔逊对于预防可预防的疾病的贡献，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人都可以恢复视力
了。opposition反对；adjustment调整，调节；commitment奉献，投入；limitation限制。该空和后文中的
“great contributions”相呼应。故选C。
13．A.scholarships B．rewards C．awards D．bonuses
C【解析】句意为：威尔逊因其巨大的贡献获得了几个国际奖项。scholarship奖学金；reward奖励，回报；award奖，奖品；bonus红利，津贴。故选C。
14．A.fortune B．recipe C．dream D．vision
D【解析】句意为：他失明了，但“眼界”开阔了。fortune运气，财富；recipe食谱，秘诀；dream梦，梦
想；vision视野，眼界。故选D。
15．A.distinguishes B．determines C．claims D．limits
B【解析】句意为：他证明了并不是发生在我们身上的事情决定了我们的生活，而是我们如何看待发生的
事情(决定了我们的生活)。distinguish区分，辨别；determine决定；claim宣称；limit限制。故选B。
[二]
The best example of universally understood body language may be the smile.A smile can open doors and tear
down walls among 1 .
I have organized and reorganized an 2 with the dentist for months.I also 3 it twice and called the
day before to ensure all the paperwork would be ready for the X-rays.
Then I arrived.It wasn’t 4 at all.The lady there even had no idea what I was talking about.I 5 felt
my blood boil.I was getting so 6 .I didn’t yell at her but I might as well have because the 7 I was talking
to her was not nice.I spoke down to her like she was a child and incapable.It was not a good moment.The whole
time she smiled and was 8 to me.
Only when everything was finally 9 was I nice.I sat down in the waiting area and 10 it all.How can
I make it better? How can I make up for my 11 behavior a moment ago? I couldn’t.I could gift her a chocolate
bar I had on me，but this needed more than that.It needed an honest 12 .And that is exactly what I gave.
I apologized for the way I had spoken to her and told her it was wrong of me.She accepted.Again with a
hope.That experience helps me be that woman who smiles and forgives so 13 .I don’t get it right every time.I
can be rude and when I am，I almost 14 myself for it.I am not that person，not anymore.Yet I continue to
grow and continue to 15 .It’s true that smile vanished my anger and opened a door to understanding.
语篇解读 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者去看牙医，之前已经预约，但到了那里却发现什么都没准备。作
者很生气，但却得到了微笑，这让作者很内疚，同时这也让作者感受到了微笑的力量。
1．A.friends B．strangers C．patients D．relatives
B【解析】句意为：微笑可以打开门，拆掉在陌生人之间的墙壁。friend朋友；stranger陌生人；patient病
人；relative亲戚。故选B。
2．A.interview B．operation C．experiment D．appointment
D【解析】句意为：数月来我一次又一次地与牙医进行预约。interview采访；operation手术；experiment实
验；appointment约会，预约。故选D。
3．A.confirmed B．arranged C．discussed D．admitted
A【解析】句意为：我也确认了两次，并在前一天打电话来确认所有的照射 X光的材料都准备好了。
confirm证实，确认；arrange安排；discuss讨论；admit承认。故选A。
4．A.crowded B．ready C．open D．busy
B【解析】句意为：一点也没有准备好。crowded拥挤的；ready有准备的；open开的；busy忙碌的。根据后一句“The lady there even had no idea what I was talking about.”可知，此处为一切都没有准备好，故选B。
5．A.mildly B．roughly C．privately D．immediately
D【解析】句意为：我马上就感觉到血液沸腾。mildly温和地；roughly艰难地；privately私自，私下地；
immediately立即，马上。故选D。
6．A.mad B．sad C．humorous D．curious
A【解析】句意为：我变得很生气。get mad生气，发火。故选A。
7．A.habit B．way C．accent D．tune
B【解析】habit习惯；way方法；accent口音，方言；tune语调，曲调。根据后一句“I spoke down to her
like she was a child and incapable.”可知，我对她说话的方式并不好，故选B。
8．A.rude B．attached C．friendly D．devoted
C【解析】句意为：她一直在微笑，对我很友好。rude粗鲁的；attached附属的，依恋的；friendly友好
的；devoted忠诚的， 献身的。故选C。
9．A.figured B．added C．made D．sorted
D【解析】句意为：最后当一切都安排妥当，我的态度才好起来。figure计算，解决；add增加；make做；
sort安排妥当。故选D。
10．A.reflected on B．worked at C．called at D．went through
A【解析】句意为：我坐在等候室，反思发生的一切。reflect on仔细想，反思；work at 致力于；call at拜
访；go through经历(苦难)。故选A。
11．A.unnecessary B．impolite C．impossible D．unfair
B【解析】句意为：我怎样才能弥补之前无礼的行为？unnecessary不必要；impolite不礼貌的；impossible
不可能的；unfair不公平的。故选B。
12．A.comment B．promise C．apology D．suggestion
C【解析】comment评论；promise承诺；apology道歉；suggestion建议。根据下文“I apologized for the
way I had spoken to her”可知，选C。
13．A.slowly B．easily C．frequently D．tightly
B【解析】句意为：那次经历帮助我成了那个微笑的并容易原谅别人的女人。slowly慢慢地；easily容易
地；frequently频繁地；tightly紧紧地。故选B。
14．A.teach B．forgive C．hate D．see
C【解析】句意为：每当我很粗鲁的时候，我就很讨厌自己这个样子。teach教；forgive原谅；hate讨厌；
see看到。故选C。
15．A.expand B．react C．overcome D．learn
D【解析】句意为：然而，我继续成长，继续学习。expand扩张；react反应；overcome克服；learn学习。
故选D。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Wang Hongmei，a master in the Forbidden City，specializes in restoring damaged paintings.“I found
conservation of paintings extremely 1. (challenge) at the beginning when I often had to stand forhours all day long due to the nature of the work.” Wang 2. (recall)．
“Commitment and time 3. (gradual) calmed down my heart.”
It takes a seasoned conservationist like Wang a whole year 4. (restore) just three to four
paintings.Sometimes the work could take even 5. (long)．A scenic painting over 170 square meters in
size,6. was created by Emperor Qianlong for his retirement，was worn.Wang and her colleagues spent
five years restoring the painting to its previous brilliance.
“These treasures are not simply individual items，7. heritages(遗产) of the craft and spirit passed
on by the artists ， collectors and conservationists of the past ， ” Qu Feng ， one of Wang’s 8.
(workmate) ， said.“Strengthened conservation efforts symbolize increasing national power and 9.
(proud)．If we can protect our cultural heritage to the best of our abilities，our nation will come to believe 10.
itself more firmly.”
Due to the efforts by the masters in the Forbidden City，the public now can have a further understanding of
cultural heritage protection.
语篇解读 这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了故宫里专门修复受损的画作的大师王红梅的工作性质，以
及她和她的同事对于这份工作的领悟。
1.challenging【解析】考查词性转换。分析可知，此处是find sth./sb.＋adj.结构，所填空应是形容词作宾语
补足语。故填challenging。
2. recalled【解析】考查动词的时态。根据前面的“found”可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故
填recalled。
3. gradually
【解析】考查词性转换。分析可知，此处是副词作状语修饰动词短语calmed down。故填gradually。
4. to restore【解析】考查固定搭配。 “It takes sb.＋time＋to do sth.”，固定句式，意为“花费某人多少时
间做某事”。故填to restore。
5.longer【解析】考查形容词的比较级。结合句意可知，本句在时间上与前文“a whole year”有比较含义，
应用比较级。故填longer。
6. which【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。分析可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，关系词指代先行词 A
scenic painting，指物，并在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
7. but【解析】考查固定用法。分析可知，此处考查固定搭配not...but...，意为“不是……而是……”。故
填but。
8. workmates【解析】考查名词的单复数。此处是“one of ＋可数名词复数”结构。故填workmates。
9. pride【解析】考查词性转换。结合空前并列连词and可知，所填空应与“power”在词性上保持一致，
用名词作increase的宾语，表示抽象意义，为不可数。故填pride。
10. in【解析】考查固定短语。believe in sb.相信某人。故填in。
