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Unit4Space Exploration
目标导航
重点词汇 阅读单词
1．procedure n．程序；步骤；手续
2．cm abbr.(centimetre or centimeter)厘米
3．rocket n．火箭；火箭弹
4．gravity n．重力；引力
5．frontier n．边境；国界；边远地区
6．vehicle n．交通工具；车辆
7．satellite n．人造卫星；卫星
8．orbit n．(环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道；势力范围 vt.& vi.沿轨道运行；环绕……运行
9．giant adj.巨大的；伟大的 n．巨人；巨兽；伟人
10．leap n．跳跃；剧增；剧变(leapt，leapt/lept/or leaped，leaped)vi.& vt.跳过；跃过
11．agency n．(政府的)专门机构；服务机构；代理处
12．transmit vt.& vi.传输；发送
13．data n．[pl.]资料；数据
14．ongoing adj.持续存在的；仍在进行的；不断发展的
15．spacecraft n．航天器；宇宙飞船
16．spacewalk n．太空行走；太空行走的时间
17．jade n．玉；翡翠；玉器
18．dock vi.& vt.(两架航天器)对接；(使)……进港 n．码头；船坞
19．sufficient adj.足够的；充足的
20．microwave n．(also microwave oven)微波炉
21．tissue n．纸巾；(人、动植物细胞的)组织
22．facility n．设施；设备
23．fatal adj.致命的；灾难性的
24．high-end adj.高端的
25．foam n．泡沫橡胶；泡沫
26．pillow n．枕头
27．mystery n．神秘事物；谜
28．oxygen n．氧；氧气
29．the USSR abbr.the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics苏联
30．NASA abbr.National Aeronautics and Space Administration(美国)国家航空与航天局
31．the International Space Station国际空间站32．Mars n．火星
33．Jupiter n．木星
重点单词
1．astronaut n．宇航员；太空人
2．mental adj.精神的；思想的
3．universe n．宇宙；天地万物
4．launch vt.& n．发射；发起；上市
5．mankind n．人类
6．signal vt.& vi.标志着；标明；发信号 n．信号；标志
7．recycle vt.回收利用；再利用
8．muscle n．肌肉；实力；影响力
9．float vi.浮动；漂流；漂浮 vt.使浮动；使漂流
10．otherwise adv.否则；要不然
11．beyond prep.在更远处；超出
12．soap n．肥皂
13．towel n．毛巾；抹布
14．keen adj.热衷的；渴望的
15．globe n．地球；世界；地球仪
16．shallow adj.肤浅的；浅的
17．pattern n．模式；图案；模范
18．monitor n．监视器；监测仪 vt.监视；监测；监控
19．smartphone n．智能手机
20．resource n．资源；财力；物力
21．attach vt.系；绑；贴
词汇拓展 1．intelligent adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→intelligence n．智慧
2．determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的→determine vt.查明；确定；决定→determination
n．决心；果断
3．disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappoint vt.使失望→disappointing adj.令人失望的
→disappointment n．失望；沮丧
4．desire n．渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望→desired adj.渴望的，想要的
5．independent adj.独立的；自立的→independently adv.独立地；自立地→independence n．
独立；自立→depend vi.依靠
6．lack vt.缺乏；没有 n．缺乏；短缺→lacking adj.缺乏的；不足的
7．argue vt.& vi.论证；争辩；争论→argument n．争论；争吵；论点
8．analysis n．(对事物的)分析；分析结果→analyz(s)e v．分析9．regular adj.定期的；经常的；正常的→regularly adv.有规律地；经常；定期地
10．limited adj.有限的→limitless adj.无限的→limit vt.& n．限制
重点词组 1．carry on继续做，坚持干
2．on board在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上
3．in the hope of doing sth.抱着……的希望
4．so as to (do sth.)为了；以便
5．figure out弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白
6．result in导致；造成
7．as a result所以；结果(是)
8．provide for sb.提供生活所需
9．in closing最后
10．run out用完；耗尽
重点句型 1．Afterwards，the USSR focused on sending people into space，and on 12 April 1961，Yuri
Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space.
后来，苏联集中力量把人送入太空，1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入
太空的人。
2．These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed，but the desire to explore the universe
never died.
这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望，但是探索宇宙的欲望从未消失过。
3．Despite the difficulties，scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us to
understand how the universe began，but also help us survive well into the future.
尽管有许多困难，科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能让我们了解宇宙是如何开始的，而且还
能帮助我们更好地生存到未来。
4．Astronauts have to use tape to stick everything down while working in space because
everything would float off otherwise.
宇航员在太空工作时必须用胶带把所有的东西粘在一起，否则所有的东西都会漂走。
5．Sending people to other planets or even beyond the solar system is not an easy goal to
achieve.
把人送到其他星球甚至太阳系以外不是一个容易达到的目标。
知识精讲
知识点01 disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)People were disappointed the news that the satellite had been launched unsuccessfully.(2)One by one，the applicants left the interviewer’s office with (disappoint) looks on their faces.
(3)Much to my (disappoint)，I found he had told a lie to his mother.
【答案】1.at/by/with2.disappointed3.disappointment
•be disappointed at/with/by...对……失望
be disappointed to do sth.对做某事失望
be disappointed that...对……失望
•disappoint vt.使失望/沮丧
•disappointing adj.令人失望的
•disappointment n．失望，沮丧
to one’s disappointment令某人失望的是
再提能力——完美写作·单句写作·背诵
(4)对结果感到失望，他忍不住哭了起来。
Disappointed at the result ， he couldn’t help crying .
知识点2 desire n．渴望；欲望；愿望
vt.渴望；期望；想望
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)The boy has a strong desire a smartphone with a large internal memory to play games.
(2)The teacher desired that all the exercises (hand) in before school was over.
(3)Since you have a strong desire (learn) Chinese culture，I think Beijing Language and Culture
University is an ideal place for you.(2019·北京)
【答案】1.for 2. (should) be handed3.to learn
•have a desire to do sth.渴望做某事
have a desire for sth.渴望得到某物
•desire to do sth.渴望做某事
desire sb.to do sth.渴望某人做某事
desire that...(should) do...渴望……
再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(4)他母亲希望他长大后成为一名建筑师。
①His mother an architect after he grew up.
②His mother desired that an architect after he grew up.
【答案】1.desired him to be/become2.he (should) be/become
知识点3 signal v．标志着；标明；发信号
n．信号；标志；预示；信号灯先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)We (signal) to the driver in the hope of stopping him before he fell into the river.
(2)A man stood up and crossed his arms over his head， (signal) that he was strongly opposed.
(3)Just like the traffic itself，the timing of the (signal) changes.
【答案】1.signalled2.signalling3.signals
•signal (to) sb.to do sth.示意某人做某事
signal (sb.) that示意(某人)……
•traffic signals交通信号灯
再提能力——完美写作·单句写作·背诵
(4)司机匆忙把伤者送到了医院，忽视了一路上的交通信号。(读后续写动作描写)
The driver rushed the injured to the hospital immediately ， ignoring the traffic signals all the way.
知识点4 on board在船车、飞机等上；在宇宙飞船上
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)The passengers board are disappointed at the current accommodation on the ship.
(2)Six months ago Xie Lei said goodbye to her family and friends in China and (board) a plane for
London.
(3)The hurricane was so strong that all the passengers (board) the ship fell into the river.
【答案】1.on 2.boarded3.aboard
•board n．板；木板；委员会；董事会；伙食；膳食
•board v．登上(船、车、飞机等)；寄宿
board a ship/plane/train登上船/飞机/火车
board in a foreign family寄宿在一个外国家庭
a boarding school寄宿制学校
•aboard adv.& prep.在船(飞机、火车等)上；上船(飞机、火车
等)
go aboard上船(飞机、火车等)
•abroad adv.在国外；到国外
go abroad出国
再提能力——完美写作·单句写作·背诵
(4)通过寄宿在一个外国家庭里，你可以更好地了解这个国家的文化习俗。(应用文之建议信)
By boarding in a foreign family ， you can have a better understanding of this country’s culture and customs.
知识点5 lack vt.缺乏；缺少；没有
n．缺乏；短缺先练基础——单句语法填空
(1) (lack) sufficient oxygen，the astronaut could not carry on with his mission.
(2)Later，he worked in Africa，where many people suffered from blindness for lack proper
treatment.
(3)It is obvious that the young girl is (lack) in useful skills.
【答案】1.Lacking2.of 3.lacking
•(a) lack of缺少……
for/through lack of因缺少……
•lacking adj.不足的；缺乏的
be lacking in在……方面缺乏
再提能力——完美写作·句式升级·背诵
(4)Though Jack lacked experience，he made up for it in enthusiasm.
Though lacking experience，Jack made up for it in enthusiasm.(用省略句改写)
知识点6 argue vt.& vi.争论；争辩；论证
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)He often argues his son recycling water so as to cut down the water bill.
(2)Some people argue we should stop wasting time and money exploring space.
(3)Most of the members argued his plan，which made him satisfied.
(4)Why did he have an (argue) with his wife yesterday?
(5)They argued him withdrawing his complaint.
【答案】1.with ，about/over2.that 3.for 4.argument5.into
•argue with sb.about/over sth.因某事与某人争吵/争论
argue for/against (doing) sth.据理赞成/反对(做)某事
argue that...主张……，认为……
argue sb. into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事
•argument n．争论；争辩；争吵；论点
再提能力——完美写作·单句写作·背诵
(6)60%的受采访者支持垃圾分类并且声称他们也会在日常生活中这么做。(议论文)
60% of the interviewees argue for rubbish classification and claim that they will do this in their daily life.
知识点7 attach v.系；绑；贴；把……固定；重视
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)The professor attaches great importance the analysis of the data.
(2)Please attach your photograph this application form.(3)With time going by，Claire seemed to be more (attach) to Tony，the robot.
【答案】1.to 2.to 3.attached
•attach...to...把……附在……上
attach importance/significance/value/weight/...to...
认为……有重要性/意义/价值/分量等
•attached adj.附加的；依恋的，爱慕的
be attached to喜欢，依恋；附属于
再提能力——完美写作·单句写作·背诵
(4)在学习语言的过程中，你再怎么强调阅读的重要性也不为过。(应用文之建议信)
You can never attach too much importance to reading during the course of learning language.
知识点8 run out用完；耗尽物作主语，无被动语态
先练基础——根据句意用run短语的正确形式填空
(1)I was reading in a bookstore when I an old friend there yesterday.
(2)I nearly a bus when it stopped suddenly in front of me.
【答案】1.ran across2.ran into
run out of用光，用完人作主语，有被动语态
run across偶然遇到
run after追逐；追求
run into撞上；遇上，偶然遇到；碰上困境、麻烦
等
再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(3)我们的钱快花完了。我们该怎么办？
① Our money .What should we do?
② We .What should we do?
【答案】1.is running out2.are running out of our money
知识点9 otherwise的用法
Astronauts have to use tape to stick everything down while working in space because everything would float
off otherwise.
宇航员在太空工作时必须用胶带把所有的东西粘在一起，否则所有的东西都会漂走。
先练基础——一词多义
写出下列句子中otherwise的词性和汉语意思
(1)My parents lent me the money.Otherwise，I couldn’t have afforded the trip.adv.否则；不然
(2)There was some music playing upstairs.Otherwise the house was silent.adv.除此以外(3)It is not permitted to sell or otherwise distribute copies of past examination papers.adv.以其他方式
•otherwise用作连词时，有时表示一种含蓄的虚拟条件，此时其后的句子用虚拟语气。
表示对过去的虚拟，其后句子的谓语动词用would/could have done，表示对现在的虚拟，其
后句子的谓语动词用would/could do。
•otherwise还常用于句型“祈使句＋otherwise＋陈述句”。
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(4)我们当时不知道你遇到了困难，要不然我们会帮助你的。
We didn’t know you were in trouble at that time， .
(5)我现在没带钱。否则我就借给你一些了。
I have no money on me now.Otherwise， .
【答案】1.otherwise we would have given you a hand2.I would lend some to you
语法精讲
不定式的用法
一、不定式的时态和语态
1．不定式的形式
不定式有六种形式，以 write 为例，列表如下：
主动语态 被动语态
一般式 to write to be written
完成式 to have written to have been written
进行式 to be writing
完成进行式 to have been writing
2.使用情况
(1)一般式：不定式的动作与谓语动作同时发生或在谓语动作之后发生。
He seems to know this.
他似乎了解这件事。
(2)进行式：不定式的动作与谓语动作同时发生，并强调动作的持续性或正在进行。
He pretended to be working hard.＝He pretended that he was working hard.
他假装干得很卖力。
When he came in, I happened to be reading the novel.
他进来时，我碰巧正在读小说。
(3)完成式：不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之前或已经发生。
I am sorry to have given you so much trouble.
给你添了这么多麻烦真抱歉。
She is said to have just completed a novel.
据说她刚完成一部小说。(4)完成进行式：强调不定式的动作从过去某一时刻起一直持续到某一时刻，强调动作的持续性，不
强调结果。
The rain was said to have been falling for a week.据说雨已下一周了。
He was happy to have been staying with his uncle.他很高兴一直跟他叔叔住在一起。
(5)被动式：不定式的逻辑主语是不定式动作的承受者。
She felt puzzled to be asked such a question.被问了这样一个问题，她很疑惑。
The factory to be built here next year is a car factory.明年在这里建的工厂是一家汽车制造厂。
二、不定式的语法功能
不定式在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾补。高考侧重考查不定式作定语、宾语、状
语和宾补的用法。
1．不定式作定语
(1)不定式作定语通常要放在被修饰词的后面，往往表示将要发生的动作。
The weather will be sunny in the days to come.
未来几天将是晴天。
(2)中心词是序数词、形容词最高级、the last/the only/the next 或被这些词修饰时，用不定式作定语。
Zhang Jian is the first Chinese to swim across the Bohai Sea.
张健是第一个横渡渤海的中国人。
He was the only one to finish the task on time.
他是唯一一个按时完成任务的人。
(3)抽象名词 time, way, reason, chance, courage, opportunity, ability 等后以及不定代词 something,
nothing, little 等后常用不定式作定语。
A subway is an effective way to solve traffic problems in a big city.
地铁是解决大城市交通问题的有效方法。
(4)“there be＋主语＋to do”和 have sth. to do 结构中，不定式也作后置定语。
There is nothing to worry about.没什么可担心的。
He has a lot of work to do today.今天他有大量的活要干。
2．不定式作状语
(1)作目的状语。可位于句首或句末，其前可加 in order/so as，但 so as to 不可位于句首。
I got up early (in order) to catch the 6：30 train.我早起是为了赶那趟六点半的火车。
(2)作原因状语。
I am glad to see you.见到你很高兴。
He smiled to think of a clever plan.想到了一个聪明的计划，他笑了。
(3)作结果状语，表示出人意料或不太好的结果，常与 only 连用；而现在分词作结果状语则表示自
然而然的结果。
I hurried to the post office, only to find it closed.我急忙赶到邮局，结果发现邮局关门了。
单句语法填空
1．The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy (watch) anything thathappened to be on.
2．I dialed up corporate headquarters, only (tell) those names were not yet public.
3．Volunteering gives you a chance (change) lives, including your own.
4．The airport (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area.
5．It's standard practice for a company like this one (employ) a security officer.
6． (free) ourselves from the physical and mental tensions, we each need deep thought and
inner quietness.
7．They hurried to the station, only (find) their train had gone five minutes before.
8．He hurried to school only (find) nobody there.
9．She wanted (see) which shop offered the best service.
10．I feel it exciting (see) the movie Wolf Warriors Ⅱ which Wu Jing directed and starred
in.
【答案】1. to watch2.to be old 3.to change4.to be completed5.to employ 6.To free 7.to find8.to find9.to
see10.to see
写作园地
写作技巧——技巧点拨——
问题解决型作文的写作
一、题型特点
1．所涉及问题为当今社会热点；
2．要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径；
3．写作模式：a.首段提出问题，说明现状；b.第二段分析原因；c.末段解决问题。
二、写作模板
首段提出问题：
In recent days, we have to face the problem—A(所要解决的问题)，which is becoming more and more
serious.
第二段分析原因：
As far as I am concerned, there are numerous factors accounting for the phenomenon mentioned above, but
the following might be the critical ones. First and foremost, ______. Besides, ________. Last but not least,
________.
末段提出解决办法：
From my point of view, there are a number of ways that can solve the problem. Firstly, ________ (解决办法
一). Secondly, ________ (解决办法二). Thirdly, ________ (解决办法三). Fourthly...
——写作要求——
假设你校在举办征文活动，题目为“How to Overcome Test Anxiety”，请你用英语写一篇短文，谈谈
你自己的具体做法，以供同学们借鉴。
注意：1．词数在80左右；
2．做法不少于四点；
3．参考词汇：wellprepared, take a deep breath, positive/negative moods, concentrate on, repeat
4．开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Whoever takes exams will feel more or less tense and anxious
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
——思路分析——
一、确定主题，明确要求
1．主题定位：根据所要写的短文题目和注意内容可确定文章所涉及的内容——提出问题→点明问题
的严重性→给出解决之道。
2．题目要求：针对如何克服考试焦虑这一问题谈谈自己的做法，且做法不少于四点。
二、构建框架，明确要点
结合自身对考试紧张情况的感悟，构建文章的主体框架如下：
1．明确提出问题：参加考试时会感到紧张、焦虑。
2．点明问题的严重性：如何克服考试紧张、焦虑这一问题很重要，亟待解决。
3．给出解决之道(至少四点)：①为考试做好充分准备，增强自信心；②坐下之后，放松自己的身
体；③使消极情绪转化为积极情绪；④集中精力考试，不要注意周围其他人；⑤其他。
三、添枝加叶，扩句成篇
要点明确之后接下来要做的工作就是把重点信息以不同的句式表达出来：
点明问题的严重性：How to overcome test anxiety is very important and a problem in desperate want of
being solved./How to overcome test anxiety is of great importance and a problem needing to be settled urgently.
做法一：First(ly), make sure that you're wellprepared for the exam, which will make you feel confident that
you can do it./...for the exam and this will give you a feeling of confidence that you can do it.
做法二：Second(ly), once you take your seat/sit down, take a few minutes to relax...
做法三：Third(ly), remove/get rid of/push away negative moods and turn/change them into positive ones.
做法四：Fourth(ly), concentrating on the exam may also benefit you a lot/concentrating on the exam may
also be greatly beneficial to you...
——佳作展示——
Whoever takes exams will feel more or less tense and anxious. So how to overcome test anxiety is very
important and a problem in desperate want of being solved. Personally, the following may be of help to you.
First, make sure that you're wellprepared for the exam, which will make you feel confident that you can do
it. Second, once you take your seat, take a few minutes to relax, such as letting your arms hang loosely, moving
your fingers as well as taking a few deep breaths. Third, push away negative moods and turn them into positive
ones. Fourth, concentrating on the exam may also benefit you a lot and don't pay attention to the people around
you. Besides, if you are sitting for an oral exam, smile a lot and imagine you are having the nicest conversation in a
long time. Of course, when you start feeling tense and anxious again during the exam, repeating the exercise torelax yourself is essential.
分层提分
题组A 基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)(每小题2分，共16分)
1．Could you tell me how and when the came into being?
2．The railway shows that the train will come，so you can’t pass now.
3．Thanks for your directions to the house；we wouldn’t have found it .
4．Many lifestyle do such great harm to health that they actually speed up the weakening of the
human body.
5．A dog’s eating habit requires (定期的) training before it is properly established.
6．The river is very (浅的)，but you can’t swim in it because the water is polluted.
7．The shortage of water has become a (全球的) problem that needs to be solved urgently.
8．Though (缺乏) money，his family lived an enjoyable life.
【答案】1.universe 2.signal 3.otherwise4.patterns 5.regular6.shallow7.global8.lacking
Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)(每小题2分，共14分)
9．Artificial has been used in phones，which makes them seem to be .
(intelligent)
10．When asked whether he was to be an astronaut，the boy just looked at me with
.(determine)
11．Though he was at the result of the examination，he tried to hide his in order
not to discourage his son.(disappoint)
12．Since the country became in 1842，it has played an important role .Gone are
the days when it on others for everything.(depend)
13．A person’s life is but knowledge is .(limit)
14．An about whether people should carry on with space exploration took place at the conference
and some people that we should stop wasting time and money on it.(argue)
15．Unsatisfied with the ，the researchers analyzed the data again.(analyze)
【 答 案 】 9.intelligence ， intelligent10.determined ， determination11.disappointed ， disappointment
12.independent ，independently，depended 13.limited ，limitless14.argument ，argued 15.analysis，analyzed
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题2分，共10分)
16．每当数学老师提出问题，他总是第一个举手的人。
Every time the math teacher asks questions， .
17．他的迅速反应让老师很满意。
His quick response18．他不但成绩好，而且经常帮助别人。
19．他有很多朋友，因为他容易相处。
He has many friends .
20．工人们没有被组织好，否则他们会用一半的时间完成任务的。
The workers were not better organized，otherwise they the task in half the time.
【答案】16.he is always the first one to put up his hand17.makes the teacher pleased18.He not only studies well
but also often helps others19.because he is easy to get along with20.would have accomplished
题组B 能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空——复习本单元Reading and Thinking部分
People have always wanted to explore space in the hope of finding out its secrets.After the mid-20th century，
some scientists realised 1. (people) dream of travelling into space with brave people
2. (carry) by spacecraft to learn more about the universe.Exploring space is not only
3. (danger) but also challenging.Accidents can still happen though scientists try to make sure
nothing 4. (go) wrong.But the desire 5. (explore) space never stops
6. people believe they can overcome difficulties and be faced with those big
7. (challenge)．China has made great progress in completing the manned orbit and spacewalk，
studying the moon’s surface and 8. (establish) a space station.9. our joy，future
discoveries will enable us to understand the universe 10. (full) step by step.
【答案】1.people’s2.carried3.dangerous4.goes5.to explore6.because 7.challenges8.establishing9.To 10.fully
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后翻译短文并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子
为本单元的语法项目：to do作定语和状语)
Mankind has managed to create vehicles to carry astronauts into space.They 1. rockets
carrying satellites.Many intelligent people are 2. to devote themselves to space exploration，
even though space disasters which killed astronauts on board make them 3. .Besides，when
living in space，the astronauts have to recycle dirty water so as to use it later.For 4. of
gravity，their muscles become weak.They have to tape everything up,5. they would float
around.They also need to figure out a way to store 6. food or oxygen，but people’s desire to
explore space never dies. China is the third country to send humans into space 7. .This signals a
giant leap forward for China.Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money on space
exploration，which is a shallow view.Our planet’s resources are limited, we should find a new home to
provide for the ever increasing population .In closing，we should carry on with space exploration.
【答案】1.launch 2.determined 3.disappointed4.lack 5.otherwise 6.sufficient 7.independently
题组C 培优拔尖练
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A
Spoiled for choice? That’s likely how you’ll feel after a mere day in Athens. The secret is in not trying to do
everything. Instead, take in a couple of the tourist highlights and then get a feel for this attractive capital.
An ancient sight
The Acropolis (卫城) always comes out at the top of the list of things to see in Athens. The most famous of
the western world’s ancient sights continue to impress tourists as they climb the marble steps and stand before the
graceful Parthenon. Views from up here are amazing.
A slow wander
Plaka is the city’s oldest neighbourhood, resting on the slopes of the Acropolis with cafes and fascinating
architecture. The streets are perfect for getting lost in, giving wanderers the chance to discover cafes and bars
where they can drink some strong coffee among locals. Plaka is at its best in the early evening. Acropolis House
Pension is a preserved 19th century house that gives guests a glimpse into a Greek home.
A market scene
Varvakios Agora is Athens’ central market. Locals come here to shop and look for everything needed in a
Greek kitchen—from olive oil to meat. This is a look at local life as well as a window into Greek cuisine. The
meat market is also home to some of the city’s best pubs, feeding traditional food to crowds of customers from all
walks of society.
A splash of nightlife
Athenian nights are filled with music, dancing and dining. PerivoliTouOuranou is a club with a strong
atmosphere. Filled with the sounds of violins and guitars pelting out traditional blues-like music, it’s sad but also
beautiful and lively.
本文是一篇说明文。你想去雅典一饱眼福吗? 雅典古城富有魅力的景点会让你流连忘返。
1. Which of the following is the best time to visit Plaka?
A. 8: 00 B. 12: 00 C. 18: 00 D. 22: 00
C【解析】细节理解题。根据A slow wander中的“Plaka is at its best in the early evening. ”可知, C项正确。
2. Varvakios Agora seems more attractive to a foreigner who ______.
A. wants to try cooking Athenian food
B. is interested in the history of Athens
C. likes taking photos of ancient buildings
D. hopes to buy some souvenirs for his friends
A【解析】。细节理解题。根据A market scene中的内容可知, Varvakios Agora是雅典的中心市场, 来自各行
各业的人都能吃到传统的食物。故A项正确。
3. If you want to get a feel for traditional Greek music, you can go to ______.
A. Parthenon B. Plaka
C. Varvakios Agora D. PerivoliTouOuranou
D【解析】细节理解题。根据A splash of nightlife中的介绍可知, PerivoliTouOuranou是一个富有音乐情调的
俱乐部, 在这里可以欣赏到由吉他、小提琴演奏出的传统音乐。故D项正确。
BWashington: NASA has announced evidence that Jupiter’s largest moon, Ganymede, has a saltwater ocean
under its icy surface. The ocean seems to have more water than all the water on Earth’s surface, according to new
Hubble observations.
New Hubble observations of Ganymede’s magnetic field strongly suggest that the moon, which is the largest
in our whole solar system, is home to a subsurface ocean.
Scientists estimate that the ocean is 95 kilometres thick, which is about 10 times deeper than Earth’s oceans.
But unlike our salty waters, Ganymede’s ocean is buried under 150 kilometres of ice.
While scientists have speculated (推测) since the 1970s about the presence of an ocean on Ganymede — the
largest moon in our solar system — until now the only observational evidence came from a brief flyby by the
Galileo spacecraft, which didn’t observe the moon long enough to confirm a liquid ocean.
This discovery marks an important milestone, highlighting what only Hubble can accomplish. In its 25 years
in orbit, Hubble has made many scientific discoveries in our own solar system. A deep ocean under the icy surface
of Ganymede opens up further exciting possibilities for life beyond Earth.
Scientists have already confirmed the existence of an ocean on Europa, another moon orbiting Jupiter, and
NASA has announced plans to send an unmanned mission there searching for the life that might come with liquid
water.
Hubble is a telescope that orbits Earth, but because of its impressive gravitational analyses it can be used to
study the inside of far distant planets. Using these same principles, scientists could theoretically detect oceans on
distant exoplanets as well.
本文是一篇新闻报道。NASA证实木星的最大卫星木卫三上有海洋, 这一发现再次拓宽了科学家的视野, 使
人们对太阳系内地球以外的生命的探寻更进了一步。
4. What can we learn about Ganymede from the passage?
A. It is a planet with the largest moon in our whole solar system.
B. Its ocean adds to people’s excitement about life beyond Earth.
C. It will be used by NASA as a base for the Hubble telescope.
D. Its liquid ocean was first proved by the Galileo spacecraft.
B。【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“A deep ocean under the icy surface of Ganymede opens up
further exciting possibilities for life beyond Earth. ”可知, 木星的最大卫星木卫三上海洋的存在激发了人们探
索地球以外的生命的热情。故选B项。
5. Which of the following best describes the writer’s attitude towards Hubble?
A. Cautious. B. Doubtful.
C. Negative. D. Favourable.
D【解析】观点态度题。根据第五段第一句“This discovery marks an important milestone, highlighting what
only Hubble can accomplish. ”可知, 这次具有里程碑意义的发现只有哈勃望远镜能够完成。由此可推知, 作
者对哈勃望远镜持支持态度。故选D项。
6. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 6 mean?
A. An underground ocean has been found in Europa.
B. The presence of an underground ocean in Europa is not possible.C. It is now certain that there is an ocean on Europa.
D. No evidence has shown the existence of an ocean on Europa.
C。【解析】句意理解题。根据第六段中的“and NASA has announced plans to send . . . with liquid water”可
知, NASA宣布要在Europa上搜寻地球以外的生命是因为Europa上有水存在; 由此可知科学家们已经证实
Europa上存在海洋。故选C项。
7. What type of writing does this passage belong to?
A. A term essay. B. A news report.
C. An experiment report. D. An exploration review.
B。【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Washington: NASA has announced evidence . . . ”及文章内容可推知,
本文为一篇新闻报道。故选B项。
C
Wang Yaping, one of the three crew members in the Shenzhou-X class spacecraft, delivered the lecture
through a 40-minute live video broadcast, nine days after the successful spacecraft launch.
Assisted by the other two astronauts Nie Haisheng and Zhang Xiaoguang, Wang showed students how
movement occurs in a zero-gravity environment through a series of physics experiments to help students
understand basic physics concepts.
Observers say the creative lecture is not only good for science and patriotic W1 education of the younger
generation but also shows national confidence in China’s maturing W2 space technologies.
Via the video feed system, the three astronauts interacted with some 300 curious students in Beijing on
Thursday after the lecture, who raised questions about their daily life in the space module.
“I’m extremely excited to see the magical effects of the experiments. I feel like I’m close to space while
watching the live broadcast, ” a primary school student in Beijing told the Global Times after the lecture.
The lecture became one of the most popular topics on Weibo Thursday, with some Web users saying this
visually W3 impressive method of education has made them interested in space science.
The lecture also drew international attention. After the lecture, Wang replied to a letter of greeting from
Barbara Morgan, a female US astronaut who participated in a space teaching program in 2007. “We would like to
join the effort, as you have done, to bring science-loving youth around the world closer to their dreams of
exploring the universe, ” Wang said in the reply, Xinhua reported.
本文主要讲述王亚平空中授课的事迹, 零重力状态下做的实验不仅帮助学生了解了物理概念, 而且显示了
中国对太空技术的自信。
8. We can infer from the passage Wang Yaping did the experiments ______.
A. on her own
B. in an environment without gravity
C. only to amuse the students
D. only to show China’s maturing space technologies
B。【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段和第四段的内容可知, 王亚平是在零重力状态下做这些实验, 并且是
在聂海胜和张晓光的帮助下完成的。这些实验可以帮助学生了解物理概念并且显示中国对太空技术的自
信。由此可知选B。29. We can say this lecture is ______.
A. impressive but ridiculous
B. creative but impractical
C. interesting and educational
D. educational but boring
C【解析】推理判断题。从倒数第二段可知答案。
30. According to the passage, we know Barbara Morgan ______.
A. is a woman astronaut from America
B. once taught Wang Yaping how to deliver a speech in space
C. was the first woman in US to be sent in space
D. once trained with Wang Yaping
A【解析】细节理解题。从最后一段第二句可知答案。
31. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. The Shenzhou-X class spacecraft.
B. Wang Yaping’s space class.
C. The international influence of China’s space exploration.
D. China’s outstanding astronauts.
B【解析】主旨大意题。本文主要讲了王亚平的空中授课以及它的影响。故选B。
第二节
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Like many young children, Vikas Jyani dreamed of 1. __________ (be) a pilot as a boy. Living in a small
village called Sarangpur in Hisar district, he did not let go of that dream and after years of struggle, 2.
__________(succeed) in becoming a pilot. It was what he did after achieving his dream 3. __________ would
make headlines in the news.
With him growing up, the elders of the village always encouraged him 4. __________(go) for his dreams. 5.
__________ turn, he promised them that when he did become a pilot, he would take all of them together for a ride
in a plane. And that was 6. __________(exact) what pilot Vikas Jyani did when the time came. He arranged for
plane 7. __________(ticket) for all the 22 elders over the age of 70 years old in the village. The eldest was 90
years old, and the youngest 72 years, most of 8. __________had never been on a plane in their lives and never
thought there was a 9. __________ (possible) that they would take in the view from above the clouds.
All the elders got to travel from New Delhi to Amritsar where they got to see the Golden Temple, Jallianwala
Bagh and Wagah Border. Flying in a plane 10. __________ (describe)as the best experience of their lives by many
of the elders.
本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Vikas Jyani从小就有当飞行员的梦想, 村里的老人也都鼓励他为梦想努力, 他
答应实现梦想后带着全村的老人坐一次飞机。他的梦想实现了, 也兑现了自己的诺言。
1.being【解析】考查非谓语动词。dream of doing sth. 意为“梦想做某事”。故填being。
2.succeeded 【解析】考查动词时态。 succeed在此是谓语动词与did not let 并列, 所以应用一般过去时。
故填succeeded。3.that【解析】考查强调句。It was +强调部分+that. . . 为强调结构, 此处强调部分是 what he did after
achieving his dream。故填that。
4. to go【解析】考查非谓语动词。encourage sb. to do sth. 意为“鼓励某人做某事”。故填to go。
5.In【解析】考查介词。 in turn 为固定搭配, 意为“反过来”。故填In。
6.exactly【解析】考查副词。 修饰动词应用副词形式。故填exactly。
7.tickets【解析】考查名词复数。ticket是可数名词, 后面是为22个老人买的飞机票, 所以应用复数形式。
故填tickets。
8.whom【解析】考查定语从句。此处______had never been on a plane in their lives and . . . 是定语从句, 关系
词在定语从句中作of的宾语, 指人应用whom。
9.possibility【解析】考查名词。在there be 后应用名词。故填possibility。
10.was described【解析】考查动词时态和语态。 describe 与主语Flying in a plane是被动关系, 且叙述的是
过去的事情, 所以应用一般过去时且使用被动语态。故填was described。
