文档内容
Unit 4 Adversity and Courage
目标导航
重点词汇 阅读单词
1．adversity n．困境；逆境
2．expedition n．探险；远征；探险队
3．endurance n．忍耐力；耐久力
4．steward n．(轮船、飞机或火车上的)乘务员；服务员
5．crush vt.毁坏；压坏；压碎n.拥挤的人群
6．stove n．炉具；厨房灶具
7．belongings n．[pl.]财物；动产
8．banjo n．班卓琴(乐器)
9．miserable adj.痛苦的；令人难受的
10．voyage n．& vi.航海；航行
11．cosy adj.温馨的；舒适的
12．selfish adj.自私的
13．good/bad-tempered adj.脾气好的/坏的
14．rugby n．橄榄球运动
15．rough adj.汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的
16．navigator n．领航员；(飞机、船舶等上的)航行者
17．Confucianism n．孔子学说；儒家(学说)
18．Antarctica南极洲
19．the Antarctic南极地区
20．the South Pole南极
重点单词
1．wage n．工资
2．bitter adj.严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的
3．vigour n．精力；力量；活力
4．cupboard n．橱柜；壁橱；衣柜
5．sink vi.沉没；下沉；下降vt.使下沉；使沉没
6．abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃
7．blanket n．毯子
8．navy n．海军；海军部队
9．decent adj.相当不错的；正派的；得体的10．genuine adj.真正的；真诚的；可信赖的
11．crew n．(轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员；专业团队；一群人
12．thorough adj.深入的；彻底的；细致的
13．furniture n．家具
14．bark vi.& n．(狗)吠叫；吠叫声
15．bat n．球拍；蝙蝠vi.& vt.用球板击球；挥打；拍打
16．damp adj.潮湿的；湿气重的
17．recreation n．娱乐；消遣；游戏
18．nephew n．侄子；外甥
19．loyal adj.忠诚的；忠实的
20．motor n．发动机；马达 adj.有引擎的；机动车的
21．candidate n．候选人；应试者
22．episode n．(人生的)一段经历；(小说的)片段；插曲
23．motive n．动机；原因；目的
词汇拓展 1．qualified adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→qualify vt.(使)具有资格；
(使)合格→qualification n．资格；资历；资格证书
2．enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的→enthusiastically adv.热情地→enthusiasm n．热情；热
忱
3．aboard adv.& prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)→board v．上船(或火车、飞机、公共汽
车等)；寄宿n.木板；董事会；伙食
4．assign vt.分派；布置；分配→assignment n．任务；作业；分配
5．envy n．& vt.羡慕；妒忌→envious adj.嫉妒的；羡慕的
6．perseverance n．毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神→persevere vi.坚持；孜孜以求
7．resolve vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n．决心；坚定的信念→resolution n．决
议；解决；坚定
8．cruel adj.残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的→cruelly adv.残忍地；残酷地→cruelty n．残忍；残
酷
9．unfortunately adv.不幸地；遗憾地→fortunately adv.幸运地→fortune n．运气；财产
10．guidance n．指导；引导；导航→guide n．导游；指南vt.带领；引导；为……领路
11．advertising n．广告活动；广告业→advertise vt.& vi.公布；宣传；做广告
→advertisement n．广告；宣传
12．corporate adj.公司的；法人的；社团的→corporation n．(大)公司；法人
13．commitment n．承诺；保证；奉献→commit vt.犯(错误、罪行等) vi.& vt.(使)承担义
务；(使)作出保证→committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的
重点词组 1．turn sb.down拒绝(某人)
2．make fire生火3．give off放出(热、光、气味或气体)
重点句型 1．We have been struggling for days，but things on Elephant Island are going from bad to
worse.
这些天我们一直在挣扎，但是大象岛上的情况变得更糟了。
2．It will eventually lead to success as long as you persevere.
只要你坚持，你最终会成功。
3．What if they were delayed?
如果他们被延误了怎么办？
4．If it weren’t for sea animals，we would all starve.
要是没有海上的动物，我们都会饿死的。
知识精讲
知识点01 enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)He is selfish and bad-tempered.Thus，he will never be enthusiastic helping those in trouble.
(2)While he is leading a miserable life，he still can treat people around him with (enthusiastic)．
【答案】1.about 2.enthusiasm
•be enthusiastic about (doing) sth.对(做)……热情
•enthusiasm n．热情；热忱
lack/be full of enthusiasm缺乏/充满热情
with enthusiasm热情地
•enthusiastically adv.热情地；热心地
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)我不仅热情而且容易相处，这使得我适合报纸上所刊登的志愿者工作。
I am not only enthusiastic but also easy to get along with，which makes me qualified for the voluntary work
advertised in the newspaper.
(4)尽管失败了几次，伯纳德和杰克仍然热情地做爆米花。(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)
Bernard and Jack still made popcorn enthusiastically/with enthusiasm in spite of several failures.
知识点2 aboard adv.& prep.上船、飞机、公共汽车等
•go aboard上船(飞机、火车等)
•board vt.& vi.上船(或火车、飞机、公共汽车等) n．木板；董事会；伙食on board 在船(火车或飞机)上
•broad adj.宽阔的；广阔的
•abroad adv.在/到国外；在/到海外
go abroad出国
能力提升——完美写作·完成句子/一句多译·背诵
(1)他高个，宽肩，留着胡子，总是满面微笑。(读后续写之外貌描写)
He was tall with broad shoulders and a beard and always wore a broad smile.
(2)得知你将去国外深造，我写信告知你一些必要的注意事项。(应用文之告知信)
Learning that you will go abroad for further study，I’m writing to inform you of some necessary do’s and don’ts.
(3)这对年轻夫妇一上船，他们就吃东西，说话，大笑着，好像他们是这世界上仅存的人。
①The instant the young couple went aboard the ship，they were eating，talking and laughing loudly as if they
were the only people in the world.(aboard)
②The instant the young couple boarded the ship，they were eating，talking and laughing loudly as if they were
the only people in the world.(board)
知识点3 envy n.& vt.羡慕；嫉妒
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)I was green envy from the bottom of my heart because he was leading a cosy and decent life.
(2)I (envy) him being enthusiastic and full of vigour and it seemed that he never felt exhausted.
【答案】1.with 2.envied
•envy sb.(doing) sth.羡慕/嫉妒某人(做)某事
•with envy羡慕地；嫉妒地
green with envy嫉妒地眼红
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)老实说，我真羡慕你获得了优秀毕业生的称号，我应该向你学习。
Honestly speaking，I do envy you getting the title of the Excellent Graduate and I should follow your example.
(4)李明不仅学得快，而且善于用逻辑思维解决难题，我都有点眼红了。
Not only is Li Ming quick at learning but also he is good at solving tough problems with logical mind.I am green
with envy.
知识点4 abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃
n．放任；放纵
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)He abandoned (ask) for his guidance，which was beyond our expectations.
(2)My nephew abandoned himself to (abuse) drugs and he couldn’t make a commitment to his study.【答案】1.asking2.abusing
•abandon oneself to (doing) sth.沉湎于(做)……；纵情于(做)……
abandon doing sth.放弃做某事
•abandoned adj.被遗弃的；放纵的
be abandoned to (doing) sth.沉湎于(做)……
再提能力——完美写作·句式升级·背诵
(3)(普通表达)I abandoned myself to computer games.I performed extremely badly in the end-of-term examination.
①( 高 级 表 达 )Abandoning myself to computer games ， I performed extremely badly in the end-of-term
examination.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
②(高级表达)Abandoned to computer games，I performed extremely badly in the end-of-term examination.(用过
去分词短语作状语改写)
知识点5 resolve vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难)
n．决心；坚定的信念
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)I resolved (turn) down his invitation because my teacher assigned too much homework.
(2)The steward has (resolve) many problems on the plane perfectly，so he is certainly qualified for
his job.
【答案】1.to turn2.resolved
•resolve to do sth.决定做某事
•resolution n.决定；解决
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)文化遗产代表我们祖先的智慧，因此我们国家决定不遗余力地保护它们。(写作话题之文化遗产与保护)
Cultural relics represent the wisdom of our ancestors，so our country has resolved to spare no effort to protect
them.
(4)为了解决冲突，我们应该学会多沟通，把自己放在别人的位置上。(写作话题之人际沟通)
To resolve conflicts，we should learn to communicate more and put ourselves in others’ place.
知识点6 unfortunately adv.不幸地；遗憾地
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1) (unfortunate)，I still failed in spite of endurance and perseverance.
(2) (fortunate)，I managed to join the navy and went on a voyage two months later.
【答案】1.Unfortunately2.Fortunately
•unfortunate adj.不幸的
•fortunate adj.幸运的be fortunate to do sth./in doing sth.有幸做某事
•fortunately adv.幸运地
•fortune n．机遇；运气；财富
have the good fortune to do sth.有幸做某事
make a fortune发财；发迹
再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(3)我有幸得到一次沿丝绸之路旅行的宝贵机会。
①I am fortunate to get/in getting a precious opportunity to travel along the Silk Road.(fortunate)
②I have the good fortune to get a precious opportunity to travel along the Silk Road.(fortune)
知识点7 what if...
What if they were delayed? 如果他们被延误了怎么办？
•What if...？意为“要是……会怎么样，如果……将会怎样”，可以看作“What will happen
if...？”的省略形式。
•What/How about...？……怎么样？
•What(...) for？为什么？/(……)是干什么用的？
•So what？那又怎么样？
根据句意用上述短语填空
(1)I grew anxious： the family had simply left the cat behind?
(2)—Will you please go and empty that drawer?
— ?
(3)—Linda didn’t invite us to the party.
— ? I don’t care.
(4) meeting at the nearby restaurant so that we can have a nice small talk?
【答案】1.what if2.What for3.So what4.How/What about
知识点8 if引导的虚拟语气
If it weren’t for sea animals，we would all starve.
要是没有海上的动物，我们都会饿死的。本句为if引导的虚拟条件句，叙述与现在事实相反的假设。虚拟语气在if虚拟条件句中
的运用如下：
虚拟条件句 主句
与现在事实相反 动词的过去式(be动词一 would/could/should/might＋动
的假设 般用were) 词原形
与过去事实相反 would/could/should/might＋
had＋过去分词
的假设 have＋过去分词
(1)动词的过去式
与将来事实相反 would/could/should/might＋动
(2)were to＋动词原形
的假设 词原形
(3)should＋动词原形
能力提升——完美写作·语段填空/单句写作·背诵
(1)受邀在这里做演讲我感到荣幸。今天我的演讲主题是“如果我是一名环卫工人”。如果我是一名环卫工
人，我会让我们的城市更干净，街上没有任何垃圾。
I feel honored to be invited here to deliver a speech.Today the topic of my speech is “If I were a dustman”．If I
were a dustman ， I would make our city cleaner with no rubbish lying on the street.
(2)如果我早听从你的建议，我就会通过这场重要的考试了。
If I had followed your advice ， I would have passed the important exam .
(3)如果我明天看到他，我就会告诉他我在昨天举行的比赛中获得第一名的好消息。
If I saw/were to see/should see him tomorrow ， I would inform him of the good news that I ranked first in the
competition held yesterday.
语法精讲
现在完成进行时
【观察例句】
1．People have been enjoying the benefits of cycling in Amsterdam for years.
2．Many people around the world have been enjoying city centre streets without cars for many years.
3．He has been fighting with a friend.
4．I have been looking for a job for three months.
5．I have been writing letters all this evening and I've just finished them.
6．You haven't been doing your homework those days.
【归纳用法】
一、意义
现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，可能还要继续进行下去。
二、构成肯定形式：have/has＋been doing(第三人称单数用has，其他人称用have)
I have been waiting for you.我一直在等你。
否定形式：have/has＋not＋been doing
He hasn't been using the car for the last two months.过去两个月他一直没用车。
三、用法
1．表示动作从过去某时开始一直持续到说话时还在进行，或可能还要继续下去。通常和“for＋时间段”
或“since＋时间点(或从句)”的时间状语连用。
It has been snowing for three hours.
雪已经下了三个小时了。(从过去某一时间开始下雪，强调到现在还在下)
2．表示不久前刚刚结束的动作。这种意义通常根据上下文来判断。
Her eyes are red. It's obvious that she has been crying for a long time.
她的眼睛红红的，显然哭了很长时间。
3．强调动作延续时间的长久或带感情色彩。
She has always been working hard.她工作一直很努力。
4．表示这段时间反复发生的事情。
I have been visiting some cities of China this month.这个月我一直在参观中国的一些城市。
[名师点津]
不能用于进行时的动词如表示心理活动、属性拥有、表象感官、行为结果的动词不用于现在完成进行
时。
我已经感冒两周了。
I have been having a cold for two weeks. (×)
I have had a cold for two weeks. (√)
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①They (build) the bridge for two months.
②He (play) basketball since he was ten.
【答案】1. have been building2.has been playing
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The Chinese government (do) research into vaccine (疫苗) against African Swine Fever for
months，recently many have received the first doses.
2．The dollar (climb) steadily all week.
3．I (wait) for an hour and a half.
4．She is very tired. She (work) all morning.
5．Jim (phone) Jenny every night for the past week.
6．They (build) the bridge for two months.
7．The telephone (ring) in the office all the morning.
8．In the past few years，he (deal) with a few international companies.
9．She is tired. She (type) letters all the afternoon.10．He (write) a letter this morning and sent it to his friend.
【答案】1.has been doing2.has been climbing3.have been waiting4.has been working5.has been phoning6.have
been building7.has been ringing8.has been dealing9.has been typing10.has written
Ⅱ.短文语法填空
My wish is 1. (go) to a key university. I 2. (study) for many years. But I am poor 3.
English since I went to junior school. My English teacher told me to insist
4. listening and writing. I 5. (learn) English every morning to improve it. Because I 6.
(waste) a lot of time，it was hard to catch up with other students. After
7. (go) to high school，I 8. (stay) up late into the night and 9. (get) up early in
the morning. I 10. (write) two compositions every day. I think I should spare no effort to improve my
English and achieve my dream.
【 答 案 】 1.to go2.have been studying3.in 4.on 5.have been learning6.have wasted7.going8.have been
staying9.have been getting10.have been writing
写作园地
人物描写
本单元写作项目是描述一个有毅力的人物，属于人物描写的写作范畴。
[基本框架]
1．开头(beginning)——总体介绍
2．主体(body)——详细介绍
3．结尾(ending)——简要总结
[常用词块]
1．be keen on 喜欢……
2．adapt himself to...使自己适应……
3．have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.做某事有困难
4．be eager/thirty/dying to do sth.渴望做某事
5．gain reputation for获得……荣誉
6．have a talent/gift for...有……天赋
[常用语句]
★精彩开头
1．Allan Stewart，of Australian nationality，was born on March 7th，1915.
艾伦·斯图尔特，澳大利亚国籍，1915年3月7日出生。
2．Born in 1911 in Shanghai，Qian Xuesen is one of the greatest scientists in the world.
钱学森，1911年生于上海，是世界上最伟大的科学家之一。
3．Born into a rich family in Shanghai on Nov. 4th，1933，Charles Kuen Kao showed great interest in doing
different experiments during his childhood.
1933年11月4日出生于上海一个富裕的家庭，高锟从小就对做不同的实验表现出极大的兴趣。★正文佳句
1．He is clever as well as friendly.
他既聪明又友好。
2．He is such an honest man that all think highly of him.
他是如此诚实的一个人，以至于所有人都高度评价他。
3．His modesty leaves us a deep impression.
他的谦虚给我们留下了深刻印象。
★余味结尾
1．All in all，in my view，Yang has a good future considering his ability and faith.
总之，在我看来，考虑到他的能力和信念，杨有一个美好的未来。
2．Not only did she make great contributions to the world of science but she is regarded as the greatest
woman scientist on account of what she did.
她不仅为科学界做出了巨大贡献，而且因为她的所作所为她被认为是最伟大的女科学家。
3．His scientific achievement has shaped the foundations of today's communication.
他的科学成就为今天的通信奠定了基础。
请根据以下信息，介绍一位热门人物。
姓 名：莫言(管谟业)
出生日期：1955年2月17日
出 生 地：山东省高密市一个穷苦人家
兴趣爱好：自幼喜欢阅读、书法(calligraphy)
性格特征：开朗、幽默
主要成就：2011年凭借《蛙》获中国最高文学奖“茅盾文学奖”；
2012年获诺贝尔文学奖(Nobel Prize in Literature)。
评 价：第一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的中国作家，被誉为是对中国文学做出巨大贡献的作家之一。
【参考范文】
Born into a poor family in Gaomi，Shandong Province on February 17，1955，Mo Yan，whose original
name is Guan Moye，showed great interest in reading and calligraphy in his early years. What's more，not only is
he outgoing but he also has a strong sense of humor.With a talent for literature，he won China's highest literature
prize，Mao Dun Literature Prize by his book Frog in 2011. To all Chinese's excitement，a year later he became
the first Chinese writer to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature，which will certainly make great contributionsto the development of Chinese literature.
分层提分
题组A 基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)(每小题1分，共8分)
1．As far as I’m concerned，the new roommate is honest， ，enthusiastic and full of vigour.
2．When you get off the bus，do keep in mind that you must take your .
3．Welcome to one of the largest collections of shoes in the world that will make you green with .
4． ，instead of hitting the ball，he hit his own false teeth!
5．Our head teacher requested us to do some (彻底的) cleaning before class the next day.
6．Under the (指导) of our teacher，we finished the experiment perfectly.
7．Please send us all the information that you have about the (s) (应试者) for the position.
8． (遗弃) by his owner，the little dog was leading a miserable life.
【答案】1.genuine2.belongings3.envy4.Unfortunately5.thorough6.guidance7.candidate(s)8.Abandoned
Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)(每小题2分，共14分)
9．Today I am as about my job as the first day and my enables me to treat my job
.(enthusiastic)
10．Believe it or not，my husband treated me and his always made me in low spirits.
(cruel)
11．Instead of to lose weight，try a practical ：“I’ll stop having dessert for lunch.”
(resolve)
12． ，he received a large from his uncle who is warm-hearted and generous.(fortunate)
13．He himself to working day and night.His won him a great reputation.(commit)
14．He with his violin lessons.It was his that enabled him to become a distinguished
violinist.(persevere)
15．He has educational and hence he is well for the job as a tutor.(qualify)
【答案】9.enthusiasm ，enthusiastically10.cruelly ，cruelty 11.resolving ，resolution12.Fortunately，fortune
13.committed ，commitment 14.persevered ，perseverance 15.qualifications ，qualified
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题5分，共20分)
16．我一直梦想着被一所重点大学录取。
I .
17．只要你采纳我的建议，你一定会在北京上大学期间拥有最难忘的经历。
，you are bound to have the most unforgettable experience during your college in Beijing.
18．要是我学习英语时遇到许多困难怎么办？
when I study English?19．如果我是你，我肯定会充分利用时间来提高我的学业成绩。
，I would certainly make full use of the time to improve my academic performance.
【答案】16.have been dreaming of being admitted to a key university17.As long as you take my advice18.What if
I come across many difficulties 19.If I were you
题组B 能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空——复习本单元Reading and Thinking部分
An expedition to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest Shackleton is an adventure that I
1. (dream) of.However,2. I applied to join the expedition，Shackleton turned me down
because he thought I was too young and wasn’t 3. (qualify)，so I had no choice but to secretly go
aboard his ship，the Endurance.Later I 4. (discover) and Shackleton had to assign me to be
5. steward.The journey wasn’t very easy，for the Endurance was stuck in the ice as we approached
Antarctica.And when the ship sank，our hearts sank with it.Before we abandoned the ship，Shackleton
6. (calm) told us to rescue our most essential supplies and he 7. (he) threw away all his
gold.He allowed Hussey to keep his banjo，8. made us surprised.We had been struggling for days，but
things were going from bad to worse.Soon after we arrived at Elephant Island ，Shackleton left us to find
help.Sometimes we were able to catch a seal or a penguin to eat.I tried to think of 9. (happy) things.I
was grateful for Frank and Ernest’s genuine concern for others.Their 10. (persevere) and their resolve
filled me with hope.
【答案】
1.have been dreaming2.when 3.qualified4.was discovered5.a 6.calmly7.himself8.which 9.happier10.perseverance
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子
为本单元的语法项目：现在完成进行时)
Born in a wealthy family，my nephew，Jack，led such a thoroughly decent and cosy life that he hardly
met with cruel adversities.He has been dreaming of an adventure since he was young.At 18，Jack 1.
to join an expedition advertised in the newspaper，but the leader turned him down because he thought Jack
was not 2. .Full of vigour，Jack never abandoned his dream for he was so 3. about a
great voyage.At 19，he joined the navy and was assigned to be a steward with low wages.On a bitter cold
day，the crew went 4. a massive ship bound for Atlantic Ocean.Jack was genuine，good-tempered
and loyal and he wasn’t selfish，either.He often played the banjo for recreation.So those on the ship all liked
him.Unfortunately，one day，the motor broke down and the ship got crushed on a huge iceberg.When the ship
sank，their hearts also 5. .At that time，the calm captain made a commitment to save them and
commanded them to throw away their belongings such as stoves，blankets，bats，cupboards and other pieces
of furniture.Finally，they were 6. enough to escape the ship.It was their endurance，resolution and
perseverance that helped them survive.On the distant island，Jack managed to make fire with animal fat，
which gave off a smelly smell and then he cooked sea animals.One month later，they were saved by a passing
ship.In summary，it has been a miserable but unforgettable episode in Jack’s life.【答案】1.resolved 2.qualified3.enthusiastic 4.aboard 5.sank6.fortunate
题组C 培优拔尖练
Ⅰ.完形填空
[一]
My father，a soldier，was deployed(调度) again.The ukulele I had watched him play was 1 .The musical
instrument sat there lifeless.
It came as a 2 because we had just moved into the present duty station a few weeks before.Still， 3
was the thing that connected my father with Hawaii，a 4 of his home and culture.We learned about our
ancestors and family traditions 5 through his music.
This time，we were finally “home” in Hawaii and expected to 6 a place that we’d only heard about in
my parents’ stories.We were just arriving，but he was already 7 to leave again，this time without
us.Suddenly，we were surrounded by strange relatives and a cultural tradition of which we only knew the
surface.We were 8 in the family.The person who made us fit，our father，was gone.That was when I 9
my father’s ukulele.As I plucked(弹拨) the strings tunelessly，I felt 10 to him and our Hawaiian roots.So I
picked up an old song book，and I 11 myself to play.I would play and sing，as if my father had been
here.After my father returned，he was 12 that I had learned so much.But what I really gained 13 of was
that music has the 14 to do truly extraordinary things 15 us to our culture and each other，our past and
our present.
语篇解读 本文是记叙文，主题语境是“人与自我”。作者在与父亲分开的时间里，通过弹奏尤克里里琴
维系着与父亲的联系，并通过音乐对自己的祖先与文化有了更深刻的认识。
1．A.polished B．tidied C．abandoned D．sold
C【解析】根据下文中的“The musical instrument sat there lifeless.”可知，作者的父亲被调到其他地方，父
亲之前弹奏的尤克里里琴就被遗弃在一边。abandon舍弃，丢弃，符合语境。polish擦亮；tidy整理；sell
卖。
2．A.surprise B．puzzle C．challenge D．relief
A【解析】根据下文中的“because we had just moved into the present duty station a few weeks before”和“We
were just arriving，but he was already to leave again，this time without us.”可知，作者他们几周前
才搬来现在的地方，父亲就又被调度了，而且这次还不带作者他们，因此父亲这次的离开让作者他们感到
惊讶(surprise)。
3．A.time B．duty C．music D．distance
C【解析】根据上文中的“The ukulele I had watched him play”及下文中的“through his music”“music has the
to do truly extraordinary things”可知，此处指音乐(music)把作者的父亲和夏威夷联系起来，是能够让作者的
父亲回忆起祖先和家族传统的事物。
4．A.symbol B．reminder C．memory D．review
B【解析】参见上题解析。reminder引起回忆的事物，提醒人的事物，符合语境。5．A.mostly B．casually C．accidentally D．secretly
A【解析】作者他们主要(mostly)是通过作者父亲的音乐来了解他们的祖先和家族传统的。casually随便
地；accidentally偶然地；secretly秘密地。
6．A.look for B．fit into C．take in D．catch at
B【解析】根据第三段中的“we were finally ‘home’ in Hawaii”“we’d only heard about in my parents’ stories”可
知，作者他们最终定居在夏威夷，他们期望能融入这个以前只在父母讲的故事中听过的地方。fit into适
应，与……融为一体，符合语境。look for寻找；take in吸收，理解；catch at试图抓住。
7．A.disappointed B．prepared C．anxious D．hesitant
B【解析】作者一家刚刚到达这里，父亲却又准备(prepare)离开了，而且这一次父亲是独自离开不带着他
们。
8．A.visitors B．relatives C．acquaintances D．foreigners
D【解析】作者他们在这个家族里像是外来人(foreigner)。visitor游客；relative亲戚；acquaintance熟人，泛
泛之交。
9．A.received B．noticed C．recognized D．needed
B【解析】那个时候作者注意到(notice)了父亲的尤克里里琴。
10．A.closer B．stranger C．familiar D．superior
A【解析】根据下文中的“I would play and sing，as if my father had been here.”可知，作者拨动琴弦，感觉
自己和父亲离得更近(closer)了。
11．A.persuaded B．inspired C．taught D．told
C【解析】作者挑选了一本以前的乐谱，开始自学弹奏尤克里里琴。teach oneself 自学，符合语境。
persuade说服；inspire激励；tell告诉。
12．A.shocked B．confident C．curious D．annoyed
A【解析】根据下文中的“I had learned so much”可知，父亲得知作者学习了这么多东西时，感到很惊讶。
shocked震惊的；confident自信的；curious好奇的；annoyed恼怒的。
13．A.control B．possession C．command D．knowledge
D【解析】此处与上文中的“learned so much”相呼应，表示作者真正学到的知识是，音乐有惊人的力量
(power)。knowledge知识，学问，学识，符合语境。
14．A.potential B．sense C．privilege D．power
D【解析】参见上题解析。
15．A.exposing B．tying C．expressing D．introducing
B【解析】音乐能将作者一家和他们的文化，他们的过去和现在联系(tie)在一起。expose使暴露；express
表达；introduce介绍。
[二]
The teachers I know didn’t expect how 1 this remote teaching would be.There are so many 2 that
arise：families not responding，students who can’t 3 new platforms，new platforms not doing what theyare 4 to do.The list goes on.
But that’s just from the teacher’s 5 .Principals(校长) have to hear the teachers’ issues，and they have to
help parents 6 their kid in the virtual classroom，getting 7 daily from the district，finding devices for
everyone，and much more.
Our principal’s work was incredibly hard before the world turned upside down.Now，she’s dealing with it
all， 8 teachers，parents，and students，while 9 what the district is carrying out.There are sleepless
nights and 10 stress.
I organized a little 11 today from the staff building.We were all on campus today to drive through the
local neighborhood with signs on our cars，pressing our horns and 12 at our students in their yards and on
their porches.I asked the staff to bring 13 for our principal：paper towels，hand sanitizer，latex gloves，
masks，and some other 14 things.Others brought wine and chocolate.
We couldn’t take all her 15 off her back，but we could show her that we love and appreciate her.
语篇解读 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。校长每天的工作非常繁忙，压力非常大。于是职工们在校园组织了
一个自驾车队到社区宣传，支持校长的工作。
1．A.developed B．hard C．boring D．important
B【解析】developed发展的；hard困难的；boring令人厌烦的；important重要的。根据下文列举的远程教
学遇到的很多问题可知，老师们没想到远程教学如此困难。故选B项。
2．A.advantages B．issues C．lessons D．thoughts
B【解析】句意为：有太多的问题出现了：家庭没有回应，学生不能登上新平台，新平台没有做到他们应
该做的。advantage优点；issue问题；lesson课程；thought想法。故选B项。
3．A.move off B．look after C．turn down D．get on
D【解析】句意见上题解析。move off离开；look after照顾；turn down拒绝；get on上(车、平台等)。故选
D项。
4．A.supposed B．scared C．directed D．believed
A【解析】固定短语be supposed to do 意为“应该，应当”，符合句意。故选A项。
5．A.interest B．career C．effort D．view
D【解析】句意为：但那只是从教师的观点出发。interest兴趣；career职业；effort努力；view观点。故选
D项。
6．A.educate B．praise C．get D．find
C【解析】句意为：校长们必须倾听老师的问题，必须帮助家长们让孩子进入虚拟教室，每天从学区获得
指示，为每个人找到设备，等等。educate教育；praise表扬；get使，让；find找到。故选C项。
7．A.payments B．instructions C．supplies D．instruments
B【解析】句意见上题解析。payment支付；instruction指示；supply供应；instrument乐器。故选B项。
8．A.ignoring B．removing C．avoiding D．handling
D【解析】句意为：现在，她正在处理这一切，她在处理教师、家长和学生的问题，同时也在处理这个地
区正在实施的事情。ignore忽视；remove移走；avoid避免；handle处理。故选D项。9．A.denying B．solving C．delaying D．treasuring
B【解析】句意见上题解析。deny否认；solve解决，处理；delay推迟；treasure珍视，珍藏。故选B项。
10．A.incredible B．frightened C．excited D．joyful
A【解析】句意为：有许多不眠之夜和令人难以置信的压力。incredible难以置信的；frightened害怕的；
excited激动的；joyful高兴的。故选A项。
11．A.drive B．walk C．ride D．race
A【解析】句意为：今天我组织了一个小型的从员工大楼出发的驾车活动。drive驾驶；walk走路；ride骑
车；race比赛。故选A项。
12．A.shouting B．laughing C．waving D．aiming
C【解析】句意为：今天我们都在校园，开车穿过附近的社区，车上贴着标语，按着喇叭，向我们的学生
挥手。shout叫喊；laugh笑；wave挥手；aim瞄准。故选C项。
13．A.clothes B．items C．books D．papers
B【解析】句意为：我让一些职工给校长带上一些物品：纸巾、洗手液、乳胶手套、口罩和其他一些日常
用品。clothes衣服；item物品；book书；paper论文。故选B项。
14．A.daily B．important C．valuable D．colorful
A【解析】句意见上题解析。daily日常的；important重要的；valuable有价值的；colorful多彩的。故选A
项。
15．A.positions B．plans C．routines D．wishes
C【解析】句意为：我们无法把所有的日常工作从她肩上卸下，但我们可以向她表示我们爱她，并感激
她。position位置；plan计划；routine日常工作；wish祝福。故选C项。
Ⅱ.语法填空
There is no doubt that humankind dreams of making Mars our second home.However，sending people there
will require all the skills，courage and 1. (intelligent) of the human race.While the Moon can be reached
within days，it would take months to reach Mars,2. (travel) through dangerous solar radiation.And even if
the first settlers do reach Mars safely，staying alive will be 3. daily challenge，but as proved by the
Biosphere experiment，not impossible.
As early as the 1980s，scientists were building Biosphere 2 in the Arizona desert.It consisted of a closed
space 4. people，animals and plants could live together.The “closed” concept meant that the space was
designed 5. (function) with its own oxygen，food and water，needing nothing from the outside
world.6. the two-year experiment was not a success，it did provide us with a better understanding of
how humans might be able to live on another planet.More recently，scientists 7. (succeed) in growing a
variety of plants in an environment similar to that on Mars.That 8. (definite) is a big step forward.
For now，human settlement of Mars is still 9. (decade) away.In the meantime，scientific research
shows that the planet Earth is getting 10. (warm)．This change is having a terrible effect on the biosphere.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了目前对在火星生活的探索和挑战，最近科学家成功地在类似火星
的环境中种植了多种植物，这绝对是向前迈出的一大步。但人类在火星定居仍需几十年的时间。1 intelligence【解析】考查名词。根据“all the skills，courage and”可知，此处要用名词作require的宾
语，intelligence“智慧”，为抽象名词，不可数。故填intelligence。
2 travelling【解析】考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词would take，故此处要用非谓语动词作状语，
travel是不及物动词，应用现在分词。故填travelling。
3 a
【解析】考查冠词。challenge“挑战”为可数名词，此处泛指“一个”挑战，应用不定冠词，又daily的发
音是以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
4 where【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。此处是一个定语从句，先行词为 a closed space，定语从句中缺
少地点状语，故此处要用关系副词where。故填where。
5 to function【解析】考查动词不定式。句中已有谓语动词was designed，故此处要用非谓语动词；结合语
境可知，此处表目的，应用不定式。故填to function。
6 Although/Though/While【解析】考查连词。根据此句和下文“it did provide us”可知，此上下文表示让
步，因此要用连词although/though/while，位于句首首字母要大写。故填Although/Though/While。
7 have succeeded【解析】考查时态。此处为句子的谓语动词，根据 More recently可知，应用现在完成
时，且主语为scientists，助动词应用have。故填have succeeded。
8 definitely【解析】考查副词。句意为：这绝对是向前迈出的一大步。此处要用副词修饰谓语动词is。故
填definitely。
9 decades【解析】考查名词的单复数。句意为：目前，人类在火星定居仍需几十年的时间。decade“十
年”是可数名词，根据句意可知，此处应用复数形式。故填decades。
10 warmer【解析】考查形容词的比较级。分析句子可知，此处应用形容词作表语，结合常识和“is
getting”可知，地球正在变得越来越暖，故应用比较级。故填warmer。
