文档内容
练习 39 语法填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.语法填空
2022·牡丹江一中月考 186词 ★★★☆☆
Tianwen 1, China's first 1.________ (independence) Mars mission, was launched on July 23
at Wenchang Space Launch Center in Hainan Province, thus 2.________ (begin) the nation's
planetary (行星的) exploration program.
If everything goes according 3.________ schedule, the 5metricton spacecraft, consisting of
an orbiter (轨道飞行器) and a landing capsule, will 4.________ (travel) more than 400 million
kilometers before getting 5.________ (catch) in Mars' gravitational field. The mission's main goal
is for the rover to make a soft landing on Martian soil to make scientific surveys.
The spacecraft has begun to conduct 6.________ (experiment) with the Mars Energetic
Particle Analyzer, mounted (安置) on the orbiter, which has already transmitted data back to the
ground control.
It is the first of the 13 scientific devices on the probe to 7.________ (start) operations and
will be 8.________ longestworking device during the journey toward Mars' gravitational field.
On July 27, Tianwen 1 sent a photo back to the ground control of Earth and the moon that
was 9.________ (take) by its optical navigation sensor when the craft was about 1.2 million
kilometers from Earth. That photo is the first image from the spacecraft 10.________ has been
made public.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2022·全国甲卷 说明文 325词 ★★★★☆
Goffin's cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have
similar shaperecognition abilities to a human twoyearold. Though not known to use tools in the
wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment,
cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a
“keyhole” in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose
from. Inserting, the correct “key” would let out the nut.
In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it
will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes.
This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit
is called an “allocentric frame of reference”. In the experiment, Goffin's cockatoos were able to
select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. Where trialanderror was
used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. This indicates that Goffin's cockatoos
do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two-
yearold babies.
The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely
entirely on visual clues (线索), or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.1．How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment?
A．By following instructions.
B．By using a tool.
C．By turning the box around.
D．By removing the lid.
2．Which task can human oneyearolds most likely complete according to the text?
A．Using a key to unlock a door.
B．Telling parrots from other birds.
C．Putting a ball into a round hole.
D．Grouping toys of different shapes.
3．What does the followup test aim to find out about the cockatoos?
A．How far they are able to see.
B．How they track moving objects.
C．Whether they are smarter than monkeys.
D．Whether they use a sense of touch in the test.
4．Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Cockatoos：Quick Error Checkers
B．Cockatoos：Independent Learners
C．Cockatoos：Clever SignalReaders
D．Cockatoos：Skilful ShapeSorters
B
2022·湖北七校联考 议论文 325词 ★★★☆☆
Standing in my office 25 years ago was an unknown, newly rising astronomer with a half-
smile on her face. She had come with a demand that my team change our tested software to make
one of our most important and indemand scientific instruments do something it had never been
designed for, and risk breaking it down. All to carry out an experiment that was basically a waste
of time and couldn't be done—to prove that a massive black hole hid at the center of our Milky
Way.
My initial “no way” gradually gave way in the face of her cheerful but firm determination. It
was my first encounter with a force of nature, Andrea Ghez, one of three winners of the Nobel
Prize for Physics in 2020. That determination and the willingness to take calculated risks has
always characterized Andrea. For 25 years she has focused almost only on Sagittarius A—the
name of our own local super massive black hole. And Andrea is one of the great pioneers in this
search without question.
Andrea did her work at the W．M. Keck Observatory's twin telescopes on Maunakea,
Hawaii. She started using the very first instrument licensed on Keck Observatory's Near Infrared
Camera (NIRC). NIRC was never designed to do what Andrea needed but she was not to be
denied. And it worked! It was extremely hard and timeconsuming to make sense of the data, but
Andrea persisted.
As Andrea would be the very first to acknowledge, this victory represents the combined
efforts of so many. But actually one person had the idea for the research. One person had the
chutzpah (无所顾忌) to propose it and one person had the determination and focus to make it
happen, not discouraged by all who said it was a waste of time. That person is Andrea Ghez,
winner of the 2020 Nobel Prize for Physics.5．What did the author think of Andrea Ghez's request at first?
A．It's demanding. B．It's interesting.
C．It's acceptable. D．It's meaningless.
6．What do we learn about Andrea Ghez's research from Paragraph 2?
A．It takes decades of efforts.
B．It deals with power of nature.
C．It's a purely individual project.
D．It's about measurement of a hole.
7．Which of the following best describes Andrea Ghez's work in Hawaii?
A．Dangerous. B．Pleasant.
C．Challenging. D．Fruitless.
8．What do we learn from Andrea Ghez's success?
A．It is rewarding to cooperate.
B．The old methods still work today.
C．It pays to put theory into practice.
D．Persistence leads to success.
答题策略
语法填空——名词
名词题的解题步骤
Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia's biggest building, and fancy new
例题
hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top________ (attract)．
根据空白处所填词在句中的成分或作定语的限定词判断是否该填名词(多考查名
①
步 词在句中作主语、宾语、表语，名词还可以作同位语、宾语补足语和状语)
骤 ② 结合句意确定选择何种名词形式
③ 确定名词的数
答 attraction 所填词在句中作表语，并且有物主代词 its修饰，故应用其名词形式。结
案 合句意，应填attraction
