文档内容
Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains.
单元写作指导与演练
【单元话题解读】
本单元的写作情境属于“人与社会”主题范畴中“文学、艺术与体育”这一主题群，
涉及子主题有“中外影视、戏剧等艺术形式中的文化价值和作品赏析；中外文学史上有
代表性的作家和作品”等。常见的写作任务是描述某个寓言故事或讲述一个最爱的故
事。体裁多为记叙文或图表类应用文等。
【写作技巧】
本单元围绕“讲故事”这一话题，介绍如何用英语讲故事。故事大都属于记叙文。一般要
有故事的内容（what）、人物（who）、时间（when）、地点（where）、起因
（why）、和情节发展（how）.要用的时态主要是一般过去时，常用第三人称。讲述故事
时，可按照时间顺序展开。如可用表示时间的词语 once upon a time, one day 引入故
事；用when, then, as soon as 叙述故事的发展；用in the end引出故事的结尾。这些
词语的使用使故事情节紧凑、脉络清晰。
【作文思维导图】
【单元素材积累】
必背句型
◆开头句①Today I'll tell you a famous Chinese story named…
②Have you heard of the story of…?
③Once there lived a fox and a crow. The fox was very cunning
4. Long long ago, an emperor lived in a faraway country.
5. Once upon a time, there was a fox and her baby who lived in the forest together.
◆中间句
①His feet were too badly hurt for him to go on with the race.
②When he wanted to give up，he came up with an idea.
③They laughed at him.
4. Everyone thought it impossible to move the mountains, but he kept trying and never gave
up.
5. Everything tells us that something bad and dangerous is going to happen.
◆结尾句
①From the story,I learned that anything is possible if we work hard!
②When we are in the face of difficulties,what we need to do is to solve them instead of giving up.
③What a meaningful story it is!/How meaningful the story is!
4. From Yu Gong, I learned that...
5. You can never see what’s possible unless you try to make it happen.
◆谚语积累
①Never judge a book by its cover.不要以貌取人。
②How can you see a rainbow without wind and rain?不经历风雨,怎能见彩虹?
③Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.世上无难事，只怕有心人。
连词
first of all, second, third, Finally, as long as, so...that..., Although, though, because, so, all in all，
both...and..., both of, however, but, or, then, that's why/ one of the main reasons, too...to..., what's
more, in addition, in my opinion, as for me, in my eye, besides, last but not least, on the one hand, on
the other hand
写作任务 (Section B 3b)写作任务
假如你是李梅。你的美国笔友 Tom 在昨天的邮件中告诉你, 最近他对中国文化产生了浓
厚的兴趣, 希望你能给他介绍一些经典故事。请你根据下面所给图画, 给Tom 回复一封邮件,
向他讲述司马光砸缸的故事。
要求: 不少于80 词(邮件的开头、结尾已给出, 不计入总词数)。
Sima Guang Hit The tank (缸)
play hide-and-seek (捉迷藏), full of water fall into, he frightened(惊恐的), run, shool for
help
think carefully, pick up, throw...at break, save
Dear Tom,
I’m very happy that you are interested in traditional Chinese stories. Well, let me tell you a famous
one with the name Sima Guang Hit the Tank.
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_________ Do you like the story? What do you think of Sima Guang? I am looking forward to
hearing from you.
Yours,
Li Mei
谋篇布局
1. 审题立意
①题材: 图画作文
②人称: 以第三人称为主
③时态: 以一般过去时为主2. 写作提纲
引入
...let me tell you a famous one with the name Sima Guang Hi
t the Tank.
话题
Sima
Guang 介绍
Once upon a time, there was a boy.../When they were playing
, one child.../He picked up a big stone and threw it at the tank
Hit the 故事
Tank
书写
From the story I know that we should calm down in the face
of difficulties...
感悟
必背例文：
Dear Tom,
I’m very happy that you are interested in traditional Chinese stories. Well, let me tell you a famous
one with the name Sima Guang Hit the Tank.
Once upon a time, there was a boy named Sima Guang. One day, Sima Guang was playing hide-
and-seek with several children in the yard. There was a large tank full of water. When they were
playing, one child accidentally fell into the tank.Other children were so frightened that they started to
cry, running for help. However, Sima Guang thought it over and then had an idea. He picked up a
big stone and threw it at the tank. “Bang!” The tank broke and the water ran out. The child was saved.
How brave and clever the boy was!From the story I know that we should calm down in the face of
difficulties and danger. Then we can come up with good ways to solve problems.
Do you like the story? What do you think of Sima Guang? I am looking forward to hearing from
you.
Yours,
Li Mei
范文剖析
“龟兔赛跑”的故事你听说过吗?兔子和乌龟赛跑,兔子却因为骄傲而输给了乌龟。请以
“The Third Race Between the Hare（兔子） and the Tortoise（乌龟）”为题,用英语简要续写
龟兔赛跑的故事,并谈一谈你从故事中学到了什么。
►►审题指导
1.文体：记叙文2.人称：第三人称
3.时态：一般过去时
►►思路点拨
►►范文赏析
The Third Race Between the Hare and the Tortoise
We all know that the tortoise beat the hare in the first race.
Then they had a second race,and the hare beat the tortoise. Yesterday they had the
third race. The hare ran more quickly than the tortoise at first. Suddenly,① his feet hurt
badly.He had to give up the race. The tortoise found it. Then he put the hare on his back
②and didn't say a word.At last,they reached the end at the same time.
③ I think the tortoise is great.④ They were in a race,but he helped the hare.We should
learn from the tortoise.
The Third Race Between the Hare and the Tortoise 升格技巧
We all know that the tortoise beat the hare in the first 技巧一：巧用 too…to…
race. 结构升格①
Then they had a second race,and the hare beat the 技巧二：巧用 without 结
tortoise. Yesterday they had the third race. The hare ran 构升格②
more quickly than the tortoise at first. Suddenly,① his feet
技巧三：巧用in one's
were too badly hurt for him to go on with the race.He hadto give up the race. The tortoise found it. Then he put the opinion短语升格③
hare on his back ② without saying a word.At last,they
reached the end at the same time.
技巧四：巧用 although
③ In my opinion,the tortoise is great.④ He helped the
引导的让步状语从句升格
hare although they were in a race.We should learn from
④
the tortoise.
【必备范文】
．假设你是阳光中学八年级的学生李平，你的英国笔友Henry向你请教成语“守株待兔”。请你给他写一
封邮件，内容包括：
1. 描述故事；2. 概括寓意。
注意: 1. 词数90左右；2. 邮件中不得出现真实姓名、校名和地名。
参考词汇：野兔hare；树桩tree stump
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1．One possible version:
Dear Henry,
I’m glad to tell you the story of Wait for Wind Falls. In ancient China, there was a poor farmer. He was too
lazy to work hard every day.
One day, while the farmer was working on the farm, a hare ran so fast that it bumped into the tree stump and
died. The farmer was very happy to take the hare home and cooked a delicious meal. From then on, he didn’t work
anymore. He waited near the tree stump for hares day after day until he was dying. Also, the crops in the field all
died because of lack of care.
This story tells us we should not always depend on good luck. The past experience doesn’t always work.
Happy life comes from hard work.
Yours,
Li Ping
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为电子邮件；
②时态：时态为“一般过去时”；③提示：注意不要遗漏材料中给出的要点，注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误。注意上下文
之间的逻辑关系，语意连贯。
[写作步骤]
第一步：表明写作意图。内容是给你的英国笔友Henry介绍成语“守株待兔”的故事内容和寓意。
第二步：具体阐述写作内容。首先描述故事；其次概括寓意。
第三步：书写结语。过去的经验并不总是有效的。幸福的生活来自努力工作。
[亮点词汇]
①too…to…太……而不能……
②from then on从那时起
③day after day日复一日
④because of因为，由于
⑤depend on依靠
[高分句型]
①One day, while the farmer was working on the farm, a hare ran so fast that it bumped into the tree sturmp and
died.（while引导的时间状语从句）
②He waited near the tree sturmp for hares day after day until he was dying.（until引导的时间状语从句）
2．同学们对“愚公移山”的故事一定有着很深的印象吧？请根据本单元所学内容及下面的提示词语，以
“The Story of Yu Gong”为题，把“愚公移山”的故事用英语简要叙述一下，并谈一谈你从故事中学到了什
么。要求：80词左右。开头已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词语：90, move the mountains, Zhi Sou, die, son, grandson, continue, god, be moved, help
The Story of Yu Gong
Once upon a time, there was an old man called Yu Gong.
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2．One possible version:
The Story of Yu Gong
Once upon a time, there was an old man called Yu Gong. Although he was almost 90, he decided to move the
mountains. A “clever” man called Zhi Sou said, “You are too old to move the mountains.” Yu Gong said, “If I die,my sons will still do this. And if my sons die, my grandsons will continue doing this.” Then a god was moved by
Yu Gong. So he sent two gods to help him. From the story, I learned that anything is possible if we work hard!
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，属于话题作文写作；
②时态：时态为“一般过去时”；
③提示：文章开头以及提示的词语已经给出，结合话题讲述《愚公移山》的故事，不要遗漏提示中的“你
从故事中学到了什么”这一要点，可以适当增加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，承接短文开头，引出《愚公移山》的故事；
第二步，根据提示的单词简要叙述一下《愚公移山》的故事内容；
第三步，抒发你对故事的感悟并书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①too…to do…太……以至于不能做……
②anything is possible凡事皆有可能
[高分句型]
①Although he was almost 90, he decided to move the mountains.（although引导让步状语从句）
②A “clever” man called Zhi Sou said, “You are too old to move the mountains.”（过去分词作定语）
③From the story, I learned that anything is possible if we work hard!（that引导宾语从句，if引导条件状语从
句）
3．假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Lisa来信说她最近正在学习汉语，在学习过程中遇到"程门立雪"（
Cheng Men Li Xue）这一成语，不解其意，请你根据下面图片提示，用英语给她回信，简要叙述这个成语
故事，并谈谈自己的理解和感悟。
要求：
1．语言规范，语句通顺，可适当发挥；2．字数：100词左右，开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
可能用到的词： idiom成语； during the Northern Song Dynasty北宋时期；Cheng Yi程颐； have a nap小
憩； disturb打扰； moved感动的； respect尊敬
Dear Lisa,
I'm glad to hear from you．________________________
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Yours,
Li Hua
3．Dear Lisa,
I'm glad to hear from you. I am very happy that you have great interest in learning Chinese. Let me tell you the
story about the idiom Cheng Men Li Xue.
It is a story during the Northern Song Dynasty. There was a student called Yangshi. He had a confused
problem. He wanted to ask famous teacher Cheng Yi. When he arrived his house, the teacher was having a nap. So
the page boy asked Yangshi to visit the teacher another time. But Yangshi refused. Suddenly it started snowing. The
page boy asked him to come in and wait in the house since it was very cold. However, Yangshi stood in front of the
gate. Even later it snowed heavily. After the teacher finished all the things, Yangshi still stood in the snow. Then the
teacher asked him, “Why not come another day? How silly you are!”. Yangshi said, “I have learned something from
you, I can't disturb you, and I must show my respect for you”. Finally, Cheng Yi was moved by Yangshi's action
and taught him a lot.
It shows us that we should show our respect to our teachers. Hope it will help you to understand.
Yours,
Li Hua
【详解】这是一篇看图作文，要求我们根据图示给自己的英国笔友Lisa写信，给她解释“程门立雪”这个
成语的含义。写作前，应仔细观察图片，弄清楚图片中发生的事情，然后用英语表达出来。审题可知，这
篇文章的主要内容应包括：首先引入Lisa学习中遇到的问题，点明写这封信的目的；然后重点是解释该成
语的含义，根据图片提示进行表达；最后谈一谈自己对这个成语的理解和感悟。短文中开头和结尾部分应
使用一般现在时态；主体部分用一般过去时，注意谓语动词的正确形式，尤其是不规则动词过去式的变化。写作时应注意：首先应将题目中要求的所有内容都包括在内，包括题目中给出的提示词，在写作时应用上。
注意分清结构和层次，叙述应清晰、有条理。其次应注意英语的表达问题，在词序以及表达上英语与汉语
有很多不同的地方，不能根据汉语思维逐词翻译，应从整句话的结构出发，选择适当的句型、词汇和短语
进行表达。句式结构可以简单句为基础，穿插并列句以及复合句，为提升作文档次，可使用被动语态、非
谓语动词等复杂结构。同时语句之间使用恰当的连接成分，使上下文意连贯，表达自然、流畅。
【点睛】这是一篇优秀的作文，短文作者根据题目要求给Lisa写信解释了“程门立雪”这一成语的含
义。短文有以下几个优点：首先文章内容丰富，结构清晰。短文分成三段，每一段的中心都很明确：第一
段点明Lisa在学习中遇到的问题和自己写信的目的；第二段是主体段，介绍了该成语背后的故事；第三段
简单谈论了自己对这个成语的理解。层次分明、叙述清晰、有条理。其次短文中使用了正确的时态和人称，
文章以一般现在时和一般过去时为主，符合表达需要。用词准确，语言得体；句式结构完整，以简单句为
主，也使用了并列句、状语从句、宾语从句等复合句句式以及非谓语动词等结构，调整了文章节奏。短文
中使用了较丰富的句型和短语，如I am very happy that you have great interest in learning Chinese.、When he
arrived his house, the teacher was having a nap.、The page boy asked him to come in and wait in the house since it
was very cold.、After the teacher finished all the things, Yangshi still stood in the snow.、Yangshi said, “I have
learned something from you, I can't disturb you, and I must show my respect for you”.、It shows us that we should
show our respect to our teachers等等。
我校英语俱乐部正在举办用英语讲经典故事活动。请根据以下提示以“Growing up with
stories”为题，写一篇英语作文。
提示：
讲故事可以使我们获取知识、增长见识、并且使人快乐。
简要介绍故事的主人公以及主要内容。
谈谈从故事中体会到的感悟。
Growing up with stories
Telling stories in English is very important. We
can_________________________________________
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Growing up with stories
Telling stories in English is very important. We can gain knowledge, broaden our understanding
and make people happy by telling stories. My favorite story book is Snow White. I began to read it
when I was seven years old. I love the story very much and I have read it many times. It is an
interesting story. Snow White is a lovely girl. She is very kind to people. But her mom died. Her new
mom is a bad woman. She thinks Show White is more beautiful than her. So she wants to kill her.
However, she was saved by seven short boys. Then they live happily together.
From this story, we can learn that kind people will be very lucky. The god may pray for them. So
we should learn from Snow White. We should be a kind person and help each other.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，为材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏，适当增加细节完整表述内容。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍用英语讲述故事的好处；
第二步，分享自己喜欢的故事；
第三步，介绍自己从这个故事中学到了什么。
[亮点词汇]
①be kind to对……很友好
②pray for为……祈祷
③learn from从……中学到
[高分句型]
①Telling stories in English is very important. （动名词作主语）②I began to read it when I was seven years old.（when引导的时间状语从句）
点睛：做英语书面表达时，要注意认真审题，分析体裁，确定时态；分析内容要点，列出一
些基本词汇及词组；注意表达的条理性，用好连接词。最后，注意不要犯语法、句法以及搭
配性错误。日常学习中，注意多背诵范文，熟记一些经典句型，考试时就能有所参照，有的
放矢
请你根据提示和表格内容及要求，用英语讲述“曹冲称象”的故事。
提示：孙权送给曹操一头大象。曹操想知道大象有多重，但不知道如何称量大象的重量，他的儿子曹
冲想出一个好办法。
1. 先把大象引到船上，并在船上标记水位（the water level）；
方法 2. 把大象带走，然后往船上放石头，直到河水达到标记的水位；
3. 最后称（weigh）一下石头的重量就可以知道大象的重量。
要求：1. 包括所有提示要点，可适当发挥；
2. 词数：80词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。
Today I’ll tell you a famous Chinese story named Cao Chong Weighed an Elephant. Here it goes.
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参考范文
Today I’ll tell you a famous Chinese story named Cao Chong Weighed an Elephant. Here it goes.
One day, Sun Quan sent an elephant to Cao Cao. Cao Cao wondered how heavy the elephant was. Everyone
said that they couldn’t weigh the elephant unless they killed it. Soon Cao Cao’s son Cao Chong told people to lead
the elephant to a boat and mark the water level on the boat. Then they took away the elephant. Next, they kept
putting stones into the boat until the water reached the marked level. Finally, Cao Chong said, “After we weigh the
stones, we will know how heavy the elephant is.” How clever he was!
【详解】1.题干解读：该题目属于记叙文写作。在写作时应承接短文开头；要叙述清楚“曹冲称象”这个
故事及曹冲的方法；最后可以总结一下故事并对曹冲的人物性格作总结。
2.写作指导：本文应该用第三人称来叙述故事内容；故事时态采用一般过去时；描述故事时，场景应描写细致；并且故事发生的起因过程及结果需要叙述完整，保证条理清晰。
你听说过《嫦娥奔月》的故事吗？请根据以下提示，完成这个小故事。
1.嫦娥的丈夫后羿射下九个太阳；(shoot down)
2.上帝给他们长生不老的药，后羿计划和嫦娥一起服用此药；(plan to do)
3.一个坏人想要偷取这种药；(try to steal)
4.嫦娥拒绝把药给他；自己吃了这药。(refuse to give)
5.嫦娥一个人飞向月亮。后羿留在人间很伤心。(fly up to)
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Chang’e was Hou Yi’s beautiful wife. After Hou Yi shot down the nine suns, a goddess gave him a magic
medicine to thank him. Whoever took this could live forever, and Hou Yi planned to take it with Chang’e. However,
a bad man, Pang Meng, tried to steal the medicine when Hou Yi was not home. Chang’e refused to give it to him
and took it all. She became very light and flew up to the Moon. Hou Yi was so sad that he called out her name to
the Moon every night.
【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一篇小故事，题中已经给出故事的时间发展顺序，在写作时要按照顺序进行
写作，不要遗漏。
2.写作指导：本文是《嫦娥奔月》的故事，时态用一般过去时，人称用第三人称。文章主要是按照时间顺
序进行写作，而且题目中也给出了一些关键词，在写作的时候要在文章中进行运用。也要注意各个句子间
连接词的使用，避免文章成为流水账。
