文档内容
Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?
重要知识点清单
“ 人与自我”主题范畴中
“生活单与元学习”主题群
----主题 ;
劳动习惯与技能，热爱劳动 学习与生活的自我管理。
;
能听懂关于家务劳动的简短对话
could
会用情态动词 征询许可及礼貌地提出请求；
语言
能读懂有关家务看法的文章
能力
熟练地运用与家务琐事相关的词汇及表达法。
文化
利用话题内容引导学生探索、讨论家庭义务的重要性，学生应对独立承担帮助父母做适当的家务持有积极的态度。
意识
Unit 3
思维通过听说、阅读和写作训练英语综合技能。发展逻辑思维和辩证思维能力。
品质
学习
通过听、说、读、看、写等各项技能策略的感悟、体验和学习，如听前预测、获取和梳理语篇的主旨要义和关键细节等。
能力
/ /
必记词汇 目标短语 核心句式
知识 could
重点语法： 表委婉请求和征求许可
清单
话题写作：谈论家务基础知识清单
1.rubbish n.垃圾；废弃
2. fold v.折叠；对折
3. sweep v.扫；打扫
4. floor n.地板
5. mess n.杂乱；不整洁
6. throw v.扔；掷
7. neither adv.也不pron.两者都不
Words
8. shirt n.衬衫
9. pass v.给；递；走过；通过
10. borrow v.借；借用
11. lend v.借给；借出
12. finger n.手指
13. hate v.厌恶；讨厌
14. while conj.与……同时；当……的时候；而；然而
15.chore n.杂务，乏味无聊的工作
Phrases 1.do the dishes洗餐具
2. clean the living room打扫起居室
3.take out the rubbish倒垃圾
4.sweep the floor扫地
5.fold the clothes叠衣服
6.make the bed 整理床铺
7.no problem 没问题
8.go to the movies去看电影
9. go out for dinner 出去吃晚饭
10.stay out late在外面待到很晚
11.get a ride搭车
12.help out with sth.帮助做某事
13.finish doing sth.完成做某事
14.any minute now 随时；马上
15.throw down扔下
16.in front of 在……前面
17.all the time 频繁；反复
18.in surprise吃惊地
19.as soon as = the minute —·就…
20.hang out闲逛
21.hate to do/doing sth.讨厌做某事
22.reply angrily 生气地回复到23.shout back 顶嘴
24.come home from school 放学回家
25.take sb. for a walk 带某人去散步
26.all day/evening 整天/晚
27.walk away 走开
28.be angry with sb 生某人的气
be angry at/ about sth. 因某事而生气
29.pass sb.sth.= pass sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人
30.borrow sth. from sb. 从某人借某物（借进来）
lend sb. sth.= lend sth. to sb. 给某人借某物（借出去）
Sentence1s. Could you please clean your room? 你能打扫一下你的房间吗？
2. I have to do some work. 我必须干些活。
3. Could I use your computer? 我可以用一下你的电脑吗？
4. I think two hours of TV is enough for you! 我认为两个小时对
你来说足够了！
5. Mom will be back from shopping any minutes now.妈妈随时可
能会购物回来。
6. She won't be happy if she sees this mess. 如果她看到这样乱七
八糟的话，她会不高兴的。
7. I’m just as tired as you are !我和你一样累！
8. You watched TV all the time and never help around the house.
你总是一直在看电视，从不帮忙。
9. We need to share the housework to have a clean and
comfortable home. 为了拥有一个干净舒适的家，我们需要分享
家务。
10. For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I.
整整一周，她什么家务活都不干了，我也一样。
11. My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV
.我一在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了。
12. I hate to do chores. 我不喜欢做杂务。
Gramma 情态动词could 的用法
r
（北京）股份有限公司
【精讲01 词汇】
►►►1.throw
throw v. 扔；掷。 用作及物动词。throw sb. sth.＝throw sth. to sb.扔给某人某物。
throw down 扔下；使倒下。
与throw相关的其他短语：throw away 扔掉；丢弃 throw sth. at 向……扔某物（近）
throw sth. to 投给……某物（远）
She threw me a towel.＝She threw a towel to me.
He threw down the book and went out.
She threw herself down in the bed and fell asleep.
►►►2. neither
Neither of us likes apples.
She isn’t a teacher, neither am I.
Tom doesn’t like apples, neither do I .
【注意】
固定搭配 neither…nor…连接两个并列主语，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”。
►►►3.pass
►►►4.lend
lend作动词，意为＂借给；借出＂。
其后常跟双宾语，即lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb.
意为＂借给某人某物；把某物借给某人＂。Could you lend me some books? =Could you lend some books to me?
【一图辨异】
►►►5.hate
hate v. 厌恶；讨厌
►►►6. while
while作连词，意为＂在……期间；当……的时候＂
While children have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach.►►►7. drink
drink作“不同的饮料”讲时，是可数名词。作“酒”讲时，是不可数名词。
作动词时，意为“喝；饮”。drink water
►►►8. invite
invite作及物动词，意为“邀请；恳请”。
invitation n.邀请；邀请函
►►►9. graduate
►►►10. anyway
anyway adv. 无论如何，不管怎样；总之
位于句首时，其后往往有逗号与其他内容隔开。
Sam didn't get the job, but he's not unhappy. because it didn't pay well anyway.►►►11. develop
作及物动词。
意为＂培养；养成；提高；成长＂。
一般与into搭配，意为＂发展成……＂。
He developed the little shop into a big shopping mall.
This course will help you develop your writing skills.
He developed an interest in science.
【精讲02 短语】
►►►1.help out
help out (with something) 是一个动词短语，
表示在某人繁忙或是遇到困难时“给予帮助”。
注意：help 与out 之间还可以加具体的人
You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house!
They helped (us) out with the clean-up.
►►►2. the minute
the minute在此引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”，相当于as soon as。
the minute引导时间状语从句时，遵从“主将从现”
主句用一般将来时态，从句用一般现在时。
As soon as I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over.
=The moment I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over.
►►►3.as......as
as ... as 意为 “和……一样” ，表示同级的比较。
使用时要注意第一个as为副词，第二个as为连词。
其基本结构为：as + adj./ adv. + as。
This film is as interesting as that one.
Your pen writes as smoothly as mine.
Linda is as tall as me.
►►►4.in surprise
in surprise 惊讶地；吃惊地
常用于动词之后作方式状语，相当于with surprise。
surprise可作名词也可作动词，
常用短语还有：to one's surprise“令某人惊讶的是”。
She looked up in surprise when I shouted.To my surprise, he agreed at last.
His success surprised everyone.
►►►5.in order to
意为“为了....”
结构：主句+in order that+目的状语从句
She went to the hall without lunch in order to get a good seat.
=She went to the hall without lunch in order that she would get a good seat.
We started early in order to arrive before dark.
►►►6.The earlier...the better
“the +比较级+…, the + 比较级+…”为固定句式。表示“越…...就越…...”
The more he explained, the better we understood.
The harder you study, the better grades you’ll get.
【精讲03 句子】
►►►1.Peter ,could you please take out the trash?
【句型剖析】
（1）此处情态动词could并非表示过去时态，而是表示委婉语气，后跟动词原形表达有礼
貌地请求或请求允许做某事。表示请求时与please连用会使语气更加委婉。
肯定回答：Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem.
否定回答： Sorry , I can’t
Could I watch TV? 我可以看电视吗?
—Could you please give me a piece of paper? 请你给我一张纸好吗？
—Sure. Here you are. 当然可以。给你。
（2）take out
take out意为＂带出去；取出；拿出；除掉＂，是由＂动词+副词＂构成的动词短语，
名词作宾语时放在out前后都可以，代词作宾语时必须将其放在out前。
Please take out a piece of paper. =Please take a piece of paper out. 请拿出一张纸来。
The gift is in the box. You can take it out.
【知识拓展】►►►2. I think two hours of TV is enough for you!
two hours of TV虽为复数，但却表达一种整体的观念。
当时间、长度、距离或其他可数名词表示一个完整的整体概念
作主语时，其后的谓语动词用其单数形式。
Two months is quite a long time.
Thirty students is not a big number for a class.
►►►3. It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at
home for their children.
(1)It’s one’s job
固定用法句型，表示“做某事是某人的工作（职责等）”
It’s each teacher’s job to explain things clearly to the students.
(2)provide
provide意为“提供；供应；供给”，
常和介词 with/ for搭配使用。
provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物 =provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物
Mr. Smith provided food for us. = Mr. Smith provided us with food.
►►►4. They should spend their time on school work in order to get good grades
and get into a good university►►►5.Doing chores (helps to develop children's independence)
and (teaches them how to look after themselves).
►►►6. Since they live in one house with their parents, they should know that
everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy
【精讲04 语法】could 用法
情态动词有很多，它们往往用在请求别人帮助或征求别人意见的句子中。有了
它们的“加入”，句子的语气就会更客气、更委婉，could 就是其中一员。►►►1.用于委婉提出要求或请求Ask for permission
►►►2.用于征求许可Make polite requests►►►3.could其他用法
►►►4.could和can
【精讲05 写作】
►►►1.话题分析
本单元围绕"doing chores"这一话题学习，
使用有礼貌地提出请求和请求对方的许可的句型。在写此类文章时，应选择恰当的动
词短语、正确使用情态动词，语气要委婉、内容要合理、行文要完整。
该话题常见的书面表达种类多样，可以描述你做过的家务劳动，也可以发表对“学生
做家务”的观点或看法。
►►►2.写作指导►►►3. 典例
1．为弘扬中华民族“劳动最光荣”的传统美德，这学期你校组织了一系列劳动实践活
动 (a series of labour activities)，请根据表格中的信息并结合自身经历，写一篇短文向学校
英语报投稿。
Time Things I learned My feelings
March Grow vegetables and plant trees
Repair ( 修 理 ) things like electric
April
fans... ...
May ...
要求：
1.80—120词，开头已给出，不计入总词数。
2.文中不能出现自己姓名和所在学校的名称。
参考信息：
1.活动的基本介绍；
2.活动的内容；
3.你的感受。
This term, I took part in a series of labour activities in our school.
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【答案】范文：
This term, I took part in a series of labor activities in our school. I was happy that I learned a
lot.
In March, I learned to grow vegetables and plant trees on the farm near our school. In April, I
learned to repair things like electric fans and bicycles with the help of our teachers. In May, I
learned to do much housework, such as cooking dinner, making the bed, sweeping the floor and
folding clothes.
I think the labour activities are not only educational but also useful. I’m sure the more life
skills I have, the more independent I will be.
【详解】[总体分析]
① 题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”和“一般过去时”；
③ 提示：根据所给提示完成写作，注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误。注意
上下文之间的逻辑关系，语意连贯。
[写作步骤]
第一步，根据题干介绍学到的东西；
第二步，表达自己的感受。
[亮点词汇]
①learn to do sth学习做某事②with the help of在……帮助下③such as比如
[高分句型]
I think the labour activities are not only educational but also useful. （宾语从句）
2．最近，你校要开展劳动课程教育(labour education)，如烹调，手工制作以等，为此
征求同学们意见。以下是你们班同学的观点，请就此并结合你自己的想法用英语写一篇短
文。
Opinions Reasons
necessary develop interests, improve life skills, …
unnecessar
a waste of time, not helpful for lessons, …
y
Your opinion and reasons…
注意：
1. 文章应包括表格中的信息，允许适当发挥；
2. 文中不得出现真实姓名和校名；3. 词数不能少于80词；
4. 短文首句仅供选择使用，不计入总词数。
Recently our school offer their students some special classes, such as cooking classes,
handicraft classes, traditional opera and so on.
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【答案】例文
Recently our school offer the students some special classes, such as cooking classes,
handicraft classes, traditional opera and so on. Yesterday, our class had a discussion about labor
education. Now let’s see what we think of the labor education.
On the one hand, some think it’s necessary for students to get labor education. Those special
classes can develop our interests and improve our life skills. They can help relax after the hard
study just like doing some exercise. On the other hand, some students think having those special
classes is a waste of time. Those classes are not helpful for their lessons. They think those special
classes will have a bad effect on their grades.
In my view, it’s not good enough to just get good grades at school. It’s important for us to
improve our basic life skills and we need to learn to look after ourselves. What’s more, we should
have a sense of responsibility.
In all, labor is part of life. Believe it or not, happiness follows labor. Let’s take action!
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇议论文，为材料作文；
②时态：时态主要为“一般现在时”；
③提示：文章应该包括两种相反的观点和你自己的观点，要适当补充，使文章内容充实；
写作中适当使用连接词，使行文连贯、顺畅。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍你班同学针对“劳动课程教育”这一问题进行了讨论，从而引出话题；
第二步，依据表格要点，逐一陈述两种不同的观点，适当拓展；
第三步，表达自己的观点：赞成开设劳动课并叙述理由；
第四步，书写总结：劳动是生活的一部分并呼吁大家行动起来。
[亮点词汇]
①on the one hand在一方面②on the other hand在另一方面③have a bad effect on对……产生不良影响
[高分句型]
①On the one hand, some think it’s necessary for students to get labor education. (宾语从句)
②In my view, it’s not good enough to just get good grades at school. (it作形式主语)
3．株洲日报杂志社以“我劳动，我快乐”为主题向中学生开展征文活动。假定你是李
华，请你根据以下要点提示，用英语写一篇短文讲稿。
要点：
（1）分享你最难忘的一次劳动经历；
（2）列出良好的劳动习惯；（如：主动承担家务劳动，积极参与学校劳动，社会实践活动
等）
（3）发出倡议 “我劳动，我快乐”。
要求：
（1）词数90左右，开头已给出，不计入词数；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（3）文中不能出现任何可能透漏考生真实身份的信息。
Dear editor,
My name is Li Hua, a middle school student. I like labor very
much.__________________________________________________________________________
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【答案】例文：
Dear editor,
My name is Li Hua, a middle school student. I like labor very much.
In order to help students get hardworking spirit, a guideline on labor education came out. As a
middle school student, I welcome it warmly. Last weekend, I got up early and cooked noodles for
my parents. First, I boiled some water. Then I put some noodles into the pot. About six minutes
later, I placed them in the bowls and added some salt and oil.
How can we get hardworking spirit? Firstly, we should try our best to learn some basic labor
knowledge and skills. Secondly, we need try to do some chores at home, like washing clothes,
making meals, tidying rooms and so on. Thirdly, we can do something to keep the classroom
clean, such as sweeping the floor and cleaning the windows. What’s more, we can take part in out-of-class activities, such as planting trees or growing vegetables to enrich our real-world work
experience.
In a word, the labor education is necessary and we should take an active part in it.
【详解】[总体分析]
题材：本文是一篇应用文，为讲稿；
时态：时态为 “一般过去时”和 “一般现在时”；
提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏信息提示中的要点，适当添加细节，并突出
写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图，介绍你的劳动经历；
第二步，具体阐述写作内容，列出具体的劳动习惯；
第三步，书写结语，倡议大家积极参加劳动。
[亮点词汇]
①come out出现②try one’s best to do 尽全力做某事③take part in参加
[高分句型]
① In order to help students get hardworking spirit, a guideline on labor education came out.（动
词不定式作目的状语）
Secondly, we need try to do some chores at home, like washing clothes, making meals, tidying
rooms and so on. （动名词作介词宾语）
4．劳动教育对于学生来说非常重要。这个学期学校开展以“我劳动，我光荣：我创造，
我幸福”为主题的系列活动，通过在学校、家庭两个层面参与不同类型的劳动，培养学生
爱劳动的热情，养成爱劳动的好习惯。请谈谈你在这次活动中的表现并号召大家积极地参
加一些力所能及的劳动。
写作要点：1. 谈谈你经常做的劳动；2. 劳动给你带来的好处（至少3点）；3. 你的感受。
写作要求：
1. 包含上述三个要点，可适当发挥；
2. 语句通顺、意思连贯、语法正确、书写规范、卷面整洁；
3. 文中不能出现真实的人名，校名；
4. 80字左右。
Labor education is really important for us. As a middle school student, I can
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【答案】例文
Labor education is really important for us. As a middle school student, I can do the dishes,
sweep the floor and fold clothes at home. I can water plants and clean windows at school. Of
course, I can also go to the park to do volunteer activities. I can pick the garbage. At the same
time, I can also publicize and let people protect the environment. Through these activities, I can
not only learn a lot of life skills, but also develop my sense of responsibility. At the same time,
they are good for my physical and mental health. So I think labor is necessary and important for
us. Let’s act! Let’s take part in such labor more.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：根据要点提示进行写作，可适当发挥，注意行文连贯，要点齐全。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍自己经常做的劳动；
第二步，表达劳动带来的好处；
第三步，表达自己的感受并号召大家一起参加劳动。
[亮点词汇]
①at the same time同时②sense of responsibility责任感
③physical and mental health身心健康④take part in参加
[高分句型]
①Through these activities, I can not only learn a lot of life skills, but also develop my sense of
responsibility.（not only ... but also连接的并列句）
②So I think labor is necessary and important for us.（think后跟宾语从句）
5．校英语报发起了“A Helper at Home” 主题征文活动，请用英文写一篇短文投稿，
谈谈你经常做的两项家务及你的收获。
What do you often do at home What you have learned
★cook meals ★water flowers ★life skills
★wash the dishes ★look after pets ★responsibility （责任）
★take out the rubbish ★. . . ★. . .
要求：1. 表格中内容要点仅供选择使用，可适当发挥。
2. 文中不得出现与你身份相关的信息。
3. 不少于80 词。
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【答案】例文
I have always been a good helper at home.
I can do a lot of housework at home, such as cooking meals, watering flowers, washing
the dishes, looking after pets, taking out the rubbish and so on. However, I like watering flowers
and looking after pets best. I think watering the flowers makes me feel relaxed. When all kinds of
flowers are around me, I feel the beauty of nature. I think life is as beautiful as flowers. I also like
to look after pets. Because animals are our friends. Sometimes they seem to understand what we
say. They will bring a lot of fun to our life.
By doing housework, we not only improve our life skills, but also improve our sense of
responsibility. It also helps us understand the idea of fairness.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，谈谈你经常做的两项家务及你的收获；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图，点明主题；
第二步，具体阐述写作内容，介绍经常做的两项家务及收获；
第三步，书写结语，表达情感。通过做家务，不仅提高了我们的生活技能，也提高了我们
的责任感。
[亮点词汇]
①the beauty of nature自然的美②all kinds of各种各样的
[高分句型]
①When all kinds of flowers are around me, I feel the beauty of nature.（when引导时间状语从
句）
②By doing housework, we not only improve our life skills, but also improve our sense of
responsibility.（not only...but also...不仅……而且……）
