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Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains.
单元知识清单
Section A
一、 基础知识清单
Words 1. shoot [ʃu:t] v. 投篮,射击,发射
2. stone [ˈstəʊn] n. 石头
3. weak [wi:k] adj. 虚弱的,柔弱的
4. god [ɡɒd] n. 上帝,神
5. remind [rɪˈmaɪnd] v. 提醒,使想起
6. bit [bɪt] n. 一点,小块
7. a little bit 有点儿,稍微
8. silly [ˈsɪlɪ] adj. & n. 愚昧的;傻子,蠢货
9. instead of 代替,反而
10. turn into 变成
11. object [ˈɒbdʒɪkt] n. 物体,目标,物品
12. hide [haɪd] v. 躲藏,隐藏
13. tail [teil] n. 尾巴
14. magic [ˈmædʒɪk] n. 魔法,巫术
15. stick [stɪk] n. & v. 棍,棒;刺,戳,插
16. excite [ɪk'saɪt] v. 使激动,使兴奋
17. western ['westən] adj. 西方的,欧美的
18. once upon 从前
19. stepsister [ˈstepsɪstə(r)] n. 继姐(妹)
20. prince [prɪns] n. 王子
21. fall in love 爱上,喜欢上
22. fit [fɪt] v. 适合,合身
23. couple ['kʌpl] n. (尤指)夫妻,两人
24. smile [smaɪl] n.& v. 微笑
25. marry [ˈmæri] v. 与某人结婚
26. get married 结婚
词形变化 1.射击;发射v. shoot(过去式) shot2.隐藏;隐蔽v. hide- (过去式) hid—(过去分词)hidden
3.有魔力的;有神奇力量的adj. magic一魔术师n. magician
4.使激动;使兴奋v. excite-激动的;兴 奋的adj. excited-- 使人兴奋的adj.
exciting 一激动;兴奋n. excitement
5.西方n. West--西方国家的;(尤指)欧美的;西方的adj. Western
6.结婚v. marry--结婚的;已婚的adj. married
Phrases 1. work on doing sth. 致力于做某事
2. as soon as ... 一……就…....
3. once upon a time 从前
4. continue to do sth. 继续做某事
5. make sth. happen 使某事发生
6.try to do sth. 努力做某事
7. the journey to sp. ......之旅
8. tell the/a story 讲故事
9. put on 穿
10. a little bit 有点儿
11. keep doing sth. 坚持做某事
12. give up 放弃
13. instead of 代替;反而
14. turn...into... 使......变成......
15. get married 结婚
Sentences 1.故事是怎样开始的? How does the story begin?
2.从前,有一个老人…… Once upon a time, there was a very old
man...
3.为什么愚公试图移山?因为它们如此之大,以至于花了很长时间走到另
一边。Why was Yu Gong trying to move the mountains? Because they were so
big that it took a long time to walk to other side.
4.他是《西游记》里的主要人物。
He is the main character in Journey to the West.
5.他不能把自己变成人,除非他能隐藏着他的尾巴。
He cannot turn himself into a person unless he can hide his tail.
Grammar 状语从句
二、 知识点清单
知识点①:Hou Yi Shoots the Suns《后羿射日》
shoot 的意思是"射中;发射"。过去式及过去分词都是shot。
He shot a bird. 他射中了一只鸟。
【易混辨析】 kill,shoot,murder
kill 意为"杀,杀死",宾语可以是表 The cat killed a mouse last night. 昨示人的名词或代词,也可以是表示
晚这只猫咬死了一只老鼠。
物的名词或代词。
意为"射中,击毙",表示以某人
John shot at the hare, but it ran
或某物为目标进行射击。shoot at 表
shoot away. 约翰瞄准兔子射击,但兔子
示"瞄准一个目标射击但不一定射
跑掉了。
中"。
意为"谋杀",它的宾语一般是表 He murdered his friend for money last
murder 示人的名词或代词,通常指事先有 night.昨晚他为谋财而杀害了他的
策划地非法杀害。 朋友。
知识点②:This story reminds us that you can never know what’s possible unless you try to
make it happen. 这个故事提醒我们,你永远不知道什么是可能的,除非你努力让它发生。
remind提醒;使想起。"remind sb. +从句"表示"提醒某人……"。
We reminded him that the meeting had been postponed. 我们提醒他会议已经延期了。
【知识拓展】
remind sb of sth. 使某人回想起或意识到某事
remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人去做某事
"remind oneself +从句"表示"提醒自己……"。
☞Yellow flowers of rape always remind me of my childhood in the countryside.
黄色的油菜花总使我想起我在乡村时的童年。
☞ Please remind her to take the medicine on time. 请提醒她按时吃药。
☞ You reminded me of my childhood. 你使我想起了我的童年。
☞ I often remind myself not to fall behind. 我常常提醒自己不要落后。
知识点③:I think it’s a little bit silly. 我认为这有点儿愚蠢。
a little bit 意为"有点儿,稍微",常用于口语中,后跟形容词或副词,相当于 a
little,a bit或kind of。
This is a little bit difficult for me. 这对我来说有点难。
【易混辨析】a bit,a little,a little bit,a bit of
I am a bit/a little hungry. 我有点饿。
a bit,a little表示"有点儿,
稍微",修饰形容词、副词、 There is a little water in the bottle.
比较级时,可以互换。在修饰
=There is a bit of water in the bottle.
不可数名词时,一般用a little
瓶子里有点水。
或a bit of。
He is poor. I shall give him a bit of/a little money. 他很贫穷。我会给他一些钱。
She’s good-looking, but she’s a little bit quiet. 她长得
很漂亮,但是有点内向。
a little bit"有点,稍微",相
当于a bit,修饰形容词、副词 I speak a little bit of French. 我讲一点法语。
或比较级,当修饰名词时后加
Once you have a little bit of success, you get the urge for
of。
more. 一旦你获得了一点小小的成就,你就会渴望
取得更大的成功。
知识点④:Yu Gong kept trying and didn’t give up. 愚公坚持不懈,没有放弃。
(1)keep doing sth. “一直/继续不停地做某事”。
The child kept asking me questions. 那个孩子老师问我问题。
(2)give up .放弃;抛弃;戒除
I did want a holiday abroad,but I've given up the idea.我确实想出国度假,但现在已放弃了
这个想法。
You ought to give up smoking; I gave it up last year.你应该戒烟,我去年就戒掉了。
知识点⑤:But what could Yu Gong do instead of moving the mountains?
instead of是介词短语,意思是"代替……,取代……",后面接名词、代词或动名词。
I’ll go instead of you. 我将代你去。
She went to school instead of staying at home. 她没有待在家里而是上学去了。
【知识拓展】
instead是副词,意为"代替",在句中用作状语,可置于句末,其前不用
逗号,也可置于句首,其后可用逗号,也可不用,起衔接两个句子、分句或短
语的作用。
☞ You are busy. Let me go instead. 你忙。让我去吧。
☞ It’s too hot to walk. We’ll go swimming instead. 天太热不宜散步。我们去
游泳吧。
知识点⑥:Which book is talked about? 这本书谈论的是什么?
talk about谈论,用于表示谈话双方都知道的话题,后可以接人或事物,若接人,要用人称
代词的宾格形式。
—What are you talking about? 你们在谈论什么?
—We are talking about her. 我们正在谈论她。【知识拓展】
talk to"对……说话,跟……谈话",相当于speak to,强调单方面行为。
而talk with"与……交谈",相当于have a word with,强调双方的行为。
☞ I was talking with my classmate when the teacher came in.
当老师进来时,我正和一位同学说话。
☞ I always want to talk to my classmate in class. 在课堂上我总是想和同学说
话。
知识点⑦:But unless he can hide his tail, he cannot turn himself into a person. 但除非他
能隐藏自己的尾巴,否则他不能将自己变成人。
(1)hide动词,"隐藏;隐蔽",后面可接名词作宾语或是可以单独使用,其过去式
为hid,过去分词为hidden,现在分词为hiding。hide from意为"把……藏起来不让……发
现;躲避……"。
He often hides from his old friends. 他经常躲避他的老朋友们。
(2)turn... into... 意为"将……变成……"。
The magician turned his hat into a bird. 魔术师把他的帽子变成了一只鸟。
知识点⑧:Most of them were hearing this story for the first time. 他们大多数是第一次听
到这个故事。
most of后面的人称代词为复数意义,谓语动词用复数形式。
【易混辨析】the most…,most…,a most…
"the most+形容词+名词"结
构中,most是副词,表示程
He is one of the most famous writers in
the most… 度,意为"最",与其后的
China. 他是中国最著名的作家之一。
形容词一起构成形容词的最
高级。
Most students like English. 大多数学生
喜欢英语。
在"most+名词"与"most +
of+名词"中,most意为"大 Most of his friends are away for the
most… 部分",作主语时谓语动词 moment. 他的大多数朋友目前不在这
单复数的形式取决于该结构 里。
中的名词。
Most of the apple is bad. 这个苹果坏了
一大半。
a most…
"a most+形容词+名词"结构 Guilin is a most beautiful city. 桂林是座中,most 是副词,意为"
很,非常"(=very),用来修 非常美丽的城市。
饰它后面的形容词。
知识点⑨:Once upon a time, there was a very old man… 从前,有一位老翁……
[来源:Zxxk.Com]
once upon a time意为"从前,很久以前",是英文故事、童话开头常见的一种叙述方
式,类似的表达还有long long ago/a long time ago,是一般过去时的标志。
Once upon a time, there lived an old man who had two beautiful daughters.
从前,有一个老人,他有两个美丽的女儿。
☞Once upon a time, there was a tiger in the forest. 从前,森林里有一只老虎。
知识点10:As soon as the prince saw her, he fell in love with her. 王子一看见她,就爱上
了她。
fall in love with意为"爱上 (某人/某物)",不可与how long和for two years这类表示时
间段的短语连用。fall in love with也可表示对某一事物的"喜欢"。
After working together for many years, they fell in love with each other. 他们在一起工作多
年后彼此相爱了。
【知识拓展】
be in love with意为"与……相爱着",指处于"恋爱"这一状态,可以与表示一段
时间的状语连用。
☞ Tom and Mary have been in love with each other for two years.
汤姆和玛丽彼此相爱已经两年了。
知识点 11:The new couple were so happy that they couldn’t stop smiling when they got
married. 这对新婚夫妇是如此开心,以至于结婚时都止不住地笑。
(1)couple可数名词,此处意为"夫妻",还可意为"两人;两件事物",其常用短语a
couple of意为"一对,一双,一些,几个"。
They are a model couple. 他们是一对模范夫妻。
[来源:学#科#网Z#X#X#K]
He opened the door for an elderly couple. 他为一对上了年纪的夫妻开门。
【知识拓展】
couple可以指一双或一对夫妻、情侣。强调一对夫妇这个整体,视为单
数;强调夫妻二人视为复数。☞ The old couple goes to the same park every day. 这对老夫妇每天都去同一
个公园。
☞ The new couple are looking for a house to live in. 这对新婚夫妇正在找房子
住。
(2)can’t stop doing sth.=can’t help doing sth. 忍不住/情不自禁去做某事。
When I heard the bad news, I can’t help crying. 我听到这个坏消息时,我忍不住哭了。
(3)get married 结婚,为非延续性动词短语,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
He didn’t get married when I knew him. 我认识他时,他还没有结婚。学&科网
【易混辨析】marry,be/get married
I am going to marry John. 我要和约
marry作及物动词时,后接表示 翰结婚了。
人的词,表示"和……结婚
They married their daughter to a rich
",即marry sb;marry... to...是
marry man.他们把他们的女儿嫁给了一
"将……嫁给……"的意思。
个富翁。
marry还可表示"主持……的婚
礼,证婚"。 An old friend married them. 一位老
[来源:Zxxk.Com]
朋友为他们证婚。
She was married to a friend of mine.
be married和get married表示"
她和我的一位朋友结了婚。
结婚(已婚)",后接to sb表示"
be/get 与某人结婚"。当表示结婚已 They have been married for five
married 有 一 段 时 间 时 不 用 get years. 他们已经结婚五年了。
married/marry(非延续性),要用
We got married in May, 2007. 我们
延续性词组be married。
在2007年5月结的婚。
三、 语法清单
语法①:状语从句
unless的用法
unless意为"除非,如果不",引导条件状语从句。unless引导的条件状语从句,若主句、
从句的动作均未发生,则主句用一般将来时、祈使句或含有情态动词的句子,从句用一般
现在时代替一般将来时。
I shall go unless it rains. 如果不下雨我就去。
I won’t let you in unless you show me your pass. 如果你不出示通行证,我就不让你进来。
We’ll go to town unless it rains tomorrow. 假如明天不下雨,我们就去城里。[来源:学科网
ZXXK]
注意:
(1)unless通常可以与if... not结构进行相互转换。
You will fail unless you study hard.=You will fail if you don’t study hard.除非你努力学习,否则你会失败。
(2)若unless引导的从句本身为否定句,则unless不能用if...not来替换。
as soon as的用法
as soon as一……就……,强调两个动作几乎是连在一起的,后接从句。当主句是一般将来
时,as soon as引导的状语从句应用一般现在时代替将来时。指紧接着发生的两个短动作,
主句用一般过去时,从句也用一般过去时。有时,为了特意表达刚刚完成某事就如何,需
要用现在完成时。
The students became quiet as soon as the teacher came in. 老师一进来,学生们就安静下来了。
I will tell him the news as soon as he comes back. 他一回来,我就告诉他这个消息。
I’ll return the book as soon as I have finished reading it. 我一读完就把书还回去。
He will come and see you as soon as he can. 他一有空就来看你。
The stars came out as soon as it was dark. 天一黑,星星就出来了。
注意:
as soon as 引导的时间状语从句在过去时态中主从句时态保持一致;若主句用一般将来时态,
则从句用一般现在时态。
so... that的用法
so... that意为"如此……以至于",引导表示结果的状语从句。so是副词,用以修饰其后的
形容词或副词,说明其程度的大小。so... that引导的结果状语从句有如下四种结构:
(1)so+形容词/副词+that从句
The village is so small that it cannot be shown in the map. 这村子太小,所以地图上没有。
The wind was so strong that we could hardly move forward. 风刮得那么大,我们简直寸步难
行。
(2)so+形容词+a/an+单数名词+that从句
It was so hot a day that they all went swimming. 天是那么的热以至于他们都去游泳了。
He made so inspiring a speech that everybody got excited. 他发表了如此鼓舞人的演讲以至于
大家都很激动。
(3)so+many/few+复数名词+that从句
I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over. 我摔了许多跤,以至于浑身青一块,
紫一块。
He has so few friends that he often feels lonely. 他朋友很少,所以经常感到孤独。
(4)so+much/little+不可数名词+that从句I had so little money then that I couldn’t even afford a used car. 我当时囊中羞涩,甚至连一
辆二手车都买不起。
He drank so much wine last night that he felt terrible. 昨晚他喝了那么多的酒,他觉得很不舒
服。
(1)当that从句是否定结构,that从句的主语与主句的主语相同时,可用too...to...或"be
not +形容词 + enough to do sth."结构替换。需要注意的是,"be not + 形容词 + enough to
do sth."中的形容词,应是so...that结构中形容词的反义词。
His brother is so young that he can’t join the army.=His brother is too young to join the army.
=His brother is not old enough to join the army.
他弟弟太小了,不能参军。[来源:学+科+网Z+X+X+K]
(2)当that从句是否定结构,that从句的主语与主句的主语不相同时,可用too... for sb. to
do sth.替换。
The suit was expensive that I could not buy it.=The suit was too expensive for me to buy.
这套衣服太贵了,我不能买。
(3)当that从句是肯定结构,that从句的主语与主句的主语相同时,可以用"be + 形容词
+ enough to do sth."把so... that复合句转化为简单句。
The young man is so strong that he can carry the big box.=The young man is strong enough to carry
the big box.
那个年轻人很强壮,能扛动那只大箱子。
(4)当that从句是肯定结构,that从句的主语与主句的主语不相同时,可用"... enough for
sb. to do sth."替换。
He ran so slowly that I could catch up with him.=He ran slowly enough for me to catch up with.
他跑得太慢了,我能赶上他。
(5)so... that结构中的"so + 形容词/副词"可以提至句首,以加强语气,但要注意用倒
装语序。
So bright was the moon that flowers were bright as in the day. 在如此明亮的月光下,花儿像白
天一样鲜艳。