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Unit7 What’s the highest mountain in the world?
核心话题 自然和地理
重点词汇 1. square 2. meter 3. deep 4. desert 5. population 6. Asia 7. tour 8. wall
9. amazing10. protect 11. wide 12. thick 13. include 14. freezing15. condition
16. succeed 17. challenge 18. force 19. nature 20. weigh 21. birth 22. adult
23. bamboo 24. endangered 25. research 26. keeper 27.awake 28.excitement
29. illness30. remaining 31. artwork 32. wild 33. government 34. whale
重点短语 1.feel free 2.as far as I know 3.take in 4.in the face of 5.even though（=even
Unit4 if）6.at birth 7.up to 8.walk into 9.fall over 10.or so
重点句型 1. Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world. 珠穆朗玛峰比世界上
其他任何一座山都高。
2. China has the biggest population in the world. 中国是世界上人口最多的国家。
3. It’s a lot bigger than the population of the US. 它比美国人口要多得多。
语法 1. 基数词的用法；
2. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级。
写作 谈论濒危动物与环境保护
考点 1.population
1. China has the biggest population in the world. It’s a lot bigger than the population of the US. 中国是世
界上人口最多的国家。它比美国人口要多得多。
★population作主语，表达一个整体概念时，谓语动词用单数，当其前有分数或百分数修饰时，谓语动词
可用单数或复数。
The population of Nigeria is more than 100 million. (强调整体性) 尼日利亚的人口数量为1亿多。
Three quarters of the population in the city is/are from other parts of the country.这个城市里四分之三的人口来
自全国其他地方。
（1）问人口数量的句型是：What’s the population of...?
What’s the population of the world now? 现在世界人口是多少？
What’s the population of China?
=How large is the population of China?中国有多少人?
【注意】population和people的区别：前者通常用what来提问，后者用how many 来提问。What’s the population of Canada? 加拿大的人口是多少？
How many people are there in Canada? 加拿大有多少人？
（2）形容人口多少用big，large或small。
The city has a big/large/small population. 这个城市人口多/少。
【知识拓展】
表示＂某地有多少人口＂用…has a population of…或The population of… is…。
The city has a population of about six million.
=The population of the city is about six million.这个城市大约有六百万人口。
★a lot bigger大多了,bigger是比较级,前面用a lot修饰。a lot, a little, much, a bit, still, even, far 等可以用来
修饰形容词或副词的比较级,表示程度,起强调作用。
My room is a little smaller than yours.
我的房间比你的稍小一点儿。
【经典练】1．The population of China ________ large. About four fifths of the population ________ farmers.
A．is; are B．are; is C．are; are
【写作佳句】（2023·黑龙江·统考中考真题）The population of Heilongjiang is smaller than that of Shanghai.
The birthrate is low, so our government encourages a second or a third child.黑龙江的人口比上海的少。出生率
很低，所以我们的政府鼓励生第二个或第三个孩子。
考点2.one of
2. Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world? 你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家
之一吗？
（1）该句含有由that引导的宾语从句，从句表示的是客观事实或真理，即使主句是过去时，从句也要用
一般现在时。
He told me that the sun rises in the east. 他告诉我太阳从东方升起。(客观事实)
（2）本句中的one of意为＂……中的一个＂或＂……之一＂，后面接复数名词，当名词前有形容词修饰
且有比较范围时，形容词应用其最高级形式。
Song Jie is one of the tallest students in our class. 宋杰是我们班最高的学生之一。
【注意】one of ... 作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
One of the girls is my sister. 这些女孩中有一个是我妹妹。
【经典练】1．—Do you have sports bags ________ a good price?
—Yes, We have bags ________ all colors, each one ________ only 15 dollars.
A．in; at; for B．for; in; of C．at; in; for D．of; in; at【写作佳句】（2023·湖南湘西·统考中考真题）China is one of the oldest countries in the world.中国是世界
上最古老的国家之一。
考点3.feel free
3. Feel free to ask me anything on today’s Great Wall tour. 关于今天的长城之旅，请随意向我提问。
feel free是英语口语中一个常用表达。feel free to do sth.表示＂无拘束做某事，按照自己的意愿去做某
事＂。If you have any questions, please feel free to ask me. 如果有任何问题，请随意提问。
【经典练】1．—If you have any questions, please feel ________ to ask me.
—Thank you for saying so.
A．relaxing B．interesting C．free D．fun
【写作佳句】（2020·江苏苏州·统考中考真题）Neither do I. I feel much freer in the countryside.我也不喜欢。
我在乡下感到更自由。
考点4.protect
4. The main reason was to protect their part of the country. 主要原因是保护他们那部分的国土。
protect v. 保护；防护。常用短语：
protect...from/against...保护……免受/遭……
People build houses to protect themselves against bad weather.人们建造房屋来抵御坏天气。
Knowing some ways to protect yourself will help to keep you safe in the earthquake.
了解一些保护自己的方法将有助于你在地震中保证自身的安全。
【经典练】1．Parents shouldn’t do all the things for kids because too much ________ stops kids’ growth.
A．introduction B．invitation C．pollution D．protection
【写作佳句】（2023·湖南湘西·统考中考真题）Wild animals will be in great danger unless we protect them
together.除非我们一起保护野生动物，否则它们将处于极大的危险之中。
考点5.as far as I know
5. As far as I know, there are no other man-made objects as big as this. 据我所知，再没有其他像它这样大
的人造物体了。
（1）as far as I know是一个固定的表达方式，还可以说so far as I know，意思是＂据我所知＂。
As far as I know, he will be away for three months. 据我所知，他将离开三个月。
As far as I can see, you have done nothing wrong. 依我看，你没有做错任何事。
as far as还可表示＂像……那样远；远到……＂，后跟名词或从句，强调至某一指明地点的距离。在否定
句中，也可用so far as。We went as far as Lion Rock Tunnel. 我们一直走到狮子山隧道公路那儿。
She didn’t go as far as the others (did). 她走得不像其他人那样远。
（2）man-made人造的，为形容词性的合成词。类似的有：good-looking相貌好看的；hard-working勤劳
的；well-known著名的；fast-food专门提供快餐服务的。
【经典练】1．________ I know, he is an excellent soccer player.
A．As long as B．As far as C．As soon as D．As well as
【写作佳句】（2023·湖北十堰·统考中考真题）—As far as I know, the high-speed railway from Shiyan to
Xi’an will be finished soon.据我所知，十堰到西安的高速铁路即将建成。
考点6.include
6. Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms. 更加严峻你的困难
包括极冷的天气状况和巨大的风暴。
（1）include为及物动词，其后可接名词或动名词，指在一个整体中包括了其中一部分内容或项目等，强
调包含部分。
The price includes both the house and the furniture. 价钱包括房子和家具(的价格)。(接名词)
Your duties include putting the children to bed. 你的责任包括安顿孩子们去睡觉。(接动名词)
【知识拓展】
including作介词，意为＂包括……在内＂，后面跟名词或代词，在句子中作状语，是对
主句的补充说明，一般用逗号与主句隔开。
（2） condition名词，意为＂条件；状况＂，既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词。
Everything is in good condition. 一切状况良好。
He is overweight and out of condition. 他体重超重且健康状况不佳。
【知识拓展】
condition的相关搭配：
in good/bad/excellent condition 状况好/糟糕/极佳
out of condition 健康状况不佳
living/working conditions 生活/工作条件
under the condition that 在……的前提下
【经典练】1．—What places are we going to visit in Beijing, Mum?
—Our tour will ________ three places of interest. They are the Great Wall, the Summer Palace and the Palace
Museum.
A．support B．include C．control【写作佳句】Bing Dwen Dwen shows the spirit of Olympics, including a strong mind and a healthy body.冰墩
墩吗展示了奥林匹克精神，包括强健的头脑和健康的身体。
考点7.“It is + adj.+ to do sth.”句型
7. It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. 当你接近山顶的时候，你还会感到呼吸非常困
难。
★“It is + adj.+ to do sth.”句型中It作形式主语放在句首,而把真正的主语放在句尾。常用于此句型的形
容词有important, difficult, dangerous, necessary, useful, possible等,用来对to do sth.进行说明。此句型可
以转换成“To do sth.is+adj.”。
It is important to study English well.学好英语很重要。
It’s very difficult to climb Qomolangma.攀登珠穆朗玛峰很难。
（2）as作连词，相当于when。as引导时间状语从句，作＂当……的时候＂解，有＂随着……＂之
意，与while意义相近，强调两个动作同时发生，或某事一发生，另一事立即发生。
He shouted aloud as he ran along. 他一边往前跑，一边高声地呼喊。
I was startled as he opened the door. 他一开门，我吓了一跳。
【经典练】1．（2023·江苏无锡·统考中考真题）—Thank goodness! The virus is gone.
—Well, it’s ________ to say that. You’d better still wear a mask in public.
A．too late B．late enough C．too early D．early enough
【写作佳句】（2023·湖南湘西·统考中考真题）It is necessary to wear a helmet (头盔) when we are riding a
bicycle to ensure our safety.当我们骑自行车时，有必要戴上头盔以确保我们的安全。
考点8.succeed
9. ... while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975. ……而来自日本的田部井淳子
在1975年成为第一个成功的女登山者。
succeed是不及物动词，意为＂实现目标；成功＂，不能用于被动语态。常用短语：succeed in doing
sth. 成功做成某事；succeed in sth.在某方面获得成功。
His plan succeeded. 他的计划成功了。
—Could you tell me how to succeed in making a speech in front of people?
你能告诉我怎样在人们面前成功发表演讲吗？
—Be confident. That’s the point. 要有信心。这就是要点。
You won’t succeed in the work if you don’t put your mind to it. 如果你不专心工作，工作就不会做好。
【知识拓展】
(1)success n. 成功The party was a big success. 晚会非常成功。
(2)successful adj. 成功的
I was successful in passing the math exam. 我成功地过了这次数学测验。
(3)successfully adv. 成功地
He solved the problem successfully. 他成功地解决了那个问题。
【经典练】1.—I’m afraid I can’t pass the exam.
—Don’t worry. If you work hard, you’ll ________.
A．succeed B．waste C．improve D．develop
写作佳句】（2022·北京·统考中考真题）Don’t lose heart. If you keep working hard, you will succeed some
【
day.不要灰心。如果你继续努力，将来某一天你会成功的。
考点9.challenge
9. One of the main reasons is that people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. 一个主要
的原因是人们想在面对困难时挑战自己。
★challenge此处用作及物动词，意为＂挑战；考验＂。
This discovery challenges traditional beliefs. 这项发现是对传统信念的冲击。
（1）challenge sb. to sth./to do sth.向某人挑战……，(尤指在对方不情愿时)强烈建议某人做某事。
Mike challenged me to a game of chess. 迈克硬逼着要和我下一盘棋。
He challenged me to play chess. 他向我挑战下象棋。
（2）challenge作可数名词，意为＂挑战；比赛等的邀请＂ 常跟介词短语to或动词不定式。
We accepted their challenge to a baseball game. 我们接受了他们棒球邀请的挑战。
Our teachers usually give us some advice on how to face the difficulties and challenges bravely. 我们的老师通常
给我们一些关于如何勇敢地面对困难和挑战的建议。
【知识拓展】
challenge作名词的相关短语：
face a challenge面临挑战
meet the challenge of... 迎接……的挑战
accept/take up a challenge 接受挑战
mount a challenge 发起挑战
a challenge to 对……的质疑
【经典练】1．—Finding information is not a big deal today.
—Well, the ______ is how we can tell whether the information is useful or not.A．choice B．knowledge C．advice D．challenge
写作佳句】（2020·青海西宁·中考真题）Life is a challenge , meet it! Life is a dream, realize it!生活是一个
【
挑战，迎接它！生活是一个梦想，实现它！
考点10.achieve
10. The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. 这些登
山者的精神向我们表明：我们绝不应该放弃实现我们梦想的尝试。
（1）give up 意为＂放弃＂，后面可以接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。如果宾语是名词，那么名词
可以放在 give 和 up 之间，也可以放在 up 之后；如果宾语是代词，那么代词只能放在 give 和 up 之
间。
My uncle wants to give up drinking wine. 我叔叔想戒酒。
Although English isn’t easy to learn, I won’t give it up. 虽然英语不易学，但我不会放弃。学科&网
（2）achieve及物动词，意为＂达到；完成；成功＂，其宾语可以是＂实现＂的目标、目的等，也可以是
＂取得＂的胜利、成功、名誉、地位等。
By bringing soccer to the schools, President Xi hopes he can achieve his dream and China’s dream of playing for
the World Cup, hosting the World Cup and finally, winning the World Cup. 通过＂足球进校园＂，习主席希望
他能实现自己的梦想和中国参加世界杯，举办世界杯，最终赢得世界杯的梦想。
She achieved no success. 她没有获得成功。
注意：
achieve表示＂实现＂时，与realize，come true同义，但come true为不及物动词短语，而另外两个均为及
物动词。
He achieved/realized his dream. 他的梦想实现了。
【知识拓展】
achieve(v.)→achievable(adj.)可达到的→achievement(n.)成就；成绩
As we reached the top of the mountain, we felt a sense of achievements. 当我们到达山顶时，
我们感到有一种成就感。
【易混辨析】 achieve与come true的区别
achieve指实现梦想、目标，主语是人。
achieve
He hopes to achieve all his aims soon. 他希望尽快达到所有目标。
come true实现，主语多是梦想、蓝图、计划等。
come true
At last, his dream came true. 最后，他实现了他的梦想。【经典练】
1．Very often, the teens are encouraged ________ their goals through effort.
A．achieve B．achieving C．to achieve D．to achieving
写作佳句】（2023·四川泸州·统考中考真题） If you work hard enough, you will succeed in achieving your
【
goal.如果你足够努力，你就会成功实现你的目标。
考点11.force
11. It also shows that humans can sometimes be stronger than the forces of nature. 它也显示了人类有时能
比自然的力量更强大。
（1）force名词，意为＂力，力量＂
the force of nature 自然力量 the force of an explosion 爆炸力
【知识拓展】
force可用作动词，意为＂强迫，迫使＂。force sb to do sth意为＂破使某人做某事＂。
They forced him to leave the small town. 他们迫使他离开这个小镇。
（2）nature不可数名词，意为＂自然界；大自然＂，其形容词形式为 natural，意为＂自然的；自然界的；
天生的＂。
They stopped to enjoy the beauty of nature. 他们停下来欣赏大自然的美景。
The country’s natural resources include forests, coal and oil. 这个国家的自然资源包括森林、煤和石油。
He is a natural musician. 他天生是个音乐家。
【经典练】1．The boss ________ his workers to work 12 hours a day.
A．made B．suggested C．forced
【写作佳句】（2023·辽宁营口·中考真题）In order not to miss the earliest flight, my sister forced herself to
get up early this morning.为了不错过最早的航班，今天早晨我妹妹强迫自己早起。
考点12.even though
12. Why do so many people try to climb this mountain even though it is dangerous? 为什么即使它很危险
还有那么多的人尽力攀登这座山？
even though用作从属连词，意为＂即使；尽管＂，相当于even if，引导让步状语从句，不与并列连
词but连用。even if的从句中含有强烈的假定性，even though则多以从句之内容为前提。
Even if you don’t succeed, they will stand by you. 即使你们不成功，他们也会支持你们。
Even though I have opposed him, he is an honest man. 尽管我反对过他，但他是一个诚实的人。【知识拓展】
引导让步状语从句的还有：
though/although虽然 whoever/no matter who无论谁
however/no matter how无论怎样 whatever/no matter what无论什么
【经典练】1．______ we haven’t seen each other for long, we’ll never break off our friendship.
A．Now that B．Ever since C．Even though D．Because of
写作佳句】（2023·黑龙江·统考中考真题）I will never forget that car accident even though it happened so
【
long ago.我永远不会忘记那场车祸，尽管它发生在很久以前。
考点13.weigh
13. This elephant weighs many times more than this panda. 这只大象比这只大熊猫重很多倍。
（1）weigh既可作及物动词，表＂称重＂，也可作连系动词，表＂有……重；重＂。
I weighed the box. It weighs 20 kg. 我称了这个盒子，它重20公斤。
She is afraid of becoming fat. She weighs herself every day. 她怕发胖。每天都称体重。
【知识拓展】
其名词形式为weight。常用短语：in weight在体重方面。
The boy weighs 20 kg.＝The boy is 20 kg in weight. 这个男孩重20公斤。
（2）time在此意为＂倍数，次数＂，表示三倍或三倍以上时使用。表示 ＂A 比B长（宽、高、大、重
等）N倍＂时，其结构为＂A＋be＋基数词（N＋1）＋times＋形容词比较级＋than＋B ＂。
This hall is five times bigger than our classroom. 这个大厅比我们的教室大四倍。
I have been to Beijing three times. 我去过北京三次了。学科&网
【注意】＂两倍＂可用twice表示。
【知识拓展】
表示＂A 的长度（宽度，高度，大小，重量等）是 B 的 n倍＂，可用 ＂A ＋ be ＋
基数词（N）＋times ＋ as ＋ 形容词原级 ＋ as ＋ B＂结构。
This tree is three times as tall as that one. 这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。
His father is twice as old as he. 他父亲的年纪有他两倍大。
【经典练】1．The baby _________ 4 kilogram at birth. Do you know her _________ now?A．weighs; weigh B．weighed; weight
C．weighted; weigh D．weighed; weighs
写作佳句】（2022·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）—Laura spoke very slowly to people to weigh what she would
【
say. 劳拉对人说话很慢，以便权衡她要说什么。
考点14.up to
14. A panda can live up to 20 to 30 years. 大熊猫能活20至30岁。
up to到达(某数量、程度等)；至多有；不多于。live up to指＂活到……岁＂。
There are up to seventy students in the classroom. 教室里学生不多于七十人。
The old man can live up to ninety years. 这位老人能活到九十岁。
Do you know his date of birth? 你知道他的出生日期吗？
【知识拓展】
up to的其他含义：
（1）up to 直到；到……为止
Up to now everything has been successful. 到目前为止，一切都很顺利。
（2）up to sb. 某人的责任；由……决定
I think I will leave it up to you. 我想让你决定。
【经典练】1．—What do you want to have for dinner, David?
— ________ I’m OK with whatever you cook.
A．No problem. B．It’s up to you. C．I can’t stand it. D．Help yourself.
写作佳句】（2023·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）You mean if it’s up to the standard, it will be put on the market
【
soon.你的意思是，如果它达到标准，它很快就会上市。
考点15.birth
15. At birth, a baby panda is about 0.1 to 0.2 kilos. 出生时，一只大熊猫宝宝大约0.1到0.2千克重。
birth n. 出生;诞生。常见搭配：
at birth出生时
date of birth出生日期
give birth to生孩子
What’s your date of birth?你是哪天出生的?
【易混辨析】 born/birth
(1) born是bear的过去分词,意为“出生”,常用结构:sb.was/were born。I was born in summer in 1988.
我出生于1988年的夏天。
(2) birth是名词,意为“出生,诞生,分娩”,反义词是death,意为“死,死亡”。
She gave birth to a girl last night.她昨晚生了一个女孩。
【经典练】1．—_________ birth, the baby panda is only around 15cm long.
—Really? I never saw the baby panda.
A．In B．At C．On D．With
【写作佳句】National Day is a time to celebrate the birth of the People’s Republic of China（中华人民共和
国）.国庆节是庆祝中华人民共和国诞生的日子。
考点16.prepare
16. Panda keepers are preparing milk for the baby pandas’ breakfast. 大熊猫饲养员正在准备大熊猫宝宝
的早餐牛奶。
prepare sth. for sb./sth. 给……准备……。
She prepared a nice breakfast for us. 她给我们准备了可口的早餐。
【知识拓展】
(1) prepare sb. for sth. 使某人对某事有所准备
She said so because she wanted to prepare her father for the bad news.
她这样说是因为她想让爸爸对那个坏消息有所准备。
(2) prepare to do sth. 准备做……
They were preparing to cross the river when it began to rain. 他们正准备过河，这时下雨了。
(3) prepare sb. to do sth. 使某人准备做某事
[来源:Z,xx,k.Com]
Father is preparing my little brother to go to school. 父亲正使我的小弟弟为上学做准备。
(4) be prepared for sth. 为……做好了准备，强调状态。
They were prepared for the worst. 他们已准备好了应付最坏的情况。
(5) prepare for意为＂为……做准备＂，for后面的宾语是准备的对象。
The students are busy preparing for the final exam. 学生们正在忙着准备期末考试。
【经典练】1．Today is Mother’s Day. My Dad ________ a special dinner for my Grandma at the moment.
A．prepare B．prepared
C．is preparing D．will prepare
写作佳句】（2023·云南·统考中考真题）Today is Father’s Day, and I plan to prepare a dinner for my father.
【
今天是父亲节，我打算为父亲准备一顿晚餐。考点17. awake
16. …they find that most of the babies are already awake and hungry. ……他们发现大多数的大熊猫宝宝
已经醒来并且饿了。
awake此处用作形容词，意为“醒着的”，它在句中常作表语。反义词是asleep。
Is he awake or asleep？他是醒着还是睡着了？
注意：awake不用于名词前作定语。
【易混辨析】awake与wake
awake形容词，意为“醒着”，常用作表语
wake动词，意为“弄醒；醒”，常与副词up连用
It’s eleven at night. He is still awake. 夜里十一点了，他还没有睡。
Please wake me up at six in the morning. 请早上六点叫醒我。
【经典练】1．________ the evening of 18th December, many football fans stay ________ to watch the World
Cup Final on TV at home.
A．On; alive B．In; alive C．On; awake D．In; awake
【写作佳句】（2020·江苏常州·统考中考真题）Don’t worry. He has been awake for half an hour.别担心。他
已经醒了半小时了。
考点18.excitement
17.. …, they run over to them with excitement and some of the young pandas even walk into their friends
and fall over! ……它们兴奋地跑向他们，其中一些年幼的大熊猫甚至撞上自己的伙伴而跌倒。
（1）excitement n. 激动；兴奋。
The excitement of the games has made them tired. 做游戏的兴奋使他们很疲劳。
【易混辨析】excite、exciting、excited、excitement
The news excited everybody. 消息鼓舞了每
excite 动词，意为＂使兴奋，使激动＂。
个人。
意为＂令人兴奋的＂，主语一般是 The news is so exciting that we can’t go to
exciting
物，在句中作表语或定语 sleep. 这个消息让我们兴奋得无法入睡。
形容词，意为＂兴奋的＂，多指人
受到事物的影响，主语一般是人， We are very excited to hear of your success.
excited
在句中作表语。be excited about 表 听到你们的成功，我们非常兴奋。
示＂对……感到激动＂。
名词，意为＂激动，兴奋＂。 to
excitement To my excitement, our team won. 让我兴奋
one’s excitement意为＂使某人兴奋的是＂。 的是，我们队赢了。
（2）fall over表示＂绊倒，摔倒＂。
She hit him so hard that she fell over. 她重重地撞击他，结果自己摔倒了。
【易混辨析】fall down、fall off、fall over
强调的是＂向前摔倒、跌倒＂，后 The boy hit the tree so hard that he fell down.
fall down
面不接宾语。 男孩重重地撞在树上，结果自己倒下了。
The girl is falling off the bike.
强调的是＂滑倒、倒下＂，后面接
fall off 宾语时应加上介词from。 （＝ The girl is falling down from the bike.）
女孩正从自行车上摔下来。
强调的是＂跌落、从……掉下来 I saw the little girl fall over. 我看到这个小女
fall over
[来 ＂，后面不接宾语。 孩跌倒了。
源:Z+xx+k.Com]
【经典练】1．What an _______ day it is! We can enjoy the fun of having snowball fights at school.
A．bad B．awful C．nice D．exciting
写作佳句】（2022·辽宁盘锦·统考中考真题）Leo likes speed skating and he thinks it’s the most exciting
【
event at the Beijing Winter Olympics.利奥喜欢速度滑冰，他认为这是北京冬奥会上最激动人心的项目。
考点19.feed
18. I wash, feed and play with them every day. 我每天给它们清洗、喂食，陪它们玩耍。
（1）feed (fed，fed)作及物动词，意为＂喂养，饲养＂，强调动作。
She was feeding the baby with porridge. 她正给宝宝喂粥。
【知识拓展】
feed sb./sth.喂养某人或某种动物。feed... to... 把……喂给……；feed... on/with... 用……来
喂养……；feed on... 以……为食。
Could you please feed my cat? 你可以帮我喂一下猫吗？
Mother is feeding milk to her baby. 母亲正在给宝宝喂奶。
He feeds the ducks on grains of rice. 他用稻谷粒饲养鸭子。
Horses feed on grass. 马吃草(马以草为食)。
Sheep feed chiefly on grass. 绵羊主要以草为食。
（2）play表示＂玩＂，play with sb./sth. 和某人/物一起玩。
Don’t play with fire. 不要玩火。【经典练】1．—Did Tina see you go into the house?
—I don’t think so. She ________ her little cat then.
A．feeds B．fed C．was feeding D．is feeding
【写作佳句】（2022·贵州黔西·统考中考真题）I’m also interested in the show of sea-lion feeding. I want to
learn how they feed the sea lions.我还对海狮喂食表演感兴趣。我想知道他们是如何喂养海狮的。
考点20.die
19. The babies often die from illnesses and do not live very long. 大熊猫宝宝经常死于疾病，或者活不了多
久。
（1）die动词，意为＂死＂，过去式为died，现在分词为dying。die from表示＂死于(创伤、劳累、
忧愁等外部原因)＂。die of 表示＂死于……病＂或死于饥饿或过度悲伤等自身原因，但是在表示疾病的
名词前用die from或die of都可以。
She died from/of cancer. 她死于癌症。
The old man died from an accident. 这个老人死于一起事故。
His father died of starvation in Germany. 他的父亲饿死在德国。
（2）illness n.(名词) 疾病。
He had several illnesses, including heart disease. 他患有多种疾病，其中包括心脏病。学科&网
【易混辨析】ill、illness、sick、disease
作＂生病的＂讲时只作表语， She can’t go to school because she is ill. 她不能
ill
不作定语，比较级为worse。 上学了，因为她病了。
是ill的名词形式，意为＂病， She can’t go to school because of her illness. 她
illness
疾病＂。 不能上学了，因为她病了。
Please take good care of the sick boy. 请照顾好
作＂生病的＂讲时，既可作表
这个生病的男孩。
语(此时相当于 ill)，也可作定
sick When she got up, she felt a little sick and took
语；sick作表语时还表示＂恶
some medicine. 她起来时感到有点恶心，于是
心的，要引起呕吐的＂之意。
吃了些药。
n. 病；疾病。为各种疾病的术
Smoking can increase the risk of developing
disease 语；常表示特定的、具体的病
[来源:学§科§网] heart disease. 吸烟会增加得心脏病的危险。
名、病类。
【经典练】1．—Tom is late for the first class again.
-
—As the saying goes, “_________ .” Let’s help him.A．Old habits die hard B．It’s never too old to study C．No place like home
写作佳句】If we don’t care for these animals, they will die out from the earth. 如果我们不照顾这些动物，
【
它们将从地球上灭绝。
考点20. huge adj. 巨大的；极多的。
There is a huge building near the river. 河边有幢大楼。
【易混辨析】huge、great、big
指实物时，强调尺寸或容量的庞 We’ll have to use leverage to move this huge
huge 大，指抽象事物时有＂重大的，极 rock. 我们不得不借助杠杆之力来移动这块
大的＂意思。 巨石。
She has made great progress. 她取得了巨大的
常用来修饰抽象名词，含有一定的 进步。
great 感情色彩，表示＂巨大，伟大，突
出＂的意思。 China is a great country. 中国是一个伟大的
国家。
指具体事物的大小，是普通用词， Can you lift up this big stone? 你能举起这块
big
与small相对。 大石头吗？
【经典练】1．An aircraft carrier is a ________ ship that warplanes can take off from and land on.
A．heavy B．high C．wide D．huge
【答案】D
【详解】句意：航空母舰是一艘巨大的船只，战机可以在上面起飞和降落。考查形容词辨析。heavy重的；
high高的；wide宽的；huge巨大的。根据aircraft carrier可知是航空母舰，因此是巨大的。故选D。
【写作佳句】（2021·山东临沂·统考中考真题）Everyone knows now that plastic pollution is a huge problem
for the environment.现在每个人都知道塑料污染是一个巨大的环境问题。
一．语法精讲
（一）基数词
基
数
词
[ 来源
: 学科网
ZXXK]
(1)1—10 one, two, three, ... ten
[来源:学科网][来源:Z。xx。k.Com]
(2)11—20 eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, ... twenty(3) 21—99 twenty-one, ... ninety-nine
(4) 百位数 101——one hundred and one 注意百位与十位间加and
(5) 千位数以上 从数字的右端往左数，每三位数加一个逗号＂，＂，从右开始第一个前面的
数字加thousand，第二个逗号前的数字加million，第三个逗号前的数字加billion，然后一节一
节分别表示。
2,648——two thousand six hundred and forty-eight
16, 250,164——sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand one hundred and sixty-four
5,237,166,234——five billion two hundred and thirty-seven million one hundred and sixty-six
thousand and two hundred and thirty-four
表示＂数以百计＂用hundreds of；＂成千上万＂用thousands of；＂数百万＂用millions of；＂数十亿
＂用billions of，且它们前面不可加任何具体的数词。也就是说当hundred，thousand，million，billion前
有具体的数词时，其后不能加s；但当hundred，thousand，million，billion与of连用时，则用其复数形式，
表示不确定的数目，其前不能有具体的数词。
There are hundreds of foreign students in their school. 他们学校有数百名外国学生。
Six hundred books were sent to the children. 六百本书被邮寄给了孩子们。学@科网
巧记hundred，thousand，million的用法：
模糊数目两有（有s，有of），具体数目两无（无s，无of）。
（二）形容词、副词的比较等级
1. 形容词和副词的比较级与最高级的变化规则
（1）规则变化
情况 规则 例词
一般情况 直接加-es / -est tall→taller→tallest
以不发音的字母e结尾的词 加-r / -st nice→nicer→nicest
dry→drier→driest
以＂辅音字母+y＂结尾的词 变y为i，再加-er / -est
heavy→heavier→heaviest
先双写辅音字母，再加-er /
以一个辅音字母结尾的词 thin→thinner→thinnest
-est
delicious→more
多音节和部分双音节单词 在词前加more / most
delicious→most delicious
（2）不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级good, well better best
bad, ill worse worst
many, much more most
little less least
far farther/further farthest/furthest
2. 形容词/副词原级的用法
（1）用于＂as...as...＂结构中，否定形式为not as/so...as...。
This picture is not so good as that one. 这幅画不如那幅好。
（2）表示＂A是B的……倍＂时，用A＋谓语动词＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as B。
Our school is twice as large as theirs. 我们学校是他们学校的两倍大。
（3）修饰形容词原级的词：very， too， so，enough等。
The girl is so beautiful. 这个女孩是如此的漂亮。
3. 形容词/副词比较级的用法
（1）A＋谓语动词＋比较级＋than B... A比B……
My bike is more beautiful than hers. 我的自行车比她的好看。
（2）Which/Who＋谓语动词＋比较级，A or B?
Who runs faster, Jim or Tom? 谁跑得更快，吉姆还是汤姆？
（3）表示＂越来越……＂时用比较级的重叠结构，即＂比较级＋and＋比较级＂，多音节词和部分
双音节词用＂more and more＋原级＂。
It’s becoming colder and colder. 天气变得越来越冷了。
The problem is becoming more and more serious. 问题变得越来越严重了。
（4）表示＂越……就越……＂时用＂the＋比较级，the＋比较级＂。
The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make. 你越细心，犯的错就会越少。
（5）表示＂两者之间比较……的一个＂时常用＂the＋比较级＋of the two＂。
He is the thinner of the two. 他是两个中较瘦的那一个。
（6）修饰比较级的词和短语有a little，a bit，a lot，much，far，even等。
You are a little thinner than Jim. 你比吉姆瘦点儿。
4. 形容词/副词最高级用法
（1）三者或三者以上比较用最高级，形容词最高级前加the，副词可不加。句末常跟in/of短语表示
范围。
Tom is the cleverest in his class. 汤姆是他班里最聪明的。
He runs fastest in the class. 在这个班里他跑得最快。（2）Which/Who＋谓语动词＋the＋形容词/副词最高级，A，B or C?
Who is the tallest, Tom, Kate or Bill? 谁是最高的，汤姆、凯特还是比尔？
二、谈论濒危动物与环境保护
本单元的话题是“自然和地理”，这类话题的写作主要涉及两方面：自然环境与名胜；谈论濒危动
物与环境保护。在写作时，能正确使用形容词和副词的比较级与最高级，能使用a lot/much/a little/many
times 等修饰形容词和副词的比较级。
【词汇积累】
◆开头句
①Welcome to China！I’m glad to be your guide today.
②Now let me tell you something about pandas.
③Have you seen tigers in zoos？I think the tiger is one of the most popular animals in the zoo.
④Now the number of them is becoming smaller and smaller.Why. Here are two main reasons.
◆中间句
①Pandas are white and black. They are very cute and friendly to people. They feed on bamboo.
②They mainly live in some forests and mountains.
③People cut down so many trees that the tigers have no places to live in and can’t find enough food.
④People hunt and kill them for their beautiful fur to make clothes or other things.
◆结尾句
①People started to realize the importance of protecting the environment.
②In my opinion，we must stop people from killing animals.
③Remember saving the animals means saving the earth and ourselves.
◆谚语积累
1.When the wells dry，we know the worth of water.
井枯方知水珍贵。
2.Protect wildlife and coexist with nature.
保护野生动物，人与自然共存。
3.Protecting wildlife means protecting human beings themselves!
保护野生动物就是保护人类自己！
4.Every life deserves respect. Please love animals.
每一个生命都值得尊重。请爱护动物。
【话题范文剖析】
本周末有一批外国游客要来动物园参观大熊猫，假如你是他们的导游，请你根据下面的要点提示写一篇
发言稿，向这些游客简要地介绍一下大熊猫，要求不少于80词。要点提示：1．大熊猫的外貌及性格特点是什么？
2．大熊猫以什么为食？它们主要生活在哪些地区？
3．大熊猫的生存现状是什么样的？中国政府为了保护大熊猫采取了哪些措施？
参考词汇：feed on以...为食；the number of...的数目
要求：
1．词数：80左右；
2．书写工整，句式规范，条理清楚，标点符号使用正确。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________
◆◆范文欣赏
Ladies and gentlemen，
Welcome to China！I'm glad to be your guide today.We will see lovely pandas soon.Now let me tell you
something about pandas.Pandas are white and black.They are very cute and friendly to people.They feed on
bamboo.They mainly live in some forests and mountains in Sichuan Province，Gansu Province and Shaanxi
Province.Now the number of pandas is less than 3，000，because people cut down many trees andthey can't find
enough food and don't have enough space to live in.So the Chinese government is thinking about ways to protect
them，such as building research bases and teaching people about the importance of saving pandas.Besides
these，the government is also planting more bamboo trees so there will be more forests for pandas to live in.
词汇梳理：
1. educate（v.教育) --- education(n.教育) ----educational (adj.有教育意义的)
---educator(n.教育工作者;教育学家) ---educated[adj.受过(良好)教育的,有教养的]
2. interview(v.采访)—interviewer(n.采访者)3. blind(adj、柄的,失明的)—blindness(n.失明)
4. medicine(n.医学;药)—medical(adj.医学的,医疗的)
5. treat(v.治疗;处理)—treatment(n.治疗)
6. proud(adj.自豪的,骄傲的)—pride(n.自豪,骄傲)
7. develop(v.发展;加强)—development(n.发展)—developing/developed(adj,发展中的/发达的)
8. include(v.包括,包含)—including(prep.包括,包含)—included(adj.包括在内的)
9. India(n.印度)—Indian(adj.印度的;n.印度人)
短语总结：
pocket money left 剩下的零花钱
all over the world全世界
basic education基础教育
equal rights平等的权利
the spread of...……的扩散/传播
volunteer doctors志愿者医生
do a good job做得不错
medical treatment医学治疗
go to hospital去看病
on board在飞机(船、火车)上
hand out分发;提出
hold a charity show举办慈善演出
set up建起,设立
World War 第二次世界大战
organize other activities组织其他活动
look pale看起来苍白
get toothache牙疼
have a check检查一下take the medicine服药
nothing serious没有什么严重的
make a lot of noise很吵闹
people with eye problems患有眼疾的人attend courses上课
train as a nurse接受护士培训
be used as a training centre被用作培训中心
enter a school进入学校raise money by...通过……筹集资金
carry on(with sth.) 继续开展,继续下去
with one's help 在某人的帮助下 = with the help of sb.
too .. . to...太………而不能………
用法归纳：
do/ perform an operation on sb =. operate on sb. 给某人做手术
What's the matter ( with sb. )?
What's wrong (with sb. )?
What happened (to sb. )?
(某人)怎么了?
make up one's mind to do sth.
make a decision to do sth.
decide to do sth.决定做某事
be afraid of doing sth.害怕做某事
get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事
provide sth. for sb.给某人提供某物
prevent sb. ( from) doing sth.
stop sb. ( from) doing sth.
keep sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事
can't afford to do sth.负担不起做某事
be proud to do sth.为做某事而感到自豪
be proud of... ....而感到自豪
be proud + that从句因....而自豪
二、句型归纳
1. What is the highest mountain in the world?
2. How high is Qomolangma?
3. It's higher than any other mountain.
4. Which is the deepest salt lake in the world?
5. The Caspian Sea is the deepest of all the salt lakes.
6. Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world?
7. The first people to reach the top were Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary on May 29, 1953.
8. One of the main reasons is that people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties.
三、语法知识形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
我们已经在八年级上册学习了形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成及基本用法。下面我们进一步
学习与其相关的其他知识点。
◆ 形容词和副词比较级的修饰语
1.比较级前可用much, a lot, far, a bit, a little, any, even, still等词修饰，表示“更加……”。如：
Now I feel a lot more relaxed.
Mary’s room is a little bigger than Tina’s.
This book is even more useful than that one.
2.比较级前还可加表示数量的词。如：
This hill is 5 meters higher than that one.
Peter arrived here ten minutes earlier than me.
The elephant eats many times more than the dog.
(该句中time意为“倍”；表达“两倍”用twice，表达“三倍及三倍以上”用“基数词+times”，如four
times)
◆ 形容词最高级的其他用法
1.形容词最高级可被second, third等序数词修饰。如：
Bob is the third tallest boy in his class.
2.形容词最高级常用于句型“one of + the + 形容词最高级 +可数名词的复数形式”，意为“最……之
一”。如：
That is one of the most expensive restaurants in town.
◆形容词、副词比较级和最高级可以互相转换。
如：The ruler is shorter than the other rulers / any other ruler in the box. = The ruler is the shortest of all the
rulers in the box.
Bill gets up earlier than the other members / any other member in his family. = Bill gets up (the) earliest of all the
members in his family.
重点句式精讲
1. As far as I know, there are no man-made objects as big as this.
as far as I know是一个固定表达方式，还可以说so far as I know，意为“据我所知”。
例如：
As far as I know, Wang Tao has two brothers.据我所知，王涛有俩弟弟。
They’re not coming this Sunday, so far as I know.他们这周日不来了——就我所知是这样的。
2. This spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.
give up是动词短语，意为“放弃；停止；戒除”。give up doing something意为“放弃做某事；半途而废”。例如：
She doesn’t give up easily. 她不会轻易放弃。
The doctors had given her up but she made a remarkable recovery.
医生们已放弃了治愈她的希望，而她却恢复得很好。
You ought to give up smoking; I gave it up last year. 你应该戒烟，我去年就戒掉了。
【拓展】
give的相关短语：
give away赠送，分发；give off放出，释放；give in屈服，让步；
give out分发，用完；give back归还
3. Scientists say there are now fewer than 2,000 pandas living in the remaining forests.
本句中living in the remaining forests为现在分词短语，修饰名词pandas。
分词短语作定语时，应置于被修饰名词之后。例如：
The man standing by the window is our teacher. 站在窗边的那个人是我们老师。
（standing by the window就是一短语，也就是说不是一个单词，在此作定语表主动）
Suddenly there appeared a young woman dressed in green.
突然出现一个穿绿色衣服的女青年。（过去分词短语作定语表被动或完成）
【注意】
区别：现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生或与谓语动作同时（或基本同时）发生，表示主动意义；及物
动词的过去分词作定语表完成或被动的动作；不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表完成不表被动的动作。
例如：
They lived in the house facing the south.
他们住在朝南的房子里。 (现在分词作定语表示主动意义)
The meeting held yesterday is important.
昨天开的会议很重要。（及物动词的过去分词表被动或完成）
(2)分词短语作定语相当于一个定语从句，修饰前面的名词。例如：
The man reading a novel at the desk is my father.（现在分词表“主动、正在”）
= The man who is reading a novel at the desk is my father. 在桌边读小说的人是我父亲。
Is there anything planned for tonight? （过去分词表“被动、已经”）
= Is there anything that has been planned for tonight? 今晚有什么活动吗？
4. Pandas do not have many babies, maybe one every two years.
every+ 基数词+ 复数名词=every+ 序数词+ 单数名词，作“每(多少)”解。
例如：
every three days 每三天或每隔两天 相当于 every third dayWe hand in our homework every three days.我们每隔两天（每三天）交一次作业。
【拓展】
(1)“every other+单数名词”意为“每隔一……”。例如：
every other day 每隔一天 every other tree 每隔一棵树
(2)“every few+复数名词”意为“每隔几……”。例如：
every few days每隔几天
5. One of the world’s most dangerous sports is mountain climbing…
one of +the +形容词最高级+复数名词/代词，意为“最……之一”，当其作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
例如：
His brother is one of the tallest boys in the class. 他弟弟是这个班最高的男生之一。
The song is one of the most popular songs. 这首歌是最流行的歌之一。
One of us has nothing for breakfast. 我们中有一个人没吃早饭。
