文档内容
专题 12 七选五之依据行文手法（线索词汇+逻辑关系）解题
01专题网络·思维脑图
02考情分析·解密高考
03高频考点·以考定法
考点 依据行文手法设题
【高考解密】
命题点01 线索词汇题
命题点02 逻辑关系题
【技巧解密】
【考向预测】
04核心素养·微专题
微专题 解释说明句易错陷阱
05创新好题·分层练考点 考查内容
核心价值：
高考英语试卷取材广泛、体裁多样，引导学生德智体美劳全面发展，加强对中华优秀传统文化和
利 社会主义先进文化的考查，充分发挥文化铸魂的育人功能。
用 第一，强化体美劳教育引导，夯实全面发展基础。在美育融入试题方面，全国Ⅱ卷阅读题开启艺
术之旅的语篇，这些语篇旨在引导学生加深对艺术的认识，培养健康向上的审美情趣。在劳动教
设 育融入试题方面，各套试卷的语篇包含了学校园艺项目，烹饪习惯的改变等信息，涉及多种工作
场景，旨在引导学 生形成劳动观念，在学习和生活中培养劳动精神。
空
第三，关注时代发展与生活实践，引导学生培养核心素养。2023 年全国卷通过选取极简主义生
位
活、群体智慧效应、印刷书籍对人类的意义，实物对历史的重要性等具有探讨性和思辨性的材
料，引导学生形成独立思考的习惯，培养主动发现问题和解决问题的能力；通过选取建造生态机
置
器来净化污水等语篇，激发学生对科学实验与研究的兴趣通。
解
学科素养：
题 1. 从话题选择来看，近三年围绕人与自然、人与社会、人与自我三大主题全面考查英语综合运用
能力，试题取材广泛、体裁多样，进一步体现考试对五育（德、智、体、美、劳）全面发展的引
导作用，加强对中华优秀传统文化、和社会主义先进文化的考查，充分发挥文化铸魂育人功能。
落实立德树人，彰显德育本色 。2. 从命题方向及趋势来看，全国卷试题高考英语试题整体难度稳定且适中，从教材出发，强调主
干知识的运用以及基本能力的考查。同时全国卷试题高考英语试题注重考查学生的思维品质、创
新能力以及解决实际问题的能力。
高考考题设问
考查类别
项目 语篇类
主题语境
卷别 型 段首 段中 段尾句
句 句
新高考Ⅰ卷
说明文 人与自我·自我原谅的一些具体方法 0 4 1
新高考Ⅱ卷 说明文 人与社会·开始艺术之旅的好建议 1 3 1
2023年1月· 人与社会·如何使坐火车旅行尽可能愉
说明文 1 4 0
2023
浙江卷 快的建议
人与自我·介绍了成为一个有耐心的人
甲卷 说明文 1 3 1
的技巧
人与自然·介绍了在室内种植植物的好
乙卷 说明文 0 3 1
处以及如何选择适宜室内种植的植物
新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 人与社会·寻找锻炼伙伴 0 4 1
2022 甲卷 说明文 人与社会·外出用餐礼仪 1 3 1
乙卷 说明文 人与社会·如何维持友谊 3 1 1
新高考Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与社会·体验巴黎人的生活 1 4 0
2021 甲卷 说明文 人与社会·旧衣物交换活动 1 4 0
乙卷 说明文 人与自我·使自己变得有趣 2 2 1
命题点01 线索词汇题
典例01
【2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷】It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes
but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. 40. We’re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes
are a positive way to develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
典例02
【2023年新高考I卷】You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____19____ That way,
you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine
through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any
time.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
典例03
【2022·全国乙卷·节选】
·More isn't always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted
and what method works best for you both. 37 ．There are alternatives to constant written communication, such
as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
C．It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D．Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E．Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F．It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G．You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
命题点02 逻辑关系题典例01
【2023年1月·浙江卷】
With gas prices rising and airport security lines snaking longer than ever, why not book your next domestic
vacation on a train? Compared to other alternatives, it’s comfortable and relaxing. Here is some advice on how to
make a trip by rail as pleasant as possible.
Plan ahead. Most long-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out very quickly.
____36____ But no matter when you travel, it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance.
A．Train trips aren’t for impatient types.
B．You’ll have views from both sides of the train.
C．The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control.
D．That’s particularly true during busy summer months.
E．You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one.
F．Chances are the cost will be a lot less than the cost of one bedroom.
G．He may also book you in a sleeping car that’s right next to the diner.
典例02
【2022·全国乙卷·节选】
·Don't rely on technology alone
40 ， but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to
sustain.Try to seek out chances to renew friendships.How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever
possible.
D．Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E．Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F．It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G．You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
典例03
【2021全年国甲卷】
●Invite 5－10 people so you have a nice selection. Less people than that, and there may not be enough things to
choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.● 18 . They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.
G．Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
01 线索词汇题
一）高频词复现解题
1）复现，是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概
念进行重复描述。
复现关系，主要是指原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等。
2）同范畴词出现
同范畴词是指跟此词汇相关或同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的。你可以在选项中
找到与此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准。一般来说，上下文中词汇联系越接近，上下文的衔接关系越
紧密。
二）代词指代法解题
英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或起名词作用的短语、分句或句
子，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。代词指代一定要注意两种情况：一是选项中的代词要特别关注，二是空格后面的句子中的代词要特别关注。
02 逻辑关系题
一篇文章往往是一个有机的整体，各部分之间存在着一定的联系。从逻辑意义上来看，句子与句子之间常
常有并列、顺承、递进、转折、总分、解释、因果等关系，有时甚至包含多种这样的关系。因此，理解阅
读材料时一定要把握文章脉络，弄清其中的逻辑关系。如果文中或选项中出现了逻辑关系词，考生就可以
利用逻辑关系词来进行推断；如果文中或选项中未出现逻辑关系词，这就需要考生全面理解文章大意，根
据上下文语境弄清文章内在的逻辑关系，做出正确的判断。
逻辑连接是组织文章最主要的方式，语义逻辑构成了语篇的框架。对常用的逻辑关系了然于心，并在阅读
时能有效地找出其连接的对应点，是学生解答“七选五”的关键。
“七选五”中常见的逻辑连接可以归类为六种：
（1）并列选择，指选项与前句或后句在结构或内容上一致；
（2）顺承递进，指后句对前句进行补充说明或语义上的延伸；
（3）转折对比，指选项与前句或后句语义相反或相对，后句往往是对前句的修正，表达作者的真正意图；
（4）因果目的，指选项与前后句构成因果关系；（5）概括阐释，指前句对后句或后句对前句进行归纳概括，若前句归纳，后句即是对前句的具体阐释，
使得概念更加清晰易懂；若后句概括，即后句是对前句所阐释的内容进行意义整合；
（6）例证关系，指后句是前句的具体实例。
考向01-线索词汇题
1.【
2022·全国甲卷·节选】
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions.When you put them down
between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. 37
．
A．The more friends you make in your lifetime
B．The more time you spend in any given country
C．Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D．Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E．It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F．Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G．It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
2.【2023·湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学第二次学业质量评价检测】
Like it or love it, social media is a major part of life. Teens spend more than half of their waking hours online.
They use some of that time to post pictures and create profiles on social media accounts. ____1____
...
Joining social media can give people a sense of being in the know. But posts may exaggerate (夸大) how well
our friends and others are feeling, making them appear much happier than we are. ____5____
A．It can also lower the viewer’s self-control.
B．A popular post doesn’t necessarily mean it is a quality post.
C．It’s no surprise: Feedback from peers affects how teens behave.
D．Their brains respond to those likes by turning on the reward center.
E．And that can, inappropriately, make us feel less successful than them.F．But those “likes” can have power that goes beyond a simple connection.
G．Most of what they do is read and respond to posts by friends and family.
考向02-逻辑关系题
1.【2022上·山东聊城·高三校考期中】
Don’t look back.
Once you’ve taken all the necessary steps in making the right decision, don’t look back. 23 For
example, let’s say you want to quit smoking. If you never tell yourself that you will smoke again, chances are that
you won’t. However, if you open the door in your mind that only one cigarette won’t hurt, then chances are that you
will not be able to quit. 24
Talk to people and seek advice.
It’s good to get help from our peers. For decision making, you can also look for help, but do not ask someone
to make the decision for you. 25 Most of the time, we are afraid of the outcome because it’s unknown.
This is normal and we need to learn to overcome that.
A．Believe it’s the best choice and never open the door in your mind to change it.
B．Trust your peers’ judgements and decisions every now and then.
C．When it comes to the decision making in the life, you should be determined.
D．Ultimately, you’ll have to make the decision yourself with the gathered information.
E．Look at every aspect of the problem before making the decision.
F．However, most of us are incapable of making decisions and sticking by them.
G．Our thoughts are not only our greatest friend but also our most powerful enemy.
2.【2023上·江西南昌·高三校考期中】
The strain has pushed record numbers of people toward the UK’s legions of food banks providing free
groceries as wages have failed to keep pace with inflation.
The Trussell Trust, which distributes groceries to about 1,200 food banks, said last week that its network had
handed out nearly 3 million emergency food parcels in the year to the end of March. 29 , and a 37%
rise on the previous 12-month period.
“We are experiencing an unprecedented rise in the number of people coming to the food bank. 30 .”
Brian Thomas, chief executive at South Tyneside Foodbank, located in England’s northeast, said in a statement.A．That’s a record for a single year
B．Food price rises show no signs of pulling back
C．Inflation in the UK has rocketed over the past year
D．The increasingly higher prices are beyond people’s expectations.
E．Food banks have finally removed those long-accumulated products.
F．But millions of people are struggling to make ends meet as prices rise
G．They are no longer able to balance a low income against rising living costs
解释说明句易错陷阱
如果设空在段中，则首先关注选项中的人称代词如，they, he, it等和空格后面的这些人称代词。同时注重
瞻前顾后，看前后是否存在例证关系、因果关系、转折关系、递进关系等。如果考查段落间的过渡句，则
可以结合词汇复现原则看是否对上句有补充说明同时和后句有正确的逻辑关系。此类考题考生多数只看前
句，不看后句。
【江苏省镇江第一中学2023-2024学年高三学情检测】
Work from Anywhere Movement
For a lot of us, working from wherever we wanted was a bit of a dream. It would mean we’d be able to visit
family and not take holiday days. But suddenly that “dream” of not working in the office became a reality for many.
Working from home over the last years has proven that it isn’t always necessary for teams to physically be together
and there is more flexibility. There are a lot of benefits for companies and workers.
An obvious benefit for many employers is reduced costs. With a widespread workforce, there’s no need to
have an office big enough for everyone. They also save on travel costs, as meetings that once “needed” to be done
face-to-face can now be done online. 37 With the work from anywhere movement, employers can hire
global talents. They’re not restricted to people living nearby.
A．But it’s not only about money.
B．However, every coin has two sides.
C．It decreases stress and other concerns.
D．Your time is spent on the things that matter.
E．There are a lot of benefits for companies and workers.F．Offering remote job positions makes a company more competitive.
G．Offices are increasingly where you go to put the company into company.
（2023上·陕西安康·高三统考期中）
Back pain can make it difficult for you to function in daily life. To be exact, it can affect how you move, feel
and think, leaving you no choice but to take some kind of action. 1
Move more
Regular movement helps keep your body flexible and pain-free, especially for your back muscles. 2 ,
set a time r to remind you to get up and move every hour. Adding about 10 minutes of activity to your day improves
your overall health and increases your length of life.
Switch sides
Using your dominant side too much can lead to muscle imbalances and more back pain and injuries. 3
, like opening doors or carrying bags, which can cause you to lean to one side. Remember to switch sides when
carrying things, try using your non-dominant hand and change where you sit on the couch to prevent this.
Correct imbalances
4 , you should also be aware of and correct imbalances in movements meant to be symmetrical (对称
的). These include walking, running, cycling, swimming and the like. Your body is designed to perform these
activities in a balanced and alternating pattern.
5
Most mental stress is caused by focusing on the past or future, and actively being mindful of the present
moment reduces stress. Stay active, and stop thinking about the past or worrying about the future. Doing
mindfulness practices and having breathing breaks into your routine can be effective in reducing back pain.
A．Live for today
B．Remember the past
C．If you sit for a long time
D．Think about your everyday activities
E．Just as you switch sides to balance your body
F．Because it is time to let such imbalances continueG．Read on for the following everyday fixes to relieve the pain
（2023上·福建泉州·高三校考期中）
Kindness May Keep You Healthy
If you are driving in the United States, you may see a common bumper (汽车保险杠) sticker on passing
vehicles that reads: 11 The saying is meant to urge people to behave in a gentle, caring, and helpful way
towards others without thinking or planning ahead.
12 In one experiment, Brian are, an anthropologist (人类学家) at Duke University, asked a group of
people to perform three acts of generosity for other individuals each week. These acts could be small, like opening
a door for someone. The people who were caring, gentle and friendly towards others reported experiencing
contentment, satisfaction and happiness.
However, being kind is not just emotionally beneficial. Lyubomirsky studied a group of people with the
disease Multiple Sclerosis (多发性硬化). 13 Her research also pointed out that people showing kindness to
others had less inflammation (炎症) in their bodies. And in other studies, Lyubomirsky said more anti-viral genes
were found in people who extended a helping hand to other people
14 In one study, researchers gave people a list of values — such as kindness, creativity, ambition,
tradition, security, seeking social justice, and seeking power. When asked to pick the most important, kindness won.
“The basic reason why people are kind,” Oliver Curry, explained, the research director at Kind-lab that is a
non-profit organization, “is that we are social animals. Kindness is as much a part of us as our anger, grief or
desire.” 15
A．Perform random acts of kindness
B．Acts of kindness are very powerful
C．In other words, we are designed to be kind.
D．She found that they felt better physically when helping others.
E．Research shows that doing kind things can make us feel better
F．He found that being kind makes people feel better emotionally,
G．Other research has shown that many people prize kindness above other values
（2023上·重庆·高三重庆巴蜀中学校考期中）
Time is one of the most valuable commodities we have. It is a non-renewable resource that,once lost, cannot
be regained. 16 But how we choose to spend it can make or break our lives.
We frequently run out of time in today’s fast-paced world. We have deadlines, appointments andresponsibilities to meet within a certain time. 17 We may believe that we have all the time in the world, but
before we know it, the day is over, the week is over and another year has passed.
The proverb “time and tide wait for none” reminds us that time is a limited resource that we must make the
most of. 18 We should prioritize our tasks, set goals and work towards achieving them. We should avoid
procrastination (拖延) and make every moment count.
19 We live in a world where social media, emails and notifications take most of our attention. It is so
easy to get sucked into endlessly watching videos or looking at posts. However,if we allow these distractions to
take over, we risk wasting valuable time that could be spent on more productive activities.
“Time and tide wait for none” also reminds us that time is valuable and should not be squandered (挥霍). We
should treasure every moment and make the most of it. We should spend time with our loved ones, pursue our
passions and do things that make us happy. 20
The proverb serves as a powerful reminder of the value of time management. Time is a finite resource that
must be used wisely. So, let us all strive to maximise our time and live our lives to the fullest.
A．We all have the same amount of time in a day.
B．Life is too short to waste time on things that don’t matter.
C．Distractions are one of the most difficult challenges we face.
D．It encourages us to be mindful of our time and to use it wisely.
E．It’s all too easy to let time slip away while browsing our news feeds.
F．It illustrates the idea that time is fleeting and it doesn’t wait for anyone.
G．With so much to do, it’s easy to lose track of time and allow it to pass by you.
（2023上·湖北襄阳·高三校联考期中）
Have you ever wondered about the significance of emotions in our life? Emotions play a critical part in our
lives. 21 Let me give you an example here: When you are with your loved ones, your mood changes
instantly right? If they feel happy then you feel happy, and if they feel angry/sad then so do you. Starting to get
what I was talking about in the beginning? Should you be feeling like that? In certain situations, yes, but every
time, no!
You may find it very hard to believe but it is not our responsibility to bear other people’s feelings, this is
something that they have to do themselves. 22 Apart from this, we must never be controlled by our own
feelings. Let me give you an example here. In the middle of a fight between your spouse or partner, they will say,
“You really hurt my feelings”. Sometimes, you might even say: “You are making me angry”. What does this imply?23 Whenever this happens, you start blaming yourself, especially for the emotions that others are feeling. This
is known as emotional reflection. You must learn to control this. 24
What should be your course of action here? It might seem rude when I say this but you really need to hear it.
You are not responsible for how others feel! 25 Al l in all, we must learn to be emotionally accountable and
mature, doing so will result in a better and happier life.
A．Therefore embrace your emotions as a part of yourself.
B．They are infectious unless you know how to control them.
C．So, it’s a must for us to learn to control our feelings.
D．You have conveyed your feelings in a very understandable manner.
E．This goes sideways, others are also not accountable for how you feel.
F．It means that you have allowed the other person to emotionally control you.
G．Otherwise, it will create co-dependency in relationships which is very harmful.
（2023上·河北·高三泊头市第一中学校联考期中）
For most, the first thing that likely comes to mind when thinking about vitamin C is either an image of orange
fruits or its ability to keep your immune system healthy. 26 . Here are the primary benefits of vitamin C
when applied topically to the skin.
It protects skin cells from environmental damage. Vitamin C’s main function in skin is that of a powerful
antioxidant, protecting us from cell damage caused by free radicals (自由基). “ 27 ,” Dr. Mack explains,
and they are highly reactive. Vitamin C destroys these free radicals by donating electrons, preventing them from
damaging skin.
28 . Vitamin C is also one of the gold standards for evening skin tone and boosting radiance.
“Vitamin C is a well-known skin brightener, preventing melanin production and eventually fading dark spots,
resulting in a better skin tone,” Dr. Mack explains.
It firms skin and promotes collagen (胶原蛋白) production. Our skin is made of collagen and elastin, which
are proteins that give it structure and flexibility. 29 . “Daily application of vitamin C helps to maintain the
completeness of the collagen that we have, prevents rapid breakdown with age and promotes collagen production,”
Dr. Mack says.
It works with other antioxidants for enhancing UV (紫外线) protection. 30 . A study in the Journal
of Investigative Dermatology showed that the combination of vitamin C and E not only offered improved stability
of vitamins C and E, but also improved skin’s UV protection.A．It brightens skin
B．It helps lower the risk of heart disease and depression
C．Vitamin C works cooperatively with vitamin E to reduce UV damage in skin
D．Free radicals are produced by the body when exposed to radiation in sunlight
E．But this popular vitamin has several benefits for skin when applied topically, too
F．Free radicals are believed to be related to heart disease, cancer and the ageing process
G．As we age, the production of these proteins decreases and our skin looks and feels less firm
（2023上·江苏·高三江苏省前黄高级中学校考期中）
We are masters of distraction especially when we feel an uncomfortable emotion surfacing. And our society
makes it easier than ever. 31 . Those range from videos on TikTok to online shopping.
But does distraction really help deal with emotions? Or does it merely worsen the problem? 32 . In
some ways it can help, and oftentimes distraction avoids the root of the problem.
In the loud world in which we live nowadays, avoiding an emotion is easier than processing it. During the
sequencing of an emotion, distraction occurs when we first notice it. The emotion in question causes physiological
changes and often causes action. 33 . It isn’t always a bad thing. There’s pretty good evidence that
distraction can help down regulate the anxiety around a negative emotion.
34 . There are longer mood states that last days or months, although most emotions only last a few
minutes before they pass. That’s why, if you’re seeking long-term solutions, learning to process emotions is the
only way. When you slow down and make space for your emotions, you can start to process them.
Jacobs Hendel, a psychotherapist, uses a process, which involves connecting your feet to the floor, deep belly
breathing, slowing down and then identifying where different emotions are felt in the body. 35 ——once
anxiety goes down, you can identify the other emotions that are coming up in your body. If the same emotions keep
coming up and causing you stress, learning to sit with them and work through them. Facing your emotions may
help you see that they aren’t as scary as you thought.
A．Grabbing your phone isn’t necessarily bad
B．According to experts, the answer is a mixed bag
C．And feeling them in the body is a good place to start
D．We feel like emotions are going to get bigger when we focus on them
E．For example, if you’re sad, you draw back; if you’re angry, you approach
F．Once a negative emotion arises, we may reach for various digital distractions
G．However, distraction isn’t a true fix either, because it only works in the short term（2023上·江苏南通·高三如皋市搬经中学校联考期中）
Growing up in a Southern family, big meals were the norm. Every meal for my nuclear family of four
provided enough food for eight. Each Sunday, when we drove to my grandmother’s home for lunch, there was more
than enough food. 36 Having more than enough was a generous and affectionate act; having too little
conveyed almost a moral failing.
37 When having only another couple over for dinner, I’d make more food than the four of us could
finish. My wife always asked me to make less both to save money and because our tiny fridge could hold only so
many leftovers. 38
When I lost my job, though, my handling of extra food suddenly hit a barrier. 39 However, I then
quickly went back to my former state of needing to cook much when I landed another job.
But instead of cooking a lot and then simply eating the leftovers, I had a new solution that worked well with
my belief in showing love through food: 40 Several of my friends lived alone, didn’t like cooking or had
lost jobs too, so bringing them food helped not only me but also them in a practical way.
Such a small act can bring large amounts of joy to anyone in these hard times. And in unfavorable situations,
it’s an act that allows us to develop friendship and show love while we must, still, remain apart.
A．Continue cooking for my family.
B．Bringing the extras as meals to my friends.
C．It was the one part of our new world I couldn’t refuse.
D．In the shock of the change, I cooked less for about a year.
E．In my adult life before unemployment, this tradition stayed with me.
F．Serving extra food was the way that we showed love to one another.
G．But doing so seemed contrary to the generosity I had been brought up to believe in.
（2023上·江苏·高三马坝高中校考期中）
Become a global citizen without leaving home
As an undergraduate student, I often dream of traveling the world and experiencing various cultures; I dream
of having a better perspective and contributing politically, socially and economically towards the world. 41 .
Here are some tips on tackling the feeling of being separated from the international community simply because
you can’t afford to travel.
Join an international club.
There are different international clubs, especially at many universities, which allow you to make connectionswith people from around the world. For example, AIESEC is the world’s largest student-run organization that offers
opportunities for students to go on international internships (实习). 42 — being involved in helping
someone else’s travels permits you to be a part of their international experience.
Be engaged with world news and participate in discussions about current events.
Paying attention to international news broadens your sense of current events outside your borders, which can
lead to reflection about your local environment. 43 — even if you cannot physically be where events
originate.
Make an international pen pal (笔友) .
Having a pen pal is all about creating relationships with others that can allow you to learn about and embrace
cultural differences. Strong friendships can have lasting effects. 44 .
Take an international development or language class.
45 . Taking an international development course can help you gain insight into international relations
and development. These courses require our brains to remember and form ideas, which allows for positive debate
and understanding of the world around us. Language classes can also make you feel like you are part of another
culture.
A．Education is the best way to gain new perspectives
B．Demonstrating your understanding of current events is a way to be involved
C．It also offers local students the chance to help facilitate these internships
D．There are several websites that offer the service of volunteering without borders
E．However, financial stress makes these plans difficult and traveling takes time I may not have
F．Learning about different aspects of a country allows for a greater understanding of our global world
G．If you end up traveling in the future, there’s a chance that you can meet your international friend
（2023上·福建厦门·高三厦门双十中学校考期中）
Stare at a blank wall in any room, and you are unlikely to learn much more than the paint color. But a new
technology can unnoticeably scan the same surface for shadows and reflections. 46 But they can be got
by one tool and analyzed to determine details including how many people are in the room — and what they are
doing. This tool could gather information from a partial view of a space. It can spy on activity from around a
corner. 47
As people move around a room, their bodies block a portion of any available light to create subtle andindistinct “soft shadows” on walls. 48 But these faint signals are usually drowned out by the main source
of surrounding light. Sharma and other M.I.T. researchers separated that main source of surrounding light by
filming a wall in a room as its occupants moved around and averaging the frames over time. Then the researchers
removed shadows from furniture or other still objects from the video in real time, only revealing humans’ moving
shadows on the wall.
49 They crouched, jumped or moved around, alone or in pairs, outside the camera’s view. Then the
team fed the videos into a machine-learning model to teach it which soft shadow patterns indicated which behavior.
The resulting system can automatically analyze footage of a blank wall in any room in real time, determining the
number of people and their actions.
50 It can register only group sizes and activities for which it has been trained, and it requires a high-
resolution (清晰度) camera; a standard digital camera creates too much background noise, and smartphone camera
results are even worse.
A．The technology is thought advanced.
B．These can’t be detected by the human eye.
C．Brightly colored clothing can even cast a dull, reflected light.
D．It also can monitor someone who avoids a camera’s line of sight.
E．Next, researchers recorded blank walls with people in various scenarios.
F．The system is considered a unique and wonderful discovery by camera specialists.
G．Although this system can function in any room, it performs poorly in dim lighting.
