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专题验收评价
专题 12 七选五之依据行文手法（线索词汇+逻辑关系）解题
内容概览
A·常考题不丢分
【命题点01 线索词汇题】
【命题点02 逻辑关系题】
【微专题 解释说明句易错陷阱】
B·拓展培优拿高分
C·挑战真题争满分
命题点 01 线索词汇 题
1.【2023届山西省大同市三模】
Finding the Energy to Take Action
What you’re now experiencing is a lack of energy. Once you’ve had dinner, you may well find that you no
longer have the enthusiasm for those bills or that workout. ____ 4 ___ So how do you get that energy back?
One simple answer is to go to bed earlier and to wake up later. To start putting sleep at the forefront of your
priorities instead of at the back of them. ____ 5 ____ Instead of expending energy doing things that don’t really
matter—even stressing over what to wear—understand that your mental energy is on a strict budget and that you
need to conserve it to do the things you really want to do!
A．Losing extra weight can provide a powerful energy uplift.B．But the point is that this is only one piece of the puzzle.
C．Most of us have big plans for what we want to do on any given day.
D．Similarly you should also change some of your priorities.
E．You have the will to be productive but a lack of energy is holding you back.
F．You should look into choosing a diet that will help to give you energy.
G．Then you’ll crash to the point where you can’t get up and do anything constructive at all.
【答案】4.E 5. D
【解析】
4.根据本段的主题句可知，你所经历的事缺乏精力，根据空后可知，此处提出要找回这些精力，由此可知，
此空处应涉及到要找回的精力，且句中的that energy为关键信息，E项“You have the will to be productive
but a lack of energy is holding you back. ”讲述的内容中的“缺乏精力”为空后的“that energy”指代的内容，
且与本段的主题句吻合。故选E项。
5．解析：根据空前的一句可知，应该学会把重要的事情放到前面，结合空后可知，人的精力是有严格预
算的，所以要将真正想做的事情放在前面，由此可推断，此空处讲述的内容与优先安排重要的事情相关，
故选D项。
2. 【2023·湖南郴州·校联考模拟预测】
Four Reasons Why Quiet People Are Successful
They listen more than they talk, so they learn a lot
Quiet people don’t fill every conversation with their own thoughts and opinions, and they certainly don’t feel
the need to pretend that they know everything. 11 . They then use that information to form an opinion at a
later time.
They can gain trust easily
Quiet people have an advantage when it comes to gaining trust because they don’t overreact to things or wear
their feelings on their sleeves. 12 . They don’t come across as being pushy or aggressive like some other
people who are always trying to get their way. And since quiet people don’t feel pressured to fill every gap in a
conversation with words, they’re less likely to make mistakes during presentations or meetings.
They are great planners
Quiet people are often successful because they have great planning skills. 13 . They think about what
needs to be done and how to go about it in order to achieve their goals. They ensure everything is done according to
plan, so there is little room for doubt or mistakes.A．They seldom show off
B．They are more concentrated
C．They often have a lot of fresh ideas
D．Instead, they are more likely to take in what others say
E．For this reason, people who talk less are often seen as more honest
F．They know how to map out their goals and accomplish them efficiently
G．Additionally, quiet individuals also have the ability to concentrate for a long time
【答案】11．D 12．E 13．F
11．根据空前“Quiet people don’t fill every conversation with their own thoughts and opinions, and they
certainly don’t feel the need to pretend that they know everything.(安静的人不会在对话中强行加入自己的想法
和观点，他们也不会想要假装自己知道一切。)”可知，D项“相反，他们更可能会接纳其他人所说的话”
是前文的顺义承接，安静的人不会在对话中强行加入自己的观点和想法，相反，他们会接纳其他人的观点，
故选D项。
12．根据空前“Quiet people have an advantage when it comes to gaining trust because they don’t overreact to
things or wear their feelings on their sleeves.(当谈到获取信任时，安静的人就占优势了。因为他们不会过激反
应，也不会把自己的情感表露出来。)”可知，空前提到安静的人不会过激反应，也不会把自己的感情表露
出来，因此会更占优势，故E项“因为这个原因，安静的人通常被认为是更加诚实的”符合，安静的人不
会过激反应，也会不容易表露自己的情感，因此，更能获得信任，且E项中的“this reason”指代空前的
“because they don’t overreact to things or wear their feelings on their sleeves.”，故选E项。
13．根据空前“Quiet people are often successful because they have great planning skills.(安静的人成功的原因
是因为他们有着很强的计划能力。)”可知，空前提出安静的人有着更强的计划能力，故F项“他们知道怎
样规划自己的目标，并如何有效率地完成这些目标。”符合，本空具体说明规划目标，有效率地完成这些
目标的计划能力，故选F项。
3.【2023·重庆·重庆南开中学校考三模】
Showing up un announced
This really should go without saying—and applies to any type of visit to someone’s home, any me of the year-
but don’t show up at someone’s door unannounced, or assume you can stay with them without asking first. 18
But if that’s not motivation enough, consider the possibility that they may not be home, or have made other pans,
and may not be able to put you up.
Ignoring house rules19 Or perhaps they requested that you say something in a low voice after 9 p.m.? Unless you have an
excuse—which you should discuss with your host—you need to follow their house rules. If they didn’t mention any
when you first arrived, start that conversation yourself.
Acting like you’re staying in a hotel
When you’re an overnight guest in a friend or relative’s home, you cannot expect the service of a hotel. 20
So don’t expect someone to make your bed or cleanup after you, meals prepared for you, or to have the run of the
place.
If you can follow some guest rules, you will be more popular when visiting and staying at the homes of
relatives and friends.
A．Here are some things you can do for them.
B．Have you ever been asked to follow some rules?
C．It also means overnight stays with family or friends.
D．Did your host ask you to leave your outside shoes at the door?
E．Your host is doing you a favor by letting you stay in their home for free.
F．Here are a few mistakes to avoid when you’re staying in someone’s home.
G．There are many reasons not to do this out of respect for your potent l host.
【答案】18．G 19．D
18．根据上文“This really should go without saying—and applies to any type of visit to someone’s home, any me
of the year-but don’t show up at someone’s door unannounced, or assume you can stay with them without asking
first.(这是毋庸置疑的——也适用于任何拜访别人的方式，一年中的任何时候——但不要不经通知就出现在
别人家门口，或者认为你可以在没有事先请求的情况下和他们呆在一起)”可知，上文提到“不要不经通知
就出现在别人家门口，或者认为你可以在没有事先请求的情况下和他们呆在一起”，本句对上文进行说明，
这些要求是出于对主人的尊重。故G选项“出于对主人的尊重，不要这样做有很多理由”符合语境，故选
G。
19．根据后文“Or perhaps they requested that you say something in a low voice after 9 p.m.?( 或者他们要求你
在晚上9点以后小声说点什么？)”可知，本句与后文都是针对尊重主人家的设问句，故D选项“你的主人
让你把在外穿的鞋子放在门口了吗？”符合语境，故选D。
4. 【2023·湖南常德·常德市一中校考模拟预测】
How Laughing at Yourself Makes You Attractive
Have you ever embarrassed yourself in public and got laughed at for it? 26 And it’s okay — weshould even have a laugh about them.
●Laughing at yourself means accepting who you really are. You may feel bad about yourself because of
past misfortune. However, it’s normal to be imperfect. What’s important is that you should be honest with yourself
about who you are. 27 You won’t be able to laugh at yourself without self-acceptance.
●Laughing at yourself helps increase your confidence. When you are able to stay optimistic and laugh at
yourself, you are likely to be more successful in life. 28 More importantly, it helps you realize your own
weaknesses so you know which areas to do better in.
A．Laughing at yourself makes you popular.
B．Accept yourself despite your imperfections.
C．You don’t need to take yourself seriously all the time.
D．Chances are that we all have these kinds of experiences.
E．Learn to laugh at yourself and you will be more attractive.
F．Laughing at yourself changes an ideal image of yourself.
G．This is because laughing at yourself contributes to your mental health.
【答案】26．D 27．B 28．G
26．前文“Have you ever embarrassed yourself in public and got laughed at for it? (你是否曾在公共场合出丑，
并因此被嘲笑过？)”提出是否有被嘲笑经历的问题，后文“And it’s okay — we should even have a laugh
about them. (没关系，我们甚至应该对此一笑置之。)”表示安慰，建议对此一笑了之，D项“Chances are
that we all have these kinds of experiences. (很可能我们都有这样的经历。)”符合语境，说明大家可能都有被
嘲笑的经历，回答前文的问题，引出后文的建议。故选D。
27．前文“However, it’s normal to be imperfect. What’s important is that you should be honest with yourself
about who you are. (然而，不完美是正常的。重要的是，你应该诚实地面对自己。)”建议接受不完美常态，
诚实面对自己，后文“You won’t be able to laugh at yourself without self-acceptance. (如果不接受自己，你就
无法自嘲。)”说明不接受自己的后果，B项“Accept yourself despite your imperfections. (接受你自己，尽管
你不完美。)”符合语境，建议要接受自己，延伸前文的诚实面对自己，引出后文的后果，其中的
imperfections与前文的imperfect呼应，Accept yourself与后文的self-acceptance呼应。故选B。
28．前文“When you are able to stay optimistic and laugh at yourself, you are likely to be more successful in life.
(当你能够保持乐观和自嘲时，你可能会在生活中更成功。)”说明自嘲有助于成功，后文“More importantly,
it helps you realize your own weaknesses so you know which areas to do better in. (更重要的是，它可以帮助你
认识到自己的弱点，这样你就知道在哪些方面可以做得更好。)”介绍“它”带来的好处，G项“This isbecause laughing at yourself contributes to your mental health. (这是因为自嘲有助于心理健康。)”符合语境，
介绍自嘲有助于心理健康，解释前文自嘲和成功之间的关系，引出后文进一步的好处，其中的laughing at
yourself是后文的it指代的对象。故选G。
命题点 02 逻辑关系 题
1.【2023届黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市高三下学期三模】
Living in the moment is not always easy. Sometimes our thoughts are overwhelmed by regrets about past
events or anxiety about the future, which can make it hard to enjoy the present. If you are having a hard time living
in the moment, there are some simple strategies that may help.
●Change a routine.___16___One way that you can become more aware is to change up your routine. You can
do something as simple as changing the way that you drive to work or changing the way you introduce yourself.
●Learn how to meditate (冥想). Meditation is a great way to train your brain to live in the moment. Learning
to meditate takes time, practice, and guidance. ___17___. If no classes are available, you can also buy CDs that
will help you learn how to meditate.
●Be grateful for breaks. Instead of becoming impatient when you have to wait for something, practise being
grateful for the extra time to notice your surroundings.___18___For example, if you have to wait in a long line to
purchase your morning coffee, take that time to observe your surroundings. As you do so, think about what you are
grateful for in that moment.
A．Do kind things for others.
B．You’d better find a meditation class in your area.
C．Treat the extra time as a break and appreciate the time.
D．To get started with meditation, find a quiet spot and get comfortable.
E．Being grateful is an important principle of life and a great wisdom.
F．You may not be living in the moment because you are too set in your life.
G．Even if you put on an affected smile, you should start to feel better right away.
【答案】16．F 17．B 18．C
16．根据段落小标题“Change a routine. (改变常规。)”可知，本段的建议是要打破常规，F项中的“you are
too set in your life”和标题中的“routine”F项：You may not be living in the moment because you are too set in
your life. (你可能无法活在当下，因为你的生活太一成不变了。)是对小标题的进一步解释说明，符合语境。
故选F。
17．根据段落小标题“Learn how to meditate (冥想). (学会如何冥想。)”可知，本段的建议是学会冥想，B项中的“a meditation class ”与标题中的“meditate”对应，与下文的“If no classes are available”也是呼应的。B
项：You’d better find a meditation class in your area. (你最好在你所在的地区找一个冥想班。)符合语境。故
选B。
18．根据此空前一句“the extra time (额外的时间)”的提示以及本段首句“Be grateful for breaks. (对休息心存
感激。)”可知，本段建议要享受额外的休息时间。C项：Treat the extra time as a break and appreciate the
time. (把额外的时间当作休息，珍惜这段时间。)符合语境。故选C。
2.【2023·贵州遵义·统考三模】
●Turn to social support
Your mistake might feel like a huge event in your life, but chances are others won’t see it as such a big deal.
Reaching out to friends or family can help you see the bigger picture and feel more confident. 8 . When you
have that softness, and you have relationships that give you confidence, you might be able to take some of life’s
challenges with a lighter eye.
A．Promise to do better.
B．Forgive others’ mistakes.
C．Some people are perfectionists.
D．That’s the way to forgive yourself.
E．Don’t expect perfection in everything you do.
F．However, the value of social support is often overlooked.
G．Here’s how we can forgive ourselves when facing our mistakes.
【答案】 8．F
8．根据上文“Reaching out to friends or family can help you see the bigger picture and feel more confident. (与
朋友或家人联系可以帮助你看到更大的图景，并感到更加自信。)”可知，上文告诉我们，当我们因犯错而
内疚时，可以向家人和朋友求助，F项意为“然而，社会支持的价值往往被忽视。”选项与上文构成转折
关系，当我们因犯错而内疚时，可以向家人和朋友求助，但这种方法往往被忽视。故选F。
3.【2023·重庆·重庆八中校考三模】
Revenge bedtime procrastination (报复性睡眠拖延症) refers to the decision to delay sleep in response to stress or
a lack of free time earlier in the day. The addition of the word “revenge”, by the Chinese, to the concept of bedtime
procrastination became popular on social media. 21 Both language versions reflect frustration tied to long,
stressful work hours that left little time for personal enjoyment.
People who engage in bedtime procrastination know and generally want to receive enough sleep. 22This is known as an intention-behavior gap.
Bedtime procrastination can cause sleep deprivation (缺乏). 23 Not getting enough sleep affects
thinking, memory, and decision-making. Sleep deprivation also raises the risk of daytime sleepiness, which can
harm productivity and academic achievement while increasing the risks of sleeping driving.
A．But they fail to actually do so.
B．The Chinese are noted for working long hours.
C．A lack of sleep is tied to mental and physical health.
D．Therefore, it contributes to significant long-term health problems.
E．We struggle to stay productive during the day to make up for the loss.
F．Without enough hours of sleep, the mind and body can’t properly recharge.
G．The English term “revenge bedtime procrastination” appeared from a translation of this expression.
【答案】21．G 22．A 23．F
21．下文“Both language versions reflect frustration tied to long, stressful work hours that left little time for
personal enjoyment.(两种语言版本都反映了与长时间、压力大的工作时间有关的挫折感，这些工作时间几乎
没有留给个人享受的时间)”说明前文用两种解释说明报复性睡眠拖延症的定义。空处用另一种语言版本说
明报复性睡眠拖延症。G项中的“The English term ”和下文的“Both language versions”相呼应，表示“英语
术语“报复性睡前拖延症”是从前面表达的翻译中出现的”。故选G。
22．上文“People who engage in bedtime procrastination know and generally want to receive enough sleep.(睡前
拖延症患者知道并普遍希望获得足够的睡眠)”说明睡前拖延症患者希望自己获得足够的睡眠。空处和前文
为转折关系。A项中的But和前文构成转折关系，so指代前文中“want to receive enough sleep”，表明他们
虽然希望自己获得足够的睡眠，但是却做不到。故选A。
23．上文“Bedtime procrastination can cause sleep deprivation (缺乏).(睡前拖延会导致睡眠不足)”说明睡眠拖
延会导致睡眠不足。空处承上启下，说明睡眠不足的害处，F项中的“Without enough hours of sleep”和上
文相呼应，“the mind and body can’t properly recharge”和下文“Not getting enough sleep affects thinking,
memory, and decision-making.”相呼应，说明睡眠不足，大脑和身体就无法正常充电。故选F。
微专题 解释说明句易错陷阱
1.【2023上·江苏南京·高一南京市秦淮中学校联考期中】When we walk the “path of life”, social life is very
important. More often than not, close friendships can help us smooth out the sometimes rock y road that we are
meant to travel. 11 : they may comfort the heart, advise the head and help us achieve the goals we set forourselves. Through friendship, we can become happier, wiser and more satisfied humans.
The first fruit is that they can comfort the heart, because the peace comes from having someone with whom we
share our joy, sadness, success and failure. Here, friendship has a double advantage-happiness takes on a greater
meaning and a trouble shared becomes a trouble halved! Naturally, this kind of openness results from a close
friendship. With true friends, we feel free to share our joy and sadness in full measure. We know that our friends
will both respect our feelings and treasure these moments of closeness. 12
The second one is 13 We often find it easier to recognize other people’s weaknesses than our own.
As a result, if we are guided only by our own feelings, our judgements might be one-sided. On the other hand, our
friends are better able to offer advice on important decisions that we all have to make. Also, when we want to talk
our problems over with a friend, we have to put our thoughts into words first. This alone helps make our thoughts
clearer and brings us a more thorough understanding of our problems.
The third one is that they can help us achieve the goals we set for ourselves 14 Sometimes a friend
is even known as our “second self”. There are so many things in life that can only be achieved with the help of
friends. Friends may have many different ideas and skills. They can help us achieve what we want during life and,
perhaps, even after death.
Finally, it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends. If
we want to better walk the “path of life” with the comfort, advice and help from our trusted friends, 15
A．However, when we seek to be alone, we must be careful that we do not always escape into our own world.
B．because friends may offer help in many different ways.
C．In general, close friendships have three main “fruits”.
D．we should choose friends and develop relationships carefully.
E．Indeed, the human heart depends on such opportunities for comfort and protection.
F．that they can advise the head because we may have better understanding and judgement that are achieved
through conversations with well-meaning and wise friends.
G．quiet periods of reflection can lead to personal improvement.
【答案】11．C 12．E 13．F 14．B 15．D
11．根据下文“they may comfort the heart, advise the head and help us achieve the goals we set for ourselves.(它
们可以安慰我们的心，建议我们的头脑，帮助我们实现我们为自己设定的目标。)”可知，空处提出友谊带
来三个好处，即安慰我们的心，建议我们的头脑，帮助我们实现目标。C项中的“three main “fruits””与下
文的“comfort the heart, advise the head and help us achieve the goals”对应。C项：In general, close friendshipshave three main “fruits”.(一般来说，亲密的友谊有三个主要的“果实”。)符合语境。故选C。
12．根据上文“The first fruit is that they can comfort the heart, because the peace comes from having someone
with whom we share our joy, sadness, success and failure.(第一个果实是，它们可以安慰心灵，因为平静来自
于有人与我们分享我们的喜悦，悲伤，成功和失败。)”可知，友谊安慰心灵，从而使人类的心脏得到舒适
和保护。E项：Indeed, the human heart depends on such opportunities for comfort and protection.(的确，人类的
心脏依赖于这样的机会来获得舒适和保护。)符合语境。故选E。
13．根据上文“they may comfort the heart, advise the head and help us achieve the goals we set for ourselves.(它
们可以安慰我们的心，建议我们的头脑，帮助我们实现我们为自己设定的目标。)”可知，此处对应友谊带
来的第二个果实，即“advise the head”，F项中的“that they can advise the head”与上文对应。F项：that
they can advise the head because we may have better understanding and judgement that are achieved through
conversations with well-meaning and wise friends.(他们可以给头脑提建议，因为通过与善意和明智的朋友交
谈，我们可能会有更好的理解和判断。)符合语境。故选F。
14．根据下文“Sometimes a friend is even known as our “second self”. There are so many things in life that can
only be achieved with the help of friends. Friends may have many different ideas and skills.(有时朋友甚至被称为
我们的“第二个自我”。生活中有很多事情只有在朋友的帮助下才能完成。朋友们可能有很多不同的想法
和技能。)”可知，空处和上文形成因果关系，解释友谊可以帮助实现我们为自己设定的目标的原因。B项：
because friends may offer help in many different ways.(因为朋友可以以许多不同的方式提供帮助。)符合语境。
故选B。
15．根据上文“Finally, it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being
with friends.( 最后，应该指出的是，享受人群的陪伴和和朋友在一起是不一样的。)”可知，文章最后提示
我们选择朋友和发展人际关系要谨慎。D项：we should choose friends and develop relationships carefully.(我
们应该谨慎地选择朋友和发展人际关系。)符合语境。故选D。
2.【江苏省百校联考2023-2024学年高三试题】
To fully appreciate Australian cuisine, you have to consider the unique nature of its wildlife and geography.
For one thing, there are the wide plains in the interior of the country, which are home to millions of grazing
animals. For another, there is Australia’s long coastline, which is next to all the riches of the sea. 16. It is no
wonder that much of Australian cuisine centres around red meat and seafood.
One of the most popular red meats in Australia is also unique to the continent: kangaroo. This may seem
strange as the kangaroo is a national symbol of Australia. However, in recent years, kangaroos have increased in
number to around 45 million. These kangaroos wander onto the roads and into cities, making trouble. 17As a consequence, the government is encouraging people to use these animals as food, and kangaroo has become
one of the most popular items on the Australian dinner table. As for seafood, many of the first Europeans who came
to Australia loved the sea. 18 Since the coastline is so long, each region has its own dishes that are
related to the seafood found in its waters.
But then, how is all this food cooked? Perhaps the favourite way of cooking food in Australia is the barbecue.
19 It is a time for friends and relatives to get together and have fun. Even strangers passing through will be
offered a seat, a cold drink, and something off the grill.
......
A．Australia is made up of many regions.
B．Beyond this, what is Australian cooking?
C．Casual friendliness is the key to such meals.
D．People need to pay attention to the protection of kangaroos.
E．Their increased numbers have also harmed plants and other wildlife.
F．Perhaps this is one reason why so many Australians live near the coast.
G．It is no wonder that much of Australian cuisine centres around red meat and seafood.
【答案】 17．E 18．F 19．C
【解析】
17．根据前文“However, in recent years, kangaroos have increased in number to around 45 million. These
kangaroos wander onto the roads and into cities, making trouble.(然而，近年来，袋鼠的数量已经增加到大约
4500万只。这些袋鼠在道路上游荡，进入城市，制造麻烦。)”可知，此处是讲袋鼠数量大增带来的麻烦，
所以选项E“它们数量的增加也伤害了植物和其他野生动物。”切合文意。故选E。
18．根据前文“As for seafood, many of the first Europeans who came to Australia loved the sea.(至于海鲜，许
多第一批来到澳大利亚的欧洲人都喜欢大海。)”可知，此处是讲为什么许多澳大利亚人喜欢住在海岸附
近，所以选项F“也许这就是为什么这么多澳大利亚人住在海岸附近的原因之一。”切合文意。故选F。
19．根据后文“It is a time for friends and relatives to get together and have fun. Even strangers passing through
will be offered a seat, a cold drink, and something off the grill.(这是一个朋友和亲戚聚在一起玩的时间。即使是
路过的陌生人也会得到一个座位，一杯冷饮和一些从烤架上取下来的东西。)”和前文“Perhaps the favourite
way of cooking food in Australia is the barbecue.(也许在澳大利亚最受欢迎的烹饪方式是烧烤。)”可知，此处
是讲澳大利亚人最喜欢的烹饪方式是烧烤是因为澳大利亚人对周围人的友好态度，所以选项 C“随意的友好
是这种用餐的关键。”切合文意。故选C。3.【河北省衡水市第二中学2023-2024学年高三检测试题】
The average cost of an iPhone has climbed up, and even the most affordable Android devices come with
arising price. 16 It is wise to pay close attention to the best practices for extending the life of your
smartphone. Fortunately, there are several ways to do this.
Remove unnecessary apps and photos.
When the storage and capabilities (能力) of the smartphone are being maxed out, the phone will become much
less responsive. 17 To avoid this unnecessary expense, make sure that you regularly remove any apps,
photos, documents or text messages that you do not actually need.
A．Power down regularly.
B．Keep the battery in good condition.
C．But it may not be in your best interests to use them.
D．It often convinces people to upgrade before they truly need to.
E．It helps your phone never become overloaded with too much data.
F．So it does not make sense to take the risk of harming it with sweat.
G．Are you wasting your money by replacing your mobile phone annually?
【答案】16．G 17．D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些保养维护手机的方法。
16．根据上文“The average cost of an iPhone has climbed up, and even the most affordable Android devices
come with arising price.( iPhone的平均价格已经攀升，即使是最实惠的Android设备也在涨价)”以及后文“It
is wise to pay close attention to the best practices for extending the life of your smartphone. Fortunately, there are
several ways to do this.(密切关注延长智能手机寿命的最佳做法是明智的。幸运的是，有几种方法可以做到
这一点)”可知，本句主要是关于更换手机是否划算的问题。故G选项“你每年更换手机是在浪费钱吗？”
符合语境。故选G。
17．根据上文“When the storage and capabilities (能力) of the smartphone are being maxed out, the phone will
become much less responsive.(当智能手机的存储空间和功能达到极限时，手机的响应速度就会大大降低)”以
及后文“To avoid this unnecessary expense, make sure that you regularly remove any apps, photos, documents or
text messages that you do not actually need.(为了避免这些不必要的花费，确保你定期删除所有你实际上不需
要的应用程序、照片、文档或短信)”可知，上文提到“存储空间和功能达到极限时，手机的响应速度就会
大大降低”，即内存会影响人们的使用，让人们换手机，故D选项“它常常在真正需要升级之前就说服了
人们”符合语境。故选D。（2023上·北京朝阳·高三统考期中）
Many of us set goals, but sometimes we fail to achieve them. There are many causes why we don’t manage to
realize our goals. 1 There is a way, though, to help address this problem: set reminders. People employ a
psychological strategy called cognitive (认知的) offloading, where we use a physical action to reduce demands on
our brain. Specifically, we may outsource our intentions from being stored in our brains to reminders outside our
head. 2
Understanding the benefits of cognitive offloading can improve our ability to remember and follow through
with our intentions. The biggest benefit is simply that it improves memory performance. It increases the probability
that we will work towards the goals we need to reach. 3 “The more we offload unimportant information,
such as items on a shopping list, the more we can use our brain for those more significant cognitive tasks, such as
creativity,” said Sam Gilbert, professor at the University College London.
4 Still, there are potential negative parts for it. We are more likely to forget what we offloaded if we
no longer access our storage, such as when our smartphone dies. We also tend to offload the important things we
most want to remember. In a surprise test where their reminders were wiped clean, the participants were more likely
to forget the important items and recall the unimportant ones, that is, the more important the intention we want to
remember, the more likely we are to offload it—and to forget it.
We’d better tend to create reminders when we think we need them, but not necessarily when we do need them.
5 “If our understanding of our memory ability is wrong, this suggests that we will either overuse or underuse
reminders,” Gilbert said. “We can learn by noticing the times that we have forgotten to do something and could
have used reminders to help.”
A．Cognitive offloading has noticeable benefits.
B．One common reason is that we simply forget them.
C．Besides, it can free up our limited cognitive resources.
D．A good example can be documents on our smartphone calendars.
E．The process of cognitive offloading helps us identify false information.
F．Our beliefs about how good our memory is directly influence whether we set them.G．Other experts say it’s too soon to understand how cognitive offloading affects our brains.
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．F
【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了认知卸载的好处和坏处，以及什么时候创建提醒。
1．根据前文“There are many causes why we don’t manage to realize our goals.(我们无法实现目标的原因有很
多)”可知，此处是说明无法实现目标的原因，所以B项“One common reason is that we simply forget them.
(一个常见的原因是我们只是忘记了它们)”符合主题，并引出下文“There is a way, though, to help address this
problem: set reminders.(不过，有一个方法可以帮助解决这个问题：设置提醒)”。故选B项。
2．根据前文“People employ a psychological strategy called cognitive (认知的) offloading, where we use a
physical action to reduce demands on our brain. Specifically, we may outsource our intentions from being stored in
our brains to reminders outside our head.(人们采用一种叫做认知卸载的心理策略，即我们用身体动作来减少
对大脑的需求。具体来说，我们可能会把我们的意图从储存在大脑里外包给大脑外的提醒)”可知，此处讲
述了设置提醒具体方法，所以D项“A good example can be documents on our smartphone calendars.(一个很
好的例子就是我们智能手机日历上的文档)”是对此方法的具体举例，符合文意。故选D项。
3．根据前文“Understanding the benefits of cognitive offloading can improve our ability to remember and follow
through with our intentions. The biggest benefit is simply that it improves memory performance. It increases the
probability that we will work towards the goals we need to reach.(了解认知卸载的好处可以提高我们的记忆能
力和贯彻我们的意图的能力。最大的好处就是提高了记忆性能。它增加了我们朝着我们需要达到的目标努
力的可能性)”可知，此处在讲述了解认知卸载的好处，根据后文““The more we offload unimportant
information, such as items on a shopping list, the more we can use our brain for those more significant cognitive
tasks, such as creativity,” said Sam Gilbert, professor at the University College London.(伦敦大学学院的教授山
姆·吉尔伯特说：“我们越不去想那些不重要的信息，比如购物清单上的东西，我们就越能把大脑用于那些
更重要的认知任务，比如创造力。”)”是在讲述另一个好处，所以空处应是C项“Besides, it can free up our
limited cognitive resources.(此外，它可以释放我们有限的认知资源)”符合文意，描述另一个好处，引出下文。
故选C项。
4．分析设空，位于段首，根据后文“Still, there are potential negative parts for it.(不过，它也有潜在的负面
影响)”可知，空处应是承上启下的作用，由上文介绍好处，转到讲述缺点，所以A项“Cognitive offloading
has noticeable benefits.(认知卸载有明显的好处)”符合文意，承接上文，并和后文构成转折关系。故选A项。
5．根据前文“We’d better tend to create reminders when we think we need them, but not necessarily when we do
need them.(当我们认为我们需要提醒时，我们最好创建提醒，但不一定是在我们确实需要的时候)”以及后
文““If our understanding of our memory ability is wrong, this suggests that we will either overuse or underusereminders,” Gilbert said.(吉尔伯特说：“如果我们对记忆能力的理解是错误的，这表明我们要么过度使用提
醒，要么使用不足。”)”可知，空处应是过渡句，所以F项“Our beliefs about how good our memory is
directly influence whether we set them.(我们对自己记忆力好坏的看法直接影响到我们是否能记好)”是对前文
的进一步说明，并引出下文。故选F项。
（2023上·吉林白城·高三校考期中）
While there’s nothing quite like watching a movie at the theater, watching a movie at home is often more
convenient, more comfortable, and less expensive. 6 Either way, you’ll need to pick a great movie, make
your space movie-ready, and prepare some delicious foods.
7 Maybe you want to enjoy your movie alone, or maybe you want to round up some friends or
family members to watch with you. It’s your call. Watching a movie with others can be exciting, but it also means
that you might need to deal with a movie selection.
Pick a movie type. If you are watching alone, simply pick the type that you’re in the mood to watch. If you’re
stressed, a comedy could help you relax. If you want some excitement, go for a horror film. On the other hand,
deciding on a type as a group can be hard, particularly for groups. 8
Look through available movies within the type. Browse (浏览) movies within your own collection and use a
Blu-ray player to watch them. 9 For each movie you consider, check out online review s to get a better
idea of movie content and quality.
Check movie ratings if you are watching with children. If you are watching a movie with kids, be certain to
check movie ratings as you go through to help you find age-appropriate content. 10 You should do
research on your own as well.
A．Decide if you want company.
B．Choose a space for your “home theater”.
C．Your room could also serve as a nice cinema.
D．When in doubt, pick a popular type, like adventure or comedy.
E．Or take a look at the selections on streaming services like Hulu.
F．You may want to watch a movie alone or along with your friends.
G．While ratings help your selection, they can’t bring you all the answers.
【答案】6．F 7．A 8．D 9．E 10．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要提供了居家观影指南。
6．根据上文“While there’s nothing quite like watching a movie at the theater, watching a movie at home is oftenmore convenient, more comfortable, and less expensive.(虽然没有什么比在电影院看电影更好的了，但在家看
电影通常更方便、更舒适、更便宜)”以及后文“Either way, you’ll need to pick a great movie, make your space
movie-ready, and prepare some delicious foods.(无论哪种方式，你都需要选择一部好电影，准备好你的太空
电影，准备一些美味的食物)”可知，本句主要是在说明在家看电影的方式。故F项“你可能想独自一人看
一场电影，或者与朋友一道”符合语境。故选F。
7．根据空后“Maybe you want to enjoy your movie alone, or maybe you want to round up some friends or family
members to watch with you. It’s your call. Watching a movie with others can be exciting, but it also means that you
might need to deal with a movie selection.(也许你想独自欣赏你的电影，或者你想召集一些朋友或家人和你一
起看。你说了算。和别人一起看电影可能很令人兴奋，但这也意味着你可能需要处理电影选择问题)”可知，
本段主要说明了需要他人陪伴的问题由自己决定，故A项“是否需要他人陪伴取决于你自己”适合作本节
主题句。故选A。
8．根据本节主题句及空前“On the other hand, deciding on a type as a group can be hard, particularly for
groups.(另一方面，要决定群体中的一种类型的电影可能是困难的，特别是有许多类型的电影)”可知，上文
提到了决定电影类型困难，故本句提出建议：若拿不定主意，则选择大众喜欢的电影，如奇幻或者喜剧类
的。故D项“若拿不定主意，则选择大众喜欢的电影，如奇幻或者喜剧类的”符合语境。故选D。
9．根据上文“Look through available movies within the type. Browse (浏览) movies within your own collection
and use a Blu-ray player to watch them.(查看类型中可用的电影。浏览自己收藏的电影，并使用蓝光播放器观
看)”可知，本句主要是关于查找电影的建议，故E项“或者在 Hulu 这样的直播平台上查看电影分类详
情”符合语境。故选E。
10．根据上文“Check movie ratings if you are watching with children. If you are watching a movie with kids, be
certain to check movie ratings as you go through to help you find age-appropriate content.(如果你和孩子一起看电
影，检查一下电影等级。如果你和孩子们一起看电影，一定要检查电影的评级，以帮助你找到适合他们年
龄的内容)”以及后文“You should do research on your own as well.(你也应该自己做研究)”可知，后文提到了
自己做研究，说明电影的评级也不能解决所有问题。故G项“尽管电影评分确实有用，但并不能帮你解决
所有问题”符合语境。故选G。
（2023上·陕西西安·高三长安一中校考期中）
One of the primary goals of cognitive behavioral therapy (疗法) is finding effective ways to channel your
anxiety into productive action. The best possible one is under the care of an experienced mental health care
provider. Still, if you are hoping to stop being paralyzed (麻痹) by anxiety and use this energy to fuel and improve
your life, you can. 11Set a goal. Goal-setting is one way to use your anxiety as fuel. Take notice of your anxious thoughts and
worries. What are you most concerned about? 12 Instead of shaking in your boots, get to work developing a
plan that allows you to overcome these fears.
Challenge yourself regularly to build resilience. Think of your resilience to anxiety as a muscle. 13
Rather than avoiding those situations that cause anxiety, gradually expose yourself to them more often. When you
do this, you will find that, over time, they lose their power. For instance, if you hate public speaking, you might
benefit from signing up for a local Toastmasters club. Doing so will allow you to practice speaking in front of a
group more often, which will reduce your anxiety.
14 Anxiety can feel like a live wire in your body. You can’t sit still or focus. Exercise is a great activity
to make use of this spare energy. Exercise offers a host of benefits like fighting off illness and helping you manage
weight. One of the benefits most helpful to you, however, is its ability to neutralize anxiety and improve your
mood.
Perform reality testing. You don’t have to become a slave to your anxious thoughts, giving them permission to
get you all worked up. 15 Reality testing involves assessing a situation for errors in thinking. To assess the
reality of this situation, you want to ask what evidence is there that says this is true. Did your friends actually call
you lame? Are they avoiding you?
A．Put them to the test instead.
B．What are your biggest fears?
C．Burn off nervous energy with physical activity.
D．When you find yourself becoming anxious, check your thought patterns
E．Just transform anxiety into action by using positive strategies.
F．How can you deal with getting fired if it does happen?
G．The more you use the muscle, the stronger it becomes.
【答案】11．E 12．B 13．G 14．C 15．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章旨在教育读者如何将焦虑转化为行动，从而改善生活质量和增强心理韧性。
11．根据上文“finding effective ways to channel your anxiety into productive action(找到有效的方法将你的焦
虑转化为富有成效的行动。)”可知，此处上下文说的是找到方法将焦虑转化为行动，与E项“Just
transform anxiety into action by using positive strategies(使用积极的策略将焦虑转化为行动)”表达的含义一致，
故选E项。
12．根据上文“Take notice of your anxious thoughts and worries.( 注意你焦虑的想法和担忧。)”以及下文“Instead of shaking in your boots, get to work developing a plan that allows you to overcome these fears.(与其坐
立不安，不如着手制定一个计划，让你克服这些恐惧。)”可推理出，空白处表示的是要找到你最害怕的东
西，与B项“What are your biggest fears?(你最害怕的是什么？)”表达的含义一致，故选B项。
13．根据上文“Think of your resilience to anxiety as a muscle.(把你对焦虑的抵抗力想象成一块肌肉。)”以及
下文“When you do this, you will find that, over time, they lose their power.(当你这样做的时候，你会发现，随
着时间的推移，它们会失去力量。)”可知，此处上下文说的是把对焦虑的抵抗力想象成肌肉，在不断的锻
炼中让焦虑失去力量，使你对焦虑的抵抗力越来越强，分析选项，G项“The more you use the muscle, the
stronger it becomes.(你把肌肉用得越多，它就越强壮)”表达的含义符合语境，故选G项。
14．根据下文“Exercise is a great activity to make use of this spare energy.(锻炼是一项利用这些多余能量的好
活动)”可知此处上下文说的是通过锻炼消耗多余的能量，与C项“Burn off nervous energy with physical
activity(通过体育活动消耗神经能量)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。
15．根据上文“You don’t have to become a slave to your anxious thoughts(你不必成为焦虑思想的奴隶)”以及
下文“Reality testing involves assessing a situation for errors in thinking(现实测试包括评估一种情况下的思维
错误)”可知，此处上下文说的是不要受制于焦虑，而是将它转化为对现实情况进行测试，与A项“Put
them to the test instead(改为对它们进行测试)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。
（2023上·山西·高三太原十二中校联考期中）
Music can relax the mind, energize the body, and even help people better manage pain. 16 Music therapy
(疗法) is an intervention sometimes used to promote emotional health, help patients cope with stress, and boost
psychological well-being.
17
Research suggests that background music improves mental performance. Playing more positive music leads to
improvements in processing speed. So next time you are working on a task, turn on a little music in the background
for a boost in your mental performance.
Music can help you eat less.
Music can be a helpful weight-loss tool. To lose weight, listen to soft music and dim the lights. According to
one study, people eating at low-lit restaurants where soft music was played consumed less food. 18 where
participants may consume their food more slowly and feel full sooner.
Music can help you sleep better
19 While there are many approaches to treating this problem, research has demonstrated that listening
to relaxing classical music can be a safe, effective, and affordable therapy.Music can help you manage pain
Research has shown that music can be very helpful in the management of pain. One study of fibromyalgia (纤
维性肌痛) patients found that those who listened to music for one hour a day experienced a significant reduction in
pain. 20
A．Music can reduce stress
B．Music can improve mental performance
C．The psychological effects of music can be powerful
D．Music and lighting help create a more relaxing setting
E．Some people enjoy listening to music before they go to sleep
F．Such a result suggests music therapy can help treat some diseases
G．Sleeplessness is a problem that affects people of different age groups
【答案】16．C 17．B 18．D 19．G 20．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了音乐对人的各种好处。
16．由上文“Music can relax the mind, energize the body, and even help people better manage pain. (音乐可以放
松心灵，给身体注入活力，甚至可以帮助人们更好地控制疼痛)”可知，音乐很强大，由下文“Music
therapy is an intervention sometimes used to promote emotional health, help patients cope with stress, and boost
psychological well-being. (音乐疗法是一种有时用来促进情绪健康、帮助患者应对压力和提高心理健康的干
预措施)”可知，下文再次印证了音乐对心理影响强大，故C项“The psychological effects of music can be
powerful (音乐的心理影响是强大的)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选C。
17．由下文“Research suggests that background music improves mental performance. Playing more positive
music leads to improvements in processing speed. So next time you are working on a task, turn on a little music in
the background for a boost in your mental performance. (研究表明，背景音乐可以提高心理表现。播放更积极
的音乐可以提高处理速度。所以，下次你在做一项任务时，在背景中播放一些音乐，以提高你的心理表
现)”可知，本段主要叙述音乐可以提高心理表现，故B项“Music can improve mental performance (音乐可以
改善心理表现)”与空格处后的内容相呼应，可以作为本段小标题。故选B。
18．由上文“Music can be a helpful weight-loss tool. To lose weight, listen to soft music and dim the lights.
According to one study, people eating at low-lit restaurants where soft music was played consumed less food. (音乐
是一种有益的减肥工具。为了减肥，听轻柔的音乐，调暗灯光。根据一项研究，在灯光昏暗、播放柔和音
乐的餐厅用餐的人消耗的食物更少)”可知，下面要说跟“音乐和灯光”有关的话题，故D项“Music and
lighting help create a more relaxing setting (音乐和灯光有助于创造一个更轻松的环境)”能承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
19．由上文“Music can help you sleep better (音乐可以帮助你睡得更好)”和下文“While there are many
approaches to treating this problem research has demonstrated that listening to relaxing classical music can be a
safe, effective, and affordable therapy. (虽然有很多方法可以治疗这个问题，但研究表明，听一些轻松的古典
音乐是一种安全、有效、经济的疗法)”可知，空处应陈述失眠问题，一次引出下文解提出决该问题的方法。
故G项“Sleeplessness is a problem that affects people of different age groups (失眠是一个影响不同年龄组的人
的问题)”能承上启下，符合题意。空后的“this problem”指代G描述的问题。故选G。
20．空处位于段末，应承接上文。由上文“Research has shown that music can be very helpful in the
management of pain. One study of fibromyalgia (纤维性肌痛) patients found that those who listened to music for
one hour a day experienced a significant reduction in pain. (研究表明，音乐对治疗疼痛有很大帮助。一项针对
纤维肌痛患者的研究发现，那些每天听一小时音乐的人疼痛明显减轻)”可知，音乐可以帮助病人减轻疼痛，
F项“Such a result suggests music therapy can help treat some diseases (这样的结果表明音乐疗法可以帮助治
疗一些疾病)”符合语境。故选F。
（2023上·陕西渭南·高二校考开学考试）
After ten years of teaching at a primary school, and always dreaming about my next travel adventure, I
decided to follow my heart and combine it with a career (事业). 21
I have loved travel for as long as I could remember. My parents started travelling with me at a very young age.
Our summer holidays, and a lot of our weekends, were spent travelling in our car. We made not only a lot of local
trips but also some long journeys. 22 Therefore, Social Studies was always my favorite subject in school.
I was badly bitten by the travel bug in eleventh grade, when I took my first foreign trip to Paris. It was the first
time I had ever been on a plane! And then I fell in love. Not a temporary preference for a new movie or a new
dress. 23 The kind of love makes me truly happy.
Was I in love with Paris? Oh yes! But more so. 24 I could not get enough of it. I wanted to see as
much as I could, learn as much as I could, and make the most of every minute. Travelling by bus, I even enjoyed
simple scenes as they were flying past my window.
25 I’ve tried independent trips, group tours and package holidays. While there are advantages and
disadvantages to each type of travel, I have discovered my travel preferences. I tend to prefer travelling
independently to places that have a mix of beautiful scenery and historic heritage. Travelling makes me happy, and
I find it to be extremely satisfying on a deeper level.
A．And I became a travel writer.B．That was why I came to love travel.
C．This was true love that lasts forever.
D．I tried to take one big trip and a few small ones every year.
E．I was actually in love with this entire experience of travelling.
F．I loved seeing new places and learning about the history and culture.
G．Since that first trip, I’ve travelled to many places in many different ways.
【答案】21．A 22．F 23．C 24．E 25．G
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者对旅行的热爱，作者的旅行经历及其感受。
21．根据空前“After ten years of teaching at a primary school, and always dreaming about my next travel
adventure, I decided to follow my heart and combine it with a career (事业).(在一所小学教书十年后，我一直梦
想着我的下一次旅行冒险，我决定追随自己的内心，将其与事业结合起来。)”可知，空前提到将事业和旅
行结合起来，故A项“而且我成为了一个旅行作家。”符合，作为空前将事业和旅行结合起来带来的结果，
我成为了一名旅行作家，承接前文，故选A项。
22．根据空前“We made not only a lot of local trips but also some long journeys.(我们不仅进行了很多本地旅
行，还进行了长途旅行。)”及空后“Therefore, Social Studies was always my favorite subject in school.(因此，
社会研究学一直是我在学校里最喜欢的科目。)”可知，此处与作者的旅行有关，且解释了为什么社会学是
作者最喜欢的科目，故F项“我喜欢看新的地方，了解历史和文化。”符合，承上启下，故选F项。
23．根据空前“I was badly bitten by the travel bug in eleventh grade, when I took my first foreign trip to Paris. It
was the first time I had ever been on a plane! And then I fell in love. Not a temporary preference for a new movie or
a new dress.(十一年级的时候，我第一次去巴黎旅。这是我第一次坐飞机！然后我坠入爱河，不是对新电影
或新衣服的暂停爱好。)”可知，空前提到不是对新电影和新衣服的暂停喜爱，故C项“这是永恒的爱。”
符合，与空前对新衣服和新电影的暂时的喜爱形成对比，故选C项。
24．根据空前“Was I in love with Paris? Oh yes! But more so.(我爱上巴黎了吗？哦，是的！但不够。)”和空
后“I could not get enough of it. I wanted to see as much as I could, learn as much as I could, and make the most of
every minute. Travelling by bus, I even enjoyed simple scenes as they were flying past my window.(我爱不够。我
想看到尽可能多的东西，学到尽可能多的东西，充分利用每一分钟，乘公交汽车旅行时，我甚至欣赏到它
们从我的窗户飞过十的简单场景。)”可知，空前提到自己爱上了巴黎，空后介绍了作者在巴黎旅行的具体
想法，进一步表达对巴黎的爱，故E项“我真正地喜欢这次旅行。”符合，承上启下，故选E项。
25．根据空后“I’ve tried independent trips, group tours and package holidays. While there are advantages and
disadvantages to each type of travel, I have discovered my travel preferences.(我尝试过独立旅行，团体旅行和背包旅行。尽管每一次旅行都有优点和缺点，但我发现了自己的旅行偏好。)”可知，空后提到作者以不同的
方式旅行，故G项“自从第一次旅行以来，我以许多不同的方式去了很多地方。”符合，引出后文，故选
G项。
2021年阅读理解七选五(记叙文等)
Passage 1
【2021年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.____36____So the first thing
we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to
leave our suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing ( 水 管 )
worked. ____37____Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in
perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a
couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. ____38____ French strawberries do not taste like
cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
____39____ On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some
groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed
they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency.
You can tell this by cafés life. French cafés are always crowded.____40____When do these people work? The
French take their 35-hour workweek seriously — so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a
group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
【答案】36. F 37. C 38. G 39. E 40. A
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者夫妇两人在巴黎的居住的感受。首先，作者介绍了她
住的房子；其次，说明了巴黎人生活非常精致的原因；最后，说明法国人对待生活的态度，相较于工作效
率他们更看重生活品质。
【36题详解】
上文“My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.(我丈夫和我刚在巴黎待了一周)”说明了背景；下文“So
the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.(所以我们做的
第一件事就是租了一个非常昂贵公寓，在第六层，只有一个橱柜那么大)”是空格处的结果，因此空格处需
要填原因；根据F项“Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.(我们的目标是看看
我们是否在某种程度上可以活的像巴黎人。)”可知，作者要在巴黎住下来，所以需要租房子，两句构成因
果关系。故选F项。
【37题详解】
上文“The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though.(不过，这个地方并不是地道的法国住房)”是段落的中心句，
说明第二段主要内容是讲解公寓的情况。下文提到了楼宇和电梯的情况。C项“There was a nice kitchen
and a comfortable bed.(有一个漂亮的厨房和一张舒适的床)”提到了厨房和床，这些都属于公寓的配置。故选
C项。
【38题详解】
上文“... they eat great food and never gain weight.(他们吃得很好，而且从不发胖)”提及了食物。下文
“French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.(法
国草莓尝起来不像纸板。相反，它们会像小炸弹一样在你嘴里爆炸)”在说明法国的草莓很好吃。上下文结
合可知，因为法国的食物质量很高，所以不用吃很多就能很满足，同时吃的少也就不会发胖了。G项
“The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy. (食物是如此美味，你不需要吃太
多就能使你快乐)”符合语境要求。故选G项。
【39题详解】
第三段主要描述了作者夫妻去了采购了食物，买了草莓。下文“My husband and I agreed they were the best
fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!(我丈夫和我都认为这是我们吃过的最好的水果。但它们要18美
元!)”说明法国的水果好吃但是也很贵。选项 E“That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.(这并
不是法国人吃得比我们少的唯一原因)”承接了上一段关于法国人吃的少但是不胖的话题，同时引起下文，
给出了法国人吃的少的另一个原因‘物价贵’。故选E项。【40题详解】
根据上文“In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency (效率). You can tell this by cafés life.
French cafés are always crowded. (在法国生活质量比效率更重要。这一点你能从咖啡馆生活看出来。法国的
咖啡厅总是很拥挤)”可知，上文说明了法国人对待工作不是很积极且咖啡厅里顾客很多。下文“When do
these people work?(这些人什么时候工作？)”是一个问句，说明本句属于过渡句，承接上文说明咖啡厅里的
造成拥挤的客人的情况，A选项中有“customer”符合咖啡馆的情境设定，同时讲述了不是所有的客人都是
游客，那么意味着大部分人都是当地人，符合下文的提问。故选A项。
Passage2
【2021年浙江卷6月】You've got mail…and it's a postcard
Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly
colored picture of Rome's Colosseum. Or Africa's Victoria Falls. Or China's Great Wall. ___11___
"I often send postcards to family and friends." he says to China Daily, "but you can imagine that after a while,
you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it ___12___ ” Seeking other like-
minded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online. Many would say the Internet is
a place for people who have given up on the traditional postal service, but Paulo's hunch（直觉）paid off.
Today his hobby has developed into the website postcrossing.com, a social network that has grown to 575,217
registered users in 214 countries and regions since he started it 10 years ago. ___13___ Running the website has
almost turned into a full-time job.
Language is certainly a harrier for many people. For postcrossing to work worldwide, a common
communication language is needed so that everyone can understand each other. As cool as it may be to receive a
postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn't work if one doesn't understand it. ___14___ So a common
language is required and in postcrossing that's English since it's widely spoken.
"Many people in China have limited exposure to English. ___15___ That said, we know of many
postcrossing members, including Chinese, who have actually improved their English skills through their use of
postcrossing," Paulo says.
A. And that's totally fine
B. That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it
C. He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby
D. Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E. On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.F. Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
G. In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.
【答案】11. G 12. A 13. E 14. F 15. B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Paulo Magalhaes创建postcrossing.com的过程及其现状。
Paulo Magalhaes非常喜欢明信片但是苦于身边没有与他志趣相投的人，于是他开始从网上寻求志同道合的
人，因而创立了postcrossing.com。随着公司在全球不断壮大，语言成为沟通的主要障碍，后来英语被选为
共同语言方便大家交流。
【11题详解】
上文“Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a
brightly colored image of Rome's Colosseum. Or Africa's Victoria Falls. Or China’s Great Wall.( 34 岁的葡萄牙电
脑工程师Paulo Magalhaes喜欢打开他的邮箱，然后发现一个色彩鲜艳的罗马斗牛场图像。或者非洲的维多
利亚瀑布。或者是中国的长城)”介绍了Paulo喜欢明信片的个人爱好。下文“... and you realize that not
everyone is into it.”说明他身边缺少与他志趣相投的人。选项G“In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement
of getting a scribbled note from someone far away.(简而言之，他喜欢明信片，也喜欢收到远方某人潦草的便
条时的那种兴奋)”起到承上启下的作用，总结了上文Paulo喜欢明信片，也引出下文关于他的喜好得不到
回应的问题。故选G项。
【12题详解】
上文““I often send postcards to family and friends." he says to China Daily, “but you can imagine that after a
while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it(“我经常给家人和朋友寄
明信片， ”他说，“但你可以想象，过一段时间，你收到的明信片不会像你寄的那么多，而且你意识到
并不是每个人都喜欢这样。”)”说明Paulo意识到身边的亲人和朋友不是都和他有相同的爱好，因此他也
很坦然接受这个事实，因此选项A“那完全没问题”符合语境。故选A项。
【13题详解】
上文“Today his hobby has evolved into the website Postcrossing.com, a social network that has grown to 575,217
registered users in 214 countries and regions since he launched it 10 years ago.(如今，他的这个爱好已经发展成
了Postcrossing.com这个社交网站。自从10年前他创建这个网站以来，已经有来自214个国家和地区的
575217名注册用户)”是在介绍目前网站的发展状况，因此符合文意的只有E选项“8月5日，会员互赠的
明信片数量达到3100万张”是在介绍该网站相关的数据。故选E项。
【14题详解】
上文“As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn't work if one doesn't的
understand it.(收到一张用中文写 明信片可能很酷，但如果你不理解它，这个概念就行不通)”是举例说明
他国人收到中文明信片时的问题。选项 F“Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card written in
Swedish takes part of the fun away.(同样地，如果你只会说中文，收到瑞典语的卡片也会夺走一部分乐趣)”是
举例说明中国人收到他国语言明信片时也会遇到相同的问题。两句相结合，符合结论句的语义要求，故选
F项。
【15题详解】
上文“Many people in China have limited exposure to English.(许多中国人很少能接触到英语)”说明对某些人
来说学习英语的门槛较高。结合下文“... who actually improved their English skills through their use of
postcrossing.(他们实际上通过使用明信片来提高他们的英语技能)”可知，写明信片成为一种练习英语的渠道。
因此选项B “这使得学习和练习它变得格外困难 ”符合语境要求，说明对一些人来说学习和练习英语的难
度较高，因为渠道较少。故选B项。
2019年阅读理解七选五(记叙文等)
Passage1
【2019年北京卷】Much of the work in today’s world is accomplished(完成)in teams. Most people believe
the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals._____46_____Companies
spend millions hiring top business people. Is their money well spent？
___47___They focused on football，basketball and baseball. The results are mixed For football and
basketball，adding talented players to a team proves a good method，but only up to the point where 70% of the
players are top talent；above that level, the team’s performance begins to decline. Interestingly，this trend isn’t
evident in baseball. where additional individual talent keeps improving the team’s performance.
To explain this phenomenon，the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team
requires its members to coordinate(协调)their actions.______48______In baseball，the performance of individual
players is less dependent on teammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high，team performance
will suffer when there is too much talent，while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance
when task interdependence is lower. If a basketball star is. for example，trying to gain a high personal point total，
he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate，affecting the team's
performance. Young children learning to play team sports are often told，“There is no I in TEAM.”___49___
Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team，some players may make less effort. Just as
in a game of tug-of-war(拔河比赛)，whenever a person is added，everyone else pulls the rope with less force.___50___.An A-team may require a balance-not just A players，but a few generous B players as well.
A. It's not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.
B. Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent
C. The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers' attention.
D. Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.
E. Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.
F. Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.
G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.
【答案】46. B 47. E 48. G 49. D 50. F（本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了当今世界的大
部分工作都是在团队中完成的。大多数人认为组建一个伟大团队的最好方法是聚集一群最有才华的人。可
是他们的钱花得好吗？文章就这一问题进行了调查。）
【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才
要复杂得多。一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些优雅量的普通球员。
46.B上文说“大多数人相信建立一个伟大团队的最好方法就是聚集一群最有天赋的人
个人”。下文说“公司花费数百万雇佣顶级商业人士。”该空承上启下，也是在举例，B选项“运动队老
板花费数百万美元吸引顶尖人才。”切题，故选B。
47.E下文说“他们专注于足球、篮球和篮球。结果有好有坏。”该空引出下文，E选项“最近的几项研究
调查了体育世界中人才的作用。”切题，故选E。
48.G上文说“为了解释这一现象，研究人员探索了一场好的表现要求队员们协调他们行动的程度”，下文
说明了研究结果，该空承上启下，G选项“这项任务的相互依赖性使棒球区别于足球和篮球。”切题，故
选G。
49.D上文说了“一个球星为了个人得分，而影响团队的表现”，该空承接上文，D选项“球星显然没有遵
守运动员精神的基本原则”切题，故选D。
50.F
下文说“一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些优雅量的普通球员。”该空
引出下文，F选项“建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。”切题，故选F。
