文档内容
专题 05 阅读理解七选五
七选五作为高考英语全国卷中的一道必考和重点题型，考查以说明文为主，内容、主题多是社会生活
和文化科技；题型以段中句为主，段首句和段尾句为辅。主要考查考生的逻辑能力,包括整篇语言逻辑和句
与句之间上下文逻辑关系的判断;备选答案中含有两个干扰选项,这两个干扰选项在表面上看往往与正确答
案有一定的相关性,这给考生解题带来很大的困难；文章篇幅较长，解题时间有限，一旦出错，往往一错错
一串，是特别容易丢分的题型。与完形填空相比,补全短文空缺的是5个句子，无法从句子层面寻找线索，
所以分析语篇结构和理清空格与上下文之间的逻辑关系显得异常重要。可以说，此题型是对语言能力和阅
读理解能力的综合测试，因此在要求上远远高于这两种题型。考生有必要对这类题型的答题思路多练习，
以提高自己在这个部分的应试能力。
Fake news spreads rapidly, especially on social media. As students progress in their education, they need to be
able to distinguish fake news stories from true, fact-checked journalism. ____1____
Check the history and reputation of the author and publication
Most fake news sites have just existed for a short time. ____2____ If it’s sharing a popular article disgracing
a politician running for office in 2020, for example, but the website itself is newly-created, it’s likely that the article
and site are not trustworthy.
____3____
When a big news event occurs, multiple media organizations will report it. Search for other publications that
have posted stories about the news. If no other news outlets are reporting the story, it’s probably a fake.
Be cautious about sensational (耸人听闻的) headlines
Fake news is designed to strike an immediate emotional chord in audiences by using an alarming headline.
Often people share such a story based merely on the headline. ____4____ If a headline seems ridiculous, or
simply lacks the ring of truth, search for reliable sources that confirm the accuracy of the story.
Carefully examine photos and other media accompanying the stories
____5____ If you see a shocking or particularly engaging photo or video in an article, take a moment to
determine whether it is intended only to arouse an emotional reaction in readers. Use a service such as TinEye to
find where else it appears. Often, there is an original version that tells a different story.
A．They even haven’t read the article itself.B．Here’s our advice on how to spot a fake.
C．Compare the news with some other big news.
D．Determine whether other media are reporting the same news.
E．Fake news providers often use eye-catching photos or videos.
F．Photos and videos used in news are usually very beautiful and attractive.
G．You can find out that by entering its address in the Domain Age Checker.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在网上辨别假新闻的四种方法。
1．B【解析】上文“As students progress in their education, they need to be able to distinguish fake news stories
from true, fact-checked journalism. (随着学生在教育中的进步，他们需要能够区分假新闻报道和真实的、经
过事实核查的新闻报道。)”指出辨别假新闻对于学生学习的必要性；下文“Check the history and reputation
of the author and publication (检查作者和出版物的历史和声誉)”介绍了在网上辨别假新闻的方法之一。B项
“Here’s our advice on how to spot a fake. (以下是我们关于如何发现假新闻的建议。)”，承接上文，引出下
文，符合语境。故选B。
2．G【解析】上文“Most fake news sites have just existed for a short time. (大多数假新闻网站都存在很短时
间。)”指出假新闻网站存在时间短；下文“If it’s sharing a popular article disgracing a politician running for
office in 2020, for example, but the website itself is newly-created, it’s likely that the article and site are not
trustworthy. (例如，如果它分享了一篇关于2020年竞选的政客的热门文章，但网站本身是新创建的，那么
这篇文章和网站很可能不可信。)”举例说明哪些网站和其中的新闻不可信。G项“You can find out that by
entering its address in the Domain Age Checker. (您可以通过在域名年龄检查器中输入其地址来了解这一
点。)”，承接上文，建议读者要通过一些方法途径核实假新闻网站，而下文又是对该选项的解释，故该选
项符合语境。故选G。
3．D【解析】下文“When a big news event occurs, multiple media organizations will report it. (当重大新闻事
件发生时，多家媒体机构将对其进行报道。)”指出多家媒体报道的重大新闻是真实的。D项“Determine
whether other media are reporting the same news. (确定其他媒体是否在报道相同的新闻。)”与下文语义相近，
建议如果其他媒体也报道该新闻，能确认这则新闻的真实性，符合语境，可以用做这一段的小标题，作为
甄别真假新闻的方式之一。故选D。
4．A【解析】上文“Often people share such a story based merely on the headline. (人们通常只根据标题分享
这样的故事。)”指出人们通常根据标题，就会分享故事；A项“They even haven’t read the article itself. (他们
甚至没有读过这篇文章本身。)”，承接上文，指出人们只阅读标题，根本就没有读文章本身，就将故事分
享出去，符合语境。故选A。5．E【解析】上文小标题“Carefully examine photos and other media accompanying the stories (仔细检查伴随
故事的照片和其他媒体)”指出要仔细检查伴随故事的照片和其他媒体；E项“Fake news providers often use
eye-catching photos or videos. (假新闻提供者经常使用引人注目的照片或视频。)”，和上文一致，指出假新
闻提供引人注目的照片视频，因此才需要上文提及的仔细检查。故选E。
技巧1：依据词汇线索
词汇线索主要包括代词线索和词汇复现两种情况。
(1)代词线索
英语表达中,代词出现的频率极高。代词主要是为避免重复,用于指代前面提到的人或物，有时也用于指代
前面提到的名词或概念。巧妙利用这样的指代关系可以有效地帮助我们做出正确的选择。
(2)词汇复现
词汇复现指相同词汇的重复使用、同义词和近义词的复现或同一范畴词的复现。英语的线性思维表现为第
一句话的宾语,往往是第二句的主语，或者前后句有相同或重叠的词语。这种前后句语义的衔接常以句子中
关键词(常为名词、动词、形容词)的同义词、近义词(组)或反义词(组)复现的方式来实现。解题时可以利用
这些词作为解题线索。
技巧2：依据逻辑和衔接关系
文章由段落组成,围绕中心话题展开。各段、句之间形成一定的语义逻辑关系,有总分、并列、层递、转折、
对比、解释、例证、因果关系等。“七选五”阅读理解的解题策略之一就是理清这些关系,并据此选出正确
答案。
技巧3：依据空格位置
(1)空格在段首
当某段开头处设空时,通常要填的内容是该段的主题句，考生需要认真研读该段内容，尤其是设空处后面的
一两句，确定线索词，然后从备选项中查找这些线索词的同义词、近义词或关联词。一般正确选项与空后
第一句在内容上是连贯且符合逻辑的，在意义上是紧密衔接的。
(2)空格在段中
当设空在段中时,通常考查该空与前后句子之间的逻辑关系和上下文的衔接。考查的逻辑关系：总分关系、
解释关系、例证关系、转折关系、因果关系、递进关系和并列关系 7大关系。有时会出现下列衔接词
语:first，second，then，next, later,soon, so, but, however, additionally, what's more , that is, namely, in other
words, for one thing...for an- other 等。
(3)空格在段尾
当设空在段尾时，通常是结论性、概括性语句。是对上文的概括总结。如果缺的是结论性、概括性的语句,
考生应快速浏览七个备选项,注意选项中是否出现表示结果、结论总结等的信号词,如so，therefore, as a
result, in short， in a word，all in all 等词或短语，快速缩小选择范围，再根据段落主题一致性原则，从而
确定正确选项。一、
Pushing yourself out of your comfort zone and try something a little scary can help you get into the habit not
of failing but of learning from each new experience. Try the following:
____1____ The good news is that you needn’t go abroad in order to make a fool of yourself! There are almost
certain to be restaurants in your city run by people who do not speak the same first-language as you. Don’t worry if
your grasp of their language is imperfect. ____2____ And who cares if they laugh!? Laugh along with them.
Date someone you would normally avoid. Obviously, this does not mean dating someone you find unattractive
or threatening. But, let’s say you are a man and normally date girls who are ambitious and career-minded. Of
course, the date may be a complete disaster. You may even find yourself reduced to silence, while she sits there
looking bored to death. ____3____
Try cooking a meal for family or friends. If you are the sort of person who finds toasted sandwiches
complicated, try making a three course meal for friends. Remember, you are learning to approach failure in a new
way. If that seems too big a deal, try simply cooking dinner for your partner. ____4____ You may use too much
sugar, or leave the meat in for too long, or not realize that you should have placed it on the bottom shelf of the
oven, or whatever. A week later, try the same meal again, this time correcting your mistakes. ____5____ You can
be sure that your favourite chef messed up her signature dish numerous times before she got it right—indeed, that is
how she got it right!
A．Order food in a foreign language.
B．Learn to value and even accept failure.
C．Things will almost certainly go wrong.
D．But it will at least be a new kind of experience.
E．But failure does have valuable lessons to teach.
F．The waiters will almost certainly appreciate your effort.
G．Cooking is an excellent example of how people learn through failure.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了走出舒适区的方法。
1．A【解析】本题为段落的主题句。根据后文“The good news is that you needn’t go abroad in order to make
a fool of yourself! There are almost certain to be restaurants in your city run by people who do not speak the same
first-language as you. (好消息是，你不必为了出丑而出国！几乎可以肯定，在你居住的城市里，有些餐馆的
老板的母语和你不一样。)”可知，此处强调的是为了让自己走出舒适圈可以尝试去一些外国人开的餐馆尝试用外语点餐。A选项“Order food in a foreign language.(用外语点餐。)”概括本段段旨，引起下文。故选
A。
2．F【解析】根据空前“Don’t worry if your grasp of their language is imperfect. (如果你对他们语言的掌握不
够完美，也不要担心。)”可知，当去外国餐馆点餐的时候，不用担心自己的语言不好。由此推知，后文应
该提出不用担心的原因。F选项“The waiters will almost certainly appreciate your effort.(服务员几乎肯定会感
激你的努力。)”符合题意。故选F。
3．D【解析】根据本段段首“Date someone you would normally avoid.(和你通常会避开的人约会。)”以及空
前“You may even find yourself reduced to silence, while she sits there looking bored to death. (你甚至会发现自
己陷入沉默，而她却坐在那里无聊得要死。)”可知，为了让自己跳出舒适圈，可以去和一些通常会避开的
人约会，尽管你会发现自己陷入沉默，而她却坐在那里无聊得要死，可是这对你来说至少是一次新的体验。
D选项“But it will at least be a new kind of experience.(但这至少会是一种新的体验。)”与前文构成转折关系，
符合文意。故选D。
4．C【解析】根据后文“You may use too much sugar, or leave the meat in for too long, or not realize that you
should have placed it on the bottom shelf of the oven, or whatever. (你可能放了太多的糖，或者把肉放在里面太
久，或者没有意识到你应该把它放在烤箱的底层，等等。)”可知，在尝试做饭的过程中你会犯很多错误。
C选项“Things will almost certainly go wrong.(事情几乎肯定会出错。)”总结了上面在自己尝试做饭的过程
中所犯的错误，符合文意。故选C。
5．G【解析】根据本段段首“Try cooking a meal for family or friends. (试着为家人或朋友做顿饭。)”以及空
后“You can be sure that your favourite chef messed up her signature dish numerous times before she got it right—
indeed, that is how she got it right!(你可以肯定，你最喜欢的厨师在做出正确的菜之前，已经把她的招牌菜搞
砸了无数次——事实上，这就是她如何做出正确的菜！)”推知，空处话题应与烹饪相关。G选项“Cooking
is an excellent example of how people learn through failure.(烹饪是一个很好的例子，说明人们如何从失败中学
习。)”符合题意，引出下文。故选G。
二、
How to Plan the Graduation Trip
Graduation is around the corner, and so is the trip of your lifetime. There are many amazing reasons to plan
your perfect graduation trip. You may want a break from school.____6____. Or you may want some quality time
away from your regular schedule with your friends. Whatever the reason, taking a graduation trip is a great boost
for you before you leave your home and head to the big world. Here are some expert tips for planning the trip of
your life.____7____
Before you start your research on your trip, it will be a good idea to set your budget. You have to estimate the
cost of flights, accommodations, food, taxi rides, gifts, and so on.
Adding a 10％ buffer (缓冲) to each line item won’t harm you in any way if you end up spending a little
more. ____8____.
Research destinations
Once you have set your budget, start to explore various destinations within your budget. ____9____. You
might need to explore a place in-depth, go to a place with lots of sports and activities, or a place where you want to
relax while enjoying it. Please read the reviews of the travelers who have enjoyed the destination trip and find out
about their attractions, dining, and sights.
Get your documents ready
Don’t wait until the last moment to have your documents in order. Take enough time to work on all your
proper forms and documents beforehand. ____10____
A．Create your budget
B．Try your best to save money
C．Check out what kind of destinations would suit you
D．You may want to celebrate all the hard work in a fun way
E．It’s always important to check the reviews before you go somewhere
F．Also, it would be an excellent idea if you set aside some money for emergencies
G．Also, check if the paperwork needs to be done while entering your chosen destination
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了应该如何计划毕业旅行。
6．D【解析】设空处上文指出进行毕业旅行的原因有很多。设空处前后分别给出了一个原因，由此可知，
设空处也应介绍毕业旅行的一个原因，D项“You may want to celebrate all the hard work in a fun way (你可
能想以一种有趣的方式来庆祝你所有的努力)”符合语境，与前后两句构成并列关系，且句中“You may
want”结构上与前后句相照应。故选D。
7．A【解析】设空处为本段小标题。根据段落中的“Before you start your research on your trip, it will be a
good idea to set your budget. You have to estimate the cost of flights, accommodations, food, taxi rides, gifts, and
so on.(在你开始你的旅行研究之前，设定你的预算将是一个好主意。你必须估计机票、住宿、食物、出租
车、礼物等等的费用)”可知，本段介绍如何制定预算，故A项“Create your budget(制定预算)”是最佳标题。
故选A。8．F【解析】上文“Adding a 10％ buffer (缓冲) to each line item won’t harm you in any way if you end up
spending a little more.( 在每一行项目中增加10%的缓冲，即使你最终多花了一点，也不会对你造成任何伤
害)”提出增加预算作缓冲，F项“Also, it would be an excellent idea if you set aside some money for
emergencies (此外，如果你存一些钱以备不时之需也是个好主意)”同样提出要预留钱来应对不时之需，与上
文构成并列关系，都是对本段主题“制定预算”的具体说明。故选F。
9．C【解析】根据标题“Research destinations (研究目的地)”可知本段介绍如何选择目的地。结合设空处前
文的“explore various destinations within your budget (在你的预算范围内探索不同的目的地)”和后文介绍了几
种不同的目的地可知，C项“Check out what kind of destinations would suit you (看看什么样的目的地适合
你)”符合语境。故选C。
10．G【解析】根据本段小标题“Get your documents ready (准备好文件)”和设空处前文的 “have your
documents in order”和“work on all your proper forms and documents beforehand”可知，本段强调要提前准备
好各种证件。G项“Also, check if the paperwork needs to be done while entering your chosen destination (此外，
在进入你选择的目的地时，检查是否需要完成文书工作)”符合语境，句中“paperwork”与本段中的
“documents”和“forms”构成词汇同现。故选G。
一、
（2023·辽宁沈阳·统考一模）Men’s sport has for decades benefited from what investors call a “flywheel
effect”. Big broadcast and sponsorship deals throw money into the game readily.____1____. That, in turn, generates
even more money the next time around.
Women’s sport has long suffered the opposite phenomenon.____2____With few games available, viewers
cannot tune in, and few viewers means little money.
The flywheel may, at last, be starting to turn round.____3____The first quarter of 2022 saw the highest
viewership, up by around 50% on 2019, the last full year before the pandemic. Women’s sport is resisting a general
trend for people to watch less television. Streaming (流媒体), meanwhile, offers a way to show games without
expensive deals with broadcasters, helping to build fanbases.
____4____Viewership of the Women’s National Basketball Association (WNBA) in America rose by 50% in
2021 compared with 2020. In February, the WNBA felt confident, raising $75 million and valuing it at $I billion.The prize pool for this year’s Women’s Championship is $16 million, double the value in 2017.
One big change is that several big rights-holders, including FIFA and World Rugby, now sell, sponsorship
rights for women’s events, separately, rather than bonded with the men’s tournaments.____5____
A．Start with viewing figures.
B．Money is starting to follow eyeballs.
C．Many associations fund the women’s sports.
D．Some think sponsors get a better deal with women’s sports.
E．Broadcasters have unwillingly shown it without being sure that people will watch.
F．That attracts more players and raises the level of play, which helps attract more viewers.
G．That forces buyers and sellers to think about exactly how much such rights might be worth.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是几十年来，男子运动一直受益于投资者所说的“飞轮效
应”。如今，女子运动也受到“飞轮效应”的影响。
1．F【解析】根据前文“Men’s sport has for decades benefited from what investors call a “flywheel effect”. Big
broadcast and sponsorship deals throw money into the game readily.(几十年来，男子运动一直受益于投资者所
说的“飞轮效应”。大型转播和赞助协议很容易就把钱投入到比赛中。)”和后文的“That, in turn, generates
even more money the next time around.(这反过来又会在下一次产生更多的钱。)”可知，F选项“That attracts
more players and raises the level of play, which helps attract more viewers.(那吸引了更多的玩家，提高了比赛水
平，这有助于吸引更多的观众。)”符合语境，承上启下。F项中的that指代前文的“飞轮效应”，这种效应
吸引了更多的玩家，提高了比赛的水平，反之下一次产生更多的钱。下文中的that指代空处内容，故选
F。
2．E【解析】根据前文的“Women’s sport has long suffered the opposite phenomenon.(长期以来，女子运动一
直遭遇相反的现象。)”可知，长期以来，女子运动不太受观众的关注。设空处应该指出由此带来的结果。E
选项“Broadcasters have unwillingly shown it without being sure that people will watch.(广播公司在不确定观众
是否会观看的情况下，不愿意播放节目。)”符合语境，指出由于女子运动项目不太受观众的关注所以广播
公司不愿意播放节目。故选E。
3．A【解析】根据后文“The first quarter of 2022 saw the highest viewership, up by around 50% on 2019, the
last full year before the pandemic.( 2022年第一季度的收视率最高，比2019年(大流行前的最后一年)增长了
约50%。)”可知，此处通过数据解释了飞轮效应。故A选项“Start with viewing figures.(从观看数据开
始。)”引起下文，符合语境。故选A。
4．B【解析】根据后文“Viewership of the Women’s National Basketball Association (WNBA) in America roseby 50% in 2021 compared with 2020. In February, the WNBA felt confident, raising $75 million and valuing it at $I
billion. (与2020年相比，2021年美国女子篮球协会(WNBA)的收视率上升了50%。今年2月，WNBA感到
信心十足，筹集了7500万美元，估值为1亿美元。)”可知，随着女子篮球的收视率上升，WNBA由此筹集
了更多的金钱，即随着关注度的上升，获得的金钱回报则越多。B选项“Money is starting to follow
eyeballs.(金钱开始追随关注度。)”概括本段段旨，符合语境，引起下文。故选B。
5．G【解析】根据前文“One big change is that several big rights-holders, including FIFA and World Rugby,
now sell, sponsorship rights for women’s events, separately, rather than bonded with the men’s tournaments.(一个
巨大的变化是，包括国际足联和世界橄榄球联盟在内的几大版权持有者现在分别出售女子赛事的赞助权，
而不是与男子赛事捆绑在一起。)”可知，国际足联和世界橄榄球联盟在内的几大版权持有者现在分别出售
女子赛事的赞助权，而不是与男子赛事捆绑在一起。G选项“That forces buyers and sellers to think about
exactly how much such rights might be worth.(那迫使买卖双方考虑这些版权究竟值多少钱。)”符合语境，其
中的that指代前文的“国际足联和世界橄榄球联盟在内的几大版权持有者现在分别出售女子赛事的赞助
权”，前后文是因果关系，同时本句中的rights与前文中的rights呼应。故选G。
二、
（2023·山东潍坊·统考一模）There are few natural sounds more uplifting to my spirit than the bright and
cheering calls and songs of black-capped chickadees (山雀). One of my morning routines is to step outside the
house and listen for the voices of black-caps.
There is something comforting to me in black-caps’ presence. ____6____ Sometimes they are the only birds
I’ll hear on my local woodland walks and for me the forest would be a lonelier place without them.
After I’d moved into a house on Anchorage’s Hillside, I placed a makeshift feeder on my home’s back.
____7____ For each, the routine was similar: dashed in, looked around, pecked (啄) at the tray, looked around
again, and dashed out. Nervous little creatures, full of bright energy, they soon had me laughing at their funny way,
By the time they moved on, I sensed an all-too-rare upwelling of fascination and joy.
Within days, a whole new world opened up as woodland neighbors I’d never known, or even imagined, joined
the black-caps at my feeders: red-breasted nuthatches, common redpolls…What was remarkable was that all of
those species were common residents of the Anchorage area. ____8____
My newfound interest in birds grew quickly, surprising even me. ____9____ I visited bookstores in search of
birding guidebooks. Excitedly exchanged bird descriptions with a stranger. Purchased 50-pound bags of sunflower
seeds. All of this seemed very strange to a middle-aged guy who’d never been attracted by birds. Even more, I had
previously judged bird watchers to be rather dull sorts.____10____ They’ve reminded me how my world can expand and become enriched when I make the effort to
pay attention. What else awaits me in our world, I wonder, that I haven’t yet discovered or noticed?
A．Nature always amazed me in its own way.
B．Yet in prior days and years, I had no idea.
C．Black-caps are a sign of good environment.
D．Within a day, black-caps accepted my invitation to dine.
E．Black-caps have had a special place at the top of my affections.
F．What started as mere curiosity flowered into a consuming passion.
G．And much more often than not, they are heard before they’re seen.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者对黑帽山雀的热爱。
6．G【解析】由空后的“Sometimes they are the only birds I’ll hear on my local woodland walks and for me the
forest would be a lonelier place without them.(有时，它们是我在当地森林散步时唯一能听到的鸟类，对我来
说，没有它们，森林将是一个更加孤独的地方)”可知，它们的声音很容易被听到，G选项“And much more
often than not, they are heard before they’re seen.(通常情况下，它们在被看到之前就被听到了)”说明了鸟的叫
声很明显，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选G。
7．D【解析】空前说“After I’d moved into a house on Anchorage’s Hillside, I placed a makeshift feeder on my
home’s back.(在我搬进安克雷奇山坡上的一所房子后，我在家里的后面放了一个临时的喂食器)”，空格处应
该说这些鸟就可以来吃东西了，D选项“Within a day, black-caps accepted my invitation to dine.(不到一天，
黑帽山雀就接受了我的晚餐邀请)”说明了作者给鸟喂食，承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
8．B【解析】空前说“Within days, a whole new world opened up as woodland neighbors I’d never known, or
even imagined, joined the black-caps at my feeders: red-breasted nuthatches, common redpolls…What was
remarkable was that all of those species were common residents of the Anchorage area.(几天之内，一个全新的世
界展现在我面前，我从未认识，或者想象到的森林邻居加入了我饲养的黑帽山雀：红胸金盏花，普通红尾
莺……值得注意的是，所有这些物种都是安克雷奇地区的普通居民)”，空格处应该说作者以前是不知道有
这些鸟的，B选项“Yet in prior days and years, I had no idea.(然而在过去的几年里，我对此一无所知)”承接
上文，符合语境，故选B。
9．F【解析】空前说“My newfound interest in birds grew quickly, surprising even me.(我对鸟类新发现的兴趣
迅速增长，连我自己都感到惊讶)”，空后说“I visited bookstores in search of birding guidebooks. Excitedly
exchanged bird descriptions with a stranger.(我去书店寻找观鸟指南。兴奋地和一个陌生人交换鸟类的描述)”，
因此空格处应该说作者对鸟的爱好日益增长，F选项“What started as mere curiosity flowered into aconsuming passion.(最初仅仅是好奇，后来发展成强烈的爱好)”说明了作者的爱好的增加，因此承上启下，
符合语境，故选F。
10．E【解析】空后说“They’ve reminded me how my world can expand and become enriched when I make the
effort to pay attention.(它们提醒我，当我努力集中注意力时，我的世界可以扩大并变得丰富)”，空格处应该
说黑帽山雀对作者的重要性，E选项“Black-caps have had a special place at the top of my affections.(黑帽山
雀占据着我的感情之巅的特殊地位)”说明了黑帽山雀的重要性，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选E。
三、
（2023·江苏南京·校联考一模）Calendars are for managing your time. They work overtime to keep the
messiness of human life confined into neat little grids, squeezing our lives into seconds, minutes and hours. I
appreciate a calendar’s determined efforts to manage time. ___11___ For the past several years, I’ve kept a
planner with me at all times. The real magic in planners, to me, comes in the blank space where I reflect on the past
and imagine the future. Cracking open a fresh week’s layout on a Monday morning and seeing the empty pages
expand like a canvas waiting to be filled, the tone of the week yet to be set, the possibilities endless.
You start by creating a wish list for your ideal life. The idea is to be as specific as possible. You then pick the
one goal that would have the biggest positive impact. You break that goal down into smaller tasks, and then
prioritize them. ___12___ This method turns a general idea in your head into something that you can actually
accomplish. From there, you can reflect every month on how you spent your time, and whether what you did
actually is consistent with the goals you set.
___13___ It leaves no digital footprint, but it does leave a paper trail that you can look back on for years to
come. It doesn’t buzz impatiently when you don’t look at it, and it will not be exported to Outlook. It requires you
to sit in quiet conversation with yourself, reflecting on your past and visualizing your future. It forces me to answer
hard truths, like what do I really want out of life and am I spending my days in line with who I want to be.
___14___
Planning helps me ensure that I’m not a passenger at the mercy of my calendar, but rather driving toward a
destination that I choose. ___15___ And some really nice pens.
A．Then, add those tasks to the calendar.
B．There’s no pressure to make it perfect.
C．But planners are for dreaming without limits.
D．It’s easy to appreciate calendars for their usefulness.
E．Using a paper planner brings me both joy and a sense of calm.F．It’s an important ritual (仪式) that deserves weight and ceremony.
G．After all, our lives are the sum of how we spend our time and what we pay attention to.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了paper planner (纸张规划簿)，它可以给作者带来快乐与平静，
表达了作者对它的喜爱。
11．C【解析】上文“Calendars are for managing your time. They work overtime to keep the messiness of human
life confined into neat little grids, squeezing our lives into seconds, minutes and hours. I appreciate a calendar’s
determined efforts to manage time. (日历用于管理您的时间。它们加班加点，把人类生活中的混乱局限在整
洁的小格子里，把我们的生活压缩成几秒钟、几分钟和几小时。我欣赏日历为管理时间所做的坚定努力)”
讲述了日历的作用，它把人们的生活限制在整齐的小格子中，作者表示出对日历的欣赏。下文“For the
past several years, I’ve kept a planner with me at all times. The real magic in planners, to me, comes in the blank
space where I reflect on the past and imagine the future. Cracking open a fresh week’s layout on a Monday morning
and seeing the empty pages expand like a canvas waiting to be filled, the tone of the week yet to be set, the
possibilities endless. (在过去的几年里，我一直都有一个规划簿。对我来说，规划簿的真正魔力来自于我反
思过去和想象未来的空白空间。在周一的早晨打开一周的新布局，看到空白的页面像画布一样展开，等待
填满，本周的基调尚未设定，可能性无限)”讲到在过去的几年里，作者一直随身带着一个规划簿，它给作
者的神奇魔力是空白的空间，给作者无限可能，没有束缚。因此，可以推断出空格内容应表示转折对比，
体现规划簿的没有束缚特征，C选项“但规划簿支持无限制的梦想。”切题。故选C。
12．A【解析】上文“You start by creating a wish list for your ideal life. The idea is to be as specific as possible.
You then pick the one goal that would have the biggest positive impact. You break that goal down into smaller
tasks, and then prioritize them. (你首先要为你的理想生活建立一个愿望清单。想法是尽可能具体。然后你选
择一个会产生最大积极影响的目标。你将目标分解为较小的任务，然后对它们进行优先级排序)”讲到列一
个详细的愿望清单，挑选一个最有积极影响的目标，然后把它们分成一个个小任务，然后排序。下文
“This method turns a general idea in your head into something that you can actually accomplish. From there, you
can reflect every month on how you spent your time, and whether what you did actually is consistent with the goals
you set. (这种方法将你头脑中的一个总的想法转变为你可以实际完成的事情。从那里，你可以每个月反思
你是如何度过时间的，以及你所做的事情是否与你设定的目标一致)”讲到这个方法的作用，在那里可以反
映出你每个月时间的分配。因此，可以推断，空格中应对上文的小任务进行处理。下文的there有所指，故
选项中应出现一个东西或者地方，结合第一段讲到日历的作用可知，there指日历，A选项“然后，将这些
任务添加到日历中。”切题。故选A。
13．E【解析】段首的空格，因此我们要往后看。由下文“It leaves no digital footprint, but it does leave apaper trail that you can look back on for years to come. It doesn’t buzz impatiently when you don’t look at it, and it
will not be exported to Outlook. It requires you to sit in quiet conversation with yourself, reflecting on your past
and visualizing your future. (它没有留下数字足迹，但它确实留下了纸上的痕迹，你可以在未来几年回顾。
当你不看它时，它不会不耐烦地发出嗡嗡声，也不会导出到Outlook。它要求你与自己静静地交谈，反思
你的过去，想象你的未来)”可知，空格处是这一段的总起句，这个“它”指的就是paper planner (纸张规划
簿)，纸张规划簿给作者带来了平静，E选项“使用纸张规划簿给我带来了快乐和平静。”切题。故选E。
14．G【解析】由上文“It forces me to answer hard truths, like what do I really want out of life and am I
spending my days in line with who I want to be. (它迫使我回答一些残酷的事实，比如我真正想要的是什么，
我的日子是按照我想成为的人度过的吗)”讲到纸张规划簿促使作者回答一些残酷的事实，让作者思考真正
想从生活中得到什么，有没有活成自己想要的样子。因此，可以推测，这个空格也是在探讨生活究竟是什
么，G选项“毕竟，我们的生活是我们如何花费时间和关注什么的总和。”切题。故选G。
15．F【解析】上文“Planning helps me ensure that I’m not a passenger at the mercy of my calendar, but rather
driving toward a destination that I choose. (计划有助于我确保我不是一个受日历支配的乘客，而是朝着我选择
的目的地开车)”讲到计划帮助作者确保自己不是一个被日历支配的旅客，而是驶向自己选择的终点，再结
合下文“And some really nice pens. (还有一些非常漂亮的钢笔)”可知，写计划需要钢笔，因此，可以推断空
格内容要承上启下。承接上文计划是一个重要的仪式，引起下文，它需要重量和仪式，也需要好的钢笔。
F选项“这是一个值得重视和仪式的重要仪式。”切题。故选F。
四、
（2023·河北·校联考模拟预测）Entrepreneurs(企业家)should have the gift of seeing things in the present,
even if they are in the future. To start a successful start-up, three simple things are needed. ___16___
Time management. Managing time efficiently is the feature of a successful business. Smart management of
time and resources implies a well-thought-out plan and a smooth-oiled work culture. Prioritizing time, resources,
and staff based on the tasks at hand will also ensure that important tasks will get done. ___17___
The right work, by the right person. Working on the right thing by the right person is probably the only thing
more important than working hard. Do not hesitate to delegate(授权委派)when the situation calls for it.
___18___Every time you state what you want, it is a message to both you and the others about what you think is
possible. In the end, nothing should stop you or your team from giving the best. Each member of the team should
work to understand exactly where their strengths are and work together to ensure that every task gets completed by
the person with the best expertise.
___19___ The start-up community is a close web group. Seek out fellow entrepreneurs and talk to them aboutthe challenges and thrills you are facing on your entrepreneurial journey. Networking events and social media are a
great platform to meet entrepreneurs and learn about their experiences. ___20___And an Entrepreneur Workshop
like Ivy Early Entrepreneur is the best place to grow your network and find mentors(导师).
A．Grow intelligently.
B．Meet, network, share.
C．Remember, time is money!
D．Have confidence in your abilities.
E．Here are a few tips for you to follow.
F．They also provide an opportunity to form valuable partnerships.
G．Take care of your health and everything else will take care of itself.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了三条成功创业的建议。
16．E【解析】根据上文“To start a successful start-up, three simple things are needed. (要开始成功的创业，
需要三件简单的事情)”以及下文每段首句可知，空格处承上启下，引出下文的建议。所以E项“Here are a
few tips for you to follow. (以下是一些建议供您遵循。)”承上启下，符合语境，故选E项。
17．C【解析】根据本段主旨句“Time management. (时间管理。)”可知，本段主要介绍时间管理的重要性。
根据上文“Prioritizing time, resources, and staff based on the tasks at hand will also ensure that important tasks
will get done. (根据手头的任务确定时间、资源和员工的优先级也将确保完成重要任务)”可知，要根据手头
的任务优先确定时间、资源和员工。C项“Remember, time is money! (记住，时间就是金钱！)”补充说明时
间的重要性，符合语境。故选C。
18．D【解析】根据本段主旨句“The right work, by the right person. (合适的工作，适合的人。)”可知，本段
主要介绍合适的工作要适合的人来完成。根据上文“Do not hesitate to delegate(授权委派)when the situation
calls for it. (当情况需要时，不要犹豫，授权。)”以及下文“Each member of the team should work to
understand exactly where their strengths are and work together to ensure that every task gets completed by the
person with the best expertise. (团队的每个成员都应该努力准确地了解自己的优势所在，并共同努力确保每
项任务都由具有最佳专业知识的人完成。)”可知，当情况需要时，要毫不犹豫地授权，而且团队的每个成
员都应该努力准确地了解自己的优势所在。D项“Have confidence in your abilities. (对自己的能力有信
心。)”切题，故选D。
19．B【解析】空格处是本段主旨句。根据下文“The start-up community is a close web group. Seek out
fellow entrepreneurs and talk to them about the challenges and thrills you are facing on your entrepreneurial
journey.创业社区是一个紧密的网络群体。寻找创业伙伴，与他们谈谈你在创业旅程中面临的挑战和刺激。)”可知，本段主要介绍创业社区是一个紧密的网络群体。寻找创业伙伴，并与他们分享。B项“Meet,
network, share. 见面、交流、分享。)”最能概括本段主旨，故选B。
20．F【解析】根据上文“Networking events and social media are a great platform to meet entrepreneurs and
learn about their experiences. (网络活动和社交媒体是与企业家见面并了解他们经验的绝佳平台)”可知，上文
介绍网络活动和社交媒体的好处。F项“They also provide an opportunity to form valuable partnerships. (它们
还提供了建立宝贵伙伴关系的机会。)”进一步补充网络活动和社交媒体的作用。符合语境，故选F。
五、
（2023·湖北·校联考三模）The Adoption Option
Adopting a pet is rapidly becoming the preferred option for many people who want to add an animal
companion. ____21____
An affordable choice. It’s true that many people are happy to part with thousands of dollars for purebred and
“designer” crossbred dogs and cats, but rescue pets have a lot going for them and can be more affordable to
purchase.
Homeless animals can make wonderful pets. People often assume that dogs and cats end up in shelters because
they’re unwanted or badly behaved. There are many reasons owners may need to rehome their pet — divorce, lack
of suitable accommodation, or the time and money needed to care for a dog. ____22____
Adult animals have benefits. Generally, if you decide to buy a pet from breeders, only very young animals are
available. ____23____ And there are many benefits from adopting a more mature dog or cat. They will already be
desexed, microchipped and vaccinated, so you will have fewer start-up costs. Most importantly what you see is
what you get-a young animal’s behavior may still be developing, whereas an older animal’s personality and
behavior should be evident, so no surprises.
____24____ You should only adopt a dog or cat from a reputable shelter or rescue group. A behavioral trainer
will assess the temperament (脾气) of every dog and cat before they’re put up for adoption. The staff should ask
you lots of questions about your lifestyle so they can advise which dogs and cats will best suit your family.
Ongoing behavior and training advice should be available, and you should be able to return the pet if things don’t
work out.
To keep in mind. ____25____ For example, you need to think carefully about how you will care for it —
there’s a lot of responsibility associated with managing rescue animals appropriately. The costs, the necessary space
and the age of people in your home are also important factors you should consider.
A．Choose an appropriate animal from a reliable source.B．But shelters have a wide range of pets for you to choose from.
C．It’s important for you to only select a pet that will suit your lifestyle.
D．Similar to many things, the price of owning a pet has been increasing.
E．You should take into account the amount of exercise your pet will need.
F．Thus, some dogs and cats become lost, are not identified and are never claimed.
G．There are lots of online searches for possible pet adopters to choose an ideal pet.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了收养宠物需要注意的问题。
21．G【解析】上文“Adopting a pet is rapidly becoming the preferred option for many people who want to add
an animal companion.(收养宠物正迅速成为许多想要增加动物伴侣的人的首选)”说明许多人选择收养宠物，
以及下文“An affordable choice.(一个经济实惠的选择)”、“Homeless animals can make wonderful pets.(无家
可归的动物可以成为极好的宠物)”、“Adult animals have benefits.(成年动物有好处)”说明收养宠物时需要注
意的问题，G项“有很多网上搜索，可以寻找可能的宠物收养者来选择一只理想的宠物。”承上启下，符
合题意。故选G。
22．F【解析】上文“There are many reasons owners may need to rehome their pet — divorce, lack of suitable
accommodation, or the time and money needed to care for a dog.(主人们有很多理由为他们的宠物找一个新家—
离婚、没有合适的住宿或没有照顾小狗的时间和金钱)”说明动物变得无家可归的原因，F项“因此，一些
狗和猫迷路了，无法辨认，也从未认领。”说明由于迷路、无法辨认或无人认领等原因，动物也可能会变
得无家可归，承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
23．B【解析】上文“Generally, if you decide to buy a pet from breeders, only very young animals are available.
(一般来说，如果你决定从饲养员那里购买宠物，你可能只买得到幼小的动物)”以及下文“And there are
many benefits from adopting a more mature dog or cat.(收养一只更成熟的狗或猫有很多好处)”说明成年动物有
好处，但是在饲养员处只能买到幼小的动物，空处应说明可以收养成年动物的地方，B项“但是收容所有
很多宠物供你选择。”承上启下，符合题意。故选B。
24．A【解析】下文“You should only adopt a dog or cat from a reputable shelter or rescue group.(你只应该从
有信誉的收容所或救援团体收养一只狗或猫)”说明要从可靠的来源处选择收养宠物，A项“从可靠的来源
中选择合适的动物。”引出下文，符合题意。故选A。
25．C【解析】下文“For example, you need to think carefully about how you will care for it — there’s a lot of
responsibility associated with managing rescue animals appropriately. The costs, the necessary space and the age of
people in your home are also important factors you should consider.(例如，你需要仔细考虑你将如何照顾它
——妥善管理救援动物有很多责任。成本、必要的空间和家中人的年龄也是你应该考虑的重要因素)”说明收养动物需要考虑很多因素，需要选择适合自己生活方式的宠物，C项“只选择适合你生活方式的宠物是
很重要的。”引出下文，符合题意。故选C。
一、
（2022·全国·统考高考真题）Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process
can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques.
___1___ When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write
nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. ___2___ Don’t
worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won’t work for everyone, it helps many people get a
good store of ideas to draw on.
The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. ___3___ Yet, by
learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄
皱) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete
highway.
The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision.
___4___ As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块) of their draft and writing
revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can
enter your changes into your word processor. ___5___ The resulting blank space invites you to revise.
A．Make sure your handwriting is neat.
B．Let your pen follow the waves of thought.
C．The second draft of the essay should be better.
D．First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.
E．Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
F．Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.
G．Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是写文章的技巧。
1．D【解析】空格处是本段的主题句，由空后的“When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put
your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper.(当你
第一次想写一篇文章的时候，把笔放在纸上，不间断地写10到15分钟，不要让笔离开纸。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要学会不间断地写，D选项“First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.(首先，学习不间断
写作的技巧。)”概括了本段的主要内容，可作为主题句，故选D。
2．B【解析】空前说“Stay loose and free.(保持宽松和自由。)”，空后说“Don’t worry about grammar or
spelling.(不要担心语法和拼写。)”，因此空格处应说按心里想的写，自由发挥，B选项“Let your pen follow
the waves of thought.(让你的笔跟随思想的波浪。)”说明了按自己的思路和想法来写，因此承上启下，符合
语境，故选B。
3．E【解析】空前说“The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect.(下
一个技巧是快速写草稿，不要担心是否完美。)”，空后说“Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will
save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper.(然而，通过学习与不完美共存，
你将避免自己的头痛和一个装满皱巴巴的废纸篓。)”，E选项“Too many writers try to get their drafts right
the first time.(太多的作家试图在第一次就把草稿写好。)”中的“get their drafts”和上文的“write your draft”
相呼应，说明了有很多人想一次就写好，这是不合理的，要学会允许不完美的存在，因此E选项承上启下，
符合语境，故选E。
4．F【解析】空前说“The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space
for revision.(第三种方法是打印出三倍行距的副本，以便有修改的空间。)”，F选项“Many beginning writers
don’t leave enough space to revise.(许多初来乍到的作者没有留出足够的修改空间。)”中的“revise”和前面的
“revision”一致，指出了新手作者的常见做法，且其中的“Many beginning writers”和后文的“these writers”
相互呼应，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
5．G【解析】空前说“After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can
enter your changes into your word processor.(当你修改你的草稿，直到它太乱以至于无法继续工作，你可以把
你的修改输入到你的文字处理器中。)”，空后说“The resulting blank space invites you to revise.(由此产生的
空白允许您修改。)”，因此空格处应说输入到文字处理器后应该做什么，G选项“Then you can print out a
fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.(然后你可以打印一份新的草稿，同样将文本设置为三倍行
距。)”说的是输入到你的文字处理器后的做法，其中的“triple-space”和后文的“The resulting blank space”
相呼应，因此G选项承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
二、
（2022·全国·高考真题）Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your
Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, ”
while another read: “___6___” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle
(微妙) competition.So, how do you find a workout partner?
First of all, decide what you want from that person. ___7___ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to
move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a
useful response. ___8___ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training
she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It
also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ___9___
You and your partner will probably have different skills. ___10___ Over time, both of you will benefit—your
partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your
relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
A．Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B．A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C．You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D．Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport?
E．How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice?
F．Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G．Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何找到一个一起锻炼的伙伴。
6．C【解析】根据前文“Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout
Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,”(《健身杂
志》最近刊登了一篇题为《感谢健身伙伴的五个理由》的文章。一个理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房
等你，你就会去锻炼。”)”以及后文“With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a
subtle (微妙) competition. (有一个锻炼伙伴，你将会努力训练，因为你们之间有一个微妙的竞争)”可知，空
处陈述另一个和别人一起锻炼的理由，故选项应与后文是顺承关系，选项C中的“train with someone else”
与后文的“With a workout partner”相对应，选项C“You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.(如果你
和别人一起训练，你会更努力)”符合语意。故选C。
7．D【解析】根据前文“First of all, decide what you want from that person. (首先，决定你想从那个人身上得
到什么)”和后文“Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility?(或者你只是
想要身体健康，能够移动的力量和灵活性?)”可知，这里是一个问句，反问自己结伴锻炼的目的，故空处与后文是选择关系，你要知道你锻炼是为了什么。所以选项D“Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite
sport? (你想在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为更好的运动员吗?)”与后文在语意上构成选择关系。故选D。
8．B【解析】根据前文“You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably
won't result in a useful response. (你可能会考虑在社交媒体上发布你想要的东西，但可能不会得到有用的回
应)”和后文“If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.(如果你打算在健身
房锻炼，那个人一定是同一个健身房的)”可知，寻找的锻炼伙伴要具有便利性的特点。选项B中的“live
close by”与后文的“belong to the same gym”相对应，选项B“A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
(锻炼伙伴通常需要住在附近)”与下文是顺承关系。故选B。
9．G【解析】根据前文“My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included
what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each
session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. (我的搭档把
她的要求贴在了当地公园的布告栏上。她的注意事项包括她想要做什么样的锻炼，每周多少天，每次培训
要花多少小时，以及她的年龄。它还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并提供了她的电话号码)”可知，本段
作者以自己的锻炼伙伴为例，说明寻找锻炼伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以选项G“Any notice for a training
partner should include such information. (任何锻炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信息)”是对上文内容的总结，符
合语意。故选G。
10．F【解析】根据前文“You and your partner will probably have different skills. (你和你的伴侣可能有不同
的技能)”和后文“Over time, both of you will benefit—your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will
become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
(久而久之，你们双方都会受益—你的伴侣会举起更多的重量，你也会变得更健康。你们关系的核心是你们
永远在一起互相帮助)”可知，要学会求同存异，一起合作，共同提高。选项F中的“differences”对应前文
的“different skills”，选项中的“work with each other”对应后文的“be there to help each other”，故选项
F“Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. (接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作)”起到承上启
下的作用，符合语意。故选F。
三、
（2022·全国·高考真题）Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. ___11___. Knowing
some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the
world.
Chopstick RulesThe way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down
between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you.
___12___.
Hands or Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you
to eat with a utensil in each hand. ___13___, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch
any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
Making Requests
___14___. In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their
seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various
countries. ___15___, the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A．The more friends you make in your lifetime
B．The more time you spend in any given country
C．Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D．Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E．It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F．Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G．It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些外出就餐时要知道的一些重要事项。
11．D【解析】根据后文“Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or
family — no matter where you are in the world.(知道一些技巧将有助于确保你和朋友或家人一起享受一顿愉
快的晚餐——无论你在世界的哪个地方。)”可知，此处是指要学习一些用餐礼节以避免在用餐时犯错误，
所以选项D“不要在餐馆犯尴尬的错误”切合文意。故选D。
12．F【解析】根据前文“When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are
parallel with the edge of the table in front of you.(当你在吃的间隙把它们放下来的时候，一定要把它们放在一
起，这样它们就和你面前的桌子边缘平行了。)”可知，此处是讲筷子的摆放方式，所以选项F“不要把它们
直立在食物中，也不要在使用时交叉放置”切合文意，选项中的them指的就是本段中的chopsticks。故选
F。
13．C【解析】根据前文“In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand.People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand.(在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常不礼貌
的。法国人希望你每只手拿一个餐具吃饭。)”可知，此处举例说明几个地方的用餐方式，且根据后文
“instead preferring to use their hands(相反更喜欢用手)”可知，此处是指不喜欢用餐具用餐，所以选项C“墨
西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的”切合文意。故选C。
14．G【解析】根据小标题“Making Requests”(提出要求)可知，此处是讲在用餐时提出要求，根据后文
“In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills.
(在葡萄牙，这将是一个严重的错误，因为这表明你不喜欢厨师的调味技巧。)”可知，后文中的this是指要
求额外的调料，所以选项G“吃饭时要盐和胡椒似乎是一个简单的请求”切合文意。故选G。
15．B【解析】根据后文“the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices(你就会对
它的外国文化习俗感到越舒服)”可知，此处句式为“the more...,the more...”，且its是指“国家的”，所以此
处是指在一个国家待的时间越久，选项B“你在某个国家待的时间越久”切合文意。故选B。
四、
（2022·全国·高考真题）Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to
sustain (保持) long-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with one
another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. ___16___.
·More isn’t always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted
and what method works best for you both. ___17___. There are alternatives to constant written communication,
such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
·Practise empathy (共情)
___18___. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the
friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel
abandoned.
· ___19___
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might
make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that
keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
·Don’t rely on technology alone___20___, but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain.
Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever
possible.
A．Remember important dates
B．Compensate by writing letters
C．It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D．Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E．Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F．It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G．You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了五种维系异地友谊的方法。
16．D【解析】根据上文“With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge.”（平日繁忙，很
难抽出时间打电话）讲的是双方都很忙碌，很难有时间给对方打电话，D项“尽量找个双方都有空的时间
去打电话，并坚持下去” 给出了解决没时间打电话这个问题的方法，符合题意。故选D。
17．E【解析】根据上文“Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you
wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both.”（确保你已经和你的朋友沟通过，了解你们想
要联系的频率，以及哪种方法对你们双方都最有效）提到异地朋友之间要商量沟通方式，E项“朋友需要
谈论他们喜欢的交流方式”承接上文，进一步提出对交流的方法的沟通，下文“There are alternatives to
constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.”（除了持续的文字交流，
还有其他选择，比如留下语音信息或进行群聊）对E项中的“methods of communication”进行了举例说明，
上下文语意连贯。故选E。
18．G【解析】根据下文“The friend who is remaining”（留下来的朋友）和“The one in the new
environment”（在新环境中的那个）提到朋友的两个不同处境，G项“你可能是朋友中离开的那一方，也可
能是被留下的那一方”指出了异地友谊中分为离开的一方和留下的一方，其中“the friend who left”和“the
one who was left behind”分别对应下文“The one in the new environment”和“The friend who is remaining”，
所以G项符合题意。故选G。
19．A【解析】分析文章结构可知，设空处的内容是维系异地友谊的第四个方法，是第五段的小标题。下
文“Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships.”（周年纪念日和生日对于
异地友谊而言是非常重要的）讲的是诸如周年纪念日和生日等重要的日子对于维系异地友谊是非常重要的，
由此推知，这段对应的维系异地友谊的方法是A项“Remember important dates”（记得重要的日子），所以A项符合题意。故选A。
20．F【解析】设空处所在句子的后半句“but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require
more conscious effort to sustain.”（但是异地友谊——甚至是关系亲密的友谊——可能需要更加自觉地去维
系）讲的是我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊，其中“but”说明后半句与设空处形成转折，而F项“朋友之
间很容易通过社交媒体产生一种联结感”讲的是可以通过社交媒体这种方式很容易与朋友产生联结，与后
半句“require more conscious effort to sustain”形成转折，而且其中的“social media”呼应了该段的小标题
“Don’t rely on technology alone”（不要仅仅依赖技术）中的“technology”。故选F。
五、
（2022·浙江·统考高考真题）I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but I have made specific choice
that allow me to make the most of every day and still feel happy and relaxed. ____21____
Pick the most important.
____22____ Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive. I chose the life of an adviser because
I like to work with companies, but don't want the life of a big company CEO. My choices are based on the lifestyle
I want.
Combine your activities.
Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc.
____23____ Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner. Build your social life around people your work
environment. Find people in your company who share common interests and develop your career (职业) around the
people and activities you love.
____24____
You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing things
that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important. Always be looking for a new way to
gain back an hour here or there.
Lighten up.
The world won't come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone. Celebrate progress
and keep refining (改进) toward a happy productive existence. ____25____ Every completion is a small victory
that adds up in a big way.
A．Speed up.
B．Be an active learner.
C．Stop trying to balance time between them all.D．Make choices about what is meaningful in your life.
E．The things you do well usually give you greater joy.
F．Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time.
G．This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook.
【语篇解读】本文是说明文。作者给出了既可以充分利用时间又可以快乐放松的有效建议。
21．F【解析】上文“I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but 1 have made specific choice that allow me
to make the most of every day and still feel happy and relaxed.( 我和你一样，每天都有24小时，但我做了具
体的选择，让我充分利用每一天，仍然感到快乐和放松)”说明作者做出选择，充分利用每一天，但仍旧感
到快乐和轻松，根据下文段落小标题可知，下文就如何充分利用每一天给出了建议，因此空格处应是承上
启下，F项中的“help you make the most of your time”与上文“to make the most of every day”一致，“tips”引
出下文的建议，因此F项“也许这些建议会帮助你充分利用你的时间”符合语境，承上启下。故选F。
22．D【解析】根据段落标题“Pick the most important.”可知，本段建议挑选最重要的，下文“Focus on
spending time that for you is fun and productive.( 把时间花在那些对你来说有趣和富有成效的事情上)”说明要
挑选一些有趣的和富有成效的事情去做，D项中的“what is meaningful in your life”与标题中的“the most
important”一致，下文是对“Make choices”具体解释。因此推断D项“选择你生活中有意义的东西”符合
语境。故选D。
23．C【解析】上文“Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work,
play, etc.( 许多人疯狂地试图弄清楚如何在朋友，家庭，工作，娱乐等方面度过时间)”说明许多人想要弄清
楚在生活中如何分配好时间，下文“Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner.( 找到一种结合的方式来
享受它们)”说明可以把事情组合在一起享受，因此推断空格处与上文是转折关系，说明不要试图均衡时间，
C项“不要试图在它们之间平衡时间”符合语境。故选C。
24．B【解析】空格处为段落小标题。根据下文“You would think learning takes more time from you, but
actually there are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the
most important. Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there. Always be looking for a new
way to gain back an hour here or there. (你可能会认为学习需要花费了你更多的时间，但实际上总有一些新的
方法可以为你节省出做日常事务的时间，为你腾出时间去做最重要的事情。寻找在这里或者那里赢回一个
小时的新方法)”可推断，本段讲述学习虽然花费很多时间，但总是能有一些方法为你节省时间做其他事情，
因此要做有效的学习者。因此推断B项“做有效的学习者”为段落标题，故选B。
25．G【解析】下文“Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way.( 每一次的完成都是一个小
的胜利，累积起来就是一个大的胜利)”说明事情要一件一件去做，G项中的“making lists”与之呼应，因此推断G项“这就是为什么列清单在任何生产手册中都很重要的原因”符合语境，this指代上文“The world
won't come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone. Celebrate progress and keep refining
(改进) toward a happy productive existence.( 在大多数情况下，世界不会因为你没做完几件事而走向末日。
庆祝进步，不断改进走向一个快乐而富有成效的存在)”解释了列出清单一件一件完成任务的原因。故选
G。
