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第 3 讲 根据逻辑关系，化解阅读七选五
每篇文章都是一个有机统一的整体，各部分之间存在着一定的内在联系。从逻辑意义上
来看，句子之间常常有并列、递进、顺承、转折、总分、解释、因果、过渡、例证等关系，
有时甚至包含不止一种关系。因此，理解阅读七选五的阅读材料时一定要把握文章脉络，弄
清其中的逻辑关系。如果文章或选项中出现了逻辑关系词，考生就可以利用其来进行推理判
断；如果文中或选项中未出现逻辑关系词，这就需要考生全面理解文章大意，根据上下文语
境弄清文章内在的逻辑关系，并做出正确的判断。
A．(2020·浙江7月·片段)
My mother also encouraged me to make what I wanted.I tried making toy cars with cardboard
boxes and constructing buildings from leftover cardboard and bits of wood my father gave
me.When my mother saw my creations，she told me how creative my designs were. 34 I
learned a lot about how to extend the life of objects and transform them into something new and
useful.It was a trait(特点) others found helpful，and I soon had friends who wanted to make things
with me.
A．I wasn’t alone any longer.
B．I enjoyed reading stories aloud.
C．I was invited to play with another kid.
D．I loved the colorful photographs in the books.
E．Another habit I formed early was being outdoors.
F．Thus，I began my lifelong interest in making things.
G．My older brother couldn’t be bothered to play with me.
B．(2019·全国Ⅱ·片段)
Your personal circumstances are equally important.For example，you may want to be a pilotbut can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough. 40 You should reassess your
goals，and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.
A．This can affect your work.
B．So how should you motivate yourself?
C．However，this should not discourage you.
D．So why should we try to set specific goals?
E．They can change according to circumstances.
F．Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.
G．Without motivation，you can neither set a goal nor reach it.
A
When Ken was in high school，he did well and had a strong sense of accomplishment.
However，when he was in college，his grades were not so outstanding among academically gifted
students much like himself，if not better.Often he feels depressed and is withdrawing from people
and activities. 1
The literature generally has found that many of us tend to let our self-worth be contingent
upon external events(such as academics and physical attractiveness)． 2 As a result，our
feelings about ourselves can end up being in the hands of others.
Obviously，we all want to experience things that make us feel good.But when we have
contingent self-worth，we might engage in activities that make us feel worthy while avoiding
activities that make us feel unworthy. 3 Instead of working hard to meet our goals，we’ll try
to avoid failure.And if we do fail one day，we might abandon our goals，lose motivation，or
make excuses to help ourselves feel better.
4 If our self-worth is contingent upon being successful at work，we might only choose
jobs that are easy.That way we never fail and ensure that we always know that we are worthy.Or，
maybe we only think we’re worthy if we weigh less than 130 pounds.We might undereat or
engage in unhealthy eating practices just to make sure that we feel good.
Self-worth is an important psychological construct that not only affects how we think about
ourselves but also has an impact on our psychological health and functioning.So，give up the idea
of seeking approval from others. 5 Doing so reminds us to be fully aware of who we are.
A．That may pose potential dangers.
B．Unfortunately，he is no exception.
C．When our self-worth depends on those，it’s unstable.
D．Let’s cite some examples to further demonstrate that.
E．Let’s dive into the cause to learn more about self-worth.
F．Actually，he’s always been labeled as “other people’s child”．G．Instead，learn to base your self-worth on internal contingencies like virtues and faiths.
B
What’s Really Green?
Most of us are aware that we must take care of the environment，and the majority of us take
steps to save energy and reduce waste and pollution.But recently，some “green truths” have
been shown to be only half true，or even completely false. 1
Paper shopping bags are better than plastic ones.
Plastic bags cause litter and are a danger to wild animals，which mistake them for food.It
takes hundreds of years for plastic to break down，but much less time for paper.Because of this，
people think paper bags are the better environmental choice.
However，making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up
to three times the amount of water. 2 In fact ， both kinds of bags are bad for the
environment.So，take a reusable bag with you when you go shopping.
3
It seems like common sense：eating local food should be better for the environment，because
it does not need to be transported long distances and kept cold during transport. 4 It is the
production of food，not its transport，that uses most of the energy and produces most of the
greenhouse gases.In some cases，local produce might have used more energy and produced more
greenhouse gases than produce grown a long way away—even taking into account its transport.
It’s better to take a shower than a bath.
5 If you spend more than eight minutes in a shower，you’ll use as much water as in a
bath—about 50 litres of water.Therefore，the key is to keep your shower time as short as possible.
Environmental awareness is now part of daily life.But it’s worth checking common ideas and
opinions to see what’s really green.
A．So say no to plastic bags.
B．Here are some common ones.
C．Unfortunately，it is not that simple.
D．Eating local food is good for the environment.
E．The process also produces more greenhouse gases.
F．It’s time that we took measures to protect our environment.
G．It depends on how long you spend in the shower and how large your bath is.
