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第 12 讲 动名词和现在分词
目录
01 模拟基础练
【题型一】-ing分词作主语和表语
【题型二】-ing分词作宾语
【题型三】-ing分词作定语
【题型四】-ing分词作补语
【题型五】-ing分词作状语
02 重难创新练
03 真题实战练
用所给词的适当形式填空
题型一 -ing形式作主语和表语的考查
1.(2024·福建福州·模拟预测)Evolving from the discovery that (use) stone needles to prick specific
points on the surface of the body could relieve pain and symptoms,for thousands of years acupuncture has
become an essential part of traditional Chinese medicine, in line with the philosophy that promotes the harmonious
coexistence of humans with nature.
【答案】using
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:从发现用石针在身体表面刺入特定的穴位可以缓解疼痛和症状开始,数
千年来,针灸已经成为中国传统医学的重要组成部分,符合促进人与自然和谐共处的哲学。句子中使用了
固定短语use… to do sth.,表示“使用……来做某事”,而从句中已经有了谓语动词could relieve,所以此
处需要使用非谓语动词形式,用动名词using,作主语。
2.(2024·重庆·模拟预测)“Donation of these items is more than an exchange of cultural heritage across the
Strait. Cultural communication has always played a crucial role in ____ (strengthen)our links.”
【答案】strengthening
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:文化交流一直在加强我们之间的联系中发挥着至关重要的作用。此处为固定短语played a role in doing“在……发挥作用”,应用动名词,作宾语。故填strengthening。
3.(2024·江苏盐城·模拟预测)These exceptional 3D paper sculptures are vivid and (fascinate),
showcasing Chinese craftsmanship, creativity and innovation.
【答案】fascinating
【解析】考查分词形容词。句意:这些独特的3D纸雕塑生动迷人,展示了中国的工艺、创造力和创新精
神。作表语,主语为sculptures,应用形容词fascinating。故填fascinating。
4.(2024高三·广东珠海·高三模拟)After opening as a commercial port, Shanghai is proud of (have) the
first mechanized(机械化的) production line for chopsticks, which are not only supplied to Zhongnanhai and
Diaoyutai State Guesthouse but also presented to foreign friends as gifts.
【答案】having
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:作为商埠开放后,上海自豪地拥有第一条机械化筷子生产线,这些筷子
不仅供应给中南海和钓鱼台国宾馆,而且还作为礼品赠送给外国朋友。非谓语动词担当介词后的宾语,主
动关系,用动名词形式。故填having。
题型二 -ing形式作宾语的考查
1.(2024·吉林长春·模拟预测)Despite the past glories, Dehua craftsmen never stop (improve) their
skills.
【答案】improving
【解析】考查动名词。句意:尽管过去的辉煌,德化工匠从未停止提高他们的技能。分析句子可知,此处
为动词短语stop doing sth“停止做某事”,所以此处为动名词形式。故填improving。
2. (2024高三·全国·专题练习)I was incredibly fortunate to journey through the cities of Suzhou and Nanjing,
both of which left me fascinated with their true impressiveness and eagerly___ (long) to explore further.
【答案】longing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:我非常幸运地穿越了苏州和南京,这两个城市都让我着迷于它们真正令
人印象深刻的地方,并渴望进一步探索。动词left后接复合宾语,动词long和宾语me之间是主动关系,
应用其现在分词作宾语补足语。故填longing。
3.(2024高三·湖北·阶段练习) The crew will test equipment, carry out experiments and prepare the station
for____ (receive) another two units next year.
【答案】receiving
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:该乘组将测试设备,进行实验,并为明年对接另外两个实验舱做准备。
分析句子结构可知,设空处作介词for的宾语,用所给动词receive的动名词receiving。故填receiving。
题型三 -ing形式作定语的考查
1.(2024·四川成都·模拟预测)Among the numerous bronze statues there, this giant standing bronze figure,
_________(measure) 260.8 centimeters in height, is the “highest” ruler.
【答案】measuring【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:在那里众多的青铜雕像中,这个巨大的站立青铜雕像,高 260.8厘米,
是“最高”的统治者。该句谓语为is,此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰figure,measure ((指尺寸、长
短、数量等)量度为)是系动词,主动表被动,所以用现在分词形式。故填measuring。
2.(2024·内蒙古·三模)“Sponges become bigger and bigger over time; another fossil piece (date)
back to around 300 million years ago was also recently discovered in Ireland, for example.
【答案】dating
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:例如,另一块可追溯到约3亿年前的化石碎片最近在爱尔兰被发现。空
处应用非谓语动词作后置定语,被修饰词another fossil piece和动词date是主谓关系,故用现在分词形式。
故填dating。
3.(23-24高三·四川泸州·阶段练习)With its (fascinate) history, cultures and customs brought back
to the island by overseas Chinese, the atmosphere of Haikou is more than worth experiencing.
【答案】fascinating
【解析】句意:随着海外华人将其迷人的历史、文化和习俗带回岛上,海口的氛围非常值得体验。由空后
history为名词可知,此处为形容词fascinating“迷人的”作定语修饰该名词。故填fascinating。
4.(2024·辽宁大连·一模)While solving various criminal cases in different places where he serves during the
early stages of his career, Dee also uncovers the mystery ______ (surround) his own birth.
【答案】surrounding
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子可知,“(surround) his own birth”作定语,修饰mystery,
mystery与surround是主动关系,surround用现在分词形式作定语,故填surrounding。
5. (2024高三·全国·专题练习)But with cheaper, machine-produced trinkets (小首饰) (rule) the
market, they couldn’t rely on the old technique to survive.
【答案】ruling
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:但随着更便宜的、机器生产的小饰品统治市场,他们不能再依靠旧的技
术来生存。提示词rule(占首要地位)作with复合结构中宾语cheaper, machine-produced trinkets的补足语,是
非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语cheaper, machine-produced trinkets之间是主动关系,用现在分词表主动。故填
ruling。
6. (2023高三·全国·专题练习)Eventually sixty-seven panda-specific protected areas (represent) 70
percent of the species’ range were established.
【答案】representing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:最终建立了67个熊猫保护区,占该物种活动范围的70%。分析句子结构
可知represent与逻辑主语area构成主动关系,故用现在分词作定语,修饰areas。故填representing。
7. (2024高三·全国·专题练习)You might also find greens like lettuce(生菜) (decorate) the
sandwich。
【答案】decorating
【解析】10. 考查现在分词。句意:你也可能会找到一些象生菜之类的点缀三明治的绿色蔬菜。用现在分
词decorating作定语,修饰名词greens,与该词是主动关系。故填decorating。
8. (2024高三·全国·专题练习)They’re exceptional examples of a building tradition and function(represent) a particular type of group living and defensive organization in a harmonious relationship with their
environment.
【答案】representing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:它们是建筑传统和功能的特殊例子,代表了一种特定类型的群体生活和
防御组织,与他们的环境保持着和谐的关系。分析句子结构可知,此处使用非谓语动词,a building
tradition and function与represent“代表”之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,用现在分词表示主动,作后置定语。故
填representing。
9. (2024高三·北京·专题练习)She called for action to address the struggles of people around the world
(face) “too little water or too dirty water”.
【答案】facing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:她呼吁采取行动,解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗
争。分析句子结构可知face与逻辑主语people构成主动关系,故用现在分词作后置定语,故填facing。
10.(2024高三·全国·专题练习)Marine scientists also study how waves and currents affect organisms
(live)in the oceans.
【答案】living
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:海洋科学家还研究波浪和洋流如何影响生活在海洋中的生物。分析句子
结构可知,study后为宾语从句,该从句谓语是affect,故空格处在从句中为非谓语动词,作后置定语,修
饰名词organisms(生物),organisms与live(生活)是主动关系,故为现在分词living。故答案为living。
题型四 -ing形式作补语的考查
1.(2024·四川成都·模拟预测)No matter where I get them, one is rarely enough, but two or three might be too
much, so I am always left (look) forward to my next spring roll experience.
【答案】looking
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:无论我在哪里买到它们,一个往往是不够的,但两个或三个可能太多,
所以我总是期待着下一次吃春卷的经历。本句谓语为 am left,此处为非谓语动词,leave sb. doing sth“让某
人做某事”,本空用look的现在分词,作主语I的补足语。故填looking。
2.(2024高三·全国·专题练习)Horses, dragons, the Monkey King from Chinese legend, skeletons—you
probably wouldn’t expect to see this collection of animals and pop cultural icons (fly) together in the sky,
but this spectacle happens every year in Weifang, the “World Kite Capital” in Shandong Province.
【答案】flying
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:马、龙、中国传说中的孙悟空、骷髅——你可能没想到会看到这些动物
和流行文化偶像一起在天空中飞翔,但这种奇观每年都会在山东省的“世界风筝之都”潍坊发生。空处应
用非谓语动词作宾补,fly和逻辑主语his collection of animals and pop cultural icons之间为主动关系,且表
示动作正在进行,故应用现在分词作宾补。故填flying。
3. (2024高三·全国·专题练习)Rescuers found the scared child (stand) in some vines and bushes in
the jungle, so they immediately picked the child up and rushed back to the worried family.【答案】standing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:救援人员在丛林的一些藤蔓和灌木丛中发现了这个吓坏了的孩子,所以
他们立即把孩子抱起来,冲回了这个担心的家庭。空处作宾补,stand和逻辑主语child之间为主动关系,
应用现在分词。故填standing。
4. (23-24高三·河北石家庄·开学考试)I saw your brother (dig) a hole in the garden when I
passed by just now.
【答案】digging
【解析】考查现在分词。句意:我刚才经过的时候看见你哥哥在花园里挖洞。根据“when I passed by just
now”可知,此处是指看见你哥哥在花园里挖洞,see sb doing意为“看见某人正在做某事”,所以此处应用
现在分词作宾语补足语。动词dig意为“挖”。故填digging。
5. (2024高三·河北石家庄·模拟)With my car (repair)now, I have to go to work by bus or by bike
this week. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】being repaired
【解析】考查with复合结构。句意:由于我的汽车正在修理,这个星期我不得不乘公交或骑自行车去上
班。根据句意可知,此处表示“汽车正在被修理”,因此用“with +宾语+ being done”的结构作原因状语,
现在分词的被动做宾补。故填being repaired。
6. (23-24高三·福建·期末)Once entering the room, people will see a rose-colored silk curtain
(hang) on the wall over the fireplace.
【答案】hanging
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:一旦进入房间,人们就会看到壁炉上方的墙上挂着玫瑰色的丝绸窗帘。
句中谓语是will see,空格处用非谓语动词,curtain和hang之间是主动关系,因此空格处用现在分词作宾
语补足语,故填hanging。
题型五 -ing形式作状语的考查
1. (23-24高三·福建·期末)Notably, the free-form roof imitates the free-flowing lines of nature, gracefully
(invite) the green landscape into the private space.
【答案】inviting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:值得注意的是,自由形式的屋顶模仿自然的自由流动的线条,优雅地将
绿色景观引入私人空间。分析句子可知,本句谓语为imitates,此处为非谓语动词,invite“邀请,请求,要
求,招致”与其逻辑主语the free-form roof之间是主动关系,用现在分词,作状语。故填inviting。
2. (2024·湖南·二模)The show’s emphasis on authenticity and competitivenessensures an experience that is
both immersive and engaging, (reshape) conventional perceptions of music competitions.
【答案】reshaping
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:同上。本句已有谓语ensures,此处作状语,和主语之间是主动关系,应
用现在分词。故填reshaping。
3.(2024·湖南衡阳·模拟预测)The gala was also aired in about 200 countries in 68 languages, ___
(receive) warm feedback.【答案】receiving
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:晚会以68种语言在大约200个国家播出,收到了热烈的反馈。空处作状
语,receive与逻辑主语the gala之间呈主动关系,用现在分词。
4. (2024·山西太原·一模)In Shiji, a 2, 000-year-old Chinese history book, the emperor’s mother dreamed of a
dragon lying on her body, ______ (predict) the birth of a future emperor.
【答案】predicting
【解析】考查非谓语动词现在分词 。分析句子可知,predict用非谓语动词形式作状语,此处表示一种自
然而然的结果,用现在分词作结果状语,故填predicting。
5.(2024·湖北武汉·三模) (weigh) 1268 kilograms, it rose more than a kilometre into the sky before
bursting, turning the night sky red.
【答案】Weighing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:它重达1268公斤,升到空中一公里多后爆炸,使夜空变成红色。本句的
谓语是rose,所以空处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语it和weigh之间是主谓关系,所以应用现在分词作状
语。
6. (2024·湖北黄冈·模拟预测)The colors are formed as the river erodes and dissolves the sandstone and
mudstone, (draw) abstract pictures on the land.
【答案】drawing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:这些颜色是河流侵蚀和溶解砂岩和泥岩时形成的,在陆地上画出抽象的
图画。draw的逻辑主语是colors,两者之间是主谓关系,应用现在分词作状语,故填drawing。
7.(2024·山东·一模)Many tourism officials are using techniques to promote cultural tourism, (leave)
netizens screaming in amusement. Shifting from online hype (炒作) to offline engagement, tourism authorities in
other provinces also compete for tourists.
【答案】leaving
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:许多旅游部门的官员都在使用各种手段来促进文化旅游,这让网民们在
娱乐中尖叫。本句已有谓语动词are using,所以leave用非谓语形式,和逻辑主语Many tourism officials之
间是主动关系,用现在分词形式。故填leaving。
8.(2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测)This allows for a full range of motion, (reflect) the traditional
need for both beauty and usefulness in Chinese clothing.
【答案】reflecting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:这允许全方位的运动,反映了中国服装对美观和实用的传统需求。此处
自然而然的结果,应用现在分词,作结果状语。故填reflecting。
9.(2024·江苏盐城·模拟预测)Painstakingly constructed, each artwork opens out like the bellows (风箱) of an
accordion(手风琴), (reveal) a beautiful honeycomb pattern hidden between each layer.
【答案】revealing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:每件艺术品都是精心打造的,像手风琴的风箱一样打开,每层之间隐藏
着一个美丽的蜂巢图案。分析句子结构可知reveal与上文构成主动关系,用现在分词作状语。故填
revealing。10.(2024·安徽合肥·模拟预测)Combining pieces of wood together, (use) nothing more than the wood
itself, is a basic skill of all carpenters (木匠) in ancient China.
【答案】using
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:在中国古代,只使用木材就可以将木块组合在一起,这是所有木匠的基
本技能。非谓语动词担当状语,表示主动关系,用现在分词形式。故填using。
题型 语法填空
Passage 1 (2024·河北·模拟预测)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Shenzhou XVII crew conducted their second spacewalk outside the Tiangong space station on Saturday,
1 (complete) the first repair operation by Chinese astronauts, according to the China Manned Space Agency.
The agency said that mission commander Tang Hongbo and crew member Jiang Xinlin 2 (return)
to the Wentian science module (舱) at 1:32 pm after floating for nearly eight hours outside the huge orbital station.
The 3 (three) crew member Tang Shengjie, stayed inside Tiangong to provide support.
“With the 4 (cooperate) and assistance from ground controllers and the space station’s robotic
arm, the team completed all their assigned tasks 5 (successful),” the agency said. It was the 15th
spacewalk 6 (carry) out by Chinese astronauts. During the spacewalk, Tang Hongbo and Jiang Xinlin
repaired damage to parts on the Tianhe core module’s solar wings that was caused by tiny space debris (碎片).
The Shenzhou XVII astronauts, 7 are the sixth crew to inhabit the Tiangong space station, arrived
at the enormous flying outpost on Oct. 26, 2023 to take over from their peers (同行) in the Shenzhou XVI mission.
On Dec. 21, the crew performed their first spacewalk 8 finished a host of tasks including carrying
out test repairs, too. They are scheduled 9 (wrap) up their spaceflight at the end of April and will hand
over the Tiangong space station 10 the Shenzhou XVIII crew before returning to Earth.
【答案】
1.completing 2.returned 3.third 4.cooperation 5.successfully 6.carried 7.who
8.and 9.to wrap 10.to
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道,文章主要报道了神舟十七号航天员完成太空修复任务。
1.考查非谓语动词。句意:据中国载人航天局称,2024年3月2日,神舟17号宇航员在天宫空间站外进
行了第二次太空行走,完成了中国宇航员的首次修复操作。句子谓语动词是conducted,空格处填入非谓语
动词,动词complete和逻辑主语The Shenzhou XVII crew之间是主谓关系,应用现在分词作状语,故填
completing。
2.考查一般过去时。句意:该机构表示,任务指挥官汤洪波和机组成员江新林在巨大的轨道站外漂浮了
近8个小时后,于下午1点32分返回了问天实验舱。结合句意及句中的said可知,句子是描述过去发生的事情,时态应用一般过去时,故填returned。
3.考查序数词。句意:第三名机组人员唐胜杰留在天宫号内部提供支持。结合句意可知,此处指“第三
个”,使用序数词,故填third。
4.考查名词。句意:“在地面控制人员和空间站机械臂的配合和协助下,该团队完成功成了所有分配的
任务,”该机构说。空处和名词assistance并列,应填名词形式,作介词With的宾语,cooperation“合
作”,不可数名词,故填cooperation。
5.考查副词。句意同上。空处修饰动词completed,应用副词形式,故填successfully。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意:这是中国宇航员进行的第15次太空行走。句子谓语动词是was,空格处填入
非谓语动词,结合“by Chinese astronauts”可知,动词短语carry out和spacewalk之间是被动关系,此处应
用过去分词作后置定语,故填carried。
7.考查定语从句。句意:10月26日,神舟17号的宇航员接替神舟16号的任务,他们是第6批居住在天
宫空间站的宇航员,抵达这个巨大的飞行前哨。分析句子可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是
The Shenzhou XVII astronauts,指人,关系词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词who引导,故填who。
8.考查连词。句意:12月21日,宇航员进行了首次太空行走,并完成了包括测试维修在内的一系列任
务。结合句意可知,“performed their first spacewalk”和“finished a host of tasks”是并列关系,用并列连词
and连接,故填and。
9.考查非谓语动词。句意:按计划,他们将在4月底结束太空飞行,并在返回地球之前将天宫空间站移交
给神舟18号机组人员。be scheduled to do sth“被安排做某事”,故填to wrap。
10.考查介词。句意同上。hand over…to…“把……移交给……”,固定搭配,故填to。
Passage 2 (2024·安徽·模拟预测)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mind reading is hard. But not impossible. Modern technology can reach inside someone’s head and pull out
their 11 (intend).
Decoding (破解) thought usually requires placing sensors directly on or in someone’s brain. Using brain
implants, researchers so far 12 (pick) up electrical signals in the brain linked to certain words or letters.
This has allowed brain implants to transform thoughts 13 text or speech on a computer. Brain implants have
even enabled scientists 14 (turn) the neural firings (神经网络滤镜) associated with a song in someone’s
head into real music.
In a recent study, scientists decoded full stories from people’s brains 15 (use) MRI scans. This did
not require any brain implants. But building the thought decoder 16 (definite) required many hours of brain
scans for each person. What’s more, the system only worked on the persons 17 were willing to have their
minds read.
Devices that might let someone secretly read your mind from across the room 18 (be) still a long,
long way off Still, it’s clear that mind-reading tech is getting more and more 19 (advance). As it does,
scientists are thinking hard about what it would mean to live in 20 world where not even the inside of
your head is completely private.【答案】
11.intention/intentions 12.have picked 13.into 14.to turn 15.using 16.definitely
17.who/that 18.are 19.advanced 20.a
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了读心术。读心术很难, 但并不是不可能。现代技术能深入人
的大脑破解他们的意图。但是, 这项技术还需很长的路要走。
11.考查名词。句意:现代科技可以进入一个人的大脑,提取他们的意图。此处作宾语,应用名词
intention“意图”,可数名词,既可以用单数也可用复数。 故填intention或intentions。
12.考查时态。句意:利用大脑植入物,研究人员到目前为止已经在大脑中捕捉到了与特定单词或字母相
关的电信号。根据句中的时间状语so far可知,应用现在完成时,主语researchers是复数,助动词使用
have。 故填have picked。
13.考查介词。句意:这使得大脑植入物能够在计算机上将思想转化为文本或语音。固定搭配transform…
into…“将……转换成……”。 故填into。
14.考查非谓语动词。句意:大脑植入物甚至使科学家们能够将人脑中与歌曲相关的神经活动转化为真正
的音乐。固定搭配enable sb to do sth“使某人能够做某事”,不定式作宾语补足语。故填to turn。
15.考查非谓语动词。句意:在最近的一项研究中,科学家们通过用核磁共振扫描解码了人们大脑中的完
整故事。空处为非谓语动词,scientists和use在逻辑上是主动关系,应用现在分词,作状语。故填using。
16.考查副词。句意:但构建思想解码器肯定需要对每个人进行数小时的脑部扫描。此处修饰谓语动词,
应用副词definitely“肯定地”,作状语。故填definitely。
17.考查定语从句。句意:更重要的是,这个系统只对那些愿意读心术的人起作用。此处是限定性定语从
句,先行词为persons,指人,关系代词在后面的从句中作主语,应用关系代词who或that引导。故填who
或that。
18.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:那些可以让别人从房间的另一头偷偷读取你想法的设备还有很长的路要
走。句子陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时,主语为devices,be动词使用are。 故填are。
19.考查形容词。句意:不过,很明显,读心术技术正变得越来越先进。此处作表语,应用形容词
advanced“先进的”。故填advanced。
20.考查冠词。句意:与此同时,科学家们正在努力思考,生活在一个连大脑内部都不完全隐私的世界里
意味着什么。此处泛指“一个世界”,且world首字母的发音为辅音音素,应用不定冠词a。故填a。
Passage 3 (23-24四川·仁寿一中·模拟预测)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Ganqiu Festival is one of the oldest traditional celebrations and social activities of the Miao ethnic group
in China. It falls on the first day of “Liqiu”, 21 indicates the end of summer. Miao people 22
(settle) down in Huayuan County, Fenghuang County, Jishou County, Luxi County and several other counties in
Hunan Province hold a series of grand 23 (ceremony) to celebrate the day. The festival is not only an
opportunity for Miao people to celebrate a good harvest, but 24 important social occasion for young Miao
men and women as well.
According to local tales, Miao people drove out demons (恶魔) from their lands and began planting rice tobuild up their homeland. And due to their hard work, they were blessed 25 a harvest every autumn. Since
then, the festival has remained a celebration of their victory, an expression of their 26 (appreciate) for the
harvest season, and a way to send blessings to others.
Having a long history, the Ganqiu Festival observes many customs 27 (pass) down from
generation to generation. 28 (traditional), during the day, Miao people wear colorful costumes and gather
for a feast featuring 29 (attract) shows and sports activities. The festival 30 (list) as national
intangible cultural heritage in 2014 and later as UNESCO intangible cultural heritage in 2016.
【答案】
21.which 22.settling 23.ceremonies 24.an 25.with 26.appreciation 27.passed
28.Traditionally 29.attractive 30.was listed
【导语】本文属于说明文。文章主要介绍了中国苗族的一个传统节日——赶秋节,包括它的起源、庆祝方
式、意义以及相关的传统习俗。
21.考查定语从句。句意:它发生在“立秋”的第一天,这标志着夏天的结束。空格处引导非限制性定语
从句,先行词为the first day of “Liqiu”,指物,关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词which引
导。故填which。
22.考查非谓语动词。句意:在湖南省的花园县、凤凰县、吉首县、鲁溪县和其他几个县,苗族人会举行
一系列盛大的仪式来庆祝这一天。settle down“定居”。本句谓语为hold,此处为非谓语动词,且Miao
people与settle为主动关系,应用现在分词,作定语,修饰Miao people。故填settling。
23.考查名词的数。句意:在湖南省的花园县、凤凰县、吉首县、鲁溪县和其他几个县,苗族人会举行一
系列盛大的仪式来庆祝这一天。ceremony“仪式,典礼”。根据a series of可知,空格处应用名词复数形
式,作hold的宾语。故填ceremonies。
24.考查冠词。句意:这个节日不仅是苗族人庆祝丰收的机会,也是苗族青年男女一个重要的社交场合。
此处泛指“一个重要的社交场合”,且important以元音音素开头,应用不定冠词an。故填an。
25.考查介词。句意:由于他们的辛勤工作,他们每年秋天都被赐予丰收。空格处应用介词with,构成固
定短语be blessed with“被赐予,享有”。故填with。
26.考查名词。句意:从那时起,这个节日一直是他们胜利的庆祝活动,是他们对丰收季节的感激之情的
表达,也是向他人致以祝福的一种方式。空格处应名词appreciation意为“感激”,作of的宾语。故填
appreciation。
27.考查非谓语动词。句意:赶秋节历史悠久,有许多代代相传的习俗。本句谓语为observes,此处为非
谓语动词,且customs与pass down“向下传递”为被动关系,应用过去分词,作定语。故填passed。
28.考查副词。句意:传统上,白天,苗族人穿着五颜六色的服装,聚集在一起享用各种吸引人的表演和
体育活动。空格处应用副词traditionally,表示“传统上”,修饰句子,作状语,位于句首,首字母大写。
故填Traditionally。
29.考查形容词。句意:传统上,白天,苗族人穿着五颜六色的服装,聚集在一起享用各种吸引人的表演
和体育活动。空格处应用形容词,修饰名词shows,表示“吸引人的”,用形容词attractive,作定语。故
填attractive。
30.考查动词语态、主谓一致。句意:该节日于2014年被列为国家级非物质文化遗产,后于2016年被列为联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产。主语The festival与list之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,且根据时
间状语in 2014可知,应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为第三人称单数,be动词用was。故填was
listed。
用所给词的适当形式填空
1.(2024新高考I卷)The latest ________(engineer) techniques are used to create a protective functional
structure that is also beautiful.
【答案】engineering
【解析】考查非谓语。engineer 作动词,意为“设计,建造”。engineering 表示“工程,设计”句
意:最新的工程技术被用来创造一个保护性的结构,这个结构也很漂亮。
2.(2023 年新高考 II 卷)They talk to the flood of international tourists and to __ ___ ___ (visit) Chinese
zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
【答案】visiting
【详解】考查分词形容词。句意:他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈,这些管理
员经常来检查从中国租借来的大熊猫。分析句子结构可知,空后是名词,所以空处应填形容词作定语;
visit对应的形容词为visiting“来访的”。故填visiting。
3.(2023全国乙卷) __ ___ ___ (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of
old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
【答案】Having visited。
【解析】句意:在过去的10年里,我多次访问北京,我惊讶于这里的新旧共存,惊讶于一个城市如何在不
断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为非谓语动词担当状语,和主句主语“I”之间为主动关系;
根据时间状语“over the last 10 years”可知,用完成时态,由此推断,空处用现在分词的完成时态。置于句
首,首字母大写。故填Having visited。
4. (2022新高考I卷) ___________ (cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the
GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
【答案】Covering
【解析】句意:该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍,将成为中国首批国家公园之一。设空处在句中
作非谓语,cover和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP为逻辑的主动关系,应用现在分词的形式作状语,首字母大
写。故填Covering。
5. (2022新高考II卷)When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran
one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___________ (fall) child.
【答案】falling。
【解析】句意:当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时,他跑了 100米,跳过了1.2米高的栅栏,伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hold out为谓语动词,设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句
意,fall为动词,意为“掉落”, child和fall之间是主动关系,同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现
在分词作定语。故填falling。
6. (2021 天津卷) China's National Highway 318, ________(extend) over 5,000 kilometers from Shanghai to
Zhangmu, Tibet, is known as the "heavenly road“ for its amazing views.
【答案】extending
【解析】句意:中国的国道318号,从上海到西藏樟木,延伸出5000多公里,因为它的令人赞叹的景观,
被熟知为“天堂之路”。分析句子成分可知,is known as是整个句子的谓语动词,所以空格处应填非谓语
动词,extend与主语China's National Highway 318之间的关系为主动,所以用extending。
7. (2020全国III卷)And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds __________ (surround)
the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.
【答案】surrounding。
【解析】句意:当他看到雾气从河上升起,山顶上乌云环绕,他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子结构可知,the
soft clouds___________ (surround) the mountain tops是独立主格结构做状语,surround在句中应用非谓语
动词形式,与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系,故应用现在分词。故填surrounding。
8. (2021·全国甲卷)After (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we
decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!
【答案】spending
【解析】考查非谓语动词。空前的After为介词,后应接动词-ing形式作宾语。