文档内容
考向 59 语法填空
解答非谓语动词类填空的 4 策略
策略一 非谓语动词作宾语——句型公式法
【考情再现】
1. (2020·全国卷Ⅱ)This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers carries special significance. They
represent ________ (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
答案与解析 coming 句中谓语动词为represent，设空处作represent的宾语。the earth是其逻辑主语，与
come back to之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用动词的ing形式作宾语。故填coming。
2. (2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Scientists have responded ________ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集)
around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are higher than they actually are.
答案与解析 noting 句意：科学家们已做出回应，指出饥饿的熊可能聚集在人类居住地附近，导致熊的数
量比实际数量要多的错觉。设空处作介词by的宾语，应用动词的ing形式作宾语，故填noting。by doing sth.“通
过做某事”。note在本句中意为“特别提到；指出”。
3. (2019·全国卷Ⅱ)A 90yearold has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” ________ (be) Britain's oldest fulltime
employee—still working 40 hours a week.
答案与解析 being 句意：一位90岁的老人被授予“年度女性”称号，因为她是英国年龄最大的全职员
工——目前仍然每周工作40个小时。分析句子成分可知，设空处作介词for的宾语，应用动词的ing形式作宾语，
故填being。
4. (2018·全国卷Ⅰ)You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk ________ (die) early by
running.
答案与解析 dying 句意：你可能饮酒、吸烟、超重，但你仍然可以通过跑步降低过早死亡的危险。介词
of之后需用动词的ing形式作宾语，故该空填dying。
5. (2018·全国卷Ⅲ) I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to ________ (look) directly into his eyes.
答案与解析 looking 句意：我迅速弯下身，低下头以避免直视他的眼睛。avoid后需接动词的ing形式作
宾语，且I与look是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填looking。avoid doing sth. “避免做某事”。
6. (2019·浙江高考)But some students didn't ________ (wear) the uniform.
答案与解析 to wear 句意：但是一些学生并不想穿校服。want to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“想要做某
事”，故填to wear。
7. (2018·浙江高考)I still ________ (visit) a friend who had lived here for five years and I was shocked when I
learnt she hadn't cooked once in all that time.
答案与解析 visiting 根据语境“我仍然记得拜访过一位在这里生活了五年的朋友”可知，此处表达“记
得做过某事”，用remember doing sth.结构，故填visiting。remember to do sth. “记得要去做某事”。
8.(2018·天津高考)I didn't ________ (eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that ________ (try) it.
答案与解析 to eat; trying 句意：我不打算吃任何东西，但冰激凌看起来如此的好以至于我忍不住要试一
试。固定短语mean to do “打算做”； can't help doing “忍不住做”。
解题技巧 本题需要区分 “mean to do打算做”与“mean doing意味着做”和“can't help (to) do 不能帮助
做”与“can't help doing忍不住做”之间的含义。
【技巧微点】
提示词是动词： ①若句中已有谓语，且设空处不是作并列谓语而是作介词或动词(短语)的宾语时，应用非
谓语动词doing/to do；②利用逻辑主语和非谓语动词的关系确定形式(主谓关系：doing/to do；动宾关系：beingdone/to be done)。
牢记非谓语动词作宾语的固定结构
①介词(如by, for, of, with, without, after等)之后加动名词作宾语，注意“to”的身份识别。
②若非谓语动词作如下动词(短语)的宾语，则应填不定式：agree, afford, choose, decide, expect, fail, hope,
manage, offer, pretend, plan, promise, refuse, want, wish, would like, determine等。
③若非谓语动词作如下动词(短语)的宾语，则应填动词的ing形式：avoid, admit, allow, advise, consider,
escape, enjoy, keep, finish, include, mind, miss, practice, recommend, suggest, feel like, get down to等。
④go on, mean, forget, regret, remember, stop, try等可接动词的ing形式或不定式作宾语，应结合语境和动词
(短语)用法确定填动词的形式或不定式作宾语。
⑤believe/consider/find/feel/make/think＋it＋ adj.＋to do sth., it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。
⑥sth. want/need/require/deserve/be worth＋doing/to be done 动名词作宾语，主动形式表被动。
策略二 非谓语动词作状语和补语——理清逻辑关系
【考情再现】
9. (2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang'e4 ________ (find) and study
areas of the South PoleAitken basin.
答案与解析 to find 句意：中国研究人员希望利用嫦娥四号上的仪器来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地区域。
根据句意可知，此处表目的，应用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。
10. (2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Orange trees are more than decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.They
make great gifts and you many times ________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
答案与解析 decorated 句中them指代前句中的orange trees，且decorate与them之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，
应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decorated。
11. (2020·全国卷Ⅲ)The next morning he hired a boat and ________ (find) the wellknown painter.
答案与解析 to find 表“出发去做某事”的短语为set out to do sth.，后跟不定式作目的状语。故填to
find。
12. (2020·全国卷Ⅲ)And when he the mists rising from the river and ________ (surround) the mountain tops, he
was reduced to tears.
答案与解析 surrounding 分析句子结构可知，the soft clouds是saw的宾语，“________ (surround) the
mountain tops”是非谓语动词结构作宾语补足语，clouds与surround是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词作宾补。
故填surrounding。
13. (2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-
1980s, and (perform) consistently over a large area.
答案与解析 to perform 句意：跟踪北极熊数量的现代方法只是从20世纪80年代中期以来才开始采用，
并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的。该处是“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”句式，其中不定式作结果状语，与
methods是逻辑上的动宾关系。故此处填to perform。
14. (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)On the last day of our weeklong stay, were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful
farm on the North Shore under the stars, ________ (listen) to musicians and interesting locals.
答案与解析 listening 分析句子结构可知，设空处前为完整的句子，故设空处应填非谓语动词。we与
listen 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系， 表主动和伴随，应用现在分词作状语。也可由 and前后连接两个并列的结构
这一规律解题，and后meeting interesting locals为现在分词形式，故填listening。
15. (2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Once his message was delivered, he ________ (stay) and watch.
答案与解析 to stay allow sb./sth. to do “允许某人/某物做”；宾语me与stay是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用
to stay作宾补。
16. (2020·天津高考5月卷) ________ (complete) in 1931, ， the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired theimagination of the world.
答案与解析 Completed 句意：1931年完工的帝国大厦是1954年之前最高的摩天大楼，它激发了全世界
的想象力。句中已有谓语动词inspired，故此处用非谓语动词。动词complete和the Empire State Building是逻辑
上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作状语，填Completed。
17. (2020·浙江高考 1 月卷)The median (中位数的) age of an American in 1950 was 30—today it is 41 and
________ (increase) to 42 by 2050.
答案与解析 to increase 此处是be expected to do sth. “被预计做某事”结构，故此处填不定式作主语补足
语，填to increase。
18. (2020·江苏高考)， ________ (combine) with good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.
答案与解析 combined 句意：技术创新与良好的营销相结合，将促进这些产品的销售。combine 与
Technological innovations是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作状语，填 combined。be combined with “与……
结合/联合”。
19. (2020·天津高考 5 月卷)The local government doesn't have to sacrifice environmental protection ________
(promote) economic growth.
答案与解析 to promote 分析句子成分和语境可知，句中已有谓语doesn't have to sacrifice，故空处需用非
谓语动词且表目的，应用不定式作状语。故填to promote。
【技巧微点】
1. 2个技巧确定非谓语动词作状语
(1)逻辑关系分析法
①主语与提示词是逻辑上的主谓关系：表目的 to do; 表出乎意料的结果only to do; 表时间/条件/原因/让
步/伴随/自然而然的结果：doing。
②主语与提示词是逻辑上的动宾关系：表动作还未发生to be done; 表动作已经发生 done。
(2)固定句型用法
①主语＋be＋形容词(easy, hard, interesting, pleasant, safe等)＋to do, 句子主语与不定式是逻辑上的被动关系。
②too＋adj./adv.＋ to do/adj./adv.＋enough ＋to do; so ＋adj./adv.＋as to do/such ＋名词＋as to do...，不定式
作结果状语。
③主语＋表情绪的形容词(excited, happy, anxious, satisfied, delighted, angry等)＋to do, 不定式作原因状语。
2. 2个技巧确定非谓语动词作补语
(1)逻辑关系分析法
①主语或宾语与提示词是逻辑上的主谓关系：doing/(to) do。
②主语或宾语与提示词是逻辑上的动宾关系：被动/完成 done; 被动将来to be done; 被动进行being done。
(2)固定搭配和句型法
①to do作宾补：allow, ask, beg, command, encourage, expect, forbid, invite, persuade, tell等＋sb. to do sth.。
②用省略 to 的不定式作宾补的动词：“五”看；“三”使；“两”听；“一”感觉。“ look
at/see/watch/notice/observe, make/let/have, hear/listen to, feel”＋sb.＋do sth.。注意：在被动语态中作主语补足语要
还原 t o ，如 b e_made_to_do。
③have sb./sth.doing “让某人/某物一直做”； have sb./sth.done “让某人/某物被做”。
策略三 非谓语动词作定语——关系分析法
【考情再现】
20. (2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no ________
(retire) from her 36yearold business.
答案与解析 to retire 分析句子结构可知，从句中已有谓语动词 had，设空处与had之间无连词连接，应
用非谓语动词形式。设空处作名词plans的后置定语，应用动词不定式，故填to retire。21. (2019·全国卷Ⅱ)When we got ________ (say) she was shortlisted, we thought it was a joke.
答案与解析 saying When we got a call ... 为时间状语从句，从句中的谓语got与设空处之间无连词连接，
故设空处应用非谓语形式，且call与say之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词作定语，故填saying。
22. (2020·浙江高考7月卷)Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology ________
(change) lives.
答案与解析 to change 分析句子，简单句中已有动词gave，设空处须填非谓语动词。设空在句中作定语
修饰名词power, 表“做……的力量”，应用不定式作定语。故填to change。
23. (2019·北京高考)， ________ (mark) on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about
environmental protection.
答案与解析 marked 本句谓语是is, 设空处作名词Earth Day的后置定语，mark与Earth Day 是逻辑上的
动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填marked。 mark 在本句中是熟词生义，意为“庆祝；纪念” 。
【技巧微点】
1. 逻辑关系解题法——doing/being done/to do/to be done/done。
①表被修饰词的用途—doing, 如sleeping train。
②被修饰词与提示词是逻辑上的主谓关系—表将来to do; 表现在或过去doing。
③被修饰词与提示词是逻辑上的动宾关系—表完成done; 表将来to be done; 表正在进行being done。
2. 提示词解题法——to do。
①the first/second等序数词， the last/only/next/right/形容词最高级(＋名词)，且与提示词是逻辑上的主谓关
系。
②被修饰的名词的同源动词用不定式作宾语：plan, promise, wish, intention, hope, failure, attempt等。
③被修饰的名词同源形容词用不定式作状语：ability, anxiety, eagerness, determination, patience, willingness等。
④被修饰的名词是：chance, opportunity, power, strength, struggle, right, idea, measure, effort等。
3. 固定句型法
have sth. to do “有某事要做”， 句子主语与所给动词是逻辑上的主谓关系。
策略四 非谓语动词作主语和表语——成分分析法
【考情再现】
24. (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long
would ________ (get) there.
答案与解析 to get it takes/took (sb.) some time to do sth. 为固定句式，意为“花费(某人)多长时间做某
事”，该句式中it为形式主语，后面的不定式(短语)为真正的主语。设空处应用动词不定式形式，故填to get。
25. (2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so doesn't
________ (challenge).
答案与解析 challenged 设空在句中作表语，表“受到挑战的”，故用过去分词作表语。
错解分析 有些同学会误填challenging，但是challenging “富有挑战性的”，表某物或某事具有的性质和特
征，不符合语境。
26. (2019·天津高考) ________ (learn)to think critically an important skill today's children will need for the
future.
答案与解析 Learning 分析句子结构可知，该句谓语动词为is, an important skill 为表语，故“________
(learn)to think critically”是该句的主语部分，应用动名词作主语，故填Learning。
27. (2018·浙江高考)While regularly eating out ________ (become) common for many young people ， it's not
without a cost.
答案与解析 have become seem “看上去”，是系动词，主语是人或物时其后应接不定式作表语。根据语
境和句中时间状语in recent years可知，此处应用不定式的完成式，表动作已完成，故填have become。【技巧微点】
1. 非谓语动词作主语
①句中缺少主语，找到句子的谓语部分，确定应用doing/to do作主语。
②表抽象的、习惯性的或经常性的动作用doing，表具体某一次的动作用to do。
③掌握用动词的ing形式/不定式作主语的句型：
a. It's ＋adj.(hard/difficult/easy/possible/kind等)(＋for/of sb.)＋to do sth.
b. It's no use/no good/fun/a pleasure/no pleasure/a waste of time doing sth.
c. It takes sb.＋ some time/money ＋to do sth.
d. It's worthwhile doing/to do sth.
2. 非谓语动词作表语
设空前是系动词(be, get, feel, seem等)时，根据句子结构确定用不定式或分词作表语。
【检测训练】
1
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
Blockbuster movie Avatar has retaken the highest-grossing film of all time spot thanks 1 . its re-release in China.
The sci-fi epic debuted in 2009 and held the global box office title for a decade until it 2 . (overtake) by
Marvel's Avengers: Endgame in 2019. Following its re-release in the world's biggest movie-watching market of China,
worldwide total sales pushed it above the $2.8bn mark on the weekend. China 3 . (be) the top-performing film market
since pandemic lockdowns. Director James Cameron's Avatar took in around $4m on Friday alone, 4 . pushed it ahead
of Endgame, according to distributor Walt Disney. These are two films both 5 . (belong) to Disney after the company
bought entertainment assets from Fox in 2019. 6 . (interesting), it also owns the Titanic movie, which is third on the list
of highest-grossing movies.
"We are proud 7 . (reach) this great milestone, and it is really an 8 . (excite) that the film is back in theatres during
these unprecedented times. We want to thank our Chinese fans for 9 . (they) support," said Avatar producer Jon Landau.
Chinese movie theatres have been open for several months now since pandemic-led shutdowns, and local movies have
also been enjoying some of their 10 . (strong) box-office sales ever.
2
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
A young dancer 11 . wears an artificial leg is inspiring people around the globe with her 12 . (impress) gymnastic
routines. Jamiyah Robinson, 10, of Columbia, South Carolina, 13 . (bear)with Femoral Deficiency-a rare condition that
caused her left leg to be shorter than the other. When she was 5, she was fitted with an artificial leg. "When she started
flipping(翻转) I was so happy-it just blew me away," her mom LaShawn Jacobs told the press. "I am very very proud 14 .
my daughter. She amazes me every day and 15 . makes me so happy that she's inspiring the world." For the last three
years, Jamiyah has been a member of the dance team who's been featured on the Lifetime Show. And within the last year,she has been pulling off gymnastics proves-a self-taught skill. " 16 . (see)my daughter on the dance floor with the other
girls, I 17 . (actual)cried out loud. She always keeps up and lives in fearlessness," Jacobs said. Jamiyah's gymnastic
videos 18 . (receive)thousands of comments on Facebook and nearly 50000 shares so far. She's even got 19 .
(message)from disabled kids who say they feel 20 . (encourage)by Jamiyah.
3
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
People of all ages and nations enjoy Chinese paper cutting. Paper cuttings, though, are no longer just used for pretty
decorations. This art form 21 . (date)back to the sixth century. Chinese women would cut shapes from gold and silver
paper 22 . (decorate)their hair. Later, the tradition of putting paper cuttings on gates and windows on special days 23 .
(adopt)by most families. 24 . (eventual), red paper cuttings became a way to express happy feelings and good wishes.
Today some artists are turning paper cutting into a new art form. They often add paint and other materials 25 . the
cuttings. They mix 26 . (imagine)with skill to create unique designs. Some of the most beautiful pieces of paper art come
from Nahoko Kojima of Japan. She's a leader in 27 . field of paper cut art as "sculptures". One of her most famous pieces,
Byaku, is a life-size swimming polar bear 28 . hangs from the ceiling. Kojima created the piece which was admired by
many from a single sheet of paper 29 . (measure)three meters long.
No matter how simple or complex the design is, paper cutting remains a 30 . (welcome)Chinese craft. The next time
you see a paper cutting, take a moment to appreciate it.
4
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It 31 . (build) originally
to protect the city 32 . the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). It is possible 33 . (walk) or
bike the entire 14 kilometers.
We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of
people moving inside and outside the City Wall.
After 34 . (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some
action and what 35 . (good) than to ride on a piece of history!
We 36 . (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky 37 . did the job. It
took us about 3 hours to go all 38 . way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we
stopped at the different gates and 39 . (watchtower) to fake pictures or just to watch the local people going about their
40 . (day) routines.
5
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinese scientist Yuan Longping, famed for developing the first hybrid rice strain that pulled 41 . (count) people
out of hunger, died of illness 42 . the age of 91 on Saturday, May 22th. The top rice scientist in China 43 . (pass)
away in a hospital in Changsha, capital of Hunan Province, at about I p. m. ,according to the hospital and other 44 .
(source).
He succeeded in cultivating the world's first high-yielding hybrid rice strain in 1973, 45 . was later grown on a
large scale in China and other countries to 46 . (substantial) raise output. Yuan has spent over five decades researching
and 47 . (develop) hybrid rice, which has reached its third generation. Until early this year, he 48 . (conduct) research
in a seed breeding base in Hainan.
Data shows the 49 . (accumulate) planting area of hybrid rice has exceeded 16 million hectares in China, or 57
percent of the total planting area of rice, helping feed 50 . extra 80 million people a year. Its growth area overseas has
reached 8 million hectares.
6
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China will encourage more non-profit funds to protect cultural relics, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage
(SACH) announced on Wednesday.
“China 51 . (spend) 60 billion yuan (9.3 billion U.S. dollars) in protecting cultural relics during the past five years.
The money went to more than 10,000 projects 52 . did not cover privately owned cultural items,” said Zhu Xiaodong.
53 . (direct) of policy and law department of the SACH.
54 . cultural relics held as private property are included in the government programs, a lack of proper funding has
left privately owned relics 55 . (basic) unprotected.
The SACH will help establish non-profit cultural heritage funds with the help of the Ministry of Finance, to channel
both state subsidies(补贴) and private capital into cultural relic protection.
China's traditional villages are 56 . most urgent need of protection. Among the 11,000 registered cultural relics in
these 2,555 villages, 6,600 57 . (be) in the possession of private owners.
With 58 . help of non-profit funds, the SACH can encourage and urge private owners 59 . (take) practical action
to protect 60 . (they) relics.
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President Xi Jinping stressed the significance of the high-speed railway line connecting Beijing and Zhangjiakou,
61 . co-host city of the 2022 Winter Olympics. The line went into operation on Monday.
Xi said that the Beijing-Zhangjiakou line 62 . (witness)the development of China's railways over more than a
century. The original Beijing-Zhangjiakou railway, China's first 63 . (independent) designed line, was first put intooperation in 1909 for trains going 35 kilometers per hour. The current railway line, 64 . came into service on Monday,
is a world-leading high-speed railway with trains moving at 350 km/h. Xi said the opening of the line on Monday
marked new progress 65 . the preparations for the Winter Olympics, and other related work is supposed to 66 . (push)
ahead following high standards. He also expressed his warm 67 . (congratulate) and New Year's greetings to everyone
68 . (involve) in the project's planning and construction.
The 174-km Beijing-Zhangjiakou line reduces travel time between the two cities from over three hours to 47
minutes, 69 . （make）Hebei one of the few provinces with a high-speed rail system connecting all of its cities.
Looking back at history, the new line carries even 70 . (great) significance, Xi said.
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Marie Kondo is 71 . internationally-known expert on cleaning. Her first book, 72 . (call) the “The Life-
Changing Magic of Tidying Up,” was published in Japanese in 2011. 73 . has sold more than 10 million copies in more
than 40 countries.
Yet fans want more help and 74 . (inform). So Kondo is launching a television show, a team of workers who will
visit clients’ homes, and a set of special paper boxes 75 . (keep) things organized. A set of three costs $89.
Kondo says the boxes were not part of her 76 . (origin) idea. In her book about tidying up, she gave two main
pieces of advice. First, keep only things that give you joy. Second, store those things in places they can be 77 . (easy)
reached and put away.
Kondo did not tell readers to get special containers 78 . their things. Instead, she suggested people use containers
they already had, such as shoe boxes.
But fans still ask Kondo what kinds of containers they need to achieve her special way of organizing.
So Kondo recently appeared in New York City to launch her new boxes. They are about the shape and size of shoe
boxes. They 79 . (color) light pink, gray, brown and purple. The insides are painted with designs such as a tree branch
dotted with small white flowers.
Kondo 80 . (say) the idea behind the boxes is not to hide things. Instead, it is to make the things inside feel happy.
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Long long ago, in a small village, there was a place 81 . (know) as the House of 1,000 Mirrors. A happy dog
learned of this 82 . decided to see it.
Upon his arrival, he bounced up the stairs and looked through the doorway with his tail moving from side to side.
To his great surprise, he found that 1,000 other happy dogs also kept 83 . (shake) their tails just as he did. He smiled a big
smile and 84 . (answer) with 1,000 great smiles. As he left the House, he thought to himself, “It is such a wonderfulplace that I will come back to visit it again.”
In the same village, another dog, 85 . was not as happy as the first one, also decided to visit the House. He 86 .
(slow) climbed up the stairs and looked through the doorway 87 . a smile. When he saw the 1,000 unfriendly dogs staring
back at him, he shouted angrily at 88 . (they) and was horrified to see 1, 000 little dogs shouting back at him in the same
way. As he left, he thought to himself, “This is a horrible place, and I won’t come back here anymore..” himself,
All the faces in the world 89 . (be) like mirrors. What kind of 90 . (reflect) do you see in the faces of the people you
meet?
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In 2004, the junior high school student, now 13, launched the basketball-themed Hoops of Hope, 91 . “charged”
people in his neighborhood $1 for every basket he shot. Since then, thousands of youngsters have picked up on the idea
and raised more than $325,000 for the cause. “It works 92 . kids of my age want a chance to do something great and be
part of something like this,” Gutwein told China Daily.
“I realized these kids weren’t any 93 . (difference) from me, except that they were suffering 94 . (terrible) and I
wanted to do something to help 95 . (they),” he said.
96 . the help of non-government organizations, Hoops of Hope has built a school for HIV/AIDS orphans and a
medical lab in Zambia in South Africa.
Another participant, Li Yeqiao, a 15-year-old student at Beijing Bayi Middle School, told the conference how the
group seeks to improve the way electronic waste 97 . (deal) with, and encourages people 98 . (save) water and care
for animals. “We have developed 3R (Reduce, Reuse and Recycle) living habits. Our initiatives (首先行动) 99 . (have) a
positive impact on the local environment.” Li said.
British animal behavior expert Jane Goodall introduced the Roots & Shoots concept to China in 2000 to promote
environmental and humanitarian education programs to 100 . (child). There are now 300 of such groups in the country.
