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上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
高一英语
Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two Speakers. At the end
of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the
questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read
the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question
you have heard.
1 A. Books. B. Men’s suits.
.
C. Bags. D. Women’s shoes.
2. A. The woman can’t fill out the form at the moment.
B. The woman can’t take a vacation next month.
C. The woman should make a request first.
D. The woman should have told him earlier.
3. A. He is busy writing a report.
B. He has to drop in on a reporter.
C. He is now attending a meeting.
D. He will meet the man later in the morning.
4. A. Go swimming. B. Climb mountains.
C. Buy a new jacket. D. Watch the weather forecast.
5. A. The man didn’t expect the woman to be a great writer.
B. The woman has taken many pictures at the contest.
C. The woman is an experienced photographer.
D. The man is extremely fond of traveling.
6. A. It started to rain when she was at the beach.
B. The forecast calls for more rain tomorrow.
C. She’d like the man to go to the beach with her.
D. She won’t go to the beach tomorrow if it rains.
7. A. She disagrees with the man.
B. She doesn’t enjoy long speeches.
第 1 页 共 28 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
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C. She didn’t known how long the speech would be.
D. She doesn’t have a strong opinion about the speaker.
8. A. She’ll consider the man’s invitation.
B. She doesn’t have time to work in a garden.
C. She doesn’t want to join the gardening club.
D. She was never formally invited to join a club.
9. A. She’s enjoying the music. B. The music doesn’t bother her.
C. The music will keep her awake. D. She would prefer a different style of music.
10 A. Few readers agree with his ideas.
.
B. Very few people have read his article.
C. He doesn’t expect the article to be published.
D. The woman doesn’t fully understand the article.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you
will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and
the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear
a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best
answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. Problems for actors. B. Embarrassed actors.
C. Avoiding eating in films. D. Unexpected film scenes.
12. A. They may be asked to eat or drink with children or animals on stage.
B. Children or animals may draw the attention of the audience.
C. They find some children cannot say words clearly enough.
D. Animals are sometimes not easy to deal with.
13. A. He forgot who to serve. B. He said the wrong words.
C. He cut off a whole chicken leg. D. He slipped the tray onto the floor.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. A European tradition. B. An art museum.
C. A coastal village. D. An arts festival.
第 2 页 共 28 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
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15. A. Some money. B. Their own paintings.
C. A visit to their homes. D. A chance to paint with them.
16. A. There are paintings at home and sculptures in the square.
B. Antoni Presti set up his own art gallery several years ago.
C. Almost every family owns some paintings by famous artists.
D. The residents there raised money to build their domestic museum.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17 A. She was long dreaming of going to Africa.
.
B. She didn’t like working as a travel agent.
C. She was tired of her lifestyle at that time.
D. She didn’t want to travel any more.
18. A. She taught local students the basics of the language.
B. She trained local farmers to market their crops.
C. She taught local children about culture.
D. She trained local people to be nurses.
19. A. She was used to living in a small house
B. She could hardly afford a flat in the city.
C. She had some friends living in the country.
D. She found life in the city too noisy and crowded.
20. A. Dealing in African furniture.
B. Raising funds to help African people.
C. Working for a volunteer organization.
D. Lecturing about her experience in Africa.
Ⅱ: Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and
D.Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.
1. ________ we can talk openly about this emergent issue, we won’t be able to make any progress.
A. Since B. Unless C. Whether D. Whatever
【答案】B
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【解析】
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：除非我们能公开讨论这个紧急问题，否则我们无法取得任何进展。
A.Since因为； B.Unless除非；C.Whether是否；D.Whatever无论什么。根据“we can talk openly about this
emergent issue”和“we won’t be able to make any progress”可知，此处是指除非能公开讨论这个紧急问
题，所以应用连词unless表示“除非”引导条件状语从句。故选B。
2. Having been led to another community by the real estate dealer, he wondered ________.
A. how much costs this flat B. how does this flat cost
C. how much this flat costs D. how is this flat cost
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句的语序。句意：在被那个房地产交易商带到另一个社区后，他想知道这套公寓要花
多少钱。分析可知，wondered后接的是宾语从句，根据上下文语境可知是对花多少钱进行提问，用how
much，并且宾语从句用陈述语气，故选C。
3. Mum is already up to her neck, so you should behave yourself now, ________?
A. does she B. don’t you C. will she D. shouldn’t you
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查反义疑问句。句意：妈妈已经忙得不可开交了，所以你现在应该规矩一点，不是吗？分析句
子结构和意思可知，这里考查反义疑问句。陈述句是含有情态动词should的肯定句，反问时要用should的
否定形式；陈述句主语是you，反问时还用you。故选D。
4. Look at the ink wash painting ________ our boss spent a great fortune. Isn’t it breath-taking?
A. that B. which C. for what D. on which
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：看看这幅我们老板花了一大笔钱买的水墨画，是不是很惊人？分析句子结
构和意思可知， ________ our boss spent a great fortune是定语从句，从句谓语动词spend需要的固定短语
spend+钱/时间+on sth.，表示“花钱/时间在某物上”，先行词the ink wash painting在从句中作介词on的宾
语，指物。故选D。
5. Under what kind of ________ can an international student apply for a scholarship at Cambridge?
A. background B. positions C. circumstances D. context
【答案】A
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【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：国际学生在什么样的背景下可以申请剑桥大学的奖学金？
A.background（包括学历在内的）经历，背景；B. positions位置； C. circumstances环境；D. context上
下文。根据“an international student apply for a scholarship at Cambridge”可知，国际学生需要拥有什么样
的学习经历才能申请奖学金呢？background有“（包括学历在内的）经历”的意思。故选A。
6. The little girl seems the most ________ of the big family, whose mouth will never shut.
A. reserved B. precise C. talkative D. passive
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个小女孩似乎是这个大家庭中最健谈的，她的嘴永远闭不上。A.
reserved矜持的；B. precise准确的；C. talkative健谈的；D. passive消极的。根据后文“whose mouth will
never shut”可知，小女孩嘴永远闭不上，是表达小女孩健谈之意。故选C项。
7. The impatient customer ________ about being kept waiting at the cashier for almost half an hour.
A. complained B. gossiped C. warned D. declared
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有耐心的顾客抱怨自己在收银台前等了将近半个小时。
A.complained抱怨；B.gossiped说闲话；C.warned警告；D.declared声明。根据上下文语境可知设空处是抱
怨的意思，并且complain about是固定短语，意为“抱怨”，故选A。
Section B
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically
correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other
blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Tea Behavior and Health Benefits
Tea is known to contain helpful substances for people’s health. Past studies in China, Japan and some other
Asian countries, ____8____ green tea is popular, have suggested several health benefits. Now, scientists in the US
say that, ____9____ green tea, black tea may also show similar benefits. They examined years of data gathered about
the tea drinking behavior of almost 500,000 adults in Britain for 14 years. The study found that high tea intake—two
or more cups a day—____10____ (link) to a moderate benefit: a nine to 13 percent lower risk of death from any
cause than non-tea drinkers.
The scientists say the ____11____ (reduce) risk of death held true for study subjects with heart disease. However,
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researchers said that ____12____ was found had little connection with deaths from cancer. Researchers were not sure
why. ____13____ this study was based on observing people’s behaviors and health, such methodologies could not
prove cause and effect. Some experts say that there must be ____14____ else about tea drinkers that makes them
healthier. Therefore, the study does not offer enough evidence to advise people ____15____ (change) their tea
behaviors.
【答案】8. where
9. besides 10. was linked
11. reduced
12. what 13. Because
14. something
15. to change
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论喝茶是否有益健康。
【8题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：过去在中国，日本和其他一些绿茶受欢迎的亚洲国家进行的研究已经表明
了绿茶的几个有益健康的好处。根据句意及句子结构可知，本句是非限制性定语从句。先行词是Asian
countries，缺少的引导词在定语从句中作地点状语，故用where引导。故填where。
【9题详解】
考查介词。句意：现在，美国的科学家说，除了绿茶，红茶也可能显示出类似的好处。根据句意及句子结
构可知，本句表示“除了绿茶，红茶也可能显示出类似的好处”。表示“除了……还”故用介词besides。
故填besides。
【10题详解】
考查时态及语态。句意：研究发现，较高的茶摄入量——每天两杯或更多杯——与适度的益处有关：与不
喝茶的人相比，任何原因导致死亡的风险降低了9%到13%。根据主句的谓语动词found可知，时态应用
一般过去时。主语high tea intake与link是动宾关系，故用被动语态，结合时态，应用一般过去时的被动
语态(was/were done)。主语high tea intake是单数，be动词用was。故填was linked。
【11题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家们表示，对于患有心脏病的研究对象来说，死亡风险的降低是真的。根据
句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词。逻辑主语risk与reduce是动宾关系，设空处故用过去分词，作定
语。故填reduced。
【12题详解】
第 6 页 共 28 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
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考查主语从句。句意：然而，研究人员表示，所发现的东西与死于癌症几乎没有关系。根据句意及句子结
构可知，________ was found作had的主语，故本句考查主语从句。缺少的引导词表示“什么事物，什么
东西”，故用what引导。故填what。
【13题详解】
考查原因状语从句。句意：因为这项研究是基于观察人们的行为和健康状况，所以这种方法无法证明因果
关系。根据句意及句子结构可知，前后两句构成因果关系，故用连词because引导原因状语从句。位于句
首，开头字母需要大写。故填Because。
【14题详解】
考查不定代词。句意：一些专家说，喝茶的人一定还有其他东西让他们更健康。根据句意及空后的else可
知，此处表示“其他的什么东西”，故填不定代词something，故填something。
【15题详解】
考查不定式。句意：因此，该研究没有提供足够的证据来建议人们改变他们的喝茶行为。根据句意及句子
结构可知，本句考查短语advise sb. to do sth.，表示“建议某人做某事”，故设空处应填不定式to change，
作宾补。故填to change。
Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note
that there is one word more than you need.
A. bodies B. containers C. cut D. decomposed E. densely F. engaged
G. prevention H. property I. remove J. scarcely K. unwanted
Get rid of mosquitoes, but how?
Almost everyone who spends time outdoors has experienced mosquitoes. These bloodsucking insects give itchy
bites and can spread disease. But how can you avoid them and protect yourself?
Jessica Damiano is a gardening expert. In a recent story, Damiano said the best control is ___16___. And she
gave suggestions on how to ___17___ mosquito populations.
It may seem difficult to avoid mosquitoes, as most of the areas in the world are ___18___ populated with them.
People who live near ___19___ of water, such as lakeside, may experience more mosquitoes. But there are several
measures you can take to reduce their numbers.
Mosquitoes need less than a centimeter of water to lay eggs. A female can lay hundreds of eggs at a time. So,
check your ___20___ to see if there is anywhere that collects water. Water can easily collect in small ___21___ —a
child’s toy, a trash can lid, or a cooking pot.
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Even if the amount of standing water seems small, ___22___ it. Make holes in the bottoms of containers that
can hold ___23___ water. Other standing water such as in ponds and bird baths can be ___24___ with chemicals.
There are other things you can do to protect yourself. Put screens in your doors and windows or keep them
closed. And cut down on time spent outdoors between the early evening and the early morning. Mosquitoes are most
___25___ during that time.
【答案】16. G 17. C 18. E 19. A 20. H 21. B 22. I 23. K 24. D 25. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一片说明文。文章主要讲述了“减少蚊子”的方法。
【16题详解】
考查名词。句意：在最近的一篇报道中，达米亚诺表示，最好的控制是预防。分析句子可知，is之后缺少
表语，可以用名词作为表语。prevention意为“预防”，符合句意，故选G项。
【17题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她还就如何减少蚊子数量提出了建议。分析句子可知，不定式to之后应该加动词
原形，且根据标题“Get rid of mosquitoes”可知，此处应该是“减少蚊子”，cut意为“切；削减”符合句
意，故选C项。
【18题详解】
考查副词。句意：似乎很难避免蚊子，因为世界上大多数地区都是蚊子密集居住的地区。根据句子结构可
知，此处应填入副词修饰 populated。根据下文“may experience more mosquitoes”可知，蚊子是密集的。
densely意为“密集地”符合句意，故选E项。
【19题详解】
考查名词。句意：住在水体附近的人，如湖边，可能会遇到更多的蚊子。分析句子结构可知，of之前应填
入名词，___4___ of water整体作为near 的宾语。 bodies意为“躯干；主体部分”符合句意，故选A项。
【20题详解】
考查名词。句意：所以，检查你的财产，看看是否有收集水的地方。your之后应该加名词，根据下文“a
child’s toy, a trash can lid, or a cooking pot”和“ponds and bird baths”等可知，是“财产”。property意为
“财产”，故选H项。
【21题详解】
考查名词。句意：水可以很容易地收集在小容器中-儿童玩具、垃圾桶盖或烹饪锅。根据下文“a child’s
toy, a trash can lid, or a cooking pot”可知，是“容器”。 containers意为“容器”，故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词。句意：即使积水量很小，也要将其清除。分析句子结构可知，it在句中作为宾语，前面可以填
第 8 页 共 28 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
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入动词。根据“Mosquitoes need less than a centimeter of water to lay eggs.”可知，就算水很少，也要清理干
净。故选I项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在容器底部开孔，以容纳多余的水。分析句子结构可知，此处可以填入名词，作为定
语修饰名词water。 unwanted意为“不需要的”符合句意，故选K项。
【24题详解】
考查语态。句意：其他的死水，如池塘和鸟浴池，可以用化学物质分解。can be done是情态动词的被动语
态。根据“with chemicals”可以推测是用化学物质分解。decomposed意为“分解”符合句意，故选D
项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词。句意：蚊子在那段时间最忙碌。分析句子结构可知，be之后缺少形容词作为表语， engaged
意为“忙碌的”符合句意，故选F项。
Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,
B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Experts often tell students to put their efforts on a narrow field to get a job after school. But recent research into
Nobel Prize winners suggests that wider interests are ___26___.
One of the winners of the 2022 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was Danish scientist Morten Meldal. When describing
his career, Meldal said he ___27___ as an engineer but changed to chemistry because, he “wanted to understand the
world”. Meldal’s experience and the way he sees things may come as a(n) ___28___ to students. They might believe
they have to ___29___ their work and school lives in one field to be successful. But a study from professors at
Michigan State University ___30___ that belief. They said that many Nobel Prize winners can be described as
“polymaths,” those who have many ___31___ interests in both their work and personal lives.
The professors looked at past Nobel Prize winners and their students. They decided that when ___32___ of
winners go on to win Nobel Prizes, some of what they learned from their teachers is how to live a life with many
interests. They are, in a way, learning how to be ___33___.
Having many interests ___34___ scientists to look for innovative ways to address problems. In fact, one
important part of science is not discovering answers, but ___35___ problems that need to be settled. For example,
Alexis Carrel won his Nobel Prize in medicine in 1912 by ___36___ techniques he learned from the clothing business.
He realized that people who used thread to make and fix clothing had a skill that could be used in ___37___ to put
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new organs into people’s bodies. One winner in medicine — Christiane Nusslein-Volhard — once told young
scientists to avoid following the “___38___” and move out of their study areas to be independent and original.
___39___, the Michigan State professors found that most professionals are not like the prize-winners. The prize-
winners are special in that they ___40___ look for the chances to learn new things, even outside of their jobs.
26. A. scientific B. competing C. essential D. immediate
27. A. started out B. made off C. looked over D. turned aside
28. A. distraction B. surprise C. example D. burden
29. A. ease B. tip C. treat D. center
30. A. exemplified B. confirmed C. edited D. rejected
31. A. diverse B. similar C. mathematical D. peculiar
32. A. teachers B. students C. peers D. children
33. A. creative B. leisure C. academic D. reasonable
34. A. spoils B. pours C. permits D. starves
35. A. abandoning B. recognizing C. capitalizing D. worsening
36. A. shrinking B. tracking C. individualizing D. transferring
37. A. operations B. engines C. clothing D. machinery
38. A. cornerstone B. mainstream C. upkeep D. outflow
39. A. As a result B. On the contrary C. In a row D. At a cost
40. A. unevenly B. fruitlessly C. regularly D. reluctantly
【答案】26. C 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. B
36. D 37. A 38. B 39. B 40. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，研究表明，诺贝尔奖经常颁发给有创造力的思考者，而不是专家。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但最近对诺贝尔奖得主的研究表明，更广泛的兴趣是非常重要的。A.
scientific科学的；B. competing相互竞争的；C. essential非常重要的，必不可少的；D. immediate立刻的，
即时的。根据语境及下文“some of what they learned from their teachers is how to live a life with many
interests(他们从老师那里学到的一些东西是如何带着许多兴趣去生活)”可知，很多诺贝奖得主的学生从老
师那里学到的是要有广泛的兴趣，所以此处指拥有广泛的兴趣很重要，故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在描述他的职业生涯时，Meldal说，他最初是一名工程师，但后来转向化学，
第 10 页 共 28 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
因为他“想了解世界”。A. started out起初是，从……开始；B. made off匆忙离开；C. looked over检查，浏
览；D. turned aside避开，转过脸。根据“but changed to chemistry”可知，Meldal说最初是一名工程师，
但后来转向化学，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Meldal的经历和他看待事物的方式可能会让学生们感到惊讶。A. distraction干
扰，使人分心的事物；B. surprise惊讶；C. example例子；D. burden负担。根据上文对Meldal专业的描述
及下文“They might believe they have to ___4___ their work and school lives in one field to be successful.”可
知，学生们可能认为集中注意力于一个专业才会成功，但是Meldal从工程师转向了化学，所以Meldal的
经历会让他们感到惊讶。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们可能认为他们必须把工作和学校生活集中在一个领域才能成功。A. ease减
轻，缓和；B. tip（使）倾泻，倒出；C. treat对待，治疗；D. center集中，使聚集在一起。根据文章首句
“Experts often tell students to put their efforts on a narrow field to get a job after school.(专家们经常告诉学生
们，要想毕业后找到工作，就要把精力集中在单一的领域)”及语境可知，学生们可能认为要把精力集中在
一个领域才能获得成功，故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但密歇根州立大学教授的一项研究否定了这一观点。A. exemplified举例说明；
B. confirmed证实；C. edited编辑，校订；D. rejected拒绝，否决。结合转折词“But”及下文“those who
have many ___6___ interests in both their work and personal lives”可知，研究表明，诺贝尔奖获得主有很多
兴趣，所以此处指这项研究否定了上文提到的集中精力于一个领域的观念，故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们说，许多诺贝尔奖得主都可以被称为“博学多才”，他们在工作和个人
生活中都有许多不同的兴趣。A. diverse不同的，各种各样的；B. similar类似的；C. mathematical有关数学
的；D. peculiar奇怪的，怪异的。根据“polymaths”及语境可知，许多诺贝尔奖得主有很多不同的兴趣，
故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们判定，当获奖者的学生后来获得诺贝尔奖时，他们从老师那里学到的一些
东西就是如何带着多种兴趣生活。A. teachers老师；B. students学生；C. peers同龄人；D. children孩子。
根据“some of what they learned from their teachers”可知，此处指获奖者的学生，故选B。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在某种程度上，他们正在学习如何变得富有创造力。A. creative创造性的；
第 11 页 共 28 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
B. leisure空闲的；C. academic学业的，学术的；D. reasonable合理的。根据下文“look for innovative ways
to address problems(寻找解决问题的创新方法)”可知，此处指学习如何变得富有创造力，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：兴趣广泛使科学家能够寻找解决问题的创新方法。A. spoils破坏，糟蹋；B.
pours倾倒；C. permits许可，使成为可能；D. starves挨饿。根据语境及下文的举例可知，兴趣广泛使使科
学家能够寻找解决问题的创新方法，permit符合语境。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，科学的一个重要部分不是发现答案，而是认识到需要解决的问题。A.
abandoning抛弃，遗弃；B. recognizing识别，辨认出；C. capitalizing资本化，为……提供资本；D.
worsening（使）变得更糟。根据“one important part of science is not discovering answers”可知，科学的一
个重要部分不是发现答案，而是发现需要解决的问题，故选B。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，Alexis Carrel通过将他从服装业学到的技术进行转移，在1912年获得了
诺贝尔医学奖。A. shrinking（使）缩小，减少；B. tracking追踪；C. individualizing（使）个性化；D.
transferring（使）转移，转化。根据下文描述的将缝制衣服的技巧用于医疗手术中可知，此处指将从服装
业学到的技术进行转移，故选D。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他意识到，那些用线制作和固定衣服的人拥有一种技能，可以在手术中用于将
新器官植入人的身体。A. operations手术；B. engines发动机；C. clothing服装；D. machinery机器。根据
“to put new organs into people’s bodies”可知，此处指在手术中用于将新器官植入人的身体，故选A。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：医学领域的一位获奖者Christiane Nusslein-Volhard曾告诉年轻的科学家们，要
避免追随“主流”，走出自己的研究领域，保持独立和原创。A. cornerstone基石，支柱；B. mainstream主
流；C. upkeep维修，保养；D. outflow流出量。根据“move out of their study areas to be independent and
original”及上文提到的创新可知，此处指避免跟随主流，故选B。
【39题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：相反，密歇根州立大学的教授们发现，大多数专业人士并不像得奖者那样。A.
As a result因此；B. On the contrary相反；C. In a row 连续几次地；D. At a cost按成本，造价为。上一段提
到诺贝尔奖得主能够创新地解决问题，根据空后“the Michigan State professors found that most professionals
are not like the prize- winners”可知，此处指相反，大多数专业人士并不像得奖者那样，故选B。
【40题详解】
第 12 页 共 28 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
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考查副词词义辨析。句意：获奖者的特殊之处在于，他们经常寻找学习新事物的机会，即使是在工作之
外。A. unevenly不均衡地；B. fruitlessly无益地，徒劳地；C. regularly频繁地，经常地；D. reluctantly不情
愿地。根据上文内容可知，诺贝尔奖得主经常寻找学习新事物的机会，即使是在工作之外，故选C。
Section B
Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or
unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose
the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
My son, Toby, 17 months old, has just tested positive for COVID-19. He is the first in our household to test
positive, and all the information provided for people in this situation is designed for adults who are(or should be)
concerned about protecting their families. Toby, obviously, cannot comprehend such advice. He cannot keep a
distance from everybody else, or eat and wash in a separate room. We called 911, and the medic we spoke to agreed
that the official guidance didn’t really apply to our situation.
Indeed. Not much we can do. So, here we are, trapped within our four walls with a little baby infected with
COVID-19, who continues to climb on us, spit in our faces, love us and hug us. It seems inevitable that we, and our
elder son, are going to get COVID now. Not much we can do.
My first reaction, after absorbing his diagnosis, was to cook sausages. I didn’t even know that was my comfort
food of choice. Perhaps an afternoon crisis would have caused a different cooking desire? Anyway, a full stomach
helped me take stock. Yes, it may now be inevitable that we’re going to contract the very virus we’ve spent a year
avoiding, but as long as we don’t contract it at the same time, then, hopefully, one other of us will be available to
look after our kids (thus answering my five-year-old’s most pressing concern: “…but who will make the pudding?”).
So, to minimise transmission, we’ve opened all the windows. And we’ve decided to wear face coverings
whenever we are with Toby. This decision has been insignificant to him—I imagine he literally cannot remember
life before masks—but for me, it’s distressing. I’ve become accustomed to wearing masks in supermarkets and coffee
shops, of course, but to actually walk around with half my face covered in my own house is quite another matter—it
is telling me that my home has been infected, That it’s no longer a safe space.
And so it was, when I sat down to write this column, that I ended up writing about COVID, which is probably
the last thing you wanted to read. Sorry about that. COVID has coloured my thoughts today, even though I know that
my wife and children will be fine, and that really we should just be grateful we haven’t passed it on to my grandmother.
I predict there will be more sausages in the morning.
41. By repeating the sentence “Not much we can do” in paragraph 2, the writer implies that ________.
第 13 页 共 28 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
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A. he feels inspired B. he is really helpless
C. he wants professional support D. he needs to keep a distance from Toby
42. According to the writer, what did sausages bring to him?
A. Appetite. B. Concern. C. Relief. D. Sadness.
43. Why did wearing masks at home distress the writer?
A. It discourages him from writing about COVID.
B. It brings him back to the days before COVID-19
C. It makes him feel at a loss for how to help his son.
D. It is a reminder of what is happening to his family.
44. What can be concluded from the passage?
A. The diagnosis leaves the writer’s family in a tough spot.
B. Being infected with COVID-19 leaves Toby in a bad mood.
C. The writer is sure that his other kids won’t contract the virus.
D. Sausages have long been considered by many to be comfort food
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. D 44. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者17个月的儿子确诊新冠后，令他们的生活变得非常糟
糕。
【41题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段最后一句话“We called 911, and the medic we spoke to agreed that the official
guidance didn’t really apply to our situation.(我们拨打了911，与我们交谈的医生同意官方指导并不适用于我
们的情况)”以及第二段第三、四句话“So, here we are, trapped within our four walls with a little baby infected
with COVID-19, who continues to climb on us, spit in our faces, love us and hug us. It seems inevitable that we,
and our elder son, are going to get COVID now. (所以，现在我们被困在四壁之内，身边有一个感染了新冠肺
炎的婴儿，他继续爬到我们身上，口水躺到我们脸上，爱我们，拥抱我们。我们和大儿子现在感染新冠肺
炎似乎是不可避免的)”可知，作者17个月的儿子确诊新冠后，由于孩子太小，他们没有办法和他保持安
全的距离，家人无可避免地会被感染，所以“Not much we can do”这句话表明作者感到非常的无助。故选
B。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“I didn’t even know that was my comfort food of choice. Perhaps an afternoon crisis
would have caused a different cooking desire? Anyway, a full stomach helped me take stock. (我甚至都不知道这
第 14 页 共 28 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
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是我选择的安慰食品。也许下午的危机会引起不同的烹饪欲望？总之，饱腹有助于我进行评估)”可推知，
作者选择烤香肠是一种安慰性食物，可以缓解他现在紧张的情绪。所以香肠带给他带来了宽慰。故选C。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句话“I’ve become accustomed to wearing masks in supermarkets and coffee
shops, of course, but to actually walk around with half my face covered in my own house is quite another matter—
it is telling me that my home has been infected, That it’s no longer a safe space.(当然，我已经习惯了在超市和咖
啡店戴口罩，但实际上，在自己的房子里半遮着脸四处走动是另一回事——这告诉我，我的家已经感染了
病毒，不再是一个安全的地方)”可知，在家戴口罩让作者烦恼的原因是，这提醒了他的家人正在发生什
么。故选D。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段第一句话“My son, Toby, 17 months old, has just tested positive for COVID-19.(我17
个月大的儿子托比刚刚检测出新冠肺炎呈阳性)”以及全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者的17个月大的儿子
确诊新冠后，他们家的生活变得非常糟糕。所以从这篇文章中可以得出“这一诊断使作者的家人陷入困
境”这个结论。故选A。
(B)
Around this time last winter, at a gymnasium 45 minutes outside Budapest, I was surprised to come across a
group of roughly 30 men and women with wooden axes (斧子). They had gathered to practice something called
Baranta, perhaps the youngest of the world’s so-called traditional martial arts(武术).
While they took turns swinging and blocking, one member of the group, a beefy man with a tight, gray, military-
style haircut, walked over to where I was standing and began excitedly talking to me in Hungarian. Even with the
help of a translator, I had difficulty keeping up with what he was saying. Perhaps sensing this, he pulled out his phone
to show me a series of videos, in which several groups were practicing Baranta.
The name Baranta, I later learned, originates from an old Hungarian word meaning, roughly, “to attack.” Today,
it refers to a fighting style based on a mixture of Hungarian folk dancing, Mongolian wrestling, and the imagined
fighting skills of its practitioners’ ancestors. Kata Babinszki, a student at the University of Pécs who is writing an
essay on Baranta, told me that the practice dates to the early 1990s. At that time, small groups of Hungarians began
plunging into their country’s past, looking back to its history as part of the Austro-Hungarian empire, to its time as a
kingdom, and even to the period when Hungarians were horsemen travelling across the edges of eastern Europe and
possibly central Asia.
Baranta clubs have formed in most major Hungarian cities and in many smaller villages, Babinszki says. These
new “traditionalists” are interested in taking up archery and horseback riding and organizing giant “tribal meetings”
第 15 页 共 28 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
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at which they dress in Mongolian-style coats and hats.
Though many of these trappings are rooted less in historical fact than in wistful imagination, few Hungarians
seem interested in quibbling over their authenticity. “They’re reaching back to a time when our knowledge is very
uncertain,” says Vendel Teszler, a professor at Eõtvõs Loránd University, in Budapest who has studied Hungarian
traditionalists. “Nobody can tell them exactly what clothing is historically accurate. Everything can be transformed
and created.” Even tradition.
45. Why did the beefy man show the writer a series of videos?
A. He was trying to sell the writer these videos.
B. He found the writer couldn’t understand his words.
C. He had difficulty translating English into Hungarian.
D. He wanted the writer to show him how to practice Baranta.
46. According to the passage, what happened in the early 1990s?
A. Baranta made a comeback in Hungary.
B. Baranta clubs moved from villages to major cities
C. Some Hungarians began exploring the country’s history.
D. Some Hungarians became interested in Mongolian martial arts.
47. The phrase “quibbling over” (in the last paragraph) most probably means “________”.
A. arguing about B. handing over
C. insisting on D. engaging in
48. Vendel Teszler is quoted in the last paragraph in order to show ________.
A tradition changes with time no matter how old it is
.
B. the history of Hungary remains a mystery to many people
C. wishful imagination appeals more to people than historical fact
D. what traditionalists believe in may not be true to the fact
【答案】45. D 46. C 47. A 48. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了去年冬天作者偶遇了一群练习一种被叫做Baranta的一群人，
从而了解到了一些与Baranta这种世界上最年轻的所谓的传统武术有关的一些历史情况。
【45题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“They had gathered to practice something called Baranta, perhaps the youngest of
第 16 页 共 28 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
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the world’s so-called traditional martial arts(武术).(他们聚在一起练习一种叫做Baranta的武术，这可能是世界
上最年轻的所谓传统武术。)”以及第二段“Perhaps sensing this, he pulled out his phone to show me a series
of videos, in which several groups were practicing Baranta.(也许是察觉到了这一点，他拿出手机给我看了一系
列视频，里面有几个小组在练习Baranta。)”可知这位健硕的男士与他的同伴们正在练习Baranta，所以这
位健硕的男士给我看手机里的视频是想让我教他们如何练习Baranta。故选D项。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Kata Babinszki, a student at the University of Pécs who is writing an essay on
Baranta, told me that the practice dates to the early 1990s. At that time, small groups of Hungarians began plunging
into their country’s past, looking back to its history as part of the Austro-Hungarian empire, to its time as a
kingdom, and even to the period when Hungarians were horsemen travelling across the edges of eastern Europe and
possibly central Asia.(Pécs大学的学生Kata babinzki正在写一篇关于Baranta的文章，他告诉我，这种做法
可以追溯到上世纪90年代初。那时，一小群匈牙利人开始回顾他们国家的过去，回顾它作为奥匈帝国一
部分的历史，回顾它作为一个王国的时期，甚至匈牙利人骑马穿越东欧边缘，可能还有中亚的时期。)”可
知在20世纪90年代早期一群匈牙利人开始探索匈牙利这个国家的历史。故选C项。
【47题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“These new “traditionalists” are interested in taking up archery and horseback
riding and organizing giant “tribal meetings” at which they dress in Mongolian-style coats and hats.(这些新的“传
统主义者”对射箭和骑马感兴趣，并组织大型“部落会议”，他们穿着蒙古风格的外套和帽子。)”以及最
后一段第一句“Though many of these trappings are rooted less in historical fact than in wistful imagination,(尽管
许多这样的装饰与其说是源于历史事实，不如说是源于怀旧的想象，)”以及““They’re reaching back to a
time when our knowledge is very uncertain,” says Vendel Teszler, a professor at Eõtvõs Loránd University, in
Budapest who has studied Hungarian traditionalists. “Nobody can tell them exactly what clothing is historically
accurate. Everything can be transformed and created.” Even tradition.(“他们回到了一个我们的知识非常不确定
的时代，”布达佩斯Eõtvõs Loránd大学研究匈牙利传统主义者的教授Vendel Teszler说。“没有人能确切
地告诉他们什么服装是历史上最准确的。一切都可以被改造和创造。”即使是传统。)”可知这些新的“传
统主义者”在探索匈牙利历史的道路上所遵循追求的传统只是一种怀旧的形式，至于是不是与原来的传统
真正一致，很少有人去辩解。因为一切都是可以被改造和创造的。即使是传统。所以此处划线词quibbling
over的意思应与arguing over意思相近。故选A项。
【48题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““They’re reaching back to a time when our knowledge is very uncertain,” says
Vendel Teszler, a professor at Eõtvõs Loránd University, in Budapest who has studied Hungarian traditionalists.
第 17 页 共 28 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
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“Nobody can tell them exactly what clothing is historically accurate. Everything can be transformed and created.”
Even tradition.(布达佩斯Eõtvõs Loránd大学研究匈牙利传统主义者的教授Vendel Teszler说：“他们回到了
一个我们的知识非常不确定的时代。没有人能确切地告诉他们什么服装是历史上最准确的。一切都可以被
改造和创造。”即使是传统。)”可知在教授Vendel Teszler看来匈牙利的这些新的“传统主义者”所穿的
服装有可能不一定是历史上本来的样子，因为一切都可以被改造和创造。即使是传统。所以作者在最后一
段引用了Vendel Teszler的话目的是为了来说明传统主义者所相信的未必是真的。故选D项。
(C)
It is the great tragedy of shoelaces. From the moment they are tied, they are sure to become untied.
That is the conclusion of scientists who have studied the shoelace knot (结) and found that it seems almost
uniquely ill-suited to survive long walk. Instead, it will always come undone eventually, usually suddenly and
unexpectedly.
Or, as they put it, “the failure of the knot happens in a matter of seconds, often without warning, and is disastrous.”
Especially so if you trip up afterwards.
Oliver O’Reilly, from the University of California, Berkeley, said that the research was inspired by personal
experience. “My shoelaces have always come untied,” he said. So when he was teaching his daughter how to tie hers
he sought expert advice. “I found wonderful videos showing why they became untied, which struck me as unusual.”
He decided to correct this. He got his PhD student Christine Gregg to run on a treadmill (跑步机) until her laces
came undone, while filming with a slow-motion camera. “Christine started running and we were really surprised. For
a long time nothing happened, then everything happened really quickly—in a few steps.” He found there was a
gradual, hidden, loosening which came before a total collapse of the knot.
To try to establish what was causing this, Christine tried leg-swinging while sitting on a table, and heavy steps.
Neither resulted in the shoelaces coming undone. It required both together, even with a loosely tied knot. Next, for
his research in Proceedings of the Royal Society A, Professor O’Reilly attached instruments to the laces to see why
this might be. “We put an accelerometer on a knot, and we were surprised the g-forces were so large.” With each
heavy step, the knot experienced 7g, more than that found on any rollercoaster. “The hypothesis(假设) is the knot
opens up as you run, from the amount of forces.”
That was a necessary, but not sufficient condition though. The swing was also needed, as well as the heavy step.
“The shoe laces move back and forth, putting a force on the bows and ends.” As the knot opens “you get slippage
and at the end with the higher force this will get larger”. Once slippage starts, this rapidly pulls the laces undone.
Predicting when though, said Professor O’Reilly, was difficult. “The tipping point was really difficult for us to
spot,” he said. “That in itself explains our experience. You are walking along and everything is fine and suddenly,
第 18 页 共 28 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
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‘Boom!’ they’re gone—and you realise you are about to trip over your shoelaces.” His conclusion is that we should
just accept retying shoelaces to be one of the minor misfortunes of the human condition.
49. The word “so” (in paragraph 3) refers to ________.
A. falling down B. happening without warning
C. being disastrous D. appearing in a few seconds
50. What did Professor O’Reilly find in his experiment with his PhD student?
A. Shoelaces got untied without any obvious sign.
B. The collapse of the shoelace knot could be avoided.
C. Nothing happened to shoelaces if a runner took right steps.
D. Walking on a treadmill would prevent shoelace knots getting loose.
51. It can be inferred from the passage that a loosely tied knot ________.
A. will come undone unless you walk slowly
B. won’t come undone even if you walk fast
C. will come undone as long as you swing your leg
D. won’t come undone if you just stamp your foot
52. What is O’Reilly’s conclusion about the failure of shoelace knots?
A. It is totally inevitable. B. It will be corrected soon.
C. It will be easy to predict. D. It is related to shoe type.
【答案】49. C 50. A 51. D 52. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是鞋带断裂的原因，研究发现鞋带的断裂必须具备两个条件，即
甩腿和用力跺脚，而且鞋带什么时候断裂是不可预测的，所以我们唯有接受系鞋带这个不可避免的事实。
【49题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“Instead, it will always come undone eventually, usually suddenly and
unexpectedly.(相反，它总是最终会断开，通常是突然和意想不到的。)以及第三段“Or, as they put it, “the
failure of the knot happens in a matter of seconds, often without warning, and is disastrous.” Especially so if you
trip up afterwards.(或者，就像他们说的，“鞋带的断裂在几秒钟内发生，通常没有任何预兆，是灾难性
的。”尤其是如果你在事后摔倒了。)”可知鞋带的断裂通常是难以预料的，所以一旦断裂其结果是灾难性
的，而如果你在鞋带断裂后摔倒其后果会更严重。所以此处的so指代的应该是结果是灾难性的这个事实。
故选C项。
【50题详解】
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细节理解题。根据文章第五段“He decided to correct this. He got his PhD student Christine Gregg to run on a
treadmill (跑步机) until her laces came undone, while filming with a slow-motion camera.“Christine started
running and we were really surprised. For a long time nothing happened, then everything happened really
quickly—in a few steps.” He found there was a gradual, hidden, loosening which came before a total collapse of
the knot.(他决定纠正这个错误。他让自己的博士生Christine Gregg在跑步机上跑步，直到鞋带松开，同时
用慢镜头拍摄。“Christine开始跑，我们真的很惊讶。很长一段时间什么都没发生，然后一切都发生得很
快——只需要几步。”他发现鞋带在完全断裂之前，有一个逐渐的、隐蔽的松动过程。)”可知Oliver教授
和他的博士生在实验中发现在鞋带完全断裂之前，有一个逐渐的、隐蔽的松动过程，所以说鞋带断开时没
有任何明显的迹象。故选A项。
【51题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段“To try to establish what was causing this, Christine tried leg-swinging
while sitting on a table, and heavy steps. Neither resulted in the shoelaces coming undone. It required both together,
even with a loosely tied knot.(为了确定是什么原因导致鞋带断裂，Christine尝试了坐在桌子上甩腿和用力跺
脚。这两件事都没有导致鞋带松开。它需要两者结合，即使是松散的结。)”以及倒数第二段“That was a
necessary, but not sufficient condition though. The swing was also needed, as well as the heavy step. “The shoe
laces move back and forth, putting a force on the bows and ends.” As the knot opens “you get slippage and at the
end with the higher force this will get larger”. Once slippage starts, this rapidly pulls the laces undone.(这是一个必
要条件，但不是充分条件。甩腿和用力跺脚都是必需的。“鞋带会前后移动，对鞋带的前端和末端产生作
用力。”当绳结打开时，“你会打滑，最后随着外力的增大，绳结会变大”。一旦开始滑落，鞋带就会迅
速松开。)”可知鞋带断开需要两个条件，即甩腿和用力跺脚，所以即使是比较松的鞋带如果你只跺脚它也
不会松开。故选D项。
【52题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Predicting when though, said Professor O’Reilly, was difficult. “The tipping
point was really difficult for us to spot,” he said.(不过，Professor O’Reilly说，很难预测具体时间。“我们真
的很难发现临界点，”他说。)”以及“His conclusion is that we should just accept retying shoelaces to be one
of the minor misfortunes of the human condition.(他的结论是，我们应该接受系鞋带是人类处境中的一种小不
幸。)”可知在O’Reilly看来我们很难预测鞋带在什么时候会断开，所以唯有接受系鞋带这个事实，所以可
以推测在O’Reilly看来鞋带断裂是不可避免的。故选A项。
(D)
At least since the appearance of Napster (一个文件共享平台), in 1999, the Internet’s potential effect on music
listeners has often been portrayed as dramatic. Music bloggers, the iPod’s massive storage capabilities, and most
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recently, the virtually unlimited browsing potential afforded by streaming — put together, they would surely pave
the way for a generation to whom eclecticism (折衷主义) was normal. Human curiosity could finally win, and the
super-listener would rise.
Little in the modern music landscape suggests that this has come to pass. Quite the contrary, which is an
important assumption of the New York Times music critic Ben Ratliff’s Every Song Ever: 20 Ways to Listen in an
Age of Musical Plenty. In the past decade or so, traditional radio stations have cut down the number of songs they
played and increased the frequency of repetition, because listeners are less likely to switch away from tunes they
recognize. Successful online playlist makers such as Pandora continually fine-tune algorithms (算法) to figure out
what individual users want to hear based on what they’ve liked before. And music journalists working online have
come to understand that defending little-known artists commands far less traffic — and therefore less job security —
than does promotion of the latest Taylor Swift video or Beatles anniversary.
Ratliff wisely diagnoses the psychology underlying this state of affairs. “In many cases, having rapidly acquired
a new kind of listening brain — a brain with unlimited access — we dig very deeply and very narrowly, creating
bottomless comfort zones in what we have decided we like and trust,” he writes. “Or we shut down, threatened by
the endless choice. The riches remain dumb unless we have an engaged relationship with them.”
An “engaged relationship”— what’s that? Well, you know: Active listening. Open listening. The kind of
listening that happened more often when switching from an unfamiliar song back to an old favorite wasn’t so
frictionless — when the unfamiliar song had cost you $16.99 and a trip to Tower Records to acquire, and the old CD
was gathering dust somewhere under your bed. Ratliff has 20 suggestions, mostly good ones, for how to achieve this
level of engagement in a world overflowing with new and strange, and instantaneously available, sounds. He reminds
us, as he proceeds, of how urgently we need adventurous critics like him at a time when the idea of musical discovery
has been appropriated by tech companies and sidelines in the chase for clicks.
53. What effect is the Internet supposed to have on listeners?
A. They would have a better taste for music.
B. They would prefer more powerful players.
C. They would be willing to try different types of music.
D. They would be more curious about the quality of music.
54. According to Ben Ratliff, which statement best describes the modern music landscape?
A. Online playlist makers don’t take individual users’ preference into account.
B. People don’t have as much chance to listen to unfamiliar music as expected.
C. Music journalists are ready to help those unknown artists promote their music
第 21 页 共 28 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
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D. Algorithms are upgraded frequently to satisfy music lovers’ needs for new music.
55. The word “frictionless” (in the last paragraph) is closest in meaning to “________”.
A. sudden B. expensive C. obvious D. easy
56. It can be inferred from the passage that music critics should take the responsibility of ________.
A. reducing the impact of technology on us
B. engaging us in more chase for clicks
C. helping us find our comfort zones
D. brining old classics back to life
【答案】53. C 54. D 55. D 56. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在这个网络时代，我们接触着各种新的歌曲，却仍然偏爱着老
歌的原因，以及乐评家给我们的建议。
【53题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“Music bloggers, the iPod’s massive storage capabilities, and most recently,
the virtually unlimited browsing potential afforded by streaming — put together, they would surely pave the way
for a generation to whom eclecticism was normal.(音乐博主、iPod巨大的存储能力，以及最近流媒体提供的几
乎无限的浏览潜力——合在一起，肯定会为一代人铺平道路，对于这代人来说，折衷主义是正常的)”和第
三句“Human curiosity could finally win, and the super-listener would rise. (人类的好奇心终于可以赢了，超级
倾听者就会站起来)”可知，在这个充满无限信息的网络时代，人们的好奇心可以得到满足，听各种各样的
新的不同风格和类型的歌曲。故选C项。
【54题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第三句“Successful online playlist makers such as Pandora continually fine-tune
algorithms to figure out what individual users want to hear based on what they’ve liked before.(Pandora等成功的
在线播放列表制作者不断调整算法，根据个人用户之前喜欢的音乐找出他们想听的音乐)”可知，算法经常
升级，以满足音乐爱好者对新音乐的需求。故选D项。
【55题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“The kind of listening that happened more often when switching from an
unfamiliar song back to an old favorite wasn’t so frictionless — when the unfamiliar song had cost you $16.99 and
a trip to Tower Records to acquire, and the old CD was gathering dust somewhere under your bed. (当你从一首不
熟悉的歌曲切换到一首旧的最爱歌曲时，这种听起来更为频繁，但这种听起来并不是那么frictionless——
当这首陌生的歌曲花了你16.99美元，还花了一次去Tower Records的旅行，而这张旧CD在你床下的某个
第 22 页 共 28 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
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地方积满了灰尘)”可推知，新唱片切换到旧唱片没那么容易。由此可知，frictionless与easy意思接近。
故选D项。
【56题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“He reminds us, as he proceeds, of how urgently we need adventurous
critics like him at a time when the idea of musical discovery has been appropriated by tech companies and sidelines
in the chase for clicks.(他在继续讲述的过程中提醒我们，在这个音乐发现的理念被科技公司和旁观者在追逐
点击率的过程中所利用的时代，我们是多么迫切地需要像他这样敢于冒险的评论家)”可知，乐评人能够帮
助正确的听音乐的人，减少利用点击率的科技公司对他们的影响。故选A项。
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements with no
more than 8 words.
Culture Shock
Culture shock is the emotional and mental reaction to being in a completely new cultural environment. This is
often a very difficult experience for many people and it consist of several stages of feelings until someone
successfully adapts to being in the new culture.
The “honeymoon” stage of culture shock is usually the first stage that people go through when surrounded by
different cultural values and lifestyles. During this stage, people often have very positive images of their new cultural
surroundings. They tend to view these in an idealistic way and ignore or minimize problems. This stage quickly gives
way to the second stage, called “the frustration phase”.
During the “frustration stage”, the newcomer begins to experience a more negative view of their cultural
surroundings. There is a definite frustration that things that should be easy are still difficult. For example, people who
may have been enjoyed learning the basics of a language during the honeymoon phase would now find it a chore to
try and communicate with locals in the frustration phase.
After the frustration stage ends, the adjustment phase begins. This marks the time when newcomers begin to
adjust themselves to the new culture. They begin to accept the differences around them and the challenges of everyday
life. This opens the door to two possible outcomes— mastery and rejection.
Those newcomers who enter the “mastery stage” have completely accepted the values and beliefs of the new
culture. Those who choose the “rejection phase” have decided not to accept it. They usually choose to permanently
withdraw from the culture through isolation or returning home.
Culture shock is a very emotional experience for most people and there are many symptoms. It is important to
recognize these symptoms in newcomers and understand the reasons for these feelings.
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57. Culture shock refers to how people ________________ being in a new culture environment emotionally and
mentally.
58. People usually take a(n) ________________ attitude towards a new culture environment when they first arrive.
59. In which of the four stages do people feel worst, according to the passage?
___________________________________________________________
60. The following paragraph is a short summary of the passage. Fill in each blank with no more than 8 words.
People experience ________________ after arriving in a new cultural environment. It usually consists of four
stages. First, people find everything is ________________. Then, they start to find things harder and
________________. Next, they learn to ________________. After that, some people will feel completed integrated
into the new culture, while some will choose ________________.
【答案】57. react
58. positive
59. The frustration stage
60. ①. cultural shock ②. new and interesting ③. feel frustrated ④. adjust themselves to the
new culture ⑤. to refuse the new culture.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了文化冲击这一现象以及在文化冲击中人们所经历的不同阶段。
【57题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Culture shock is the emotional and mental reaction to being in a completely new
cultural environment. (文化冲击是在一个完全陌生的文化环境中产生的情感和精神反应)”可知文化冲击指
的是人在一个新的文化环境中精神和情感方面如何“反应”的。故答案为react。
【58题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“ During this stage, people often have very positive images of their new cultural
surroundings. (在这一阶段，人们通常对新的文化环境有非常积极的印象)”可知，当人们刚开始面临新的文
化环境时，他们通常对此环境呈“积极的”态度。故答案为positive。
【59题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“During the “frustration stage”, the newcomer begins to experience a more negative
view of their cultural surroundings. There is a definite frustration that things that should be easy are still difficult.
(在“挫折期”，新来者开始对他们的文化环境产生更消极的看法。有一种明显的挫败感，那就是本该容易
的事情仍然很难)”可知，在“挫折期”，人们感觉最难受。故答案为 The frustration stage。
【60题详解】
第 24 页 共 28 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
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主旨大意题。根据第一段“Culture shock is the emotional and mental reaction to being in a completely new
cultural environment. (文化冲击是在一个完全陌生的文化环境中产生的情感和精神反应) ”可知，当进入一
个新的文化环境时，人们会经历“文化冲击”，所以空①填cultural shock；根据第二段“During this stage,
people often have very positive images of their new cultural surroundings. They tend to view these in an idealistic
way and ignore or minimize problems. (在这一阶段，人们通常对新的文化环境有非常积极的印象。他们倾向
于以理想主义的方式看待这些问题，并忽略或最小化问题)”可知，刚开始在新环境中，人们的态度是积极
的，认为周边的所有事情都是新颖和有趣的，就像是度蜜月一样，所以空②填new and interesting；根据第
三段“During the “frustration stage”, the newcomer begins to experience a more negative view of their cultural
surroundings. There is a definite frustration that things that should be easy are still difficult. (在“挫折期”，新来
者开始对他们的文化环境产生更消极的看法。本应容易的事情仍然很难，这确实令人沮丧)”，在“挫折
期”，人们会发现事情变得越来越难，情绪也受到挫折，所以空③填feel frustrated；根据第四段“After the
frustration stage ends, the adjustment phase begins. This marks the time when newcomers begin to adjust
themselves to the new culture. (挫折期结束后，调整阶段开始。这标志着新来者开始适应新的文化)”可知，
在挫折期结束后，人们开始调整自己去适应新环境，所以空④填adjust themselves to the new culture；根据
第五段“Those newcomers who enter the “mastery stage” have completely accepted the values and beliefs of the
new culture. Those who choose the “rejection phase” have decided not to accept it. (那些进入“掌握期”的新来
者已经完全接受了新文化的价值观和信仰。那些选择“拒绝期”的人已经决定不接受它)”可知，在调整自
己之后，一些人会完全融入到新环境中，进入“掌握期”，而另一些人会选择不去接受，进入“拒绝期”，
所以空⑤填to refuse the new culture。故答案为cultural shock；new and interesting；feel frustrated；adjust
themselves to the new culture；to refuse the new culture。
Ⅳ. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
61. 在通向成功的道路上，我们既要保持热情也要沉着冷静。(stay)（汉译英）
【答案】On the way to success, we should stay both passionate and calm.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词，短语及形容词。根据句意，本句描述一般事实，时态故用一般现在时。表示“在通
往……的道路上”用短语On the way to；表示“成功”用名词success；表示“既……又……”用
both…and…；表示“保持”用动词stay；表示“热情的”用形容词passionate；表示“沉着冷静的”用形
容词calm。故答案为On the way to success, we should stay both passionate and calm.
62. 周末我计划去拜访一位葡萄牙的老朋友，此人精通理财之道。(who)(汉译英)
【答案】I am going to visit an old friend from Portugal this weekend, who knows a lot about money matters.
第 25 页 共 28 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态和定语从句。根据汉语句意可知，表示“周末”可用this weekend；表示“计划去拜
访”可用短语be going to visit sb；表示“一位葡萄牙的老朋友”可用an old friend from Portugal；后面的“此
人精通理财之道”可以处理为定语从句，修饰前面的名词 friend，可译为 who knows a lot about money
matters，关系代词who代替先行词在从句中做主语，因从句陈述客观事实，故用一般现在时。故翻译为I am
going to visit an old friend from Portugal this weekend, who knows a lot about money matters.
63. 遍布街头大大小小的咖啡馆错落有致，满足了都市人适应快节奏生活的需求。(adapt) （汉译英）
【答案】Large and small cafes are scattered all over the streets, meeting the needs of urban people to adapt to the
fast-paced life.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态语态、短语和非谓语。“遍布”可用谓语动词scatter表示，主语“大大小小的咖啡馆”
可译为large and small cafes，由句意可知，用一般现在时的被动语态，所以“遍布街头大大小小的咖啡馆错
落有致”可译为Large and small cafes are scattered all over the streets；“满足……需求”可表达为短语meet the
needs of，根据提示词，“适应”可用动词短语adapt to表示，“都市人”翻译为unban people，“快节奏生
活”译为the fast-paced life，“满足了都市人适应快节奏生活的需求”在句中作结果状语，可用现在分词表
示，即 meeting the needs of urban people to adapt to the fast-paced life。故答案为 Large and small cafes are
scattered all over the streets, meeting the needs of urban people to adapt to the fast-paced life.
64. 每当想起老师对他的期许，要将个人发展融入到祖国的大发展之中时，他就感到自己奋斗的深刻意义。
（Each time） （汉译英）
【答案】Each time he remembered his teacher’s expectation that he should integrate his personal development into
the great development of his country, he felt the profound significance of his struggle.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词性从句和时间状语从句。根据提示可知，此处应用each time表示“每当”引导时间状语
从句。表示“期许”应用名词expectation，表示“将……融入到……”应用动词短语integrate...into...，表
示“个人发展”应用personal development，根据句意可知，表示“要将个人发展融入到祖国的大发展之中
时”应为expectation的同位语从句，且从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，也不缺少意义，所以应用连接词
that引导同位语从句。表示“深刻的”应用形容词profound，表示“意义”名词significance，表示“奋
斗”应用名词struggle。根据句意可知，此处可理解为过去发生的事情，可用一般过去时。再结合其它汉
语意思，故翻译为Each time he remembered his teacher’s expectation that he should integrate his personal
development into the great development of his country, he felt the profound significance of his struggle.
65. 破晓时分轻推窗户，面对这壮观雪景，他不由吟诵：“千里冰霜，万里雪飘”。(help) （汉译英）
第 26 页 共 28 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
【答案】Pushing the window at dawn, in the face of this spectacular snow, he could not help chanting: “A hundred
leagues locked in ice. A thousand leagues of whirling snow.”
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。分析所给中文提示词，可知本句谓语是不由吟诵，所以推窗户应该
用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语他之间是主动关系，所以应该用现在分词做伴随状语，所以“破晓时分轻推窗
户”译为“Pushing the window at dawn”，“面对这壮观雪景”同样做状语译为“in the face of this
spectacular snow”，主语是“他”译为“he”，“不由吟诵”做谓语，根据题干要求要用help，并且描述过
去发生的事，用一般过去时，译为“could not help chanting”，“千里冰霜，万里雪飘”译为“A hundred
leagues locked in ice. A thousand leagues of whirling snow”。故译为：Pushing the window at dawn, in the face
of this spectacular snow, he could not help chanting: “A hundred leagues locked in ice. A thousand leagues of
whirling snow.”
Ⅴ. Guided Writing
66. Directions: Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below in
Chinese.
假设你是明启中学高一学生王磊，你校英语报正向全体高一同学征文，主题为“开学以来最让我难忘的一
件事”。你对此话题很感兴趣，写一篇文章投稿。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】During the past three months in the Mingqi senior high school, I have had many unforgettable
experiences. One of the most unforgettable things was when our class prepared for a group singing competition. In
order to win the competition, we all went for it. During the week before the competition, we practised singing in our
free time. Although it was a hard job, every participant took it seriously and did their best. Thanks to our effort, we
won the first prize. Hearing the exciting news, we were all wild with joy. The movement reminded me of an old
saying—No pains, no gains. It was hard work, but during the course of preparation, we developed deep friendship,
confidence as well as understanding!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于记叙文。要求考生以“开学以来最让我难忘的一件事”为主题，向你校英语报
第 27 页 共 28 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
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投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
比赛：competition→ contest
空闲的：free→spare
消息：news→message
喜悦：joy→delight
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：In order to win the competition, we all went for it.
拓展句：We all went for it so that we could win the competition.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Hearing the exciting news, we were all wild with joy. (运用了现在分词作状语)
【高分句型2】Although it was a hard job, every participant took it seriously and did their best. (运用了Although
引导让步状语从句)
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