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《英语周报》高考二轮复习——语法项目讲解与练习
名词性从句
一、名词性从句概述
定义 在句子中起名词作用的从句
类型 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
连词 that,whether,if
连接词 连接代词 what,who,whom,whose,which,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever
连接副词 when,where,how,why
二、名词性从句要点
1. 主语从句
1）that从句位于句首时，that不能省略。如：
Thattheorymustgohandinhandwithpracticeisaprincipleweshouldalwayskeepinmind.
2）主语从句可放在句首，也可放在句尾（用it作形式主语），但后一种结构用得多一些。如：
Whoeverthoughtofthatideaisagenius.
It’sstrangethatshenevermentionedthewedding.
2. 宾语从句
1）当宾语从句后有宾语补足语时，需要用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。如：
IrememberImadeitquitecleartoyouthatIwasnotcoming.
2）当主句的主语是第一人称，且谓语为think,believe,suppose,expect等动词时，如果宾语从句表示否定意思，通
常否定前移，即否定主句的谓语。如：
Idon’tthinkthere’sacomputerstoreinthetown.
Idon’tbelievethatshe’severbeentoHongKong.
3）宾语从句亦可用作介词或形容词的宾语。如：
Shewasneversatisfiedwithwhatshehadachieved.
I’mnotsurewhenIsawherlast.
4）引导宾语从句的连词that在口语中可省略，但在下列情况中，that需保留：
a. 主、从句之间有表示时间等的状语时that不能省略，否则会产生歧义。如：
Shesaidlastnightthatshedidsomereading.
b. 主、从句之间有插入语时不可省去that。如：
Idon’tdoubt,providingtheyplaywellenough,thatourschoolteamwillwinthematch.
第 1 页 共 7 页c. 引导两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，第二个以及第二个以后的宾语从句中的that不能省略。如：
Hesaidhecouldn’ttellyourightawayandthatyouwouldn’tunderstand.
3. 表语从句
1）当主语是reason且后面的表语从句表示原因时通常用that引导；而当it，this或that作主语，后面的表语从句
表示原因时，常用because或why引导。如：
Myreasonisthatthecostwillbetoohigh.
Ihadtocatchthefirsttrain.That/This/ItwaswhyIleftsoearly.
2）表语从句还可由asif/asthough等引导。asif/asthough引导表语从句时，主句中的动词可用be,seem,appear,look,
taste,sound,feel等。如：
Shelooksasif/asthoughshehadseenaghost.
Thismeattastesasif/asthoughithasalreadygonebad.
4. 同位语从句
1）同位语从句通常由that引导，但whether,who,where等有时也可引导同位语从句。如：
Tearsfilledhereyesatthethoughtthatshemightneverseehim.
IhavenoideawhetherIshouldbuyacarornot.
Thequestionwhogoesabroadonthisbusinesstourrequiresconsideration.
2）可接同位语从句的通常是一些表示抽象意义的名词，常见的有fact,idea,belief,message,news,conclusion,decision,
doubt,hope,chance,thought等。如：
Youmustlivewiththefactthatyouarenolongerasstrongasyouwere.
3）同位语从句有时不直接跟在它所解释说明的名词后面，而是被其它成分隔开。如：
WordcamefromJimthatapowerstationwouldbebuiltheresoon.
三、引导名词性从句的连接词辨析
1.what与that
1）what引导名词性从句时不仅起连接作用，而且在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等。如：
Nooneknowswhatwillhappennext.
Whatyouneedisagoodlongvacation.
Yourmother’shealthisnotwhatitoughttobe.
Pleaseaskherwhatexperienceshehashad.
2）that引导名词性从句时只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分。
2.whether与if
1）whether引导的主语从句可位于句首或句尾，而if不能引导位于句首的主语从句。如：
第 2 页 共 7 页Whetheritwilldousharmorgoodremainstobeseen.
Itdoesn’tmakeanydifferencewhether/ifitsnowsornot.
2）whether可引导表语从句和同位语从句，if则不能。如：
Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.
Thequestionwhetherweoughttocallinaspecialistwasansweredbythefamilydoctor.
3）whether可引导介词后的宾语从句，if则不能。如：
Janehesitatedastowhethersheshouldtakeouradvice.
4）whether后可直接跟ornot，if则不能。如：
Canyoutellmewhetherornotthetrainhasleft?
3.whoever与whomever
在正式语体中，whomever 是whoever 的宾格形式；在非正式语体中，人们用whoever来代替whomever。如：
Whoeversaysthatisaliar.
Themanagersmayemploywhoever/whomevertheychoose.
4.whatever与whichever
与whatever 相比，whichever常有明确的选择范围。如：
Iamwillingtopaywhateverpriceyouask.
Whicheverofyoucomesfirstwillreceiveaprize.
高考链接
从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1.Withouthissupport,wewouldn’tbe________wearenow.
（北京2018）
A.how B.when C.where D.why
2.Thisis________myfatherhastaughtme—toalwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest.
（北京2018）
A.how B.which C.that D.what
3.Byboatistheonlywaytogethere,whichis________wearrived.
（江苏2018）
A.where B.when C.why D.how
4.Everyyear,________makesthemostbeautifulkitewillwinaprizeintheKiteFestival.
（北京2017）
第 3 页 共 7 页A.whatever B.whoever C.whomever D.whichever
5.Janemovedaimlesslydownthetree-linedstreet,notknowing________shewasheading.
（北京2017）
A.why B.where C.how D.when
6.Sheaskedme________Ihadreturnedthebookstothelibrary,andIadmittedthatIhadn’t.
（天津2017)
A.when B.where C.whether D.what
7.Themanagerputforwardasuggestion________weshouldhaveanassistant.Thereistoomuchworktodo.
（天津2016）
A.whether B.that C.which D.what
Key:
1-5CDDBB 6-7CB
名词性从句专项练习
I. 选用括号内合适的内容填空。
1.Itisapity________(which/that)Sarahwon’tbeabletoattendtheceremony.
2.Iwantedtosee________(that/why)therewassomuchnoise.
3.I’mnotsure________(if/whether)ornotwewillarrivethereontime.
4.________(Whenever/Whatever)timeyouwanttogoisfinewithme.
5. ________ (Whoever / Whomever) correctly answers the most questions in 30 seconds will get a chance to win the
$25,000prize.
6.Theboywiththeredshirtis________(what/who)Iwantonmyteam.
7.Youknow________(what/if)she’slikewhenshe’sonthephone.
8.Greenformsofenergyare________(how/what)weneedtoslowglobalwarming.
II. 用适当的连接词填空。
1.Itisvitallyimportant________theyreceiveallthehelpavailable.
2.Shehadafeelingshealreadyknew________thisconversationwasgoingtolead.
3.Doyouknow________theweatherwillbelikethedayaftertomorrow?
4.Mr.Curryrefusedtosay________hadorganisedthemeeting.However,everyoneknewitwasJim.
5.Idon’tknow________Freddidn’tlockthedoor.Maybehejustforgot.
第 4 页 共 7 页6.Shedidnotknow________sheshouldacceptthejobornot.
7.Thefocusofourworkis________wecansatisfycustomersmoreeffectively.
8.Myfriendpredicted________Iwouldreceivealotofpraiseformywork.
9.Don’trunawaywiththeidea________thisjobisgoingtobeeasy.
10.Itneveroccurredtome________Icouldhavethebooksenttome.
III. 下面各句中均有一处错误，请找出并改正。
1.Thisevidencesupportstheviewwhetherthereistoomuchviolenceontelevision. ________
2.Nomatterhowdidthiswillsoonerorlaterbecaughtandpunished. ________
3.Beforegoingtothesupermarket,Imakealistofwherewewillneedforthecomingweek.
________
4.Pleasetellmeifornotyou’reinterestedinthefilm. ________
5.Whatsomepeopleregarditasadrawbackisseenasaplusbymanyothers. ________
6. In her email was her promise what she would bring me some blueberry cookies when she returned from America.
________
7.EveryoneinDublinissofriendly,andthatisbecauseIlovethecity. ________
8.Thisisawell-knownfactthatdrugabusecanruinone’shealth. ________
IV. 根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子（每空一词）。
1.Thenews________________________________(他活着)hasbeenconfirmed.
2.________________________________________(他何时会回来)dependsmuchontheweather.
3.Icannotrelyon________________________(他说的话).
4.Iaskedhim________________________________________________________(是否他做了所有的工作)himself.
5. Many years later, they met again and found both of them were no longer ________ ________ ________ ________
________(他们过去的样子).
6.Thestudentswillasktheirteacher________________________________________(期末考试在什么时候).
V. 选用方框内合适的选项完成下面对话（有两个多余选项）。
第 5 页 共 7 页(Itisnow7:20a.m.onMonday.JohnandSusanareintheofficewaitingforLarry.Larryhasnotshownuporcalled.)
John:WhereisLarry?
Susan:Idon’tknow.
A.whereheis
John:Whendidheleavethehouse?
B.whenheleft
Susan:Ican’ttellyou1.________.Icalledhisplacefiveminutesago,but
C.howhegetshere
nooneanswered.
D.Wherethesecretaryis
John:Hemustbeonhiswaythen.Howdoeshegettotheoffice?Doeshe
E.whattimesheexpectshim
drive?
F.whatmighthavehappenedtohim
Susan:Maybe,I’veneveraskedhim2.________.
G.whyhewantedtomeetussoearly
John:Whydon’tweaskhissecretary3.________?
Susan:Noneofthesecretariesgetinbefore8:30.I’msurewe’retheonlyonesherethisearly.
John:IhopeLarry’sokay.I’mgettingkindofworriedabout4.________.
Susan:He’sprobablystuckintraffic.Itisamysterytome5.________!
VI. 用适当的连接词完成下面短文。
Anantiquecollectorwith lotsofmoneywaswalkinginthedowntownareaofacityoneday.Itwasnoticedbyhim1.
________ a cat on the sidewalk was drinking some milk from a small dish. The art collector looked again at the dish. 2.
________hesawshockedhim.Thesmalldishonthesidewalkwasextremelyold,andtheantiquedealerknewatonce3.
________itwasveryvaluable. Hewassointerested in4. ________hehadjustseenthatheimmediatelywalkedintothe
storetotalktotheowneraboutbuyingthevaluableantiquedish.However,theantiquecollectordid notwanttheowner
tosuspect5.________thedishwassovaluable,soheofferedtheownersomemoneyforthecat.Hesaid6.________he
would pay $10 for the cat, but the owner refused. The man was getting desperate, so he offered the owner a fifty-dollar
bill from his wallet. At this point, the owner could no longer refuse 7. ________ the man was offering. Then the man
quickly added, “You know ... how about including the dish, too? That cat is probably used to eating from that dish.” The
owner replied, “No, sir, I’m sorry. You may be right about the cat and the dish, but that dish is not for sale. “Why not?”
askedtheman.Theowneranswered,“Well,I’lltellyou8.________it’snotforsale.Yousee,it’smyluckydish.Sofarthis
week,I’vesoldfifteenskinnycats!”
第 6 页 共 7 页参考答案
名词性从句专项练习
I.1.that 2.why 3.whether 4.Whatever 5.Whoever 6.who 7.what 8.what
II.1.that 2.where 3.what 4.who 5.why 6.whether/if
7.how 8.that 9.that 10.that
III.1.whether→that 2.how→who 3.where→what 4.if→whether
5. 去掉it 6.what→that 7.because→why 8.This→It
IV.1.thatheisalive 2.Whenhewillbe/comeback 3.whathesays 4.whether/ifhehaddoneallthework
5.whattheyusedtobe 6.whenthefinalexamis
V.1-5BCEFG
VI.1.that 2.What 3.that 4.what 5.that 6.that 7.what 8.why
第 7 页 共 7 页
