语法知识清单及语法选择
重点语法知识分布
1.when的用法
1)疑问副词，“什么时候……?”When did Patrick get a book about the stars?
2）连词，当……时, 引导 时间状语从句It was dark when we got home. / When we got home, it was dark.
2. 过去常常做某事
3. job与work
job特指“雇佣工作”，可数名词He wants to find a job.
work指一般的工作，不可数名词I have much work for you to do.
4. 当一个动名词短语作主语时，谓语用单数；当两个或两个以上的动名词短语作主语时，那么谓语动词用
复数形式。
1）晨跑对我们的健康有好处。 in the morning is good for our health.
2）读书和看电视是非常有趣的。Reading books and watching TV are very interesting.
5.祈使句
动词原形+其他成分. Stand up.起立。
Don’t +动词原形+其他成分. 别站起来。
6.感叹句*做题小提示：1.去主谓2.有名用what；无名用how
What+(a/an)adj.+n.+主语+谓语！
What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！
What an interesting poem it is!
How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语!
How+形容词+主语+谓语！
How lucky we are!
7辨析
too...to太……以至于不能做某事
The boy is go to school.这男孩年龄太小以至于不能去上学。
not ... enough to do sth 不足够……去做某事
The boy is go to school. 这个男孩年龄不够大，不能去上学。
so ... that +从句如此……以至于……
The boy is the can’t go to school.这个男孩年龄太小以至于不能去上学。
8.辨析2
①find out指通过理解、询问等“ ”一件事情，宾语常是某种情况或事实。
②find意为“找到，发现”，强调“找”的结果，宾语常是某个丢失的东西或人。
③look for意为“寻找”，强调“寻找”的动作。
9.辨析3
学科网（北京）股份有限公司-ed结尾形容词，常译为“感到…的” He felt bored.他感到无聊。
-ing结尾形容词，常译为“令人…的” He is a boring man.他是个无趣的男人
frightened感到害怕的frightening令人害怕的tired疲倦的tiring累人的
interested感兴趣的interesting有趣的excited感受兴奋的exciting令人兴奋的
10情态动词的用法。
表示能力can（=be able to）
表示请求Can/Could(更委婉)/May(更正式) I…?
表示确定的猜测must
不确定的猜测may(用于肯定句), might(may的过去时)，can(用于疑问句)，could(can的过去时)
不可能can’t，couldn’t
表示命令must(必须)，mustn’t(禁止，不准)
表示建议can/may/had better (not) do/should
11.need的用法：
实义动词 肯定句：need to do需要做… I think we need to take a look at the rice cooker.
否定句：don’t need to 不需要做… He didn’t need to tell you the truth.
需要被做…need to be done=need The flowers need to be washed.= The flowers need
doing watering.
情态动词 情态动词： 1）否定句You needn’t hand in your homework today.
通常用于疑问句和否定句中 疑问句—Need I go home now?
—Yes, you must/have to. /--No, you needn’t/don’t have to.
12. 区别：get, take, bring
get去取来(双程) Can you get me a cup of coffee? 你能给我拿杯咖啡吗？
take拿走 This is your brother’s letter. Take it to him. 这是你哥哥的信。把它带
给他。
bring拿来 Please bring your homework here.请把作业带来。
13. look的用法
look作感官动词，“看起来像”+ adj. The mother looks sad. 那位母亲看起来
很伤心。
look作行为动词,不及物动词,常与介词搭配,构成look at看,瞧; e.g. She looks sadly at her son.，她悲伤
look up查阅(字典)；look over仔细检查；look around环顾四周 地看着儿子。
14. keep的用法
keep+sb/sth+ adj.让某人/物保持或处于某 The work us all day. 工作
种状态 让我们整天忙个不停。
keep (on) doing sth. 不断/一直做某事 The student speaking English for the whole
学科网（北京）股份有限公司morning. 那个学生整个早上一直在练习说英语。
keep sb doing sth 让某人不断做某事 Sorry to you . 抱歉让你久
等了。
keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 Please the children
=stop/prevent sb. from doing sth. swimming in the sea. 请不要让孩子们在海里游泳，那里很
危险。
15. few/ a few/ little/ a little 的区别
修饰可数名词 修饰不可数名词
少量的，有一些（表肯
定）
几乎没有（表否定）
16. 用too much / too many / too little / too few / enough / not enough 来描述修饰数量。
数量 修饰可数名词 修饰不可数名词 可数与不可数名词皆可修饰
太多富余 too many too much
太少不够 too few too little
刚好足够 (not) enough
17. 区别：
too many+可数 too much+不可数 much too + adj（形容词）
太多 太多 非常，很
注意：没有many too的表达。eg. Don’t eat too much chocolate and too many candies. They are much too
sweet.
18 .turn 的几个用法：turn on打开（开关）；turn off 关闭（开关）; turn up调大音量；turn down调小
音量；
注意：1)代词it/ them只能放在短语的中间，e.g. turn it off; turn them on;
2）turn on/off 与open/close的区别：turn on/ off 多指有“开关”的物体；open/close 指物品的打开
和闭合
19. 表示声音的几个名词： 特指人声； 噪音，杂音； 泛指
所有声音；
20. 句型：It is time (for sb.) to do sth./ It is time for sth 是时候让某人去做某事 / 是时候做某事；
e.g. 很晚了，你是时候睡觉了。It's very late. It is time for you to go to bed.
是时候休息一下了。It's time to take a break/have a rest. / It’s time for a break/rest.
21. enough的用法：位置：形前名后（形容词放在enough的前面，名词放在enough的后面）
1) adj.+ enough to后接动词原形，表示“足以(怎么样)去做某事”的意思。
e.g. 我认为你够高，可以够得到架子的顶部。 I think you are tall enough to reach the top of the shelf.
2) enough + 可数名词复数 / 不可数名词，表示“足够某物”
学科网（北京）股份有限公司e.g. 我有足够的钱去买苹果。I have enough money to buy apples.
22. 表示倍数的表达形式：
1）倍数+ as + adj.原型 + as…，中文意思:“是……的……倍”;
2) 倍数+ 比较级 + than…,中文意思:“比……的高/大/富/帅/……倍”
My house is three times as big as yours. 我的房子是你的三倍=My house is twice bigger than yours.我的房
子比你的大两倍。
23There be 句型：There is +可数名词单数或不可数名词 There are + 可数名词复数
表示某地有某人或某物,遵循就近原则。
eg.桌上有一杯茶和两本书。
There is a cup of tea and two books on the desk.
There are two books and a cup of tea on the desk.
24. provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物
The sun provides us with energy. = The sun provides energy for us.太阳为我们提供能量。
25stop doing停止做某事; stop to do 停下来，做另一件事; stop sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事
When the bell rings, we should stop talking. 上课铃响时，我们要停止讲话。
I was so tired that I stopped to have a rest.我很累以至于我停下来休息。
26. 区别 take part in, attend, join, join in
1）take part in 指参与活动，并角逐奖项，或作为活动组成的重要成员；
eg. I took part in the sport meeting this week. 我（作为运动员）参加了运动会。
2）attend 指参加会议或仪式、婚礼、葬礼、典礼、上课、上学、听报告等,常常最为观礼者，听课人;
attend the meeting（与会，但不是发言那个人）；attend the wedding(去婚礼观礼，但不是新郎新娘)
3）join 指加入某个组织或团体，成为其成员之一(=be a member of)，如参军、入团、入党等。
I join the army. = I am a member of the army (now).
4）join in 指参加比赛或活动等，常用于口语（=take part in）。表示“加入到某些人的行列并一起从事某
种活动”时用 join sb. in sth.。
27. sometimes, some times, some time, sometime 区别
1）sometimes （表频率） 2）some times 3）some time “一些时间”或
“一段时间”
4）sometime“某个时候”（过去或未来某个不确切/不具体的时间)
28特殊疑问词
how often多久一次；how long多长(时间/长度)，how far多远(距离)；how soon多久…才…(常用于将来时)
— do you eat out? —Once or twice a month.
— is the ruler? —50 centimeters.
— have you been in China? —For about one and a half years.
— r is it from you home to school? —It’s about 15 minutes’ drive.
— will you be back? I’ll miss you. —Don’t worry. I’ll be back in 3 days.
③how many+可数名词；how much+不可数名词
学科网（北京）股份有限公司29.a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an用于以元音音素开头的单词前(因素即音标,不是字母)；
eg. an hour/auər/ an X/eks/ a one/wʌn/-hour lesson a umbrella /ʌm’brelə/
名校真题精练
一
广州市白云区2020-2021
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从下列各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出
最佳选项。
One night, a man went to rob(盗窃) a house. The robber found ___6___ fine clothes in the house, When he
left, ___7___ old man came in. The old man didn’t say ___8___ and helped him carry the clothes. “He must be a
robber, ___9___.” the man thought. The clothes were heavy. The old man got tired soon. The robber was very angry
___10___ him. When they got to the robber’s house, the robber gave the old man some of the clothes and asked
him ___11___ away. The old man gave the clothes back to the robber. He said, “These clothes are mine. You must
be very poor, ___12___ you robbed my house. Please keep all the clothes.
If you want more, you ___13___ come and see me again.” The robber was very ___14___ that the old man
was so kind. He thanked the old man very much. And he told the old man he was very sorry too.
After that, the robber became a new man. He stopped ____15____ bad things. He worked hard and lived a
good life.
6. A. much B. many C. little D. a little
7. A. / B. the C. an D. a
8. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything
9 A. neither B. either C. also D. too
10. A. to B. for C. with D. on
11. A. to go B. goes C. go D. going
12 A. but B. or C. so D. and
13. A. must B. need C. should D. can
14. A. surprised B. surprising C. surprises D. surprise
15. A. to do B. doing C. does D. do
二
2020-2021广州市番禺区
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从后面各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出
最佳选项。
Mulin is a small boy from Hubei. He is an unlucky boy. His parents divorced (离婚) when he was two years
old. He lived with his father and grandmother. At the age of 5, his father died of heart disease (心脏病), there
____21____ something wrong with his grandmother’s head. He looked after his grandmother well. At the same
time, he got good grades at school. When he was ten, he took his grandmother to see a doctor in Wuhan with some
people’s help. They lived in Wuhan for a month. He had ____22____ time to go out because he had to look after his
grandmother.
学科网（北京）股份有限公司He called himself a “Sunshine Boy”. He looked happy every day. ____23____ when the reporter asked him if
he was really so happy, he said he wasn’t. He didn’t want to show ____24____ unhappiness to his grandmother. He
told the reporter that when he was unhappy, he wrote the unhappy things ____25____ a piece of paper and made a
model plane with the paper. When the plane flew away, he felt happy again.
____26____ the reporter asked him if he felt sorry to miss so many lessons because of ____27____ in Wuhan,
he said he could learn the lessons later, but if his grandmother missed the best time to see a doctor ____28____ to
get the health back.
____29____ the boy is! We should ______30______ from him.
21. A. is B. was C. has D. had
22. A. a few B. few C. a little D. little
23. A. And B. But C. So D. Or
24. A. his B. him C. he D. himself
25. A. in B. with C. on D. to
26. A. If B. Though C. When D. Because
27. A. stay B. staying C. stays D. stayed
28. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing
29. A. How a good B. What a good C. What good D. How good
30. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learned
三
2020-2021广州市海珠区
一、语法选择（共两部分，15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面两篇短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出
最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
(A)
My Dad
He comes home, has a shower,
And eats dinner, every day.
Now, he ___1___ in his favourite chair,
___2___ tired to laugh or play.
He reads his book or newspaper,
To learn what’s new today.
Soon he’ll go to bed.
He’s a boring man, my dad.
Then I see him ___3___,
On the building site.
He’s high up in the clouds,
Higher than a kite.
学科网（北京）股份有限公司He’s walking ___4___ a narrow piece of wood,
Not worried about the height,
Not afraid, not afraid like me.
He’s ___5___ superman, my dad.
1. A. sits B. sat C. will sit D. is sitting
2. A. So B. Too C. Such D. Very
3. A. works B. worked C. working D. to work
4. A. on B. above C. below D. under
5. A. / B. a C. an D. the
(B)
When I was nine years old, I found an advertisement for selling greeting cards in the back of a children’s
magazine. I thought to ___6___ that I could do this. I asked my mother to let me send for the box. Two weeks later
___7___ the box arrived, I opened the box, got the cards ___8___ rushed out of the house. Three hours later, I
returned home ___9___ no card and a pocket full of money shouting, “Mama, all the people couldn’t wait to buy
my cards!” A seller was born.
When I was twelve years old, my father took me to see Tony Green. I remembered sitting in that dark hall and
listening to Mr. Green cheer everybody up. After the speech, I told dad, “I feel that I ___10___ do everything.”
When we got to the car, I turned to my father and said, “Dad, I want to make people feel like that.” My father asked
me what I meant. “I want to be an encouraging speaker just like Mr. Green,” I replied. A dream was born.
Recently I began following my dream of encouraging ___11___. I left ___12___ company where I worked for
4 years. ___13___ people were surprised why I would leave after earning much money. And they asked why I
would do everything for a dream. I loved my old job, my friends and the company I left, but ___14___ was time to
get on with my dream.
When I kept working hard on my dream, even during the hard times, the amazing and wonderful things really
began to happen. Just as the saying goes, “The world always ___15___ way for the dreamer.”
6. A. I B. me C. my D. myself
7. A. if B. when C. though D. because
8. A. or B. so C. and D. but
9. A. on B. in C. with D. without
10. A. can B. may C. must D. should
11. A. other B. others C. another D. the other
12. A. / B. a C. an D. the
13. A. Much B. Many C. A lot D. A little
14. A. it B. I C. this D. that
15. A. make B. made C. makes D. is making
四
2020-2021广州市花都区
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从后面各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出
学科网（北京）股份有限公司最佳选项。
One day, two friends were walking together. Suddenly, one of them found a lost wallet ___6___ the road and
picked it up.
“Oh, ___7___ a lucky day for me!” he said. “I have found a wallet with ___8___ money inside.”
“Don’t say ‘I have found a wallet! ___9___ ‘we have found a wallet and how lucky we are’. Friends ___10___
share the fortunes (幸运) and misfortunes all the time.”
“No, no.” the man said. “I found the wallet first, so I am going to keep ___11___ for myself. ”
___12___ the two men were arguing (争吵), they heard someone shouting, “Stop, thief! Catch ___13___
thief!” When the men looked behind ___14___, they saw a group of people coming down the road ____15____.
The man with the wallet ____16____ into fear.
“We will be in trouble ____17____ they find the wallet with us,” he said.
“No, no, ” said ____18____ .“You did not say ‘we’ before when you had to share your fortune, ____19____
now keep your ‘I’. Say ‘I am in trouble’. Don’t try to share your misfortune now when you were not ready to
share your fortune earlier. Remember: it is important for friends ____20____ both fortunes and misfortunes.”
6. A. on B. in C. over D. under
7. A. how B. what C. when D. why
8. A. little B. a few C. some D. many
9. A. To say B. Saying C. Say D. Sayed
10. A. may B. could C. might D. should
11. A. it B. itself C. it’s D. its
12. A. Before B. After C. Until D. When
13. A. a B. an C. the D. /
14. A. himself B. themselves C. yourselves D. ourselves
15. A. angry B. anger C. angrier D. angrily
16. A. falls B. fell C. will fall D. is falling
17. A. if B. unless C. though D. because
18. A. other B. the other C. others D. the others
19. A. so B. and C. but D. or
20. A. share B. sharing C. to share D. shared
五
2020-2021广州市黄埔区
阅读下面短文, 按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求, 选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When I was in primary school, I fell in love with reading. The books made me ___11___ a wonderful world.
The more I read, the more I wanted to know. But there are not so many books in my house ___12___ my parents
didn’t have enough money. So I had to solve（解决）the problem ___13___.
There was a bookshop near my home. One day, I walked into ___14___ shop and picked up a book. I didn’t
know if I could read there without ___15___ any books. So I just read ___16___ pages and then put it back.
Luckily, no one paid attention to me. After that, I went there to read every day. Several days later, ___17___ I was
学科网（北京）股份有限公司reading, the owner came up and asked, “You like reading?” I looked at him and felt nervous, he said with a smile,
“You ___18___ read books here if you help me clean the shop.” I felt quite surprised, “Really? It’s so kind of
you！” ___19___ happy I was！
Now I ____20____ in a junior high school. I can borrow books from the school library. Reading is still my
hobby. It will make a big difference to my future life.
11. A. feel B. feels C. felt D. feeling
12 A. if B. but C. because D. so
13. A. my B. myself C. me D. mine
14. A. the B. a C. an D. /
15. A. to buy B. bought C. buys D. buying
16. A. a little B. little C. a few D. fewer
17. A. when B. so C. and D. but
18. A. must B. may C. can't D. should
19. A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
20. A. studying B. studies C. studied D. am studying
六
2020-2021广州市南沙区
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C 和D项中选出最佳
选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Trees are really important in our daily life. They keep the air cool and ____6____. Trees help reduce noise
pollution ____7____ make cities beautiful. Trees keep the Earth from ____8____ too hot to live on.
Trees let us live more conveniently. ____9____ things in our daily life come from trees, such as paper, pencils
and so on. Besides, a lot of furniture ____10____ wood. Trees give us shade, ____11____. On a hot summer day,
people can ____12____ a good rest under the shade of a tree after they walk a long way or feel tired.
Trees help us in many ways. But people cut down ____13____ trees every year. We burn wood for fire. We
need more lands to do ____14____ things like building, growing food and keeping animals.
We really need a world full of trees. ____15____ cutting down trees if we don’t want a world without them.
6. A. clean B. cleanly C. cleaner D. cleanest
7. A. but B. and C. so D. or
8. A. become B. becomes C. became D. becoming
9. A. A few B. A little C. Many D. Much
10. A. is made from B. is made of C. are made from D. are made of
11. A. also B. either C. too D. as well
12. A. have B. has C. having D. had
13. A. million of B. millions of C. two millions D. two million of
14. A. other B. another C. the other D. others
15. A. To stop B. Stops C. Stopping D. Stop
七
学科网（北京）股份有限公司2020-2021广州市越秀区
语法选择（共10个空格, 每个空格1分, 满分10分）
In early 2020, a serious disease called COVID-19 broke out and quickly spread around the world. ____21____
people got infected（感染）and many lost their lives. Doctors and nurses worked day and night, trying their best
____22____ sick people. Dr. Zhong Nanshan is over 80 years old, ____23____ he still worked hard on the
frontline. He helped us fight ____24____ the disease. He is ____25____ brave and hard-working that he won
people’s respect and became one of the ____26____ doctors in China. Many doctors and nurses like him are
considered heroes.
Heroes came from ordinary people, too. At that time, most of the people ____27____ at home but some of
them wanted to go out and help. Some helped in hospitals as volunteers. Some drove on the roads all day delivering
things people needed. ____28____ worked online to help people as well. They helped people around them without
____29____ for anything in return.
During _____30_____ hard time, all Chinese people united and worked together for a better future. With the
help of all these heroes, China is full of hope and happiness.
21. A. Million B. Million of C. Millions D. Millions of
22. A. saving B. to save C. save D. saved
23. A. and B. however C. but D. so
24. A. with B. against C. back D. for
25. A. very B. such C. so D. too
26. A. great B. greater C. greatly D. greatest
27. A. stayed B. stays C. staying D. stay
28. A. Other B. Others C. The other D. Another
29. A. ask B. asked C. asking D. to ask
30. A. the B. a C. an D. /
八
2020-2021广州市白云区
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从下列各题所给的 A、B、C和D项中选出
最佳选项。
One night，a man went to rob（盗窃） a house.The robber found （1） fine clothes in the
house.When he left， （2） old man came in.The old man didn't say （3） and helped him carry
the clothes. "He must be a robber，（4） ." the man thought.The clothes were heavy.The old man got tired
soon.The robber was very angry （5） him.When they got to the robber's house，the robber gave the old
man some of the clothes and asked him（6） away.The old man gave the clothes back to the robber.He
said， "These clothes are mine.You must be very poor，（7） you robbed my house.Please keep all the
clothes
If you want more，you （8） come and see me again." The robber was very （9） that the
old man was so kind.He thanked the old man very much.And he told the old man he was very sorry too.
After that，the robber became a new man.He stopped（10） bad things.He worked hand and lived a
学科网（北京）股份有限公司good life.
（1）A.much B.many C.little D.a little
（2）A. / B.the C.an D.a
（3）A.anything B.something C.nothing D.everything
（4）A.neither B.either C.also D.too
（5）A.to B.for C.with D.on
（6）A.to go B.goes C.go D.going
（7）A.but B.or C.so D.and
（8）A.must B.need C.should D.can
（9）A.surprised B.surprising C.surprises D.surprise
（10）A.to do B.doing C.does D.do
学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司
