04 时态、语态和主谓一致考查要点及应对策略
【考点精析】
考点1一般时态
1.一般现在时(do/does; am/is/are)
(1)表示经常发生的、习惯性的、反复出现的动作或状态。常与表示习惯的副词(词组)always, every time,
now and then, occasionally, often, seldom,
sometimes, usually, every day/night等连用。
(2)按时间表、时刻表、日程表等安排将要发生的动作,用一般现在时。只限于go, arrive, leave, start, stay,
return, begin, come等动词。
(3)表示普遍真理。
(4)用在时间、条件或让步状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来。
He plays basketball every day.
The film starts at two o’clock.
The earth goes round the sun.
If you look at all sides of the situation, you’ll probably find a solution that suits everyone.
2.一般过去时(did; was/were)
(1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。
(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout
Partner”.
(2)表示过去的习惯性动作。
注意：used to do表示“过去常常做……”
We used to go there every year.
We often played together when we were children.
—Haven’t seen you for ages! Where have you been?
—I went to Ningxia and stayed there for three years, teaching as a volunteer.
考点2进行时态
1.现在进行时(am/is/are doing)
(1)表示说话时正在进行或表示现阶段正在进行的动作,虽然此时此刻该动作不一定正在进行。
(2)表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作,常用的这类动词有go, come, leave, start, arrive, return, work, sleep,
stay, have, wear等。
(3)表示说话人现在对主语的行为表示赞叹或厌恶等(常与always, constantly, continually等副词连用)。
He is listening to a tape, but he can’t hear it clearly.He is leaving tomorrow to play his first match.
We are always finding new beauties in Shakespeare’s poetry.
2.过去进行时(was/were doing)
(1)表示在过去具体的时间正在发生的动作或者表示过去某个时间段内一直在发生的事情。常同表示过去
的时间状语从句以及at that time, at that moment, at this time yesterday, at ten o’clock yesterday等短语连用。
(2)过去进行时可以表示过去将来的含义。
(3)过去进行时和频度副词连用可以表示说话者或褒义或贬义的感情色彩。
We were playing football at this time yesterday afternoon.
Susan had quit her well-paid job and was working as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last
year.
She was always arguing with him and fighting with him.
3.将来进行时(will/shall be doing)
表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作,或表示要从将来某一时刻开始,并继续下去的动作。
常见的标志性的时间状语有this time tomorrow, from 1:30 p.m. to 4:30 p.m., the day after tomorrow等。
I will be discussing the situation with my colleagues this time tomorrow.
考点3将来时态
1.一般将来时(will/shall do)
(1)“shall/will+动词原形”表示现在看来以后要发生的动作或存在的状态。“will+动词原形”还可以表示
说话时临时做出的决定。
(2)“be going to+动词原形”表示:①现在打算或计划将来要做的事情;②根据某种迹象认为在最近或将来要
发生的事情。
(3)“be to+动词原形”表示:①预先安排好的计划或约定;②说话人的意志、意图、义务、命令等;③注定要
发生的事情。
(4)“be about to+动词原形”表示正要或即将要做某事,该结构不与表示具体的将来时间状语连用。
We shall be punished if we break the rule.
My daughter is going to work next year.
They are to attempt to be the first to circle the Earth non-stop by balloon.
Will you kindly obey the instructions I am about to give?
2.过去将来时
过去将来时表示在过去某个时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态,即过去将来时是“立足过去, 着眼未
来”的一种时态, 常用于宾语从句中。
They said they would give the police their full cooperation.
注意：除“should/would+动词原形”外(第一人称通常用should,其他人称通常用would),过去将来时还有以下常见表达方式: was/were going to do, was/were about to do, was/were to do,但是表示过去的某种习惯性动
作时,常用would do/used to do。
I had a feeling you were going to have difficulty doing this.
He was about to offer an explanation to the police.
考点4完成时态
1.现在完成时(have/has done)
(1)表示发生在过去而对现在仍有影响的动作,常用的时间状语:already, just, yet, never, before, lately, recently,
in the last/past few years, up to now, so far等。
(2)表示从过去某时开始而延续至今的动作或状态,常与for, since等引导的表示一段时间的状语连用。
(3)在条件、时间、让步状语从句中,表示将来某时间前已完成的动作。
(4)This/It is the first/second... time+that从句,that从句中谓语动词要用现在完成时。
(5)It(This) is the best(worst, most interesting等)+名词+定语从句,从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时。
China’s high-speed railways have grown rapidly in the past few years.
(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten
years.
I won’t pay you until you have finished this job.
This is the first time I have left my country and set foot on foreign soil.
2.过去完成时(had done)
(1)表示在过去某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态,即过去的过去。
(2)表示从过去某一时间开始,一直延续到过去的另一时间的动作,常用的时间状语:by then, by that time, by
the end of, by the time+句子等。
(3)表示“愿望,打算”的动词(如hope, want, expect, think, mean, suppose, plan, intend)用于过去完成时,表示
过去本打算实现而未实现的希望或计划。
(4)在“hardly(scarcely)...when...” “no sooner...than...” 句型中, 主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时,意为
“一……就……”。
By that time, I had already made the decision to leave.
I had hoped to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn’t manage it.
We had no sooner had supper than we began to repair the machine.
考点5完成进行时
现在完成进行时(have/has been doing)
(1)表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在并且还要继续下去的动作。
We have been waiting for him for two hours.
(2)表示到目前为止的一段时间里一直反复进行的动作。(2020·天津高考)—You are a great swimmer.
—Thanks. It’s because I have been practising a lot these days.
考点6被动语态
被动语态的构成为“be+过去分词”,只要变换be的形式就可以得到不同时态的被动语态。除be外,被
动语态的构成形式还有“get/become+过去分词”。
只有及物动词或相当于及物动词的短语才有被动语态,不及物动词或短语无被动语态。常考的不及物
动词或短语:last, cost, spread, happen(to), take place, belong to, break out, go out, run out, work out。
1.被动语态的构成(以do为例)
类别 现在 过去 将来 过去将来
would/
am/is/ was/were will/shall
一般 should
are done done be done
be done
am/is/are was/were
进行 — —
being done being done
will/shall would/should
have/has had been
完成 have been have been
been done done
done done
2.使用被动语态时应注意的几个问题
(1)主动变为被动时双宾语的变化。
The reporters asked the president some questions.
→The president was asked some questions by the reporters.
→Some questions were asked the president by the reporters.
(2)主动变为被动时,宾语成主语;(作补语的)不定式前需加to(位置不变)。
I heard him say good-bye to his friends.
→He was heard to say good-bye to his friends.
(3)动词短语变被动语态时,勿掉“尾巴”。
This dictionary must be taken good care of.
(4)情态动词,be going to, be to, be sure to等结构变为被动语态时,只需将它们后面的动词原形变为“be+过去
分词”。
This book may not be taken out of the reading room.
(5)“get+过去分词”构成的表示被动的短语get paid/lost/hurt等。
They get paid twice as much as I do, but the job is exactly the same as mine.
No matter how well you know Paris, it is easy to get lost.
3.主动形式表示被动含义(1)表示感受、感官的系动词,如feel, sound, taste, look等,后面跟形容词、名词构成系表结构,常常以主动形
式表示被动意义,指其本身具有的属性、特征等。
(2)当sell, read, draw, wash, write, open, wear, run, burn等不及物动词后有状语(well/easily等)修饰,用来表示
主语内在的品质或性能时,用主动形式表示被动含义。
The music isn’t pleasant to listen to.
This kind of radio doesn’t sell well.
考点7主谓一致
1.语法一致原则
主语的单复数决定了谓语动词的单复数。
(1)动名词、动词不定式、从句、不定代词作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。
Serving the people is my great happiness.
Whether we’ll go depends on the weather.
注意：what引导的从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式,但如果从句表示复数意义,则谓语动词用复数形
式。
What lies at the root of his troubles is a sense of insecurity.
What the school needs are qualified teachers.
(2)主语后有with, together with, along with, except, besides, as well as等加名词或代词构成短语时,谓语动词
的数要与前面的主语保持一致。
Amy, as well as her brothers, was given a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.
(3)and, both...and...连接两个不同的主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;但是如果由and连接的两个名词表示同一
个人或物,谓语动词用单数形式。
Both you and I are students.
The singer and dancer is said to perform in our school on May Day.
(4)定语从句中关系代词作主语时,从句中的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。
He is one of the men who were chosen to represent the group.
He is the only one of those boys who is willing to take on another assignment.
2.意义一致原则
意义一致原则指不管主语的形式是单数还是复数,主语的意义决定了谓语动词的单复数。
(1)集体名词作主语时,若被看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式;若被看作构成集体的一个个成员,谓语动词
用复数形式。常见的集体名词有family, class, team, group, public, committee, government, audience等。
His audience consists mainly of young people.
The audience were clapping for over ten minutes.
(2)“分数/百分数/the majority+of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数以及其表示的意义;all, some, half, most, the rest等作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于主语实际表达的意义。
Two-thirds of the people present are against the plan.
The majority of the damage is easy to repair.
(3)“the+形容词”表示一类人,在句中作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
The old are more likely to catch a cold than the young.
(4)表示时间、距离、重量、金额等的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式。
Four thousand dollars is quite a lot of money for a boy.
3.就近一致原则
就近一致原则指谓语动词的单复数形式取决于离它最近的主语的单复数。
(1)由or, either...or..., neither...nor..., not only... but also...,not... but...等连接的词语作主语,谓语动词的数常与最
近的主语保持一致。
Either you or Paul is responsible for this thing.
Not only you but also your sister is lovely.
(2)由there, here引起的主语不止一个时,谓语动词的数通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。
There are twenty boy students and twenty-three girl students in the class.
Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper for you.
特别提示：
语法填空题考法
1.明晰高考考查类型
动词的时态和语态题, 大致可分为以下三种类型: 一是题干中提供时间状语, 考生可直接根据所给的时间
状语得出答案。二是提供的时间状语有较强的干扰性和迷惑性, 考生不能直接据此进行答题。三是题干中
不提供任何时间状语, 而是给出一个上下文情景或一个结构较为复杂的句子, 考生必须仔细分析语境, 才
能得出最佳答案。
2.掌握独特的时间状语标志
(1)看到always, often, seldom, sometimes, usually 等要想到用一般现在时;
(2)看到yesterday, last night, a few days ago, the other day等要想到用一般过去时;
(3)看到since, so far, up to now, in the last/ past few years等要想到用现在完成时。
注意: 如果题干中没有时间标志词, 而是有两个或两个以上的谓语动词, 这时我们应该将动词动作发生的
时间进行比较, 依据动作发生的时间先后, 确定正确的时态。
3.熟记固定句型中的时态
(1)be doing...when..., 主句常用过去进行时, 从句常用一般过去时;
(2)It is/has been+时间段+since...表示“自从……以来已经……”, 主句用现在完成时或一般现在时, 从句用
一般过去时;(3)祈使句+and/or+陈述句, 陈述句常用一般将来时。
4.分清主动被动, 辨析语态
看到动词为及物动词, 后面缺少宾语,要想到用被动语态。
【真题演练】
1.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)He quickly threw (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.
2.(2022·浙江高考)When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa”, he noticed(notice) her smile
right away.
3.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Henry was fixing(fix) his car when he heard the screams.
4.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting (wait) for you at
the gym.”
5.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)I was turning(turn) the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn
caused the spare pages to fall off the stand.
6.(2022·全国甲卷)In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it
will be(be) another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes.
7.(2022·北京高考)The use of those plastics has increased(increase) by 300% since 2019.
8.(2022·全国甲卷)Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, has had(have) a deep love for travel.
9.(2022·全国乙卷)The girls had gone(go) to Smith College. They wore expensive clothes.
10.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)People have been bringing(bring) their children in to see the hens and residents come and
sit outside to watch them.
11.(2021·全国乙卷)People have been pouring(pour) into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece.
12.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The GPNP is designed(design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the
authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological
buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations”.
13.(2021·全国甲卷)The Xi’an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China’s long history. It
was built(build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复) .
14.(2022·浙江高考)But how can a painting be appreciated(appreciate) by someone who’s blind?
15.(2022·全国乙卷)The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society addressed(address) the opening
ceremony.
16.(2022·全国甲卷)The New Theatre has been (be) the home of quality drama, musicals, dance and children’s
shows for more than 100 years.
17.(2022·北京高考)Eventually, the man caught (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet!【考点精练】
一、完成句子
1. 我不会把他说的当回事，他只是自吹自擂罢了。
I wouldn’t take seriously; he was only bragging.
2. 另外一方面我重点强调的是视觉特效。
Another aspect I is visual special effect.
3. 他昨天确实撒了谎，说他遇到了交通堵塞。
He a lie yesterday, saying that he met with a traffic jam.
4. 这次考试你犯了这么多错误，真是太粗心了。（it作形式主语）
in the exam.
5. His son a key university.
他的儿子已经被一所重点大学录取了
6. 第二天他们的马匹和货物被归还给了他们。
The following day their horses and goods them.
7. 随着社会的发展，我们似乎正在失去很多传统。
With the development of society, a lot of tradition.(seem that)
8. 首先我不得不说清楚，所有的演讲将限定在十分钟内。
At first I have to make it clear that all speeches 10 minutes.
9. A large crowd of reporters outside the Prime Minister’s house.
一大群记者聚集在首相府前。
10. 旧电扇坏了，所以我们得买个新的。
The old electric fan , so we needed to buy a new one.
11. 乔丹说，他成功的秘诀在于吸取自己失败的教训。(句型公式：the secret to sth is...某事(物)的秘诀
是……)
Jordan says that learning from his failures.
12. 目前我们还没有其他行星上存在生命的证据。
At present we of life on other planets.
13. 比如，芭蕾舞表演十分吸引人以至于观众在舞蹈结束时为它鼓掌。(ballet, so. . . that. , appealing,
applaud)
For example, the was the audience it at the end of the dance.
14. 他一直看着她，想知道以前是否在哪里见过她。
He kept looking at her, wondering somewhere before.
15. 这辆新车给他们添了很多麻烦，这使他们很生气。(根据汉语提示完成句子)They are the new car, which makes them angry.
16. That was .
那就是他考试不及格的原因。
17. 当今许多专家专心致志研究孔子哲学。
Nowadays many experts studying Confucius philosophy.
18. 警察问登山者为什么在遇到危险时他们延迟发出求救信息。 (delay, send)
The policeman asked the climbers SOS messages when in danger.
19. Two thirds of the island , 70% of which in the past 20 years.
这个岛屿的三分之二被果树覆盖，其中70%的果树是过去20年栽种的。
20. 确保每个人都能使用互联网是非常重要的。(access)
It is highly important to make sure that .
21. Peter because he has just left home.
彼得很可能迟到，因为他才刚刚出门。
22. She on the ground.
她发现地上有一个钱包。
23. 科学家说可能还需要5-6年的时间才会把这种药用于人体测试。
Scientists say it may be five or six years it possible to test this medicine on human patients.
24. 男孩们和女孩们正在装饰教室。
The classrooms by the boys and girls.
25. 由于她是新来的，所以她可能需要一些帮助。
, she may need some help.
26. 那个在沙漠中迷路的人非常需要水。
The man lost in the desert water.
27. My father me to the park frequently when I was a little boy.
当我还是小孩子的时候，我爸爸常常会带我去公园。
28. 他起床晚了，结果导致今天早上上学迟到了。
He got up late, which his being late for school this morning.
29. 听到非洲有很多人饿死了我感到很惊讶。
I’m much surprised to hear that too many people in Africa.
30. 这个项目是为穷人设计的。
The project the poor.
31. 收拾好行李和书籍后,我们去承德避暑山庄。
Having packed up our luggage and books,we our way to Chengde Mountain Resort.32. 尽管英语难学，但他从未放弃学习英语。
though it was difficult.
33. 如果你对该活动感兴趣，请联系我们。
Please .
二、用单词的适当形式完成句子
34. Travel (broad) your mind and leaves you good memories.
35. If nothing (do), the oceans will turn into fish deserts.
36. The man got (poisonous) after drinking the water in the bottle.
37. He (do) his homework when the power was out.
38. A presidential election (schedule) for last December.
39. I (do) telephone you last night.
40. He (work) in that company since he left school five years ago.
41. In response to the message received and decoded, the receiver sends an encoded message back, which
(refer ) to as feedback.
42. A talk on Chinese history (give) in the school hall next week.
43. For the past few months, we (interview) and filming young players about their interest in
basketball.
44. Playing with smartphones or tablets too long (harm) people’s health and prevent them from
concentrating on their work, he added.
45. Bob wants to buy that kind of ball pen because he has been told it (write) smoothly.
46. The church tower which （restore）will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.
47. Using a computer, a photo can easily (transform) into a greeting card.
48. I thought it (rain) soon.
49. It is strongly recommended that the machines (check) every year.
50. While you were writing letters, I (read) a book.
51. Here he is! We (wait) anxiously for him since last night.
52. Magic, the miniature horse, (win) many awards for her work so far.
53. The kid (punish) by his mother when the father came back.
54. The police (observe) the man enter the bank yesterday.
55. The city will be placed on the list of World Heritage In Danger, joining Aleppo which (destroy) by
the war in Syria years ago.
56. The council (carry)out road repairs over the next two days.
57. It is in this factory my father worked 10 years ago.58. She asked me I would go the movie with her the next day.
59. Tom is not good at French, nor Tim.
60. The collection has been built over the last seventeen years. (用适当的词填空)
61. Whenever we had trouble, he (come)to help us.
62. Mr. Lim （reach）his office an hour ago, but he still hasn't started working.
63. Who (teach) by our English teacher at present?
64. We (have) supper when the phone rang.
65. Though the first suggestion (reject) by his boss, Tom still worked hard and came up with a better
one finally.
三、单项选择
66. In the last two years, the program ________ thousands of children who would otherwise have died.
A. is saving B. saves C. had saved D. has saved
67. — The water was left running all night long.
— Yes. It seemed that John . He was the last one to leave the lab.
A. was to be blamed B. was to blame
C. had been blamed D. should be blamed
68. Don’t worry. It will be a bit difficult the first time you _______ the children. Soon you will find it much
easier.
A. will teach B. have taught C. teach D. taught
69. I didn’t answer his phone call because I had put my mobile phone to mute. When I ________ his call, he just
called in again.
A. returned B. was to return C. was returning D. would return
70. The project to developing the economy and reducing poverty when it is completed.
A. has contributed B. had been contributed
C. will contribute D. is contribute
71. I'm sure that stricter rules to control cigarette smoking very soon.
A. made B. will make C. were made D. will be made
72. Will AIDS patients ______ the new drug and be cured eventually?
A. benefited B. benefit
C. benefit from D. beneficial to
73. According to the record, his sister left home in 2020, and ________since.
A. had not been heard of B. has not been heard of
C. had not heard of D. has not heard of74. A teacher of English and class teacher _______ us something about volunteer workers.
A. are telling B. is telling
C. are given D. were given
75. Mr. Green stood up in defence of the 16-year old boy，_________ that he was not the one ____________.
A. said; blamed B. saying; to blame C. to say; to be blamed D. saying; blaming
76. I don’t think she noticed the headmaster just at that moment, for she _______ the game on her cellphone.
A. played B. was playing
C. is playing D. has been playing
77. —How often ________ your school sports meeting _______?
—Once a year.
A. does; hold B. was; hold C. is; held D. did; hold
78. I have to draw some money from the bank before our money ________ .
A. runs out of B. is run out C. runs out D. runs up
79. China is becoming stronger and stronger and _________ an important role on the international stage in recent
years.
A. plays B. was playing C. played D. has been playing
80. ﹣Hi,Jack. Let's go skating.
﹣Wait a minute, Johnson. I my homework in ten minutes.
A. finish B. finished
C. have finished D. am finishing
81. By the end of 2015, he __________in NBA for 14 years.
A. plays B. played C. has played D. had played
82. A fork and knife ________ on the table.
A. is B. are C. am D. were
83. Mr. Smith let off upon me the speech he_______ to make all along.
A. had died B. died
C. was dying D. had been dying
84. —Your sister _________ almost all her spare time to studying when she was in high school.
—That’s right, or she _________ great success in the College Entrance Examination.
A. devoted; wouldn’t have achieved
B. spent; wouldn’t have achieved
C. devoted; hadn’t achieved
D. hadn’t spent; couldn’t achieve85. — Could you pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
— I hope to, but I’m afraid I ________ a very important meeting then.
A. will be attending B. am attending
C. was attending D. will have attended
86. I left school in 2007, and since then I _______ in Los Angeles.
A. lived B. had lived C. lives D. have lived
87. —Why do you look so worried?
—An earthquake broke out in Jiujiang. The whole research ______ uncompleted since.
A. has been left B. left C. was left D. has left
88. The world _____ . Things never stay the same.
A. had changed B. is changing
C. was changing D. will change
89. —You didn’t wait for Mr. Smith last night, did you?
—No, but we ______. He didn’t return home at all.
A. needn’t have waited
B. couldn’t have waited
C. didn’t need to
D. should wait
90. —Why do children hang stockings over the fireplace for presents?
—As the story goes, to help a poor family, Father Christmas threw a small bag of gold down the chimney and it
fell into a stocking that ___________up to dry over the fireplace.
A. hung B. had hung
C. was hanging D. was hanged
91. I thought it hard to complete the project at first, but I______my mind.
A. change B. have changed
C. had changed D. would change
92. I feel it an honor______ to speak here.
A. to be asked B. to ask
C. having asked D. asked
93. Not until I warned him focus his attention on his homework.
A. does little John B. did little John
C. little John does D. little John did
94. Kate ________ by the teacher for she had made an excellent contribution to group discussion.A. praised B. was praised
C. has praised D. has been praised
95. --- I thought I asked you to fix the radio.
--- Oh, I’m sorry. I forgot, Madam. I ______ it right away.
A. am to do B. will do C. was about to do D. am going to do
96. ---Why didn’t you go to yesterday’s meeting?
---I would have but I ______ too busy working on the important experiment.
A. had been B. was C. were D. am
97. I’m sure you’ll do well in the exam because you ________ so hard this year.
A. studied B. had studied C. have been studying D. had been studying
98. That piece of music sounds quite familiar. Who ________ the piano upstairs?
A. has played B. played
C. plays D. is playing
99. By the time she ______in the gymnastics tournament at the New York Goodwill Games, she ______ a junior
gymnast for eleven years.
A. competed; has been B. competes; has been
C. competed; had been D. will compete; will have been
四、语法填空
Ms. Mary was over eighty, but she still drove her old car like half her age. She loved driving very fast, and
boasted of the fact 100 she had never, in her thirty-five years of driving, been punished 101 a driving
mistake.
Then one day, she nearly lost her record. A police car followed her, and the policemen in it saw her pass a red
light without 102 （stop).
When Ms. Mary came before the judge, he looked at her severely and said that she was too old to drive a car,
and that the reason 103 she had not stopped at red light was most probably that her eyes had become weak
104 old age, so that she had simply not seen it.
When the judge had finished 105 he was saying, Ms. Mary opened the big handbag she was carrying and
took out her sewing. Without saying a word, she 106 choose) a needle with a very small eye, and threaded it
at the first time.
When she had 107 （success) done this, she took the thread out of the needle again and handed both the
needle and thread to the judge, saying, “Now it is your turn. I suppose you can drive a car well, and you have no
doubts 108 your eyesight.”
The judge took the needle and tried to thread it. After half a dozen times, he had still not succeeded. The caseagainst Ms. Mary 109 (dismiss解雇), and her record remained unbroken.
参考答案
一、
1. what he said
【解析】考查宾语从句。分析句子，设空处应该使用宾语从句做take的宾语。句子表述过去发生的动作，
故使用一般过去时。表示“他说的话”引导词用what。故填what he said。
2. attach great importance to
【解析】考查动词短语和时态。结合句意，分析句子可知，Another aspect是主句主语，I和空处是定语从
句，修饰先行词Another aspect，从句中缺少“认为非常重要”，是谓语部分，可用短语attach great
importance to，其中形容词great作定语，结合主句系动词is可知，从句也应使用一般现在时时态，所以
谓语动词attach用复数形式。故填①attach②great③importance ④to。
3. did tell
【解析】考查谓语动词的强调。句子缺失部分为谓语部分，表示“确实撒了谎”，可使用动词短语tell a
lie，并根据时间状语yesterday使用助动词do的过去时did对谓语动词tell表示强调。故填did tell。
4. It is careless of you to make so many mistakes
【解析】考查it作形式主语。根据句意可知，此处考查it作形式主语的固定句型“It + be+形容词 (+for/of
sb.) + to do sth. ”；此处的形容词为careless，表示人的特性，所以介词要用of；“犯错误”译为make
mistakes,“这么多”译为so many，修饰名词mistakes。故填It is careless of you to make so many mistakes。
5. has been admitted to/into
【解析】考查固定短语和时态。根据句意“某人被……录取”可知短语为sb. be admitted to/into，此处强
调过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响，应用现在完成时，主语为son，助动词用has。故填has been
admitted to/into。
6. were restored to
【解析】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“被归还给了”，“归还给”
是restore to，句子用被动语态，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，因此空格处是一般过去时的
被动语态，主语horses and goods是复数，因此空格处是were restored to。故填were restored to。
7. it seems that we are losing
【解析】考查主语从句。表示“似乎”应用固定句型it seems that...，此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在
时，it为形式主语，that引导主语从句；表示“我们”应用we，表示“失去”应用lose，此处表示“正在
失去”，需用现在进行时，主语为we，be动词用are。故填it seems that we are losing。
8. will be limited to【解析】考查动词短语、时态和语态。表示“将限定在……”应用短语limit…to…；此处表示将要发生的
事情，用一般将来时，且“演讲”和“限定”之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。所以填(1). will(2). be (3).
limited(4). to
9. collected
【解析】考查动词和时态。设空处为谓语，描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，根据汉语意思可知是聚
集collect，故填collected。
10. broke down
【解析】考查动词短语和时态。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处缺少动词“坏了”，应用动词短语break
down，根据语境和从句谓语needed可知，时态为一般过去时，动词应用过去式。故填①broke；
②down。
11. the secret to his success is
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。that后接宾语从句，宾语从句是主系表结构，结合主句谓语says可知讲述
经验之谈，从句也用一般现在时，the secret to sth. is...某事(物)的秘诀是……，his success (他的成功)，从
句主语the secret to his success单数，从句谓语单数形式。故填the secret to his success is。
12. have no evidence
【解析】考查动词时态。表示“没有证据”应用have no evidence ，根据时间状语“at present”可知，此
处使用一般现在时，主语为we，谓语动词用原形。故填have no evidence。
13. ballet so appealing that applauded
【解析】考查固定句型、名词，形容词和时态。表示“芭蕾舞”应用名词ballet，作主语，表示 “如
此……以至于……”应用固定句型so. . . that，so之后加副词或形容词，that引导结果状语从句；表示“吸
引人的”应用形容词appealing，作表语；表示“鼓掌”应用动词applaud，作谓语动词，依据was可知动
作发生在过去，所以applaud应用一般过去时。故空①填ballet，空②填so appealing that，空③填
applauded。
14. whether he had seen her
【解析】考查宾语从句和时态。根据汉语可知，空处表示“（他）是否见过她”，和空后内容作
wondering的宾语，表示“是否”可用whether引导宾语从句，从句中主语“他”为he，结合before可知
“见过”是发生在过去的过去的事情，时态应用过去完成时，因此译为had seen，宾语“她”用her。故
填whether he had seen her。
15. having a lot of trouble with
【解析】考查短语和时态。根据句意表示“某物给某人添了很多麻烦”短语为sb. have a lot of trouble with
sth.；结合上文They are可知为现在进行时。故填having a lot of trouble with。
16. why he failed to pass the exam【解析】考查表语从句。分析句子，从句位于be动词后，故为表语从句；结合句意，表示原因需要用
why引导，“考试不及格”可转换为“没能通过考试”；表示“做某事失败了”或“没能做某事”为固
定短语fail to do sth.，事情发生在过去，故动词需要用一般过去时态；表示“通过考试”为pass the
exam。故填why he failed to pass the exam。
17. devote themselves to
【解析】考查固定短语。表示“专心致志”短语为devote oneself to，根据nowadays可知为一般现在时，
主语是复数，谓语应用动词原形。故填devote themselves to。
18. why they delayed sending
【解析】考查宾语从句、动词时态和短语。动词后是宾语从句，为什么是why引导宾语从句，主语是
they，根据asked可知，从句中用一般过去时，“延迟做某事”是delay doing，“发送”是send，故填
why they delayed sending.
19. is covered with fruit trees have been planted
【解析】考查固定短语、时态语态和主谓一致。根据所给汉语并分析句子结构可知，需要翻译“被果树
覆盖”和“栽种”。前半句表示现在的情况用一般现在时，主语Two thirds of the island 指的是三分之二
的岛屿面积，表示单数概念。“被……覆盖”是be covered with，“果树”是fruit trees。故第一空填is
covered with fruit trees。后半句中时间状语in the past 20 years和现在完成时连用，主语70% of which指代
的是70% of fruit trees，是复数，谓语也用复数。trees和plant是被动关系用被动语态，故第二空填have
been planted。故填①is covered with fruit trees②have been planted。
20. everyone has access to the Internet
【解析】考查时态语态。根据上文的is可知，此处使用一般现在时。have access to sth.为固定短语，表示
“有……使用权，有……的接触机会”。“每个人都能使用互联网”，主语为everyone，谓语用第三人称
单数形式，故译为has access to the Internet。故填everyone has access to the Internet。
21. is likely to be late
【解析】考查形容词短语和时态。“可能”be likely to do sth.，“迟到”be late，根据句中has left可知，
“彼得可能迟到”这一动作发生在现在，应用一般现在时，主语是Peter，be动词应用is。故填is likely to
be late。
22. found a wallet lying
【解析】考查动词时态和现在分词。对照中英文句意可知，空处需表示“发现有一个钱包”之意，find发
现，动词作谓语，语境表明陈述的是过去的事情，需用一般过去时，所以此处谓语动词需用found，其后
接宾语a wallet“一个钱包”，lie处于、位于……，find sb/sth doing发现某人/物正在做……，所以此处需
用现在分词lying作宾语补足语。故填found a wallet lying。
23. before is【解析】考查连词和时态。根据句意“还要多久才……”，可知第一个空用连词before连接前后两句话；
第二个空是before引导时间状语从句的谓语，且用到句型it be +adj. + to do sth.“做某事是……”，所以此
空用be的适当形式做谓语；再根据句意，描述的是从现在的角度看以后的情况，应用一般将来时，再根
据时间状语从句中，从句要用一般现在时代替一般将来时，主语是it，所以第二个空填is，故 ①before；
②is。
24. are being decorated
【解析】考查时态和语态。观察句子可知，空处缺少句子的谓语，装饰，译为：decorate，主语为the
classrooms，因此句子为被动语态。由语境可知，表示现在正在做的事情，用现在进行时，本句用现在进
行时的被动语态be being done。故填：①are；②being；③decorated。
25. As she is new
【解析】考查状语从句。此处为as引导的原因状语从句，从句主语为she，表示“新来的”应用形容词
new作表语。为一般现在时。故填As she is new。
26. was desperate for
【解析】考查时态及短语。根据句意，表示“非常需要”用短语be desperate for。语境表明事情已经发生，
时态应是一般过去时。主语是单数名词The man，故答案为was；desperate；for。
27. would take
【解析】考查动词时态。结合句意表示“带某人……”应用take sb. to do sth.，且表示从过去某一时间来
看将要发生的动作或呈现的状态，应用过去将来时would+动词原形。故填would take。
28. resulted in
【解析】考查短语。result in导致。根据主句时态可知，用一般过去时。根据句意，故填resulted in。
29. starved to death
【解析】固定搭配：starve to death饿死，结合所给汉语可知答案为(1). starved (2). to (3). death
30. 1.is designed for
【解析】本题考查短语be designed for sb./sth. 为某人或某（事）物设计。根据句意用一般现在时。故is
designed for。
31. were about to make
【解析】考查过去将来时。根据句意可知，空处用过去将来时，be about to do sth “即将做某事”，表示即
将发生的动作，在时间上指的是最近的将来。固定搭配make one's way “前进”。根据句意，故填were
about to make。
32. He never gave up learning English
【解析】考查时态，固定短语和动名词。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“他从未放弃学习英语”，
“从未”是never，“放弃学习英语”是give up learning English，由was可知，句子时态用一般过去时，因此空格处是He never gave up learning English。故填He never gave up learning English。
33. contact us if you are interested in the activity
【解析】考查祈使句和状语从句。表示“联系我们”用contact us；表示“如果你对该活动感兴趣”用if
you are interested in the activity，该句中if引导条件状语从句，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。表
示“对……感兴趣”用be interested in。故填contact us if you are interested in the activity。
二、
34. broadens
【解析】考查时态。句意：旅行开阔你的视野，给你留下美好的回忆。根据句意可知，本句为客观描述，
所以谓语动词用第三人称单数，且和“leaves”并列。但是提示词broad为形容词“宽阔的”，所以变动词
为broaden，变三单加-s。故填broadens。
35. is done
【解析】考查时态语态。句意：如果不采取任何行动，海洋将变成鱼类沙漠。if引导的条件状语从句，主
将从现，主语nothing与谓语do为被动关系，所以从句为一般现在时的被动语态。故填is done。
36. poisoned
【解析】考查动词语态。句意： 那人喝了瓶子里的水后中毒了。根据句意可知，那个人喝完瓶子中的水
中毒了，get done表示谈论某人或某事的客观遭遇，往往表示一种突然的、未曾预料到的偶发事件或事故。
poisonous为形容词“有毒的”，其动词为poison。故填poisoned。
37. was doing
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：他正在做作业，这时停电了。 “was/were doing+when+一般过去时”意
为“正在做某事这时……”，为固定句式，此处应用过去进行时。主语he为第三人称单数，应用was。
故填was doing。
38. was scheduled
【解析】考查时态语态。句意：总统选举原定于去年12月举行。此处主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合时
间状语可知应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为A presidential election，谓语用单数。故填was
scheduled。
39. did
【解析】考查时态。句意：我昨晚确实给你打电话了。分析句子结构可知，此处do是助动词，用来强调
谓语动词 telephone；由时间状语last night可知，空处助动词do需用其过去式did。故填did。
40. has worked/has been working
【解析】考查时态。句意：自从五年前离开学校以来，他一直在那家公司工作。分析可知，所填动词在
主句中作谓语。结合时间状语从句“since he left school five years ago”可知，可用现在完成时，表示从过
去持续到现在的动作；也可用现在完成进行时，强调动作从过去开始，持续到现在，并很有可能持续到将来，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填：has worked/has been working。
41. is referred
【解析】考查动词。句意：当接收方收到并解码消息后，发送一个编码后的消息，称为反馈。分析句子
可知，该处为which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为整件事和从句中的动词refer为被动关系，结合
时态为一般现在时，主谓一致为动词单数形式。故填is referred。
42. will be given
【解析】考查动词和时态。句意：下周将在学校礼堂作一个关于中国历史的报告。分析句子可知，give
是句中谓语动词，与主语A talk on Chinese history之间是被动关系，句中有时间状语next week，应使用一
般将来时态。综上，谓语应用一般将来时态的被动语态。故填will be given。
43. have been interviewing
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的几个月里，我们一直在采访和拍摄年轻球员，了解他们对篮球
的兴趣。根据时间状语for the past few months和空格后的动词现在分词filming 可知，谓语动词用现在完
成进行时，结构为have/has+been+动词的现在分词，表示从过去某个时间开始，一直延续到现在，并且还
有可能持续下去。因主语为we，主谓一致，故填have been interviewing。
44. would harm
【解析】考查时态。句意：他补充说，长时间玩智能手机或平板电脑会损害人们的健康，使他们无法集
中精力工作。空处作谓语，根据句意和he added可知，此处时态应用过去将来时would do，表示“将会
损害”，故填would harm。
45. writes
【解析】考查时态、主动表被动以及主谓一致。句意：鲍勃想买那种圆珠笔，因为他听说这种笔写起来
很顺。分析句子可知，“it ________ smoothly”是宾语从句，描述现阶段的情况，he has been told是现在完
成时，宾语从句应用一般现在时；write此处用作不及物动词，描述主语it的品质，应用主动形式表被动；
且主语it是单数，应用writes。故填writes。
46. is being restored
【解析】考查现在进行时的被动语态。句意：正在修复的教堂塔楼将很快对游客开放，工作已接近尾声。
根据The work is almost finished可知，修复动作还在进行。且restore与which（即The church tower，第三
人称单数）之间是被动关系，故应使用现在进行时的被动语态。故填is being restored。
47. be transformed
【解析】考查动词语态。句意：使用电脑，照片可以很容易地变成贺卡。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动
词的填入，a photo和动词transform为被动关系，所以为被动语态结构，结合空前can情态动词可知，为
动词原形be+过去分词形式。故填be transformed。
48. was going to rain【解析】考查时态。句意：我以为很快就要下雨了。根据soon可知，此处表示眼下就要发生的事，应用
be going to rain，且结合上文thought可知，应用过去将来时，主语是it，故填was going to rain。
49. should be checked/be checked
【解析】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：强烈建议这些机器每年检查一次。It is strongly recommended
that...是固定句型，意为“强烈建议……”，It是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句，从句中用
（should+动词原形）的虚拟语气，should可省略，机器是被检查，空格处用should be done，因此空格处
是(should) be checked。故填(should) be checked。
50. was reading
【解析】考查时态。句意：你写信的时候，我在看书。空格处在主句中作谓语，根据时间状语从句While
you were writing letters可知，应用过去进行时。故填was reading。
51. have been waiting
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：他来了！从昨晚开始我们就一直焦急地等他。根据“Here he is!”和“since
last night”可推断，表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作，要用现在完成进行时。主语we是复数，故填
have been waiting。
52. has won
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，小马Magic已经获得了许多奖项。由so far可知，句
子时态用现在完成时，主语horse是单数，因此空格处是has won。故填has won。
53. was being punished
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：当父亲回家时，这个孩子的母亲正在惩罚他。结合语境和下文came判
断主句用过去进行式，表示过去某个时间点正在发生的动作，主语the kid和punish是被动关系，故用过
去进行时的被动语态。故填was being punished。
54. observed
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：昨天警察观察到那个人进了银行。表示“观察某人做某事”短语为
observe sb. do sth.，根据yesterday表示过去的动作，用一般过去时。故填observed。
55. was destroyed
【解析】考查谓语动词的时态语态。句意：这座城市将和多年前被叙利亚战争摧毁的阿勒波一起被列入
濒危世界遗产名录。分析句子可知，which引导的定语从句缺谓语，which指代先行词Aleppo，是单数；
主语Aleppo与动词destroy“摧毁”之间是被动关系，结合时间状语years ago可知，从句谓语用一般过去
时的被动语态。故填was destroyed。
56. will be carrying
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：议会将在今后两天进行道路维修。根据“the next two days”可知，表示将
来一段时间一直进行的动作用将来进行时。故填will be carrying。57. that 58. whether/if 59. is
【解析】57. 考查强调句式。句意：我父亲十年前就是在这家工厂工作的。此处是强调句式，故答案为
that。
58. 考查宾语从句。句意：她问我第二天是否愿意和她一起去看电影。此处是whether/if引导的宾语从句，
故答案为whether/if。
59. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：汤姆不擅长法语，蒂姆也不擅长。否定副词置句首用部分倒装，句子用
一般现在时态，助动词与Tim保持一致，故答案为is。
【点睛】浅谈强调句
1. 用It is／was...that／who...句型表示强调。
（1）陈述句的强调句型：It is/was+被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+that/who（当强调主语且主
语指人）+其它部分。 e.g. It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.
（2）一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/was提到it前面。 e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?
（3）特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+is/was+it+that/who+其它部分？
e.g. When and where was it that you were born?
注：被强调的部分（通常是句子的主语、状语、宾语或宾语补足语）放在is／was的后面，如被强调的是
人，则后面可用who，whom等代替。
2. not...until...句型的强调句：
句型为：It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+其它部分：
e.g. 普通句：He didn't go to bed until/till his wife came back.
强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.
3. 强调谓语动词：用助动词do, does或did加动词原形来强调谓语动词。注意：此种强调只用do/does和
did，没有别的形式；过去时态用did，后面的谓语动词用原形。如：Do come early. 务必早来。He did
send you a letter last week. 昨天他确实寄给你一封信。
60. up
【解析】考查动词短语。句意：在最近17年里，这个收集已经被建成了。根据over the last seventeen
years. 可知本句要用现在完成时，由于谓语与主语The collection是被动关系，因此要用现在完成时的被
动语态。根据build up (建成）可知空格处填up。
61. would come
【解析】考查时态。句意：每当我们遇到困难，他总是会来帮助我们。结合语境及从句的时态可知此处
应用过去将来时，表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作。故填would come。
62. reached【解析】考查时态。句意：林先生一个小时前到达了他的办公室，但他还没有开始工作。根据时间状语
an hour ago可知时态要用一般过去时，此处是谓语动词，要用动词的过去式。故填reached。
63. is being taught
【解析】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：目前我们的英语老师正在教谁？由by可知，句子用被动语
态，由at present可知，句子时态用现在进行时，因此空格处是现在进行时的被动语态，即is/are being
done，主语who后谓语动词用单数，故填is being taught。
64. were having
【解析】考查时态。句意：我们正在吃晚饭时，突然电话响了。结合从句谓语rang用一般过去时可知，
此处指“过去正……时，某个动作发生了”，have用过去进行时，主语We第二人称，谓语复数形式。故
填were having。
65. was rejected
【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：虽然第一个建议被老板拒绝了，但汤姆仍然努力工作，最后想出
了一个更好的建议。分析句子结构可知，reject作从句的谓语，和主语suggestion之间是被动关系，用被
动语态，又主句用的是一般过去时，此处也用一般过去时。故填was rejected。
三、
66. D
【解析】考查谓语动词时态。句意：在过去的两年里，这个项目挽救了成千上万的儿童，要不然他们早
就没命了。根据时间状语in the last few years“在过去的几年时间里”，是指从过去算到现在，是现在完成
时的标志，所以空处应用现在完成时形式，即has saved。故选D项。
67. B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：——水流了一整夜。——是的。看来约翰该受责备。他是最后一个离
开实验室的。根据语境，设空处应用一般过去时态；此处考查blame用法：sb. be to blame (for sth).为固定
搭配，表示“某人因为某事该受到责备，某事归咎于某人”，用不定式短语作表语，且以主动形式表示
被动意义。故选B项。
68. C
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：别担心。你第一次教孩子会有点困难。很快你就会发现它变得容易多了。
分析句子可知，主句谓语为will be， 本空为the first time引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词，用一般现在
时表将来，遵循主将从现的规则。故选C。
69. B
【解析】考查时态。句意：我没有接他的电话，因为我把手机调成静音了。当我要给他回电话时，他又
打来了。根据后文“he just called in again”表示正打算回电话，电话又打来了，应用be to do sth.，表示按
计划或安排要做的事。故选B。70. C
【解析】考查时态。 句意：该项目建成后将有助于发展经济和减少贫困。根据句意可知表示将要发生的
事情，用一般将来时，选C。
71. D
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：我相信很快就会有更严格的规定来控制吸烟。根据soon可知，用一般
将来时。从句主语stricter rules to control cigarette smoking与make之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故
选D。
72. C
【解析】考查动词、动词短语和时态。句意：艾滋病人将从新药中获益并最终被治愈吗？A. benefited有
益于；有助于；B. benefit益处；好处；使受益；C. benefit from从……受益；D. beneficial to有益于……；
有利于。分析句子结构可知空处需填与be cured并列的另一个谓语动词，由Will可知空处表示将来发生
的动作，需用动词原形的形式。benefit from从……受益，符合句意。故选C项。
73. B
【解析】考查谓语时态和语态。句意：他的妹妹在1998年离家，至今杳无音讯。 and前用过去式表示她
1998年离家这一事实，结合状语since和语境可知，此处用现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成影
响或后果，而且his sister和hear of是被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。故选B。
74. B
【解析】试题分析：考查主谓一致：句意：一个英语老师兼班主任告诉我们一些关于志愿者的事情。. A
teacher of English and class teacher是一个人，谓语是单数，只有B项的谓语是单数。选B。
考点：考查主谓一致
75. B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：Mr Green站起来为那个16岁的男孩辩护，说他不是该受责备的那个人。
第一空：Mr Green与say之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，所以使用现在分词作伴随状语；第二空：
be to blame该受责备，用主动形式表示被动含义，此处去掉be作后置定语，故B正确。
76. B
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我想她当时并没有注意到校长，因为她正在玩手机游戏。这里表
示“因为她当时正在玩手机游戏”，表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，主语she是第三
人称单数，因此空格处是was playing，故选B。
77. C
【解析】考查被动语态。句意：——你们学校多久举办一次运动会？——一年一次。由答语“Once a
year”可知，空处谓语动词需用一般现在时态，表示经常性，习惯性的动作；因为运动会是被举办，所以
空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态：be done，主语是单数sports meeting，所以be动词需用is，所以空处需用is held。故选C。
78. C
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我得在我们的钱用完之前从银行取些钱。run out of和run out都是
“用完”的意思，“run up”意为“迅速积累”，由“I have to draw some money from the bank”可知，空格
处意为“用完”。“run out of”的主语是人，“sb. run out of sth.”意为“某人用完某物”；“run out”的主
语是物，“sth. run out”意为“某物被用完”，空前“our money”是物，因此空格处用run out，before引导
的是时间状语从句，用一般现在时表将来，主语money是不可数名词，因此空格处用第三人称单数，故
选C。
79. D
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：中国正在变得越来越强大，近年来在国际舞台上扮演着重要的角色。由
in recent years可知，这里应该是用现在完成进行时，表示最近几年来一直存在的状态。故选D项。
80. D
【解析】考查时态。句意：——嗨，杰克。我们去溜冰吧。——等等，约翰逊。我十分钟后就要完成作
业了。时间状语“in+时间段”与将来时连用，be doing 是现在进行时表将来。故选D。
81. D
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：到2015年底，他在NBA打了14年球了。根据“by the end of 2015”可知，
时间表示“到2015年末为止”，句子描述过去的过去，需要用过去完成时，结构为had+done。故选D。
82. A
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：一副刀叉在桌子上。句子主语是“A fork and knife”，指一个整体，所以
谓语要用第三人称单数形式。故选A。
83. D
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：史密斯先生向我不断练习一个他一直就渴望做的演讲。本句正常语序是：
Mr. Smith let off the speech he_______ to make all along upon me。Let off本意是：开枪，这里引申为“不断
练习”，upon表示说话的对像。看四个选项，可以断定这是考查时态。考查时态，一看时态标志词，二
看动作的先后顺序。时态标志词all along，这是进行时的标志，一般还有the whole day/night, all the ime等；
let off动作发生在过去。先后顺序：先准备演讲die to make the speech，然后是let off的过去的动作，所以
die to这个动作是发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成进行时。be dying to do sth.“非常渴望做某事”。故选
D。
84. A
【解析】考查时态和虚拟语气。句意：——你姐姐在高中时几乎把所有的业余时间都用来学习了。——
是的，否则她就不会在高考中取得巨大的成功。第一空考查固定搭配devote some time to sth./doing sth. (致
力于某事/做某事)，用一般过去时表过去发生的事；第二空的关键词是or (否则，要不然)，表示的是一个含蓄的条件句，相当于If she hadn’t devoted almost all her spare time to studying when she was in high
school.，这是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，后面的主句要使用“should/could/might/would + have
done”。故选A。
85. A
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：——你明天能到机场接我吗？——我希望去，但恐怕那时我要参加一个
非常重要的会议。根据tomorrow（明天）可知，事情发生在将来，且根据then（那时）可知，表示将来
特定的时间段内正在开会，用将来进行时will be doing结构。故选A项。
86. D
【解析】试题分析：考查时态。根据句意，住在洛杉矶是过去一直持续到现在的事情，应用现在完成时
表示一直持续到现在的动作，句意：2007年我离开学校，从那以后我一直住在洛杉矶。故选D
考点：考查时态
87. A
【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：——你为什么看起来这么担心？——九江发生了地震。整个研究一
直没有完成。根据后文since可知应用现在完成时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故用现在完成时的
被动语态，主语为research，助动词用has。故选A。
88. B
【解析】试题分析：考查句子时态的选择。Change vt改变，变更。Had done 过去完成时，表示从过去的
过去到过去某一时刻完成的动作；am/is/are doing 现在进行时，表示现在正在进行的动作；was/were
doing 过去进行时，表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作；will do 将来时态，表示将来将会发生的动作。
句意：世界正在改变，事情从来不会保持一样。故选B。
考点：考查句子时态的选择
89. C
【解析】考查反义疑问句。句意：——昨天晚上你没有等斯密斯先生，是吗？——是的，我们不必等他，
他根本就没有回家。当反义疑问句主句是否定句的时候，回答时，yes要翻译成“不”，no要翻译成“是
的”，其余部分要根据实际情况回答。句中前一句中没有用情态动词，使用了一般过去时的否定，回答
是也用一般过去时。故C正确。
90. C
【解析】考查时态。句意：——为什么孩子把长筒袜挂在壁炉上面放礼物？——正如故事说的那样，为
了帮助一户穷人，圣诞老人顺着壁炉扔下一小袋金子，它掉进了正挂在壁炉上晾干的长筒袜里面。由句
意可知，圣诞老人扔下金子的时候，长筒袜当时正悬挂在壁炉上方，所以用过去进行时。故选C项。
91. B
【解析】考查时态。句意：起初我以为完成这个项目很难，但后来我改变了主意。由“I thought it hard tocomplete the project at first”可知，句子表示“起初我以为完成这个项目很难，但后来我改变了主意”，截
止说话时，作者已经改变主意了，因此强调发生在过去对现在造成的影响，所以用现在完成时。故选B。
92. A
【解析】本题解析略。
93. B
【解析】考查倒装句和时态。句意：直到我提醒他，小约翰才把注意力集中在作业上。not until+句子，
位于句首，主句需要用部分倒装，即将助动词提到主语前面，由warned可知，句子描述过去发生的事，
应用一般过去时，助动词应用did，提到主语little John前，故选B。
94. B
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：Kate被老师表扬，因为她为团队讨论做出很大的贡献。根据had made
可知，Kate被表扬是发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。
95. B
【解析】试题分析：考查将来时表达法。本句中的will指临时决定做某事。句意:我原来想请你修我的收
音机的。—对不起。我现在就帮你修。根据句意说明是说话的时候临时决定的事情，故B正确。
考点：考查将来时表达法
点评：考查将来时的表达法。Be to do sth表示计划的事情；表示注定要做某事；也可以表示命令做某事，
相当于have to, must，should; will表示一般的将来，或者临时决定做某事；be going to do sth表示按照计划
安排要做某事；或者根据某种迹象要做某事；be about to do sth即将做某事，不与表示将来时的时间状语
连用。句意：好的电影出品人要确保他的电影应该满足不断变化的市场的需要。
96. B
【解析】句意：你为什么没去昨天的会议呢？我本该去的但是我当时忙着做一个重要的实验。would have
done本该做某事而实际上没有做，根据语境忙的动作在过去应用一般过去时，所以选B。
97. C
【解析】考查时态。句意：我确信你将在考试中做的更好，因为你今年一直在学习很努力。根据语境，
学习的动作是从过去一直持续到现在，还要持续下去。所以用现在完成进行时。故选C。
98. D
【解析】考查时态。句意：那首音乐听起来很耳熟。谁在楼上弹钢琴？由“That piece of music sounds
quite familiar”可知，下文描述的是正在发生的动作，故用现在进行时态，空格处是is playing，故选D。
99. C
【解析】考查时态。句意：等到她完成纽约友好运动场的体操比赛后，她就已经做了11年的少儿体操运
动员了。根据英语语法，by the time （到……时）与完成时态连用。主句had been是过去完成时态，所
以by the time引导的时间状语从句需要用一般过去时态，故选C。四、
100. that 101.for 102.stopping. 103.why 104.with
105.what 106. chose 107. successfully 108.about 109. was dismissed
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲了琼斯太太虽然年纪大了，但是还在开车，一直保持记录从没为
犯规被罚款，有一次差点丢了记录，但她还是保住了记录。
100. 考查名词性从句。这里考查同位语从句，从句中不缺少成分，故用关系词that引导。
101. 考查介词。这里介词for表示“由于”之意。
102. 考查非谓语动词。前面为介词without，故用v-ing形式。
103. 考查定语从句。句中的先行词为reason，在从句中作原因状语，故用关系副词why。
104. 考查介词。with 此处相当于 because of，表示“由于”之意。
105. 考查名词性从句。宾语从句中，从句缺少宾语。
106. 考查时态文章整个时态用的是一般过去时，故此处用一般过去时。
107. 考查副词。动词前用副词修饰。
108. 考查介词。这里介词about表示“关于”之意。
109. 考查时态和语态。这里考查被动语态，主语与dismiss之间为被动关系。
