语篇布局中模式思维的运用
【要点释义】
记叙文特征分析模式
【叙述的要素】
记叙文是记人叙事的文章，它主要是用于说明事件的时间、背景、起因、过程及结果，
即我们通常所说的五个" W "( what, who, when, where, why )和一个" H "( how )。记叙文的重
点在于"述说"和"描写"，因此一篇好的记叙文要叙述条理清楚，描写生动形象。
1. 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲
眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过"我"来传达给读者，使人读
后感到真实可信，如身临其境。如：
The other day, I was driving along the street. Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly
towards me fast. I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side. But it was too late. The
car hit my bike and I fell off it.
用第三人称叙述，优点在于叙述者不受"我"活动范围以内的人和事物的限制，而是通过
作者与读者之外的第三者，直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前，文章的客观性很强。如：
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard. On the way, he saw an
old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover. Tom went up to the old woman and wanted
to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short. What could he do? Then he had a good idea.
2. 动词的时态
在记叙文中，记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高，且富于变化。记叙文中用得
最多的是动词的过去的，这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美
之处就在于这些动词时态的变化，正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的
层次感和立体感。
3. 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙，都要让读者能弄清事
情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作，较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种
方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙，读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效
地提高文章的结构效果，让所叙之事跌宕起伏，使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃，从
而为文章所吸引，深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当，则容易弄巧成拙，使文章结构散乱，头绪不清，让读者不知所云。
4. 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件
转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如：
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things. Apart form doing my homework, reading an
English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao. It is really a
beautiful city. There are many places of interest to see. But what impressed me most was the
sunrise.
The next morning I got up early. I was very happy because it was a fine day. By the time I got to
the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red. In a little while, a small part of the sun was
gradually appearing. The sun was very red, not shining. It rose slowly. At last it broke through the
red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball. At the same time the clouds and the
sea water became red and bright.
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5. 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语
代替间接的主观叙述，可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态，使记叙生动、
有趣，使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果：
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something. Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the
front. I thought maybe someone was knocking the door. I asked who it was but I heard no reply.
After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor. I realized it was the cat. I felt released.
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字，但经作者这么一写，就不那么吸引人了。原因是文
中用的都是叙述模式，没有人物语言，把"悬念"给冲淡了。可作如下调整：
I was in the kitchen cooking something. "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front. Thinking
someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply. After a while, I saw my cat running
across the parlor. "Its you." I said, quite released.
【叙述文体的整体分析模式】
读后续写记叙文整体阅读的层级及作用
阅读层面 序号 内容 作用
写作手法 把特定的意义寄托在所描写的事物上，表达了……的情感，增强了文
1 象征
（表现手 章的表现力
法） 2 对比手法 1、通过比较，鲜明的突出了主要事物或事物的主要方面的××特征；2、更好地表现了文章的主题
衬托（侧
以次要的人或事物衬托主要的人或事物，突出主要的人或事物的特
3 面烘托）
点、性格、思想、感情等
手法
4 反衬
运用比喻、夸张等手段和方法对人或事物进行揭露、批判和嘲笑，加
5 讽刺手法
强深刻性和批判性，使语言辛辣幽默
1、先否定或贬低事物形象，尔后深入挖掘事物特点及内在意义，再
6 欲扬先抑 对事物予以肯定、褒扬；2、上下文形成对比，突出所写的对象，收
到出人意料的感人效果
通过描写具体生动的自然景象或生活场景，表达作者某种真挚的思想
7 借景抒情
感情。作用：做到情景交融，使文章充满诗情画意
前后照应
8 （首尾呼 使情节完整、结构严谨、中心突出
应）
伏笔和铺
9 内容前后照应，情节严丝合缝
垫
由一事物想到另一事物的心理过程。作用：1、丰富文章内容；2、使
10 联想
人物形象更丰满，性格更鲜明突出；3、情节更生动感人
在原有的感性形象的基础上，创造新形象的心理过程。作用：为塑造
11 想像 形象、表现主题服务。使读者接受美的陶冶。（ 注：必须结合相关
语句分析。 ）
12 比喻手法 形象生动、简洁凝练地描写事物、讲解道理
13 夸张手法 突出人或事物的特征，揭示本质，给读者以鲜明而强烈的印象
14 借物喻人
15 借物喻理
1、把抽象的事理表现为具体的可感知的形象；2、可以使文章更含蓄
16 托物言志 些，运用眼前之物，寄托深远之意；3、表达了…的情感，增强了文
章的感染力
17 情景交融
18 以小见大
记叙文的表达方式以记叙为主．兼用描写、议论、说明、抒情。①记叙文中的抒情有直接
抒情，有间接抒情。直接抒情是在记叙的基础上直接抒发自己对事物的思想感情。间接抒
情包括借景抒情，寄情于人、事、物，在叙述描写的字里行间自然渗透作者的感情。 ②
记叙文中恰当的穿插议论往往使文章锦上添花，起到画龙点睛的作用，尤其是文章末尾的
议论。就是段与段之间用上一两句议论，也能起到承上启下的妙用。
弄清记叙的要素和线索是阅读记叙文的基本要求，同时，还要分清记
1 记叙
叙的顺序与人称
用来表现人物、交代背景、渲染气氛、抒发感情、突出中心；(通过
表达方式 2 描写
运用修辞手法)。身临其境,栩栩如生
3 说明 理清说明顺序，抓住特征，分清说明方法。明白事情的来龙去脉
分清议论的要素和议论的方式，分析记叙文中议论的作用。作用是点
4 议论 明文章中心。叙后议论：画龙点睛，点明题旨。作用：点明中心，升
华主题
抒情有直接抒情和间接抒情。直接抒情：直抒胸臆，淋漓尽致。间接
5 抒情 抒情：寓情于景，物，事，含蓄。作用：1、引起读者的共鸣；2、深
化中心；3、画龙点睛。
外貌描写又叫肖像描写，主要是外在特点的展示，包括面部、头发、
1 外貌描写
身材、衣着等，主要作用就是显示人物的性格特征
语言描写包括对话和独白两种，主要作用就是表露人物感情，揭示人
2 语言描写
物内心世界，推动情节发展
行动描写又叫动作描写，由人物的举止构成，主要作用是显示人物的
3 行动描写
描写种类 精神面貌和性格特征，可使人物具有活力，栩栩如生
心理描写是对人物心态的揣摩，一般由“我”的面貌出现，用第三人
4 心理描写
称也可以写心理，主要作用就是展现人物的精神世界、内心世界
5 场面描写 场面描写中往往具有外貌、语言、动作、心理这四种描写
6 环境描写 环境描写对人物具有衬托作用，对情节起补充、衬托作用，丰富形象，突出中心。作用有：1、交代故事发生的时间、地点，为人物活
动提供具体的背景2、渲染气氛 3、烘托人物心理或烘托人物形象
4、推动故事情节的发展（为下文作铺垫）
作用:1、渲染气氛；2、烘托人物心情；3、推动故事情节发展；4、
7 景物描写
表现人物品质；5、衬托中心
细节描写大多属于动作描写，对某些细小的举止、行为或细微的事
8 细节描写
件、细小的景物片断作仔细的描绘
9 表情描写
10 正面描写
11 侧面描写 借他人之口对对象进行描写
12 人物描写 外貌描写，语言描写，动作描写，神态描写，心理描写
以主题为
1
线索
以人物为
2
线索
以事物为
3
线索
文章线索
以中心事
4
件为线索
以时间、
5 以时间、地点的变化为线索
地点
以“情”
6 以思想感情的变化为线索
为线索
1 顺叙 叙事有头有尾，条理清晰，读起来脉络清楚、印象深刻
造成悬念、吸引读者，避免叙述的平板单调，增强文章的生动性，顺
2 倒叙
记叙顺序 叙为倒叙服务
3 插叙 插叙为顺叙服务，对情节起补充、衬托作用，丰富形象，突出中心。
4 补叙
形象生动、简洁凝练地描写事物、讲解道理。(生动形象，化无形为
有形)。即抓住两种不同性质的事物的相似点，用一事物来喻另一事
物。作用：化平淡为生动；化深奥为浅显；化抽象为具体；化冗长为
1 比喻
简洁。用在记叙、说明、描写中，能使事物生动、形象、具体，给人
以鲜明的印象；用在议论文中，能使抽象道理变得具体，使深奥的道
理变得浅显易懂。最常用的还是生动形象。
赋予事物以人的性格、思想、感情和动作，使物人格化，从而达到形
2 拟人 象生动的效果。(表达亲切，有情趣，生动形象)。作用：使事物人格
化，使语言富有神采
突出特征，揭示本质，给读者以鲜明而强烈的印象。(表达感情更强
烈，烘托气氛)。夸张指为追求某种表达效果，对原有事物进行合乎
3 夸张
情理的着意扩大或缩小。作用：烘托气氛，增强联想，给人启示。可
以引起丰富的想象，更好地突出事物的特征，引起读者的强烈共鸣
条理清晰，节奏鲜明，增强语势，长于抒情。（增强语言启示,生动
修辞方法 形象地写出了……）一气呵成，突出强调，有气势。排比由三个或三
4 排比 个以上结构相同或相似，内容相关、语气一致的短语或句子组合而
成。作用：可增强语言的气势，强调内容，加重感情。用来说理，可
把道理阐述得更严密、更透彻；用来抒情，可把感情抒发得淋漓尽致
形式整齐，音韵和谐，互相映衬，互为补充。(整齐，有节奏感)。它
是一对字数相等，词性相对，结构相同，意义相关的短语或句子。作
5 对偶
用：形式上音节整齐匀称、节奏感强，具有音律美；内容上凝练集
中，概括力强。
强调某种意思，强烈抒情，富有感染力。(紧凑、有气势，表达效果
6 反复
强烈)。由二个相同的词语或句式构成反复..作用：主要起强调作用
1、自问自答，引人注意，启发思考；2、引出下文；3、承上启下；
7 设问
4、用在议论文中，能使论证深入，脉络清晰。
8 反问 1、加强语气，态度鲜明，强烈抒情；2、引出下文；3、承上启下
不直接说出所要表述的人或事物，而用与其相关的事物来代替。作
9 借代
用：能起到突出形象，使之具体、生动的效果。1 概括内容
题目的作
2 揭示主题
用
3 提示线索
写了什么，选材有什么独特之处（语面的象征义、喻指义 ， 表现的
1 内容方面
人物思想性格， 点明全文思想意义）
1、总领全文；2、总结上文；3、为下文作铺垫；4、引起下文；5、
赏析某句 2 结构方面
承上启下；6、线索；7、照应前文；8、点明中心、深化主题
话或某段
1、写作方法；2、语言特色；3、修辞。（从写作手法上，常有A开篇
（或作
点题，B为后文设伏笔、C作铺垫、D深化中心、E点明主旨（画龙点
用） 3 形式
睛）F、衬托、G、渲染H呼应、照应、I、对比、J、象征、K、先抑后
扬， L、预示性作用等特点。）
4 感情 文章的社会价值、意义、作用等
不能。因为：1、与人们认识事物的（由浅入深、由表入里、由现象
词语顺序
1 到本质）规律不一致；2、该词与上文是一一对应的关系；3、这些词
能否调换
是递进关系，环环相扣，不能互换。
1 分析文章题目
如何体会 2 分析文章开头
作者的态
3 分析文章结尾
度和思想
感情 4 分析文章的抒情议论段落
5 分析写作背景、写作意图
第一段：文章或段落的领起句。如果是环境描写，作用：1、点明故
事发生的地点、环境；2、引出下文；3、为下文情节发展作铺垫。如
果是其他描写，作用：1、开篇点题；2、奠定全文的感情基调；3、
总领全文或引起下文；4、为下文情节发展作铺垫
1 结构上看
中间段：文章或段落之间的过渡句，它往往兼顾领起与总收双重特
点，承上为总收，启下为总领，起到承上启下的过度作用
关键语句
结尾议论性句子：文章或段落的总结句。作用：1、总结全文；2、照
的种类
应开头；3、点明中心；4、深化主题
中心句：就是全文的中心思想都浓缩于该句上
抒情句，就是以表达充沛的感情为主，甚至是全文感情的凝结
2 内容上看 议论句，主要是指记叙文或说明文中的该类句子，它往往起深化主题
的作用
写景句，它往住对人物或主旨起衬托作用，如
1 第一人称 真实可信,便于作者抒发感情
写作人称 2 第二人称 亲切自然
3 第三人称 可以多角度描写,不受时间和空间的限制
1 事物
2 人物
记叙线索 3 思想感情变化
的形式 4 时间
5 地点
6 中心事件
1 标题
找线索的
2 反复出现的某个词语或某个事物
方法
3 抒情议论句
或按时间先后，或按事件发展的过程，或按事理的逐步深入来展开结
1 纵式结构
构
横式结构的文章的主体部分一般是从几个方面来分别写的，这几个方
2 横式结构
面之间的关系是并列关系，或是由主到次的关系。
文章结构
纵横结合
3
式结构
总分式结 此种结构方式是文章的基本结构方式。一般说来有三种：总分式，分
4
构 总式，总分总式。起始句(首括句)就是该段的中心句，可以据此概括段意
1 摘句法 尾括句(总结句)显示该段的中心
过渡句(或过渡段)显示段意
归纳法(对这件事的归纳概括，既不能用开头的第一句话，也不能用
概括段落 2 概括法 最后的一句话，只能从这件事中去归纳)
大意的方 取主舍次法
法 连层法(是指同一段内有几个层次，把每一个层次所讲的内容串连概
括起来，从而总结出本段的段意)
串段法(是指一大段中包含了若干自然段，把每个自然段所讲的内容
3 串连法
进行一次压缩概括，然后归纳出本段的段意)
组合法(利用该方法可以把段的内容概括得简明扼要，从而达到阅读
题目的要求)
1 借助法 即借助文章题目、总起句、总结句、关键语句归纳文章主旨的方法
感情入手法：通过作者思想感情的变化来体会归纳文章的主旨
议论、抒情句入手法：抓住议论、抒情的句子归纳总结，便可把握文
章的主旨
归纳中心 主要段落归纳法：通读全文，分析归纳主要(或重点)段落的意思，从
2
法 而归纳出文章的主旨
分析人物入手法
分析时代背景、写作意图入手法：每一篇文章都有时代背景、写作意
归纳文章
图，了解时代背景、写作意图有助于文章中心的归纳
主旨的方
记叙文：写人为主：记叙……赞扬了……表达
法
记事为主：记叙了……批评(歌颂了)……表现了……
写景状物：采用……手法，借助……描写，赞扬……抒
发……
3 格式法
游记：描写了……表达了……感情
议论文：立论：文章论述了……阐明了……
驳论：文章驳斥了……提出了(阐述)……主张(道理)
说明文：文章说明(介绍)了……体现(展现、赞美)了……
1 朴实无华 朴实无华、形象生动、清新优美、简洁凝练、准确严密、精辟深刻、
语言特色 通俗易懂、音韵和谐、节奏感强、富有感染力、委婉含蓄、意味深
2 优美生动
长、发人深省、寓意深刻、引发阅读兴趣、说理透彻、有说服力。
主要有这样几种：①开门见山式。②抒情渲染式。③引用启迪式。④
1 开头
环境烘托式。⑤倒叙式。
2 结尾 有四种方式：①揭题式。②启迪式。③抒情者。④鼓动式。
有三种方式：①在段落的前面用一两句话过渡到下文；②在文章内部
3 过度 的层次之间用一个段连接上下文；③在内容转换、文意转折、表达方
文章结构
式变换的地方，用一个句子进行过渡。
4 照应 有三种方式：①首尾照应、②前后呼应、③行文与文题照应
5 段落
6 层次 有三种方式：①首尾照应、②前后呼应、③行文与文题照应
揣摩情感
1
倾向
提炼思想
2
观点
寻找主题 主题的源头，也就是文章的中心意思产生的依据，也就是一篇文章的
3
源头 中心意思缘何而来
把握文章
分析重点 记叙文的重点段落是文章所记叙的中心事件，也是集中暗示人物精神
思想内容 4
段落 风貌的地方。
说明文的重点段落是对说明对象的解说最为具体、运用说明方法最为
集中、最为灵活的地方。
议论文的重点段落是论据最为集中、论证最为充分的地方。
理解关键
5
语句
划分记叙 1 抓住时间标志
抓住地点
2
转移
抓住情节 情节一般可分为开端、发展、高潮、结局。依据情节的椎进就能划分
文的段落 3
转换 出层次。
层次
抓住描写
4 可以按描写对象的不同来划分层次
角度
抓住感情
5
变化
基本结构
1 引论(提出问题)——本论(分析问题)——结论(解决问题)
形式
划分论说
理清内部
文的段落 2 内部结构可以分为：并列式、层进式，对比式、总分式等
结构
层次
把握中心 议论文中常常在一段中有一个中心句，或在段首，或在段尾，或在段
3
句 中，如能准确地把握，该段的层次关系就容易划分
续写写作“三环四步”构思模式
例文：
（改编自2020年7月浙江卷高考英语试题）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续
写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
One fall，my wife Elli and I had a single goal： to photograph polar bears. We
were staying at a research camp outside“ the polar bear capital of the world”—the town of
Churchill in Manitoba，Canada.
Taking pictures of polar bears is amazing but also dangerous. Polar bears—like all
wild animals—should be photographed from a safe distance. When Im face to face with a
polar bear，I like it to be through a camera with a telephoto lens. But sometimes，that is
easier said than done. This was one of those times.
As Elli and I cooked dinner，a young male polar bear who was playing in a nearby
lake sniffed，and smelled our garlic bread.
The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp，which was surrounded by a high
wire fence. He pulled and bit the wire. He stood on his back legs and pushed at the
wooden fence posts.
Terrified，Elli and I tried all the bear defense actions we knew. We yelled at the
bear，hit pots hard，and fired blank shotgun shells into the air. Sometimes loud noises
like these will scare bears off. Not this polar bear though—he just kept trying to tear
down the fence with his massive paws（爪子）.I radioed the camp manager for help. He told me a helicopter was on its way，but it
would be 30 minutes before it arrived. Making the best of this close encounter（相遇），
I took some pictures of the bear.
Elli and I feared the fence wouldn’t last through 30 more minutes of the bears
punishment. The camp manager suggested I use pepper spray. The spray burns the bears
eyes，but doesn't hurt them. So I approached our uninvited guest slowly and，through
the fence，sprayed him in the face. With an angry roar（吼叫），the bear ran to the lake
to wash his eyes.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右;
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph1：
A few minutes later，the bear headed back to our camp.
Paragraph2：
At that very moment，the helicopter arrived.
“三环”整体构绘续写图景
环节一：审题
审题是最重要的步骤，务必认真对待。读后续写的审题不止是审题目要求了，而
是审读所给语言材料和所给段落首句等，在审读这些内容时，要重点弄清以下五点。
1. 审人称。审原材料的人物和续写部分的人物需要用哪种人称出现在续写文章里，
要特别注意原材料里“拟人化”的人物其人称代词的选用。
2. 审时态。审原材料的主体时态，多种时态的混合使用;审续写部分的时态选择。
3. 审情节。一方面，审原材料的故事情节。续写部分要求“根据所给情节进行续
写”，表明续写内容是原材料故事情节的延续，因此原材料的故事情节是续写部分的
“指南针”，指引续写部分的方向。另一方面，审续写部分每段的开头语，领悟续写部
分每段的开头语的提示作用，从而探索续写部分组织材料的导向。
4. 审结构。审原材料篇章结构和写作特点，找出原材料主旨句或主旨段及细节材
料，明白细节材料是如何围绕中心思想而展開的，明白这个“中心思想”不只是原材料
的中心思想更是续写部分的中心思想，是续写部分的灵魂，是组织材料的框架，千千万万不同的材料可以倒进这个框架，但目的只有一个：服务中心思想。绝对不能离开中心
思想的“势力范围”。
5. 审衔接。审原材料的尾段特别是尾段的尾句与续写首段的开头语的衔接关系，
从这个“关系”中可以窥探续写首段的情节构思方向：是接着尾句继续写下去或是与尾
段并列还是接着尾段的反方向续写，等等。审续写首段的尾句与续写第二段开头语的衔
接关系，要承上启下，让两个段落衔接自然，发挥“红娘”的作用，因此该特殊位置的
句意务必认真对待。审续写第二段的结束句，句意要充满正能量，升华文章主题，发挥
“画龙点睛”的作用，不仅“使之构成一个完整的故事”，而且具有积极的教育意义。
▲2020年7月高考浙江卷读后续写审题
①人称：Elli是第三人称，the bear是“拟人化”的人物，对应代词是he，him，
his。续写段落以第一人称为主。
②时态：原材料和续写部分的主体时态都是一般过去时态。
③情节：“我”和妻子Elli共有一个目标：拍到北极熊的照片。有一天，夫妻俩在
科研营地做饭时一只北极熊闻到面包味来到营地，北极熊要穿过营地围栏。夫妻俩使用
很多方法抵御北极熊，情况危急，同时拍到北极熊的一些照片，幸好最后脱险。拍到北
极熊的照片是不容易的。
④结构：原材料篇章结构清楚易懂，第二段是主旨段，“But sometimes，that is
easier said than done. This was one of those times.”是主旨句，是中心思想（拍到北极熊
的照片说的比做的容易，这便是其中一次经历）。其他段落是细节描写服务中心思想。
⑤衔接：原材料的尾句“With an angry roar（吼叫），the bear ran to the lake to
wash his eyes.”与续写首段开头语“A few minutes later，the bear headed back to our
camp ”衔接自然，可以接着尾句情节续写;续写首段的尾句必须与续写第二段开头语
“At that very moment，the helicopter arrived.”有合理逻辑联系，该句意思要认真构思;
续写第二段的结束句句意要有满满正能量，要谨慎构思。
环节二：构思
构思是指组织材料。经过认真的审题之后就可以为续写搜集材料，可以使用各种
各样的材料构思情节，但材料要符合“与所给短文融洽度高，与所提供各段落开头语衔
接合理”的要求，并且要围绕全文中心思想而展开。如2020年高考浙江卷的读后续写
可以这样构思。
▲构思续写第一段由材料尾句“With an angry roar（吼叫），the bear ran to the lake to wash his
eyes.”和所给首段首句”A few minutes later，the bear headed back to our camp.”构思：
We saw this. We thought another danger was on the way.
由原文第五段“夫妻俩使用很多方法抵御北极熊，同时拍到北极熊的一些照片，
情况危急”构思：We wanted to turned the bear around. Elli threw our bread as far as
possible. The bear smelled the bread and ran back for it. I took this good opportunity to
photograph the bear. The flashing camera attracted his attention. The bear dashed back
again and roared angrily. The bear gathered all his power to pull down the fence. The bear
got in. I attempted to use pepper spray to force him off but failed.
由第二段所给首句“At that very moment，the helicopter arrived.”构思尾句：He
was a great danger to us.
▲构思续写第二段
由“At that very moment，the helicopter arrived”推测：直升机来到后，夫妻俩如
何与北极熊周旋。可以这样构思：The helicopter produced noises. The helicopter was a
giant. It was more powerful than him. We hid ourselves behind the helicopter. The bear
was terrified not to come forward. We were safe. The bear would not like to leave. The
bear wanted to attack us. The bear made some aggressive actions. Sometimes he glared at
us. Sometimes he roared to us. Sometimes he watched the helicopter in a funny way.
由原文情节“夫妻俩共有一个目标：拍到北极熊的照片”，构思：We took the
pictures of all his “posts”.
由全文主旨“幸好最后脱险”，构思：Then we left in the helicopter.
由“续写第二段的结束句要有积极的教育意义”，构思：Polar bears needed
protecting.
▲续写段落整体构思如下：
A few minutes later，the bear headed back to our camp. We saw this. We thought
another danger was on the way. We wanted to turned the bear around. Elli threw our
bread as far as possible. The bear smelled the bread and ran back for it. I took this good
opportunity to photograph the bear. The flashing camera attracted his attention. The bear
dashed back again and roared angrily. The bear gathered all his power to pull down thefence. The bear got in. I attempted to use pepper spray to force him off but failed. He was
a great danger to us.
At that very moment，the helicopter arrived. The helicopter produced noises. The
helicopter terrified the bear not to come forward. We were safe. We hid ourselves behind
the helicopter. The bear would not like to leave. The bear wanted to attack us. The bear
made some aggressive actions. Sometimes he glared at us. Sometimes he roared to us.
Sometimes he watched the helicopter in a funny way. We took the pictures of all
his“ posts”. Then we left in the helicopter. Polar bears needed protecting.
环节三：润色
根据评分标准“所使用语法结构和词汇丰富、准确”“有效地使用了语句间的连
接成分，使所续写短文结构紧凑”去润色，把“构思”的句子进行修改，使得行文流畅，
逻辑合理，语意连贯，语法正确，英语味浓。
为使语言形象生动，避免所有句子都以主语开头，可以把表语或状语前置使用倒
装结构;避免句式单一，要灵活应用分词短语、with的复活结构、强调句、并列句、主
从复合句、省略句;避免使用表意笼统化的词汇，应该使用表意具体的高级词汇;还要注
意长短句相间;为增强文章的可读性，根据上下文的逻辑关系，可恰当添加过渡性的词
语或连接词，如not only ... but also，either ... or ...，however，as a result，what’s
more，in addition 等。
▲构思部分润色示例
A few minutes later，the bear headed back to our camp. Seeing this，we thought
another danger was on the way. To turned the bear around，Elli threw our bread as far as
possible and smelling the bread ， the bear ran back for it. So I took this good
opportunity to photograph him. With the camera flashing，the bear dashed back again，
roaring angrily. Besides，the bear gathered all his power to pull down the fence and got
in. I attempted to use pepper spray to force him off but failed. Obviously，he was a great
danger.
At that very moment，the helicopter arrived. The helicopter producing noises scared
the bear a distance away. We were safe. However，the bear would not like to leave but to
attack us. Therefore ， he made some aggressive actions. Sometimes he glared at us.
Sometimes he roared to us. Sometimes he watched the helicopter in a funny way. Wehurried to take the pictures of all his “posts”. Then we left in the helicopter ，realizing
polar bears needed protecting.
上面续写的两个段落与每段的开头语能很好衔接，段落之间也能够衔接;细节描写
生动，逻辑性强，续写情节能够根据原材料情节进行续写，构成一个完整的故事。语法
运用正确，英语味浓，多次使用现在分词作状语，with的复合结构，不定式作目的状语
前置，长短句相间;文章的可读性强，多次使用过渡性的词语或连接词。
“四步”整体产出续写文本
例文：
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短
文。
Jenny was the only child in her home. She had a quarrel with her mother that
afternoon and she ran out of the house angrily. She couldn’t help weeping when she
thought of the scolding from her mother. Having wandered in the street for hours， she
felt a little hungry and wished for something to eat. She stood beside a stand for a
while， watching the middle-aged seller busy doing his business. However， with no
money in hand， she sighed and had to leave.
The seller behind the stand noticed the young girl and
asked， “Hey， girl， you want to have the noodles？”
“Oh， yes ... but I don’t have money on me，”she replied.
“That’s nothing. Ill treat you today，”said the man.“Come in.”
The seller brought her a bowl of noodles， whose smell was so attractive. As she
was eating， Jenny cried silently.
“What is it？”asked the man kindly.
“Nothing， actually I was just touched by your kindness！”said Jenny.“Even a
stranger on the street will give me a bowl of noodles， while my mother drove me out
of the house. She showed no care for me. She is so merciless compared to a stranger！”
Hearing the words， the seller smiled，“Girl， do you really think so？ I
only gave you a bowl of noodles and you thanked me a lot. But it is your mother who hasraised you since you were a baby. Can you number the times she cooked for you？ Have
you expressed your gratitude to her？”
Jenny sat there ， speechless and numb with shock; she remembered Mothers
familiar face and weathered hands.“Why did I not think of that？ A bowl of noodles
from a stranger made me feel grateful， but I have never thanked my mum for what she
has done for me.”
On the way home， Jenny made up her mind to make an apology to her mother for
her rudeness as soon as she arrived home.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右;
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1：
Nearing the doorway， Jenny took a deep breath.
Paragraph 2：
A gentle touch on her hair called her mind back.
步骤一：读懂大意， 理清脉络
根据记叙文的六要素弄清文章大意，特别要弄清故事的人物及人物之间的关系、
时态（通常是一般过去时）、事件（故事的起因和经过），以及语言特色（以便在续写
时语言特色前后一致，保持不变），等等。 本文的人物和事件如下：
据此可知，所给材料主要情节或故事发展的脉络如下：
珍妮跟母亲吵架，离家出走，街上游荡几个钟后，感觉饥饿。
好心人给她一碗面吃，她感动流泪。
这位陌生人告诉她，母亲将她养大，给她做了无数次饭菜，应当感谢她的母亲。
珍妮意识到自己错了，决定回家向妈妈道歉。
珍妮跟母亲吵架，离家出走，街上游荡几个钟后，感觉饥饿。好心人给她一碗面吃，她感动流泪;这位陌生人告诉她，母亲将她养大，给她做了
无数次饭菜，应当感谢她的母亲。
珍妮意识到自己错了，决定回家向妈妈道歉。
另外，本文的语言特色：
（1）有较多的人物對话。
（2）用了较为高级的语法结构。如：
形容词作补语：
Jenny sat there， speechless and numb with shock.
分词短语作状语：
She stood beside a stand for a while， watching ...
Hearing the words， the seller smiled ...
步骤二：细读首句，构思框架
仔细阅读所给两段的首句，结合正能量结尾，思考大致框架。本题所给两段首句
为：
Nearing the doorway， Jenny took a deep breath.（走到门口，珍妮深吸了一口
气）
A gentle touch on her hair called her mind back.（轻轻一碰她的头发，她的思绪又
回来了）
由续写的第一段首句与第二段首句确定第一段的框架。
由第一段首句可知，珍妮应是鼓起勇气敲门回家，但从第二段首句来看，“轻轻
碰她的头发”的应是母亲，因为人物就三个，续写中一般不要随意冒出一个新的人物，
除非情节发展的需要;“思维回来”说明第一段中，珍妮回家没见到母亲，在回忆跟母亲
吵架的事，或在回忆母亲多年的关爱。第二段才出现母亲，第一段应是母亲不在家，那
么母亲去哪里了呢？根据常识，女儿出走，应是找她女儿去了。
第二段的框架，由第二段首句与正能量结尾来确定。
故事内容一定要正能量，弘扬社会主义核心价值观。如迷路了但最终一定回到了
家;失败了或遇到困难了，但最终一定成功了;吵架了但最后一定是言归于好，和睦相处;
犯错了，最后一定会改过自新，重新做人;贼逃了，最后一定是绳之以法，等等。
因此，根据正能量原则，本文的结尾，应是母女和好。第二段的框架是，母亲回来，女儿道歉，母亲原谅，母女和好。
步骤三：增加细节，开始写作
在已定框架范围内，依据情节发展和生活常识，推断故事中人物所见、所闻、所
思、所说、所做等给每段增加5至8个具体细节。如本题的第一段可以构思以下细节：
第一段
鼓足勇气，推门进屋/母亲外出，不知何处/累而难过，沙发上坐/争吵场面，浮现脑
海/自己粗鲁，愧对其母/母亲责骂，皆因关爱/自感羞愧，泪流脸颊
第二段
抬头一望，看见母亲/到处找你，你在这里/母亲虽累，松了口气/扑入怀里，道歉致
谢/母亲听后，喜在心头
根据一致性原则，除内容上要语义衔接，上下连贯外，语言风格也要一致，应使
用分词语短和形容词作状语等。
在确定框架、增加细节之后，就可以开始写作了。
步骤四：修改润色，整洁誊写
初稿完成后要认真检查，注意语义是否衔接，前后是否连贯，事件是否符合逻辑，
语言特色是否与前文一致。在修改润色之后，整齐工整地誊写在答卷上。
【参考范文】
Paragraph 1：
Nearing the doorway， Jenny took a deep breath. When she pushed the door open
and entered the house， she found her mother was not in. Tired and sad， she sank
down onto the sofa.“Where could my mother be？”she wondered.“Was she still angry
with me？”Again， the scene of the quarrel appeared in her mind. She remembered
her rudeness to her mother. Realizing that all the scolding from her mother was due to the
fact that her mother really cared a lot about her， she felt rather ashamed， and tears
began to roll down her cheeks.
Paragraph 2：
A gentle touch on her hair called her mind back. She raised her head and saw the
familiar face of her mother.“Here you come！I’ve been looking for you，”she
said， tired and relieved. Jenny couldn’t help throwing herself into her mothers arms.“Mum， I’m so sorry and thank you for all you have done for me.”She expressed her
sincere apology and great gratitude. Hearing this， her mother smiled， patting her
back gently.
【提升练习】
1．（2024·江苏盐城·三模）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之
构成一篇完整的短文。
“Dreadful !” Aliya exclaimed in frustration, her gaze locked onto the disappointing grades
in her latest math exam. It felt like failure had woven itself into the fabric of her existence,
relentlessly mocking her despite her diligent efforts. With a swift motion, she stuffed the paper
deep into her bag, hoping to evade any snide remarks from her classmates.
Just as she discreetly wiped away her tears with the back of her hand, her teacher, Mrs.
Leena, caught sight of her distress. Approaching Aliya’s desk with a gentle demeanor, she
requested to speak with her during the break.
Curious yet apprehensive, Aliya found herself anxiously awaiting the lunch bell. When it
finally chimed, she headed to Mrs. Leena’s side. Upon seeing her, the teacher beckoned her to take
a seat beside her, studying Aliya’s troubled expression with concern.
Clearing her throat with a reassuring smile, Mrs. Leena began, “You appear troubled, Aliya.
I have a hunch about what’s weighing on your mind. If you’re willing, perhaps we can find a way
through this together.”
Confused, Aliya replied, “Ma’am, ever since the term started, I’ve been grappling with
math. No matter how much effort I put in, success remains elusive. It’s disheartening,” she
confessed, her voice tinged with sadness.
Mrs. Leena reassured her, “There’s no need to be so downcast, my dear. With dedication,
resolve, and perseverance—the trifecta of success—you’ll progress and triumph. The initial step is
often the toughest, but once you commit to pushing forward without giving up, victory awaits.
Now, gather your strength, and let’s tackle this challenge head-on.”
Taking her teacher’s words to heart, Aliya embarked on a rigorous journey, diligently
adhering to Mrs. Leena’s guidance. By the time the finals approached, she had meticulously
reviewed her math textbook, feeling thoroughly prepared and confident.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;2. 请按如下格式作答。
On the exam day, a fear of failure upset her stomach.
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She passed her maths exam with an unbelievable A grade on her report card.
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2．（2024·广东惠州·一模）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之
构成一篇完整的短文。
Stranded (困住) far from family, I refused to give up
The date had been circled on my calendar for months — Friday 18 December 2013. Mum
was coming to pick me up from university and bring me home for the Christmas holidays. There
was nothing that made me happier than Christmas with my family. Our small celebrations were
the same every year. I could picture it. Mum, my younger brother and me all dressed up and
opened presents on Christmas morning by the tree, the same festive CD sound tracking our day.
The call came at 10am that Friday. I was dressed and packed, Christmas presents divided
into carrier bags. I’d made sure the fridge in my shared student kitchen was empty, everything
eaten or chucked away, and my live-in carer was leaving at lunchtime.
“We are not going to make it,” my mum said on the phone. “Ken was blanketed overnight,
with up to 20cm falling in three hours. We’ve crawled as far as Detling, but they’ve closed themotorway because it was dusted in a thick layer of snow. There’s no way we can get to you.” I
was stranded.
Alone in my student bedroom, I burst into tears. “What am I going to do?” My life was
different from that of other students. Without my carer, I had no one to help me cook, wash and
get into bed. My friends had already left and the halls of residence were eerily (怪异地) quiet.
Suddenly, a crazy idea came across my mind, “How about going home independently using the
wheelchair?” Anyway, I decided to have a try. After calling multiple firms in the hope that their
one wheelchair-adapted vehicle was available, I was lucky to get an accessible one to the train
station. One hour later, I arrived, but found myself stranded on the bustling platform, feeling
helplessly at the steps leading up the train.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Just then a few young men noticed my struggle in the wheelchair and came to help me.
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When I finally arrived home, making it indoors, mum was shocked to see me.
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3．（2024·甘肃·二模）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成
一篇完整的短文。
Wilson’s dog, Jack, was an energetic, six-year-old collie that would meet him every day atthe trolley (电车) station when Wilson returned from work. This was a routine that had begun
when Jack was a pup (小狗). The dog knew the route to and from the station like the back of his
paw-and following that route was the highlight of his day. So when Wilson changed jobs and had
to move to California, he thought it best to leave Jack at his home in Philadelphia with a relative.
He explained all this to the dog upon leaving and told him that they both would have to adjust to
new homes.
But Jack didn’t want a new home. He would not stay with the family he’d been left with.
He returned to Wilson’s old house, even though it was boarded up, and there he passed his lonely
days beside an abandoned chair in the porch (门廊). But every evening, tail wagging, he trotted
(小跑) off to the trolley station. For as long as Jack had been in the world, Wilson had always
taken the same trolley home from work, and Jack had been there to greet him. But evening after
evening, there was no sign of the dog’s master, Confused and sad, he would return alone to the
deserted house.
The dog’s depression grew. He refused the food left for him, and as the days passed, he
became thinner and thinner and his ribs (骨) could be seen even through his thick blond coat. But
every evening, ever hopeful, he’d go to the station to meet the trolley. And every evening, he’d
return to the porch more depressed than before. No one knows why Jack’s new family didn’t
contact Wilson.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Jack’s worsening condition did not go unnoticed.
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The trolley soon took Wilson to the station.
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4．（2024·江西南昌·二模）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之
构成一篇完整的短文。
Today was February 5th, a cold rainy morning, the sort of start that made me wish that I
could skip school and head back to my warm home, and bed. Though it was my senior year, most
days seemed to re-main the same boredom.
Being late for 5 minutes, I dashed up the stairs, swung open the door to my British
Literature class, like a sopping wet dog, and plopped down (砰然坐下) in my seat. The eyes
around the room glared at me, as my teacher cleared her throat, “Mathew maybe go and see the
lost-and-found for a change of clothes.” I felt my face turn red and stormed out quickly.
The lost-and-found bin did not look promising, until I came across an oversized navy coat
at the bot-tom. I put it on and zipped up, this would do for the next couple of hours. Freezing up, I
dug my hands deeper down into the pockets to keep warm. Then I hit something, and pulled out a
somewhat crinkled (皱巴巴的) piece of notebook paper with some words. “To you, yes you.” I
read aloud, realizing that this must be a letter from someone. “Dear Person, I don’t know exactly
who you are, but I believe that this letter found you for a reason. I am the least likely of people to
write something of this sort, but it’s my senior year, and I thought that I would make true friends.
If you would like to participate in this experiment, please leave your response in locker 115,
second floor.” My eyes brightened.
I finished my letter by the bell, as I made my way through the crowd, Charlie jammed his
shoulder into mine from the opposite direction. “Hey! Out of my way!” I shouted. He just ignored
me, not looking back. Charlie is popular in our school and people like him (but not me). I know
Charlie never likes me, ever since primary school. I finally made it to the second floor, slipped the
letter into the locker, and left secretly.
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1: Soon my unseen pen pal and I wrote letters every day.
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Paragraph 2: I waited for my pen pal in the stadium after school that day.
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5．（2024·贵州遵义·二模）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的
故事。
Belinda and Robert Stone were enjoying a peaceful afternoon together in Barbados — their
favorite vacation destination. It was a warm afternoon, and they decided it was the perfect time to
go for an ocean swim.
“We were floating around, saying how enjoyable this was, what a terrific holiday.” said
Belinda. “We swam out, not that far but enough to be out of our depth.”
The couple — who live in London— are both relatively strong swimmers, Belinda said, so
they “felt fully confident” being in the ocean. But they hadn’t considered just how strong the
current was that particular day. Although they had visited Barbados several times, they didn’t
realize the specific area they swam to was known for its strong riptide (激流).
The couple noticed that they were floating in the direction of the neighboring beach, so
Belinda decided to swim toward the beach they came from, against the current. She soon realizedthat her husband was floating behind — and was suddenly too far away to even hear her. She
attempted to swim to the shore to get help but struggled to push past the current.
“I just couldn’t get anywhere,” said Belinda, 64, who began to scream out for a lifeguard.
No one came after a few minutes.
Two teenage girls — Emma. 14, and Zoe, 13 — were surfboarding near the shore. They
were in Barbados as part of a swimming camp and both experienced in the water. Zoe spotted
Belinda, who was about 85 feet away, and heard her cries for help. The two girls quickly reached
Belinda, and Zoe helped pull her onto the surfboard. They swam parallel to the shore and brought
Belinda to safety. Belinda, grateful but still scared, told them that her husband was stuck farther
out in the ocean.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
The girls were the only ones at the water’s edge.
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Paragraph 2:
Finally, they made it to shore.
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6．（2024·湖南怀化·二模）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语，续写两段使之
构成一篇完整的短文。Tom adored does very much and he always fed the homeless dogs, enjoying the company of
those lovely animals.
It was a nice holiday. Tom’s parents sent him to his Aunt’s house, where there was a a little
dog called KiKi. The dog had golden fur which felt very comfortable, like touching the soft
cotton. Every time KiKi saw Tom, it would leap to its feet. wagging his tail and his eyes sparkling
with excitement.
However, KiKi was unhappy in the house He was not given his meals on time, nor was he
taken for a walk. KiKi was always shouted at and abused all day. “Your aunt bought KiKi so that
the dog could protect her house from thieves, but actually she doesn’t love him”, a neighbour of
Tom’s aunt told him one day.
Tom felt sad. At night he could hear KiKi make mournful sounds in the cold.“Why don’t
you make a coat for your pet?”Tom paused and said, “He feels cold.” His aunt answered, “I have
much better things to do. It’s just a dog!”
One day Tom went out for a walk with KiKi, when a fierce storm started. Tom ran to take
shelter in a sweet shop. It was only after a few minutes that he realized that KiKi was not with
him. “The storm separated us”, Tom was sad, telling his aunt. “I searched the entire place with the
help of the sweet shop owner but I couldn’t find him.”Tom’s aunt posted an advertisement in the
paper. After all she had spent a lot of money buying KiKi and did not want to lose him.
It was a half-hour ride by bus. The middle-aged lady who greeted KiKi was a motherly sort
of a woman. She and her husband had answered Tom’s aunt’s advertisement in the paper. Since
Tom’s aunt was out on an official tour, Tom had been sent to check on the dog. “He is asleep.” the
lady said. “Come and have a look. It is so cute, just like our dead dog, CiCi. We love him so
much.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: Tom went into the room and looked at the dog. That’s the lost dog he was
looking for.
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Paragraph2: After a moment of hesitation, Tom struggled to say that the dog was not his
aunt’s.
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7．（2024·江苏南通·二模）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之
构成一篇完整的短文。
Alvin Bamburg, 66, was deep in the woods in Grand Cane, Louisiana, last December when
something caught his eye. Among the fallen branches and leaves, it looked like litter. But
Bamburg was attracted and picked it up.
“God just told me,” he later recounted.
As he drew closer, he saw that it was a broken balloon. Attached was a piece of paper
decorated with sparkly star stickers. It was a child’s Christmas wish list.
“Dear Santa,” the handwritten note read. “My name is Luna. I am four years old. I live in
Liberal, Kansas. This year I have been nice. I would like candy, Spider-Man ball, Frozen doll.
With love, Luna.”
Bamburg’s heart hammered in his chest. Ever since he was a child, he had dreamed of this
very scenario. “Years ago,” he says, “classes at school released balloons with notes. I’ve always
wanted to find one.”
He believed this was his childhood wish coming true. And he knew he was going to make
Luna’s wish come true too.
However, the task seemed impossible, as Liberal, Kansas, is more than 650 miles from
Grand Cane, Louisiana. But Bamburg’s wife, Lee Ann Bamburg, didn’t mind the distance. As anenthusiastic Facebook user, she had seen other people find all sorts of connections through the site
and thought it might help her husband find Luna.
The next day Alvin posted a photo of the balloon and the Christmas list on his Facebook
page, asking for help locating the sender.
At first, he wasn’t confident the strategy would work. But as he saw the number of shares
and comments on his post climbed into the hundreds, his hope grew into expectation. “I knew we
were going to find Luna.” Alvin said.
And indeed, they did.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
One day Luna’s mother came across the post.
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When they arrived at Luna’s home, the entire family was surprised.
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8．（2024·广东茂名·二模）阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使
之构成一篇完整的短文。
I used to be a lonely girl sitting at the back of the classroom. Having failed the college
entrance exams and changed schools twice, I seldom smiled. Every day I would sit at the desk,
staring into textbooks and exercises, motionless and heavy-hearted. However, my classmates were
in a different picture. They were playing, laughing and chatting delightedly. Besides, I hated itwhen they were always answering the teachers’ questions, loudly and confidently. Obviously, I
had no friends in this fiercely competitive class.
Life is harder for senior students. Hardly does a day go by without exercises or tests. Every
time when the scores came out mine wouldn’t be the first or second but last. I was especially tired
of the endless exercises and exams, which I seemingly would never do well in. I was under a lot of
pressure, feeling like a fish being fried in a pan.
Hanging over me was a dark cloud. The only dim light came from Mr. Smith. Every time I
stepped into the classroom, he welcomed me with a warm smile; every time my gaze began to
wander over the classroom or stare out of the window, his caring eyes would draw me back to his
class. Besides, he was the only teacher who invited me to the office, talking about my studies and
scores. I remembered when I came out of his office, I felt refreshed believing that I could work
harder.
I was feeling everything was changing for the better. I prepared hard for the final exam of
the first semester, desiring to prove that I was not the last one. So before Mr. Smith told us the test
result, I was expecting something good in store for me.
But I was still the last one in the class. A burst of sadness and shame consuming me, I was
heartbroken.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Right at that moment, Mr. Smith invited me to his office.
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Finally, the college admission letter came.
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9．（2024·新疆·二模）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成
一篇完整的短文。
The lady speaking to me at the baseball game looked quite familiar. She said, “Alina? Is
that you?”
“Zoe?”
“It is you!” she said, smiling widely. “It is good to see you again!”
It was good to see Zoe, too. Off and on during the past tens of years, I’d wondered about
her. I almost tried to find her a few years ago, after a friend told me that Zoe had been going
through a hard time. So running into her at the baseball game was at the very least, unexpected.
We spent a few minutes catching up on the business of our lives, kids, work, houses,
education and hobbies, etc. We played a little “Have you seen...?” and “Did you know...?”And we
talked about the old days, both good and bad.
Then Zoe grew quiet for a while, looking at over the people moving around. “You know,
Alina,” she said, “I’ve always wanted to tell you... how... you know... how sorry I am for the way I
treated you.”
I felt a little uncomfortable remembering how Zoe had broken up with me without any
warning.
“It’s okay,” I said. “No big deal.” At least, I thought to myself, not anymore.
“But I was such a bad person,” she continued, lowering her head.
Yes, you were, I thought. “We were both pretty young,” I said.
“I know,” she said. “But that’s no excuse for...”She hesitated and then continued. “I’ve
always regretted remembering how mean I was to you. And I wanted to tell you that I’m sorry and
ask for your forgiveness. So…I’m sorry.”
“Would you accept my apology?” She asked.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The smile on her face was warm and sincere.
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Our growth always comes with wounds caused by others.
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10．（2024·甘肃张掖·三模）阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之
构成一篇完整的短文。
My sixth-grade students were seated in a large circle on the floor of our classroom. Each
student held a different tool in his or her hand, such as a hammer, a flashlight, and even an awl.
The lesson had gone perfectly. The students discussed how words are like tools—they have the
ability to build or to destroy, and they discovered how the right tool used at the right time for the
right job can cause great results. The sixth graders freely shared personal stories of how they had
experienced someone’s words used as a tool, , to wound or to heal. I watched and listened with a
sense of satisfaction—they got it!
A few days later, one of my students, Laura, had an unexpected and uncharacteristic
outburst of destructive behaviors in class. She refused to work with her group. I was aware from
reading Laura’s file that she had struggled with disobedient (叛逆的) behavior in previous years,
but we had developed a good relationship and she was always a respectful, thoughtful, and
positive contributor to our class. Her behavior caught me off guard. I asked her to excuse herself
and told her I would visit with her in our next door team center in just a minute, She refused to
leave and sat silently glaring at me from the back of the room. I rather firmly told her she needed
to excuse herself—this was NOT optional. She knew I meant it. She marched from the back of the
room to our classroom door, shooting me an angry look, and slammed the door as she left for theteam meeting room.
I continued our lesson and when the students were working together in their groups, I
gently closed our classroom door behind me, then marched the five steps next door to cur meeting
room where Laura was seated. In an unexpected and uncharacteristic gesture of frustration, I
slammed the meeting room door behind me. As I stood over her, I began to express how
disrespectful her behavior had been to our class. Her behavior angered me and I was sharp in my
tone and my words. Without looking at me, she absorbed my anger.
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
When I paused for her response, she slowly turned and proudly stated, “You’re using your
tool against me!”
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For the rest of the day and the rest of the year; Laura never had another outburst.
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11．（2024·山西晋中·模拟预测）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，
使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
I was a single parent of four small children, working at a minimum-wage job. Money was
always tight. It was Christmas time, and the big excitement for the kids was the fun of Christmas
shopping at the mall. I had saved $120 for presents to be shared by all five of us.The big day arrived and we started out early. I gave each of the four kids a twenty-dollar
bill and reminded them to look for gifts about four dollars each. Then everyone scattered. We had
two hours to shop; then we would meet back at the “Santa’s workshop” display.
Back in the car driving home, everyone was in high Christmas spirits, laughing and teasing
each other with clues about what they had bought. My younger daughter, Ginger, who was about
eight years old, was unusually quiet. I noted she had only one small, flat bag with her after her
shopping. I could see enough through the plastic bag to tell that she had bought candy bars—fifty-
cent candy bars! I was so angry. What did you do with that twenty dollar bill I gave you? I wanted
to yell at her, but I didn’t say anything until we got home. I called her into my bedroom and asked
her what she had done with the money. This is what she told me:
“I was looking around, thinking of what to buy, and I stopped to read the little cards on one
of the Salvation Army’s ‘Giving Trees’. One of the cards was for a little girl four years old, and all
she wanted for Christmas was a doll with clothes and a hairbrush. So, I took the card off the tree
and bought the doll and the hairbrush for her and took it to the Salvation Ar-my booth.”
“I only had enough money left to buy candy bars for us,” Ginger continued. “But we have so
much and she doesn’t have anything.”Paragraph 1:
I was deeply moved by Ginger’s unexpected act of kindness.
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Paragraph 2:
We determined to fulfill the wishes of the little girl on the Salvation Army’s “Giving Tree”.
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12．（2024·安徽黄山·模拟预测）阅读下面短文, 根据所给情节进行续写, 使之构成一个完
整的故事
Title: A Day of Unexpected Adventures
One sunny afternoon, Lily, a curious and adventurous girl, decided to explore the
mysterious old forest near her house. She packed a small backpack with some snacks and a map,
and set out on her adventure.
As she walked through the dense trees, she heard rustling leaves and the chirping of birds.
The air was filled with the scent of fresh earth and wildflowers. Suddenly, a bright flash of color
caught her eye. It was a rare butterfly, its wings shimmering with iridescent blues and greens. Lily
slowly followed the butterfly, her heart filled with excitement.
As she followed the butterfly deeper into the forest, Lily realized that she had lost sight of
it. She looked around, trying to orient herself with the map, but the dense foliage made it difficult
to navigate. Suddenly, she heard a strange sound coming from a nearby bush. Curious, she
cautiously approached and peeked inside. To her surprise, a small fox was looking back at her
with big, round eyes.
The fox seemed friendly, and Lily slowly reached out to pet it. The fox nuzzled her hand
and then led her through the forest, as if guiding her to somewhere. Lily followed eagerly, her
curiosity piqued. They passed through a clearing filled with wildflowers and came to a small
stream. The water was clear and sparkled in the sunlight. Lily knelt down to take a sip, and the fox
seemed to smile at her, its tail wagging happily.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右;
2. 部分分为两段, 每段的开头语已为你写好。
Para 1. After refreshing herself with the stream water,
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Para 2. As the sun began to set, Lily realized that it was time to return home._______________________________________________________________________________
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13．（2024·湖北武汉·三模）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使
之构成一篇完整的短文。
When my little brother Tom was four, Mom said something like “I’d give anything to have
a few more hours in the day.” And Tom said, “Why don’t we buy a bigger clock?” If time had
worked that way, I could have had more time last week!
Our teacher asked us to make an art project showing how plants eat, “I can’t believe we
only have two nights to finish it,” Noah said with a sigh. “I have no idea how I’ll get my project
done.”
I didn’t say anything. Not because I was nervous—I wasn’t nervous at all. 1 love art
projects! In fact, I was so relaxed that I didn’t work on the project at all on Monday night. I
planned to start the moment I got home from baseball practice on Tuesday. But there was just one
thing.
I forgot baseball would last longer than usual because it was the day of Baseball Buddies,
which happens every month, and it’s a chance for us older students to practise baseball with the
adorable younger kids. The minute I got home, I threw the entire craft box (手工盒) onto the
kitchen table, took out my “How Plants Eat” paper, and started to work. But just then, the
telephone rang.
It was my friend Ollie, who said his grandmother Abuela had just made cookies and wanted
to know if I’d come help decorate them. I love decorating cookies, and I love, love, love Abucla’s
world-famous Thanksgiving cookies that only happen once a year!
Feeling there was still time, I went anyway. Ollie and I put all the star cookies with red jam
filling in one group, and all the snowflakes with white cream-cheese filling in another. It was 7
o’clock when I finally got home. I planned to work on my project right after we ate. But then
another interruption hit me.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Just as I was about to start, Dad said, “Joanna, it’s your turn to do the dishes.”
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Paragraph 2:
The big “F” on my paper urged me to reflect and improve.
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14．（2024·广东深圳·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个
完整的故事。
Julia lived in a fairytale-like village among rolling hills, with a snaking river flowing
through its heart, home to diverse fishes. From a young age, she always spent hours running along
the riverbank and sometimes she sat down and watched in awe as the fishes swam gracefully
through the crystal-clear waters.
One day, she discovered a deep hole not far from the river. In the depth of it, there lay a tiny
pool of water where she spotted a trout (鳟鱼) gasping for air. She bent down and peered at the
fish in its tiny “prison”, its silver stomach going up and down like an engine. Thinking of its
hunger, Julia went and fetched the trout a worm, but it ignored the food and just went on breathing
fast. In her curious and sympathetic mind, she wondered how he had been there.
As she made her way back home, her mind was consumed with thoughts of the fish and themystery surrounding it. So, she told her mother the tale of the trout in the deep hole and asked for
her opinion.
“Maybe a bird had carried the egg to the hole, just like the story.” She replied.
“What story?” Naturally, Julia followed.
And so her mother started to tell the whole story of how a bird carried a trout egg to a deep
well, where the trout was born and trapped.
“And so, in the end, this fish got bigger and bigger, and the water got smaller and smaller.”
She was about to end the story when Julia cried out loud: “Mom, please don’t make it a sad
horrible story.”
To change the direction of the story, her mother even brought in a fairy, who had made it
rain and filled the hole, so that the trout could be scooped (舀) up and then sent back to the river.
At the end of the story, Julia sank into thoughts as she knew that there was no such thing as
a fairy but the trout was really there, struggling for its life.
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Thinking of this, Julia ran out, bucket in hand.
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Cheerful and fulfilled, she couldn’t wait but rush home.
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15．（2024·云南大理·模拟预测）阅读下面材料，根据内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My dream comes true
The rain had started to fall gently through the evening air as darkness fell over Sydney. The
noise was deafening. As I walked towards the track, I glanced around me at the sea of faces in the
stands, but mind was focused. The Olympic gold medal was just minutes away, hanging
tantalizingly (引诱人地) in the distance.
My heart was beating loudly. I was so close to the realization of my childhood dream and
the feeling was fantastic. I knew I would have to push myself beyond my known limits to ensure
that my dream came true.
I tried to keep my head, telling myself not to panic, to stick to the plan and run my own
race. I knew the Russian girls would set off quickly-and I had to finish this race fewer than ten
seconds behind the Russian athlete Yelena Prokhorova. If I could do that, the title would be mine.
I looked out along the first stretch of the 400 m track and caught my breath.
My ankle was bandaged against an injury in the long jump just a couple of hours earlier, but
I shut out all thoughts of pain.
The starting gun was fired, and the race began. The first lap was good, and I managed to
keep up with the group, but I was feeling much more tired than I usually did, and much more than
I’d imagined. Both the long, hard weeks of training that had led up to this championship, and the
exhaustion from two days of fierce competition were showing in my performance. Mental and
physical tiredness were starting to over- come me, and I had to fight back.
Prokhorova had set the pace from the start. It was important that I didn’t let her get too far
in front. I had to stay with her. At the bell I was 2.3 seconds behind her. Just one lap to go. One
lap. I could do it. I had to keep going. I could see the gap opening between me and the Russian.
Thankfully, my foot was holding out, so now it was all down to mental stamina (耐力).
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Prokhorova was pulling away.
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Then, the moment that will stay with me for the rest of my life—my name in lights.
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