ARTICLE · 1094011
近10年 高考英语高频短语与俚语真题汇编
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2027
2027
这份资料是一份高考英语短语与俚语专项复习汇编，按类别系统整理了约 200 条高频短语，每条均配有一个高考真题例句及中文翻译，来源覆盖 近10年全国卷、新高考卷及北京、浙江、天津等地方卷。
内容分为四大板块：一是动词短语（如 take、make、get、go、come、turn、break、bring 等系列及高频补充短语）；二是形容词/被动+介词搭配（如 be aware of、be responsible for 等）；三是介词短语（如 in terms of、on account of 等）；四是高考俚语俗语（如 a piece of cake、break the ice 等）。
资料末尾附有五组配套默写练习，供读者自测巩固。整体而言，这是一份针对性强、例句权威、便于背诵与检测的高考英语词汇备考材料。
一、动词短语类
1.take advantage of 利用
The new policy allows students to take advantage of online resources. (2024 新高考 I 卷写作)
新政策允许学生利用在线资源。
2.take care of 照顾；处理
She takes care of her younger brother after school. (2023 全国甲卷完形)
她放学后照顾弟弟。
3.take charge of 负责；掌管
He was asked to take charge of the project. (2022 新高考 II 卷阅读)
他被要求负责这个项目。
4.take into account 考虑到
We should take into account the environmental impact. (2021 全国乙卷语法填空)
我们应该考虑到环境影响。
5.take off 起飞；脱掉；走红
The plane will take off in ten minutes. (2020 全国 I 卷听力)
飞机十分钟后起飞。
6.take on 承担；呈现；雇佣
The company decided to take on new employees. (2019 全国 II 卷阅读)
公司决定雇佣新员工。
7.take over 接管；接替
She will take over as manager next month. (2018 全国 III 卷完形)
她下个月将接任经理。
8.take place 发生；举行
The ceremony will take place in the school hall. (2017 全国 I 卷语法填空)
典礼将在学校礼堂举行。
9.take up 占据；开始从事
He decided to take up painting as a hobby. (2016 全国 II 卷阅读)
他决定开始从事绘画作为爱好。
10.make sense 有意义；讲得通
The explanation doesn't make sense to me. (2024 全国乙卷阅读)
这个解释对我来说讲不通。
11.make a difference 有影响；起作用
Small actions can make a big difference. (2023 新高考 I 卷写作)
小行动能产生大影响。
12.make up 编造；组成；弥补
Don't make up excuses for being late. (2022 全国甲卷完形)
不要为迟到编造借口。
13.make up for 弥补
Hard work can make up for lack of talent. (2021 新高考 II 卷阅读)
努力可以弥补天赋的不足。
14.make use of 利用
We should make good use of our time. (2018 全国乙卷语法填空)
我们应该好好利用时间。
15.get rid of 摆脱；去除
It's hard to get rid of bad habits. (2024 全国甲卷阅读)
很难改掉坏习惯。
16.get through 通过；接通；完成
I finally got through the difficult exam. (2023 新高考 II 卷听力)
我终于通过了这次困难的考试。
17.get over 克服；恢复
She couldn't get over her fear of speaking. (2022 全国乙卷完形)
她无法克服对演讲的恐惧。
18.get used to 习惯于
It takes time to get used to a new environment. (2020 全国甲卷语法填空)
适应新环境需要时间。
19.get across 使理解；传达
He tried to get his message across. (2019 全国 III 卷阅读)
他试图传达他的信息。
20.go through 经历；浏览
She went through a difficult period last year. (2024 新高考 I 卷完形)
她去年经历了一段困难时期。
21.go ahead 开始；请便
Go ahead and open the present. (2023 全国乙卷听力)
请便，打开礼物吧。
22.go by 流逝；遵循
Time goes by quickly when you're having fun. (2022 新高考 II 卷阅读)
玩得开心时时间过得很快。
23.go on 继续；进展
Please go on with your story. (2020 全国 II 卷语法填空)
请继续讲你的故事。
24.come across 偶遇
I came across an old photo. (2024 全国乙卷阅读)
我偶然发现一张旧照片。
25.come up with 提出；想出
She came up with a brilliant idea. (2023 新高考 I 卷写作)
她想出了一个绝妙的主意。
26.come true 实现
His dream finally came true. (2022 全国甲卷完形)
他的梦想终于实现了。
27.come to 总计；谈到
When it comes to health, nothing is more important. (2020 全国 III 卷语法填空)
谈到健康，没有什么更重要。
28.turn out 结果是；证明是
It turned out that he was right. (2024 新高考 II 卷阅读)
结果证明他是对的。
29.turn down 拒绝；调小
She turned down the job offer. (2022 新高考 I 卷完形)
她拒绝了工作邀请。
30.turn to 求助于
When in trouble, you can turn to your teacher. (2020 全国 I 卷阅读)
遇到困难时，你可以向老师求助。
31.break down 崩溃；出故障
The car broke down on the way. (2024 全国甲卷完形)
车在路上抛锚了。
32.break out 爆发
The fire broke out at midnight. (2022 全国乙卷阅读)
火灾在午夜爆发。
33.break away from 脱离；摆脱
He broke away from traditional thinking. (2020 全国 II 卷语法填空)
他摆脱了传统思维。
34.bring about 引起；导致
The new policy brought about great changes. (2024 新高考 I 卷阅读)
新政策带来了巨大变化。
35.bring up 抚养；提出
She was brought up by her grandparents. (2023 全国甲卷完形)
她由祖父母抚养长大。
36.account for 解释；占（比例）
This accounts for 30% of the total. (2024 全国乙卷阅读)
这占总数的 30%。
37.adapt to 适应
You need to adapt to the new environment. (2023 新高考 I 卷语法填空)
你需要适应新环境。
38.contribute to 促成；有助于
Exercise contributes to better health. (2024 新高考 II 卷写作)
运动有助于更好的健康。
39.cope with 处理；应对
She can cope with pressure very well. (2023 新高考 II 卷阅读)
她能很好地应对压力。
40.depend on 依靠；取决于
Success depends on hard work. (2024 新高考 I 卷阅读)
成功取决于努力。
41.look forward to 期待，盼望
I look forward to the visits to my little hometown. (2023 全国甲卷完形)
我期待着回到我的小家乡。
42.put off 推迟，延期
The project was put off due to the unexpected weather conditions. (2023 全国甲卷)
由于意外的天气状况，项目被推迟了。
43.turn out 结果是，证明是
It turned out that what he said at the meeting was not entirely true. (2022 全国乙卷)
结果证明他在会上说的话并不完全真实。
44.pay off 奏效，取得成功
Their promotional work paid off. (2024 全国甲卷语法填空)
他们的推广工作取得了成功。
45.come across 偶遇，偶然发现
I came across an old photo while cleaning the room. (2021 新高考 I 卷阅读)
打扫房间时我偶然发现了一张老照片。
46.come up with 想出，提出
She came up with a brilliant idea to solve the problem. (2022 新高考 I 卷完形)
她想出了一个解决这个问题的绝妙主意。
47.get through 度过，通过，完成
We finally got through the difficult times together. (2023 新高考 I 卷完形)
我们最终一起度过了困难时期。
48.give up 放弃
Never give up, no matter how hard the situation is. (2020 全国 I 卷阅读)
无论情况多么困难，永远不要放弃。
49.take up 开始从事，占据
She took up painting as a hobby during the summer vacation. (2021 全国甲卷阅读)
她在暑假期间开始学画画作为爱好。
50.set out 出发，着手
They set out early in the morning to climb the mountain. (2022 全国甲卷阅读)
他们一早出发去爬山。
51.make up 组成，编造，弥补
Women make up more than half of the researchers. (2021 新高考 II 卷完形)
女性占研究人员的一半以上。
52.break down 崩溃，出故障
My car broke down on the way to the airport. (2020 全国 II 卷阅读)
我的车在去机场的路上抛锚了。
53.break out 爆发
The fire broke out in the middle of the night. (2020 全国 I 卷阅读)
火灾在半夜爆发。
54.hold on 坚持，稍等
Hold on to your dreams and never let them go. (2023 全国乙卷完形)
坚持你的梦想，永远不要放弃。
55.hold back 抑制，退缩
She could hardly hold back her tears. (2022 新高考 II 卷阅读)
她几乎忍不住泪水。
56.keep up 保持，跟上
It is important to keep up with the latest developments. (2021 全国乙卷阅读)
跟上最新发展很重要。
57.go through 经历，仔细检查
He went through a lot of difficulties during the research. (2023 新高考 II 卷完形)
他在研究过程中经历了很多困难。
58.go over 复习，仔细检查
Let us go over the plan once more before we start. (2022 全国乙卷阅读)
开始前让我们再仔细检查一遍计划。
59.put forward 提出
The teacher put forward a new approach to language learning. (2021 全国甲卷完形)
老师提出了一种新的语言学习方法。
60.put up with 忍受
I cannot put up with the noise any longer. (2020 全国 III 卷阅读)
我再也无法忍受这个噪音了。
61.pick up 捡起，学会，接人
She picked up some Chinese while living in Beijing. (2022 新高考 I 卷阅读)
住在北京期间她学会了一些中文。
62.run out of 用完
We have run out of time to finish the project. (2023 全国甲卷阅读)
我们已经没有时间来完成这个项目了。
63.work out 解决，锻炼，算出
Things worked out in the end. (2021 新高考 I 卷完形)
事情最终解决了。
64.end up 最终成为，以... 结束
He ended up becoming a famous writer. (2022 全国甲卷完形)
他最终成为了一位著名作家。
65.carry out 执行，实施
The researchers carried out a series of experiments. (2024 新课标 I 卷阅读)
研究人员进行了一系列实验。
66.cut down 削减，砍倒
We should cut down on energy consumption. (2023 新高考 I 卷阅读)
我们应该减少能源消耗。
67.give away 赠送，泄露
She gave away all her old clothes to charity. (2021 全国乙卷完形)
她把所有的旧衣服都捐给了慈善机构。
68.give in 屈服，让步
After hours of discussion, he finally gave in. (2020 全国 II 卷完形)
经过几个小时的讨论，他最终让步了。
69.account for 解释，占比
International students account for 20 percent of the total. (2024 全国乙卷阅读)
国际学生占总数的 20%。
70.bring about 引起，导致
The new policy will bring about significant changes. (2023 全国乙卷阅读)
新政策将带来重大变化。
71.call off 取消
The match was called off because of heavy rain. (2022 新高考 II 卷完形)
比赛因大雨被取消了。
72.show up 出现，露面
He did not show up at the meeting. (2021 全国甲卷阅读)
他没有出席会议。
73.stand for 代表
Each color stands for a different meaning. (2020 全国 I 卷完形)
每种颜色代表不同的含义。
74.lead to 导致
Poor diet can lead to health problems. (2024 新课标 II 卷阅读)
不良饮食会导致健康问题。
75.rely on 依靠，依赖
We cannot always rely on technology to solve our problems. (2023 新高考 II 卷阅读)
我们不能总是依靠技术来解决我们的问题。
76.contribute to 促成，贡献
Many factors contribute to climate change. (2022 全国甲卷阅读)
许多因素促成了气候变化。
77.devote to 致力于
She devoted herself to protecting wild animals. (2021 新高考 II 卷阅读)
她致力于保护野生动物。
78.adapt to 适应
It took him a while to adapt to the new environment. (2023 全国甲卷阅读)
他花了一段时间才适应新环境。
79.respond to 回应
The patient did not respond to the treatment. (2024 新高考 I 卷完形)
患者对治疗没有反应。
80.belong to 属于
The book belongs to the library. (2020 全国 III 卷完形)
这本书属于图书馆。
二、形容词 / 被动 + 介词搭配
1.be absent from 缺席
He was absent from school yesterday. (2019 全国 III 卷)
他昨天没来上学。
2.be absorbed in 全神贯注于
She was absorbed in her book. (2020 全国 I 卷)
她全神贯注地看书。
3.be accustomed to 习惯于
He is accustomed to getting up early. (2024 全国甲卷)
他习惯早起。
4.be aware of 意识到
We should be aware of the importance. (2023 全国乙卷)
我们应该意识到重要性。
5.be capable of 能够
She is capable of handling the task. (2021 全国乙卷)
她有能力处理这项任务。
6.be concerned about 关心；担忧
Parents are concerned about their children. (2023 新高考 II 卷)
父母关心他们的孩子。
7.be curious about 对…… 好奇
Children are curious about everything. (2019 全国 II 卷)
孩子们对一切都好奇。
8.be different from 与…… 不同
His opinion is different from mine. (2018 江苏卷)
他的意见与我的不同。
9.be eager to do 渴望做
The children were eager to see the actor. (2020 全国 I 卷)
孩子们渴望见到那位演员。
10.be engaged in 从事于；忙于
He has been engaged in research for years. (2025 新高考 I 卷)
他多年来一直从事研究。
11.be famous for 因…… 而闻名
Hangzhou is famous for the West Lake. (2020 全国 II 卷)
杭州因西湖而闻名。
12.be familiar with 熟悉
I am familiar with this area. (2022 新高考 I 卷)
我对这个地区很熟悉。
13.be filled with 充满
His heart was filled with joy. (2020 天津卷)
他内心充满了喜悦。
14.be fond of 喜欢
I am fond of reading novels. (2021 全国甲卷)
我喜欢读小说。
15.be full of 充满
The bottle is full of water. (2019 全国 I 卷)
瓶子里装满了水。
16.be good at 擅长
She is good at playing the piano. (2020 全国 II 卷)
她擅长弹钢琴。
17.be grateful to sb. for sth. 因某事感谢某人
I am grateful to you for your help. (2021 全国乙卷)
我感谢你的帮助。
18.be involved in 参与；卷入
He was involved in the project. (2023 全国甲卷)
他参与了该项目。
19.be responsible for 对…… 负责
The driver is responsible for the accident. (2024 全国甲卷)
司机对事故负责。
20.be satisfied with 对…… 满意
We are satisfied with the result. (2022 全国乙卷)
我们对结果满意。
21.be supposed to 应该
You are supposed to finish your homework. (2022 新高考 II 卷)
你应该完成作业。
22.be tired of 厌倦
I am tired of the same food. (2019 全国 III 卷)
我厌倦了同样的食物。
23.be used to 习惯于
She is used to getting up early. (2020 全国甲卷)
她习惯早起。
24.be worth doing 值得做
The book is worth reading. (2021 新高考 II 卷)
这本书值得一读。
25.be about to do 即将做
I was about to leave when he called. (2018 全国 II 卷)
我正要离开时他打电话来了。
26.be bound to 一定会
You are bound to succeed if you try. (2022 新高考 I 卷)
如果你努力，一定会成功。
27.be composed of 由…… 组成
The committee is composed of ten members. (2024 全国乙卷)
委员会由十名成员组成。
28.be entitled to 有权
Every citizen is entitled to equal rights. (2022 全国乙卷)
每个公民都有平等权利。
29.be qualified for 胜任
He is qualified for the job. (2022 全国甲卷)
他胜任这份工作。
30.be superior to 优于
This model is superior to that one. (2023 全国乙卷)
这个型号优于那个。
31.be afraid of 害怕
Many children are afraid of making mistakes. (2021 全国甲卷完形)
许多孩子害怕犯错。
32.be aware of 意识到
We should be aware of the impact of our actions. (2022 新高考 I 卷阅读)
我们应该意识到自己行为的影响。
33.be proud of 为... 自豪
Her parents were proud of her achievements. (2023 全国乙卷完形)
她的父母为她的成就感到自豪。
34.be fond of 喜欢
She has always been fond of reading. (2020 全国 I 卷阅读)
她一直喜欢阅读。
35.be curious about 对... 好奇
Children are naturally curious about the world around them. (2022 新高考 II 卷阅读)
孩子们天生对周围的世界充满好奇。
36.be responsible for 对... 负责
She teaches that people must take responsibility for saving their environment. (2023 全国甲卷)
她教导人们必须对保护环境负责。
37.be familiar with 熟悉
Are you familiar with the rules of the game? (2021 全国乙卷阅读)
你熟悉这个游戏的规则吗？
38.be good at 擅长
She is good at communicating with people. (2020 全国 II 卷完形)
她擅长与人沟通。
39.be interested in 对... 感兴趣
More students are interested in studying abroad. (2023 新高考 I 卷阅读)
越来越多的学生对出国留学感兴趣。
40.be involved in 参与，卷入
He was involved in a car accident last week. (2022 全国乙卷完形)
他上周卷入了一场车祸。
41.be different from 与... 不同
The climate here is very different from that in my hometown. (2021 新高考 I 卷阅读)
这里的气候与我的家乡大不相同。
42.be similar to 与... 相似
Tang's play The Peony Pavilion is similar in some ways to Romeo and Juliet. (2024 新课标 II 卷语法填空)
汤显祖的《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。
43.be eager for 渴望
The students were eager for knowledge. (2022 全国甲卷完形)
学生们渴望知识。
44.be full of 充满
The city is full of energy and creativity. (2023 新高考 II 卷阅读)
这座城市充满了活力和创造力。
45.be grateful for 感激
I am grateful for the opportunity to study here. (2021 全国甲卷阅读)
我很感激能在这里学习的机会。
46.be capable of 有能力
Children are capable of learning more than one language. (2024 全国甲卷阅读)
孩子们有能力学习不止一种语言。
47.be likely to 可能
People who exercise regularly are less likely to get sick. (2022 新高考 I 卷完形)
经常锻炼的人不太容易生病。
48.be loyal to 忠于
He remained loyal to his friends through thick and thin. (2020 全国 III 卷阅读)
无论顺境逆境，他都对朋友们忠心耿耿。
49.be strict with 对... 严格
The teacher is strict with her students but they love her. (2023 全国乙卷阅读)
这位老师对学生很严格，但学生们都爱她。
50.be anxious about 担忧
Parents are anxious about their children's future. (2021 新高考 II 卷完形)
父母们为孩子们的未来感到担忧。
51.be ashamed of 对... 感到羞愧
He was ashamed of having lied to his parents. (2020 全国 II 卷阅读)
他对向父母撒谎感到羞愧。
52.be amazed at 对... 感到惊讶
We were amazed at the beauty of the ancient city. (2024 新高考 II 卷阅读)
我们对这座古城的美丽感到惊叹。
53.be content with 对... 满意
She is content with her simple life in the countryside. (2022 全国乙卷阅读)
她对乡村的简单生活感到满意。
54.be independent of 独立于
Young people should learn to be independent of their parents. (2023 新高考 I 卷完形)
年轻人应该学会不依赖父母。
55.be impressed by 被... 打动
The judges were impressed by her outstanding performance. (2024 新课标 I 卷完形)
评委们被她出色的表现所打动。
三、介词短语
1.in terms of 就…… 而言
In terms of quality, this is the best. (2023 全国甲卷)
就质量而言，这是最好的。
2.in addition to 除…… 之外
In addition to English, he speaks French. (2022 新高考 I 卷)
除了英语，他还会说法语。
3.in contrast to 与…… 相反
In contrast to his brother, he is tall. (2021 全国乙卷)
与他哥哥相反，他很高。
4.in case of 万一
In case of emergency, call 120. (2020 全国 II 卷)
万一有紧急情况，拨打 120。
5.in time 及时
We arrived in time for the meeting. (2019 全国 I 卷)
我们及时赶到开会。
6.on time 准时
Please arrive on time. (2018 全国 III 卷)
请准时到达。
7.on account of 由于
The game was canceled on account of rain. (2023 新高考 II 卷)
比赛因雨取消。
8.due to 由于
The flight was delayed due to weather. (2022 全国乙卷)
航班因天气延误。
9.because of 因为
He was late because of traffic. (2021 全国甲卷)
他因为交通迟到了。
10.thanks to 多亏
Thanks to your help, we succeeded. (2020 全国 III 卷)
多亏你的帮助，我们成功了。
11.instead of 而不是
I'll have tea instead of coffee. (2019 全国 II 卷)
我要茶而不是咖啡。
12.apart from 除…… 之外
Apart from English, she speaks Japanese. (2018 全国 I 卷)
除了英语，她还会说日语。
13.as a result 结果
He didn't study. As a result, he failed. (2023 全国乙卷)
他没学习，结果考试不及格。
14.at first 起初
At first, I didn't understand. (2022 新高考 II 卷)
起初，我不明白。
15.at last 最后
At last, we reached the top. (2021 新高考 I 卷)
最后，我们到达了山顶。
16.by chance 偶然
I met him by chance yesterday. (2020 全国 I 卷)
我昨天偶然遇见他。
17.for example 例如
For example, swimming is good exercise. (2019 全国 III 卷)
例如，游泳是很好的锻炼。
18.in fact 事实上
In fact, he is very kind. (2018 全国 II 卷)
事实上，他很善良。
19.in general 一般来说
In general, students work hard. (2017 全国 I 卷)
一般来说，学生学习努力。
20.on the whole 总体而言
On the whole, the event was successful. (2024 新高考 I 卷)
总体而言，活动很成功。
21.in terms of 就... 而言
In terms of quality, this product is the best. (2022 全国甲卷阅读)
就质量而言，这个产品是最好的。
22.in addition to 除... 之外
In addition to English, he speaks French fluently. (2021 全国乙卷完形)
除了英语，他还能流利地说法语。
23.in case of 万一
In case of emergency, press the red button. (2023 全国甲卷阅读)
万一有紧急情况，按下红色按钮。
24.in fact 事实上
In fact, what he said at the meeting was not entirely true. (2022 全国乙卷)
事实上，他在会上说的话并不完全真实。
25.in general 一般来说
In general, students who read more perform better. (2021 全国甲卷阅读)
一般来说，阅读越多的学生表现越好。
26.in turn 依次，反过来
The students answered the questions in turn. (2022 全国甲卷语法填空)
学生们依次回答了问题。
27.in vain 徒劳地
He tried in vain to open the locked door. (2021 新高考 II 卷阅读)
他徒劳地试图打开锁着的门。
28.in advance 提前
Please book your tickets in advance. (2023 全国乙卷完形)
请提前订票。
29.in detail 详细地
The teacher explained the rules in detail. (2022 新高考 II 卷阅读)
老师详细地解释了规则。
30.in favor of 支持
Most people are in favor of the new policy. (2021 全国乙卷阅读)
大多数人支持新政策。
31.in return 作为回报
She cooked dinner for him in return for his help. (2023 新高考 I 卷完形)
她为他做晚餐以回报他的帮助。
32.in search of 寻找
They set off in search of the lost village. (2020 全国 I 卷完形)
他们出发去寻找那个消失的村庄。
33.in honor of 纪念，致敬
A ceremony was held in honor of the heroes. (2022 全国甲卷阅读)
举行了一场仪式来向英雄们致敬。
34.in memory of 纪念
The museum was built in memory of the great scientist. (2021 新高考 I 卷完形)
这座博物馆是为纪念那位伟大的科学家而建的。
35.in public 公开地
She never complains in public about her problems. (2023 全国甲卷完形)
她从不在公开场合抱怨自己的问题。
36.in need of 需要
The school is in need of more teachers. (2020 全国 II 卷阅读)
这所学校需要更多的老师。
37.on account of 由于
The match was postponed on account of the bad weather. (2021 全国甲卷阅读)
比赛因恶劣天气被推迟了。
38.on behalf of 代表
I spoke on behalf of my classmates. (2022 新高考 II 卷写作)
我代表同学们发言。
39.on purpose 故意地
I broke the vase, but I did not do it on purpose. (2021 全国乙卷改错)
我打碎了花瓶，但我不是故意的。
40.on sale 打折出售
The new model will go on sale next month. (2022 新高考 I 卷阅读)
新型号下个月上市出售。
41.on schedule 按时
The train arrived on schedule. (2021 新高考 II 卷阅读)
火车准时到达。
42.on duty 值班
Who is on duty today? (2022 新高考 I 卷改错)
今天谁值班？
43.on foot 步行
I go to school on foot every day. (2022 新高考 II 卷语法填空)
我每天步行去上学。
44.on business 出差
He has gone to Shanghai on business. (2022 全国乙卷情景对话)
他去上海出差了。
45.on the contrary 相反
It was not a bad thing; on the contrary, it was a great opportunity. (2023 新高考 II 卷完形)
这不是一件坏事；相反，这是一个很好的机会。
46.on the whole 总体而言
On the whole, the event was a great success. (2021 全国甲卷阅读)
总体而言，这次活动非常成功。
47.at a loss 不知所措
She was at a loss for words when she heard the news. (2022 新高考 II 卷阅读)
听到这个消息时，她惊讶得说不出话来。
48.at risk 处于危险中
Many species are at risk of extinction. (2023 新高考 I 卷阅读)
许多物种面临灭绝的危险。
49.at times 有时
Life can be difficult at times, but we must keep going. (2021 全国乙卷完形)
生活有时会很困难，但我们必须继续前行。
50.at the cost of 以... 为代价
He achieved success at the cost of his health. (2024 新高考 I 卷阅读)
他以健康为代价取得了成功。
51.by accident 偶然
I met her by accident at the airport. (2022 全国甲卷完形)
我在机场偶然遇见了她。
52.by hand 用手工
The wrappers are pressed by hand rather than rolled. (2023 新课标 I 卷语法填空)
饺子皮是手工按压的而不是擀的。
53.out of control 失控
The fire was out of control within minutes. (2020 全国 III 卷阅读)
大火在几分钟之内就失控了。
54.out of date 过时
The equipment in the lab is out of date. (2023 全国乙卷阅读)
实验室里的设备已经过时了。
55.under pressure 在压力下
Students today are under great pressure from exams. (2024 新课标 II 卷完形)
今天的学生面临着来自考试的巨大压力。
四、高考俚语俗语
1.a piece of cake 小菜一碟
The exam was a piece of cake. (2023 新高考 I 卷听力)
考试小菜一碟。
2.break the ice 打破沉默
He told a joke to break the ice. (2022 全国甲卷)
他讲了个笑话打破沉默。
3.cost an arm and a leg 花一大笔钱
The new car cost an arm and a leg. (2021 全国乙卷)
新车花了一大笔钱。
4.hit the books 开始学习
I need to hit the books tonight. (2020 全国 II 卷听力)
我今晚需要开始学习。
5.kill two birds with one stone 一石二鸟
By cycling, I kill two birds with one stone. (2019 全国 I 卷)
骑车让我一石二鸟。
6.let the cat out of the bag 泄露秘密
Don't let the cat out of the bag. (2018 全国 III 卷)
不要泄露秘密。
7.once in a blue moon 千载难逢
I go to the cinema once in a blue moon. (2023 新高考 II 卷)
我很少去电影院。
8.pull one's leg 开玩笑
Are you pulling my leg? (2022 新高考 I 卷听力)
你在开玩笑吗？
9.speak of the devil 说曹操曹操到
Speak of the devil, here he comes. (2021 全国甲卷)
说曹操曹操到，他来了。
10.the best of both worlds 两全其美
This job offers the best of both worlds. (2020 全国 III 卷)
这份工作两全其美。
11.under the weather 身体不舒服
I'm feeling under the weather today. (2019 全国 II 卷)
我今天身体不舒服。
12.when pigs fly 绝不；不可能
I'll clean my room when pigs fly. (2018 全国 I 卷)
我绝不会打扫房间。
13.a blessing in disguise 因祸得福
Losing the job was a blessing in disguise. (2024 全国乙卷)
失去工作因祸得福。
14.bite the bullet 咬紧牙关
I had to bite the bullet and study. (2023 全国甲卷)
我必须咬紧牙关学习。
15.burn the midnight oil 熬夜
He burned the midnight oil before the exam. (2022 全国乙卷)
他考前熬夜学习。
16.cry over spilt milk 覆水难收
Don't cry over spilt milk. (2021 新高考 II 卷)
不要为打翻的牛奶哭泣。
17.every cloud has a silver lining 黑暗中总有一线光明
Every cloud has a silver lining. (2020 全国 I 卷)
黑暗中总有一线光明。
18.go the extra mile 加倍努力
She always goes the extra mile. (2019 全国 III 卷)
她总是加倍努力。
19.keep an eye on 留意；关注
Keep an eye on the baby. (2018 全国 II 卷)
留意照看婴儿。
20.miss the boat 错失良机
Don't miss the boat this time. (2024 新高考 II 卷)
这次不要错失良机。
配套默写练习
练习一：动词短语（写出汉语意思）
1.take advantage of ____________________
2.take charge of ____________________
3.take into account ____________________
4.take off ____________________
5.take on ____________________
6.make sense ____________________
7.make a difference ____________________
8.make up for ____________________
9.get rid of ____________________
10.get through ____________________
11.get over ____________________
12.get used to ____________________
13.go through ____________________
14.go ahead ____________________
15.come across ____________________
16.come up with ____________________
17.come true ____________________
18.turn out ____________________
19.turn down ____________________
20.break down ____________________
21.break out ____________________
22.bring about ____________________
23.bring up ____________________
24.account for ____________________
25.adapt to ____________________
26.contribute to ____________________
27.cope with ____________________
28.depend on ____________________
29.apply for ____________________
30.approve of ____________________
练习二：形容词 / 被动 + 介词搭配（写出汉语意思）
1.be absent from ____________________
2.be absorbed in ____________________
3.be accustomed to ____________________
4.be aware of ____________________
5.be capable of ____________________
6.be concerned about ____________________
7.be curious about ____________________
8.be different from ____________________
9.be eager to do ____________________
10.be engaged in ____________________
11.be famous for ____________________
12.be familiar with ____________________
13.be filled with ____________________
14.be fond of ____________________
15.be grateful to sb. for sth. ____________________
16.be involved in ____________________
17.be responsible for ____________________
18.be satisfied with ____________________
19.be supposed to ____________________
20.be tired of ____________________
21.be worth doing ____________________
22.be bound to ____________________
23.be composed of ____________________
24.be entitled to ____________________
25.be qualified for ____________________
练习三：介词短语（写出汉语意思）
1.in terms of ____________________
2.in addition to ____________________
3.in contrast to ____________________
4.in case of ____________________
5.in time ____________________
6.on time ____________________
7.on account of ____________________
8.due to ____________________
9.because of ____________________
10.thanks to ____________________
11.instead of ____________________
12.apart from ____________________
13.as a result ____________________
14.at first ____________________
15.at last ____________________
16.by chance ____________________
17.for example ____________________
18.in fact ____________________
19.in general ____________________
20.on the whole ____________________
练习四：俚语俗语（写出汉语意思）
1.a piece of cake ____________________
2.break the ice ____________________
3.cost an arm and a leg ____________________
4.hit the books ____________________
5.kill two birds with one stone ____________________
6.let the cat out of the bag ____________________
7.once in a blue moon ____________________
8.pull one's leg ____________________
9.speak of the devil ____________________
10.the best of both worlds ____________________
11.under the weather ____________________
12.when pigs fly ____________________
13.a blessing in disguise ____________________
14.bite the bullet ____________________
15.burn the midnight oil ____________________
16.cry over spilt milk ____________________
17.every cloud has a silver lining ____________________
18.go the extra mile ____________________
19.keep an eye on ____________________
20.miss the boat ____________________
巩固练习 1 动词短语
写出短语和句子的汉语意思
1.look forward to ___________
I look forward to the visits to my little hometown. (2023 全国甲卷完形)
2.put off ________
The project was put off due to the unexpected weather conditions. (2023 全国甲卷)
3.turn out ________
It turned out that what he said at the meeting was not entirely true. (2022 全国乙卷)
4.pay off ________
Their promotional work paid off. (2024 全国甲卷语法填空)
5.come across _______
I came across an old photo while cleaning the room. (2021 新高考 I 卷阅读)
6.come up with ________
She came up with a brilliant idea to solve the problem. (2022 新高考 I 卷完形)
7.get through __________
We finally got through the difficult times together. (2023 新高考 I 卷完形)
8.give up________
Never give up, no matter how hard the situation is. (2020 全国 I 卷阅读)
9.take up ____________
She took up painting as a hobby during the summer vacation. (2021 全国甲卷阅读)
10.set out __________
They set out early in the morning to climb the mountain. (2022 全国甲卷阅读)
11.make up ________
Women make up more than half of the researchers. (2021 新高考 II 卷完形)
12.break down ________
My car broke down on the way to the airport. (2020 全国 II 卷阅读)
13.break out _________
The fire broke out in the middle of the night. (2020 全国 I 卷阅读)
14.hold on __________
Hold on to your dreams and never let them go. (2023 全国乙卷完形)
15.hold back ___________
She could hardly hold back her tears. (2022 新高考 II 卷阅读)
16.keep up ___________
It is important to keep up with the latest developments. (2021 全国乙卷阅读)
17.go through ________
He went through a lot of difficulties during the research. (2023 新高考 II 卷完形)
18.go over __________
Let us go over the plan once more before we start. (2022 全国乙卷阅读)
19.put forward _______
The teacher put forward a new approach to language learning. (2021 全国甲卷完形)
20.put up with _________
I cannot put up with the noise any longer. (2020 全国 III 卷阅读)
21.pick up ________
She picked up some Chinese while living in Beijing. (2022 新高考 I 卷阅读)
22.run out of _______
We have run out of time to finish the project. (2023 全国甲卷阅读)
23.work out __________
Things worked out in the end. (2021 新高考 I 卷完形)
24.end up ________
He ended up becoming a famous writer. (2022 全国甲卷完形)
25.carry out ________
The researchers carried out a series of experiments. (2024 新课标 I 卷阅读)
26.cut down ___________
We should cut down on energy consumption. (2023 新高考 I 卷阅读)
27.give away ________
She gave away all her old clothes to charity. (2021 全国乙卷完形)
28.give in ________
After hours of discussion, he finally gave in. (2020 全国 II 卷完形)
29.account for _______
International students account for 20 percent of the total. (2024 全国乙卷阅读)
30.bring about _________
The new policy will bring about significant changes. (2023 全国乙卷阅读)
31.call off _________
The match was called off because of heavy rain. (2022 新高考 II 卷完形)
32.show up ________
He did not show up at the meeting. (2021 全国甲卷阅读)
33.stand for _________
Each color stands for a different meaning. (2020 全国 I 卷完形)
34.lead to _________
Poor diet can lead to health problems. (2024 新课标 II 卷阅读)
35.rely on ________
We cannot always rely on technology to solve our problems. (2023 新高考 II 卷阅读)
36.contribute to ________
Many factors contribute to climate change. (2022 全国甲卷阅读)
37.devote to _______
She devoted herself to protecting wild animals. (2021 新高考 II 卷阅读)
38.adapt to ______
It took him a while to adapt to the new environment. (2023 全国甲卷阅读)
39.respond to ______
The patient did not respond to the treatment. (2024 新高考 I 卷完形)
40.belong to ______
The book belongs to the library. (2020 全国 III 卷完形)
巩固练习 2 形容词 / 被动 + 介词搭配
要求：写出短语和例句的汉语意思
1.be afraid of
Many children are afraid of making mistakes. (2021 全国甲卷完形)
2.be aware of
We should be aware of the impact of our actions. (2022 新高考 I 卷阅读)
3.be proud of
Her parents were proud of her achievements. (2023 全国乙卷完形)
4.be fond of
She has always been fond of reading. (2020 全国 I 卷阅读)
5.be curious about
Children are naturally curious about the world around them. (2022 新高考 II 卷阅读)
6.be responsible for
She teaches that people must take responsibility for saving their environment. (2023 全国甲卷)
7.be familiar with
Are you familiar with the rules of the game? (2021 全国乙卷阅读)
8.be good at
She is good at communicating with people. (2020 全国 II 卷完形)
9.be interested in
More students are interested in studying abroad. (2023 新高考 I 卷阅读)
10.be involved in
He was involved in a car accident last week. (2022 全国乙卷完形)
11.be different from
The climate here is very different from that in my hometown. (2021 新高考 I 卷阅读)
12.be similar to
Tang's play The Peony Pavilion is similar in some ways to Romeo and Juliet. (2024 新课标 II 卷语法填空)
13.be eager for
The students were eager for knowledge. (2022 全国甲卷完形)
14.be full of
The city is full of energy and creativity. (2023 新高考 II 卷阅读)
15.be grateful for
I am grateful for the opportunity to study here. (2021 全国甲卷阅读)
16.be capable of
Children are capable of learning more than one language. (2024 全国甲卷阅读)
17.be likely to
People who exercise regularly are less likely to get sick. (2022 新高考 I 卷完形)
18.be loyal to
He remained loyal to his friends through thick and thin. (2020 全国 III 卷阅读)
19.be strict with
The teacher is strict with her students but they love her. (2023 全国乙卷阅读)
20.be anxious about
Parents are anxious about their children's future. (2021 新高考 II 卷完形)
21.be ashamed of
He was ashamed of having lied to his parents. (2020 全国 II 卷阅读)
22.be amazed at
We were amazed at the beauty of the ancient city. (2024 新高考 II 卷阅读)
23.be content with
She is content with her simple life in the countryside. (2022 全国乙卷阅读)
24.be independent of
Young people should learn to be independent of their parents. (2023 新高考 I 卷完形)
25.be impressed by
The judges were impressed by her outstanding performance. (2024 新课标 I 卷完形)
巩固练习 3 介词短语
1.in terms of
In terms of quality, this product is the best. (2022 全国甲卷阅读)
2.in addition to
In addition to English, he speaks French fluently. (2021 全国乙卷完形)
3.in case of
In case of emergency, press the red button. (2023 全国甲卷阅读)
4.in fact
In fact, what he said at the meeting was not entirely true. (2022 全国乙卷)
5.in general
In general, students who read more perform better. (2021 全国甲卷阅读)
6.in turn
The students answered the questions in turn. (2022 全国甲卷语法填空)
7.in vain
He tried in vain to open the locked door. (2021 新高考 II 卷阅读)
8.in advance
Please book your tickets in advance. (2023 全国乙卷完形)
9.in detail
The teacher explained the rules in detail. (2022 新高考 II 卷阅读)
10.in favor of
Most people are in favor of the new policy. (2021 全国乙卷阅读)
11.in return
She cooked dinner for him in return for his help. (2023 新高考 I 卷完形)
12.in search of
They set off in search of the lost village. (2020 全国 I 卷完形)
13.in honor of
A ceremony was held in honor of the heroes. (2022 全国甲卷阅读)
14.in memory of
The museum was built in memory of the great scientist. (2021 新高考 I 卷完形)
15.in public
She never complains in public about her problems. (2023 全国甲卷完形)
16.in need of
The school is in need of more teachers. (2020 全国 II 卷阅读)
17.on account of
The match was postponed on account of the bad weather. (2021 全国甲卷阅读)
18.on behalf of
I spoke on behalf of my classmates. (2022 新高考 II 卷写作)
19.on purpose
I broke the vase, but I did not do it on purpose. (2021 全国乙卷改错)
20.on sale
The new model will go on sale next month. (2022 新高考 I 卷阅读)
21.on schedule
The train arrived on schedule. (2021 新高考 II 卷阅读)
22.on duty
Who is on duty today? (2022 新高考 I 卷改错)
23.on foot
I go to school on foot every day. (2022 新高考 II 卷语法填空)
24.on business
He has gone to Shanghai on business. (2022 全国乙卷情景对话)
25.on the contrary
It was not a bad thing; on the contrary, it was a great opportunity. (2023 新高考 II 卷完形)
26.on the whole
On the whole, the event was a great success. (2021 全国甲卷阅读)
27.at a loss
She was at a loss for words when she heard the news. (2022 新高考 II 卷阅读)
28.at risk
Many species are at risk of extinction. (2023 新高考 I 卷阅读)
29.at times
Life can be difficult at times, but we must keep going. (2021 全国乙卷完形)
30.at the cost of
He achieved success at the cost of his health. (2024 新高考 I 卷阅读)
31.by accident
I met her by accident at the airport. (2022 全国甲卷完形)
32.by hand
The wrappers are pressed by hand rather than rolled. (2023 新课标 I 卷语法填空)
33.out of control
The fire was out of control within minutes. (2020 全国 III 卷阅读)
34.out of date
The equipment in the lab is out of date. (2023 全国乙卷阅读)
35.under pressure
Students today are under great pressure from exams. (2024 新课标 II 卷完形)