ARTICLE · 1223151
高考英语被动语态搭配介词with的核心动词
“动词 + with” 在被动语态中的变形，正是高考语法填空、短文改错和完形填词的隐形陷阱。
一、被动语态的核心规律
1. 基本结构
主动：主语 + 动词 + with + 宾语
被动：主语（原 with 的宾语）+ be + 过去分词 + with +by+原主语（宾格）
2. 高考三大变形模式（重点记忆）
模式一：A 装备 B
主动：equip A with B
被动：A be equipped with B
考点：填空/改错 No.1
模式二：A 覆盖 B
主动：cover A with B
被动：A be covered with B
考点：描述场景高频
模式三：A 填充 B
主动：fill A with B
被动：A be filled with B
考点：情感/实物均可
模式四：A 供应 B
主动：supply A with B
被动：A be supplied with B
考点：阅读/完形
模式五：A 提供 B
主动：provide A with B
被动：A be provided with B
考点：写作升级
模式六：A 与 B 连接
主动：connect A with B
被动：A be connected with B
考点：科技/社会类
模式七：A 与 B 比较
主动：compare A with B
被动：A be compared with B
考点：数据/说明文
3. 关键规则（必背）
with 必须保留，不能丢掉
过去分词后直接跟 with，中间不加其他介词
原主语（动作执行者）通常用 by 引出，但高考中常省略
二、高考核心动词清单（带被动标注）
🔴 第一梯队：被动语态必考（5个）
1. equip
主动含义：用……装备
被动结构：be equipped with
例句：The lab is equipped with advanced devices.
2. cover
主动含义：用……覆盖
被动结构：be covered with
例句：The ground was covered with snow.
3. fill
主动含义：用……装满
被动结构：be filled with
例句：She was filled with joy.
4. compare
主动含义：与……比较
被动结构：be compared with
例句：The data was compared with previous results.
5. connect
主动含义：与……连接
被动结构：be connected with
例句：The island is connected with the mainland by a bridge.
🟡 第二梯队：被动也考，但频率稍低
1. supply
被动结构：be supplied with
例句：The village is supplied with clean water.
2. provide
被动结构：be provided with
例句：Students are provided with free books.
3. present
被动结构：be presented with
例句：He was presented with a medal.
4. treat
被动结构：be treated with
例句：The patient was treated with a new drug.
5. charge
被动结构：be charged with
例句：He was charged with theft.
6. burden
被动结构：be burdened with
例句：She was burdened with heavy debts.
🟢 第三梯队：主动为主，被动偶尔出现
1. deal with
被动：be dealt with（问题被处理）
2. do with
被动：be done with（较少被动，多用完成）
3. agree with
无被动（不及物）
4. begin with
无被动
5. end with
无被动
三、高考真题考法拆解
考法1：语法填空（直接填被动）
例题1：
The room ______ (equip) with air conditioning.
答案：is equipped
解析：equip → equipped，with 保留
例题2：
Her eyes ______ (fill) with tears when she heard the news.
答案：were filled
考法2：短文改错（被动错误）
错误类型1：cover 被动用 by
❌ 错误：The table was covered by a cloth.
✅ 正确：The table was covered with a cloth.
记忆：cover with 不用 by
错误类型2：equip 后缺 with
❌ 错误：He was equipped a computer.
✅ 正确：He was equipped with a computer.
考法3：完形填空（词义+搭配）
例题：
The company ______ its workers ______ free lunch.
A. provides; with B. is provided; with C. provides; for D. is provided; for
答案：A
解析：主动语态，provide sb with sth
四、易错点总结（考场秒杀）
易错点1：cover 被动用 by？
正解：用 with
口诀：覆盖用 with，执行者才用 by
易错点2：equip 过去分词拼写
正解：equipped（双写 p）
口诀：装备双 p 别忘本
易错点3：compare with / to 被动
正解：都可用，但 with 更常见
口诀：比较用 with，比作用 to
易错点4：fill / full 混淆
正解：fill 是动词，full 是形容词
口诀：be filled with = be full of
易错点5：provide 后接 for？
正解：provide with 接人，provide for 接物
完整搭配：provide sb with sth / provide sth for sb
五、写作加分句型（直接背）
句型1：
The school is equipped with modern facilities.
（学校配备现代化设施。）
句型2：
The air was filled with the smell of flowers.
（空气中弥漫着花香。）
句型3：
Compared with other cities, it is more livable.
（与其他城市相比，它更宜居。）
句型4：
He was presented with a certificate of honor.
（他被授予荣誉证书。）
