应用文Passage 1 · 河畔科学博物馆「冬季星空与韦布影像展」家庭活动通告

Winter Stargazing & Webb Image Exhibition — Family Program Notice · 基于 NASA 2026 年 10 月 6 日发布的詹姆斯·韦布望远镜 NGC 7129 恒星形成区影像及公开博物馆活动信息编写 · 城市科普 / 博物馆活动 · 人与社会

📌 导读：（模拟应用文，基于公开信息编写）冬季，河畔科学博物馆推出以 NASA 最新韦布望远镜拍摄的 NGC 7129 恒星诞生区影像为主题的家庭活动：含开放日期与时段、导览与手作工坊、夜间望远镜观测、门票与预约规则、参观须知等。信息密集、时间地点条件明确，是典型的应用文体，适合训练细节定位。

🔤 生词表：stargazing 观星、看星星（stargazing 观星活动）　telescope 望远镜（telescope viewing 望远镜观测）　nebula 星云（nebula painting 星云绘画）　exhibition 展览、展出（exhibition hall 展厅）　light-years 光年（距离单位，light-years 光年）　newborn 新生的（newborn stars 新生恒星）　guided 有导游带领的、引导的（guided tour 导览）　hall 大厅、礼堂（exhibition hall 展厅）

📖 阅读短文（约 150 词）

WINTER STARGAZING & WEBB IMAGE EXHIBITION — Family Program Notice (Riverside Science Museum) This winter, the Riverside Science Museum presents a special family program built around NASA's newest James Webb Space Telescope images of NGC 7129, a star-forming region 3,300 light-years away where newborn stars glow inside clouds of gas and dust. 1. Dates & time: Open every Saturday and Sunday, 10 a.m. to 4 p.m., from 6 December to 18 January. Last entry at 3:30 p.m. 2. Activities: A guided 'birth of stars' tour, a hands-on nebula painting workshop for ages 6 and up, and a free evening telescope viewing (clear skies only) from 6:30 p.m. 3. tickets: Free for members and children under 5; others pay a small fee at the door. Booking online is required for the telescope night. 4. Rules: No flash photography inside the exhibitionhall; please keep quiet during the guided tour. Hotline: 555-0199.

📝 题目

细节理解 1. When is the free evening telescope viewing held?

A. Open every day from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. at the museum　B. On clear evenings from 6:30 p.m. during weekends　C. Only on weekdays, with last entry at 3:30 p.m.　D. From 6:30 p.m. through the whole night until morning

细节理解 2. What is required to join the telescope night?

A. Visitors may simply walk in without any booking　B. Visitors cannot enter without paying a small fee　C. Online booking in advance　D. A guided tour of the exhibition hall is needed first

推理判断 3. What can visitors learn about from the 'birth of stars' tour?

A. How stars are born inside clouds of gas and dust　B. The museum's ticket prices and its guided tour schedule　C. How the Webb telescope and its images were engineered　D. The rules about flash photography inside the exhibition hall

记叙文Passage 2 · 洪水中，他把落水司机拽出车外——一名记者的惊险救援

A reporter's terrifying rescue from a sinking car · Reuters，2026 年 10 月 22–23 日（澳大利亚昆士兰洪水，ABC 记者 Will Murray 与路人救出落水司机） · 澳大利亚昆士兰 / 自然灾害救援 · 人与自然

📌 导读：（人物/助人故事，基于公开报道）澳大利亚广播公司记者 Will Murray 赴昆士兰北部报道洪灾，本欲拍摄涨水，却意外成为故事主角：一名司机驾车涉过深积水时车辆熄火、开始下沉。Murray 与路人 Daniel Hainey 游向汽车，在车子完全没入水面之前将司机拽出。事后两人紧紧相拥，Murray 说那是他一生中最美好的瞬间之一。文章有情节、有情感、有感悟。

🔤 生词表：Queensland 昆士兰（澳大利亚州名）　floodwater 洪水、积水（floodwater 洪水）　stalled 熄火、停顿（stall 过去式）　submerged 浸没、淹没（submerge 过去分词）　bystander 旁观者、路人　distress 危难、 distress calls 求救电话　flash 突发的（flash floods 暴洪、山洪）　four-wheel 四轮的（four-wheel drive 四驱车）

📖 阅读短文（约 134 词）

When Will Murray, a television reporter in Queensland, Australia, arrived to cover heavy flooding north of Brisbane, he expected only to film the rising water. Instead, he became part of the story. A driver steered a four-wheel drive through deep floodwater; the vehicle stalled and began to sink. "It was terrifying," Murray told Reuters. "The thought of watching someone drown was horrifying." Murray and a bystander, Daniel Hainey, swam out and pulled the driver free moments before the car was completely submerged. "We had a big old hug after we got him out," Murray said. "That was one of the best moments of my life — seeing him safe." Emergency services answered hundreds of distress calls after more than 200 millimetres of rain caused flash floods that closed roads and schools across south-east Queensland.

📝 题目

细节理解 1. What caused the car to sink?

A. It stalled after driving through deep floodwater　B. It was hit by another vehicle on the road　C. The driver suddenly fell asleep at the wheel　D. The rising floodwater overturned and swept it away

推理判断 2. What does Murray's 'big old hug' suggest about his feeling?

A. He was angry with the driver he rescued　B. He regretted taking part in the rescue　C. He only wanted to appear on television　D. He felt great relief at saving a life

主旨大意 3. What is the passage mainly about?

A. How the heavy floods closed schools across Queensland　B. A reporter who rescued a stranger during floods　C. How to drive safely through deep floodwater　D. The daily rescue work of emergency services

词义猜测 4. The word "submerged" is closest in meaning to ______.

A. repaired and restarted by the driver　B. seen from far away by a television crew　C. pulled back onto the dry road by rescuers　D. completely covered by deep water

说明文Passage 3 · COP31 临近：土耳其海龟为气候变化敲响警钟

As COP31 nears, Türkiye's sea turtles sound a climate warning · Reuters，2026 年 10 月 18 日（COP31 将在土耳其安塔利亚召开，地中海海龟成气候象征） · 土耳其地中海沿岸 / 海洋生态 · 人与自然

📌 导读：随着土耳其将于下月在安塔利亚主办联合国气候峰会 COP31，地中海的濒危海龟意外成为气候变化的象征。科学家指出，气候变暖正稳步改写海龟延续千年的生命节律：升温的沙滩孵出更多雌性，部分海滩雌性幼龟比例高达 80%–90%；超过 30℃ 还可能提高胚胎死亡率，渔网与塑料垃圾也在海上威胁幼龟。说明文客观解释现象与机理。

🔤 生词表：summit 峰会、首脑会议（climate summit 气候峰会）　loggerhead 红海龟（loggerhead 蠵龟/红海龟）　hatchlings 幼龟、刚孵出的幼体（hatchling 复数）　vulnerable 脆弱的、易受伤害的（此处指易危）　ecologist 生态学家　embryos 胚胎（embryo 复数）　plastic 塑料的（plastic waste 塑料垃圾）　shared 共享的（shared ocean 共同的海洋）

📖 阅读短文（约 156 词）

As Türkiye prepares to host COP31, the United Nations climate summit, in Antalya next month, its sea turtles have become an unlikely symbol. On Iztuzu Beach, under a moonlit sky, tiny loggerheadhatchlings crawl from the sand toward the sea — an ancient cycle that scientists say climate change is steadily reshaping. The loggerhead turtle is listed as vulnerable worldwide. Researchers have found that warming sands produce more females, because a turtle's sex is decided by nest temperature. On some beaches, up to 80 to 90 percent of hatchlings are now female. "Sea turtles provide us with a very rapid warning system," says one ecologist. Warming also brings other dangers: above 30°C, embryos may die, and fishing nets and plastic waste threaten the young at sea. Turtle biologist Yakup Kaska notes that some females now nest farther north than before. The turtles, he says, remind us why countries must work together to protect a shared ocean.

📝 题目

细节理解 1. Why are warming sands a problem for sea turtles?

A. They make turtles nest in fewer safe places　B. They produce more female hatchlings　C. They attract more foxes to the beach　D. They slowly raise the level of the sea

词义猜测 2. The word "vulnerable" in the passage is closest in meaning to ______.

A. at risk of harm or extinction　B. very common and widespread across the sea　C. brightly coloured and easy to see　D. able to fly between islands at night

推理判断 3. What does Kaska's observation about nesting farther north suggest?

A. Turtles now prefer much colder beaches　B. The total number of turtles is rising fast　C. Fishing nets no longer threaten the turtles　D. Climate change is shifting turtle behaviour

主旨大意 4. What is the passage mainly about?

A. How to travel to Antalya for COP31　B. The daily diet of loggerhead turtles　C. How Türkiye fights plastic waste in the sea　D. How climate change threatens sea turtles

说明文Passage 4 · 多动一动，睡得好一点：青少年身心健康的「保护因子」

Move more, sleep better: protective habits for teen wellbeing · Sleep Health（Medical Xpress 2026 年 10 月报道，1,988 名中国初中生追踪研究）与 University of the Sunshine Coast「LABS」青少年研究（Journal of Adolescence，2026-10-08） · 青少年健康 / 心理学 · 人与自我

📌 导读：一项针对近 2,000 名中国初中生的追踪研究带来好消息：更爱运动的青少年半年后失眠症状更少，且这种影响是单向的——活动改善睡眠，而非睡眠差导致少动。另一项历时五年的澳大利亚研究则提出身心健康的「大五」保护因子：睡眠、饮食、运动、社会联结与正念，其中与家人朋友的连接感对抵御心理困扰作用最突出。说明文客观陈述研究结论。

🔤 生词表：insomnia 失眠（insomnia symptoms 失眠症状）　symptoms 症状（symptom 复数）　physically 身体上地（physically active 体力活跃的）　activity 活动、运动（physical activity 运动）　dwelling 萦绕、反复想（dwell on 的现在分词）　mindfulness 正念、专注当下　connectedness 联结感、归属感（social connectedness 社会联结）　distress 痛苦、困扰（psychological distress 心理困扰）

📖 阅读短文（约 150 词）

A new study offers good news for tired teenagers: moving more may help them sleep better. Researchers in China followed 1,988 middle-school students, aged about 14, at three time points six months apart. They found that teenagers who were more physically active reported fewer insomniasymptoms half a year later. Exercise also eased unhelpful thought habits, such as dwelling on worries. Importantly, the link ran one way — activity improved sleep, but poor sleep did not reduce activity. Another study, tracking Australians aged 12 to 17 for up to five years, points to a 'big five' of wellbeing: sleep, diet, exercise, social connectedness and mindfulness. Teens with more of these protective factors reported lower distress. Among them, feeling connected to family and friends stood out as the strongest shield against poor mental health. "Adolescence is a critical window," one researcher said, "so small healthy habits can matter for a lifetime."

📝 题目

细节理解 1. What did the Chinese study find about active teenagers?

A. Their sleep got worse despite more exercise　B. Exercise made them much smarter at school　C. They had fewer insomnia symptoms later　D. Poor sleep stopped them from any exercise

推理判断 2. What can be inferred about social connectedness?

A. It matters mainly for the youngest teenagers　B. It is a strong protector of teen mental health　C. It can replace the need for enough sleep　D. It was not even listed among the 'big five' factors

词义猜测 3. The phrase "dwelling on worries" is closest in meaning to ______.

A. thinking repeatedly about one's fears　B. forgetting one's daily problems rather quickly　C. sleeping quietly through the entire night　D. exercising outdoors on every single day

主旨大意 4. What is the passage mainly about?

A. How to train teens with more physical activity　B. Why teenagers dislike going to school　C. The history of modern sleep medicine　D. Healthy habits that protect teen wellbeing

说明文Passage 5 · 韦布望远镜绘制「热木星」WASP-17b 不对称大气

Webb maps a lopsided atmosphere on the hot Jupiter WASP-17b · Nature Astronomy，2026 年 10 月 14 日（康奈尔大学与布里斯托大学团队，用「透射弦」技术绘制 WASP-17b 大气边缘） · 系外行星 / 天文探索 · 人与自然

📌 导读：天文学家借助詹姆斯·韦布望远镜，以前所未有的精度绘制出遥远巨行星 WASP-17b 的大气结构：这颗距地球约 1,300 光年的「热木星」被潮汐锁定，永远以同一面朝向恒星。研究团队用新方法「透射弦」发现其傍晚侧大气向外膨胀得更远、温度也远高于清晨侧——清晨侧约 590℃、傍晚侧约 1,250℃，相差约 660℃。说明文客观介绍观测方法与发现。

🔤 生词表：Astronomers 天文学家（复数）　unprecedented 前所未有的、空前的　atmosphere 大气、大气层　Located 位于（locate 过去分词）　tidally 受潮汐作用的（tidally locked 潮汐锁定）　transmission 透射、传输（transmission strings 透射弦）　stretches 延伸、伸展（stretch 第三人称单数）　lopsided 不平衡的、偏向一方的

📖 阅读短文（约 154 词）

Astronomers using the James Webb Space Telescope have mapped, in unprecedented detail, the atmosphere of a distant giant planet called WASP-17b. Located about 1,300 light-years away, the planet is a 'hot Jupiter' — a gas giant that orbits its star in only 3.7 days and is tidally locked, always showing the same face to its sun. The team used a new method called 'transmission strings' to study starlight passing through the planet's atmospheric edge. They discovered something surprising: the evening side of the atmospherestretches farther out and is far hotter than the morning side. While the morning side sits near 590°C, the evening side reaches about 1,250°C — a difference of some 660°C. Strong winds carry heat from the permanent day side to the night side, but the flow is uneven. The finding, published in Nature Astronomy, shows that a planet's weather can be strikingly lopsided, opening a new window on alien climates.

📝 题目

细节理解 1. How long does WASP-17b take to orbit its star?

A. It is a small gas giant near its sun　B. It takes about 660 hot days to orbit　C. It orbits its star once every 3.7 hours　D. It orbits in only about 3.7 days

词义猜测 2. The word "lopsided" is closest in meaning to ______.

A. perfectly round and fully balanced in form　B. extremely cold and deeply frozen solid　C. made entirely out of hot gas only　D. uneven or one-sided in shape

推理判断 3. What does the temperature difference between the two sides suggest?

A. Heat is carried unevenly by strong winds　B. The planet actually has almost no atmosphere　C. Both sides share exactly the same temperature　D. The host star is very small in size

主旨大意 4. What is the passage mainly about?

A. How to build a space telescope like Webb　B. A lopsided atmosphere on a distant planet　C. Why the planet's atmosphere is so hot　D. The full history of the Webb telescope

议论文Passage 6 · 该给人工智能套上更严的安全缰绳吗？一场全球治理之辩

Should AI face stricter global safety rules? · 基于 Reuters 2026 年 10 月 12 日（微软总裁 Brad Smith 谈 AI 监管）与 10 月 16 日（Anthropic 向国会提交 AI 安全法案草案）报道编写 · 科技治理 / 公共政策 · 人与社会

📌 导读：随着 AI 系统愈发强大，「是否应建立更严格的全球安全规则」之争日益紧迫。微软总裁 Brad Smith 主张 AI 目前面临的安全要求比一盒牛奶还少，呼吁设立独立评估方、事故报告与对失控系统的「紧急刹车」；Anthropic 也悄然提出自己的 AI 安全法案，允许政府在模型可能造成巨大危害时予以阻断。但批评者担心企业借立规保护领先地位、或以安全之名拖慢对手；也有人忧虑重监管会抑制创新。文章在呈现对立立场后主张：监管应有度——既明确安全职责，又保留创新空间。设观点态度题。

🔤 生词表：artificial 人造的（artificial intelligence 人工智能）　requirements 要求、规定（safety requirements 安全要求）　independent 独立的（independent evaluators 独立评估方）　evaluators 评估者、评价方（evaluator 复数）　rogue 失控的、 rogue systems 失控系统　foreseeable 可预见的（foreseeable risk 可预见的风险）　oversight 监督、监管（needs oversight 需要监管）　sensible 明智的、合理的（a sensible path 明智之路）

📖 阅读短文（约 160 词）

Should artificial intelligence face stricter global safety rules? The question grows urgent as AI systems grow more powerful. Brad Smith, president of Microsoft, argues that AI currently faces fewer safety requirements than a carton of milk, and warns that the world needs global rules with independentevaluators, incident reports, and an 'emergency brake' on rogue systems. His view finds support: the company Anthropic has quietly proposed its own AI safety bill, letting governments block models that pose a foreseeable risk of huge harm. Yet critics push back. Some fear that firms drafting the rules may be protecting their own lead, or slowing rivals under the guise of safety. Others worry that heavy regulation could stall innovation and leave dangerous gaps if enforcement lags. The debate is not about whether AI needs oversight, but how much and by whom. A sensible path, many agree, pairs clear safety duties with the freedom to keep innovating — protecting the public without freezing progress.

📝 题目

推理判断 1. What does Brad Smith compare AI safety rules to?

A. The safety rules for a carton of milk　B. The speed of a new and powerful AI system　C. The market price of a powerful AI system　D. The number of AI systems in use today

观点态度 2. What is the author's attitude toward AI regulation?

A. fully against having any safety rules at all　B. in favour of blocking all AI research work　C. balanced rules that protect yet allow innovation　D. largely uninterested in the whole debate

细节理解 3. What has the company Anthropic proposed?

A. A total block on the most dangerous AI models　B. Its own draft of an AI safety bill　C. Free safety reports for every AI firm　D. An end to Microsoft's role in AI safety

主旨大意 4. What is the passage mainly about?

A. How to buy shares of Microsoft　B. The long history of food safety rules for milk　C. Why modern AI systems grow so powerful　D. The debate over how strictly to regulate AI

📑 参考答案与解析

Passage 1 · 河畔科学博物馆「冬季星空与韦布影像展」家庭活动通告

1. 答案：B　细节理解题。由「a free evening telescope viewing (clear skies only) from 6:30 p.m.」并结合同为周末开放的安排可知，免费夜间望远镜观测仅在晴朗的傍晚 18:30 进行，故选 B。A「每天 10 至 16 点」是场馆日常开放时段、属扩大范围；C「仅工作日 15:30」、D「整夜通宵」均属张冠李戴或扩大范围。

定位：a free evening telescope viewing (clear skies only) from 6:30 p.m.

2. 答案：C　细节理解题。由「Booking online is required for the telescope night」可知夜间望远镜活动须提前在线预约，故选 C。A「直接走进」与原文相反、属偷换概念；B「不付费不能进」改写了原文——会员与 5 岁以下儿童免费，属部分真实关键篡改；D「先参加导览」属答非所问。

定位：Booking online is required for the telescope night.

3. 答案：A　推理判断题。由「a star-forming region ... where newborn stars glow inside clouds of gas and dust」并配合名为「birth of stars（恒星诞生）」的导览可知，该导览讲述恒星在气体与尘埃中诞生的过程，故选 A。B「票价与导览时段」、C「望远镜如何制造」、D「展厅闪光灯规定」均为答非所问，并非导览内容。

定位：where newborn stars glow inside clouds of gas and dust.

Passage 2 · 洪水中，他把落水司机拽出车外——一名记者的惊险救援

1. 答案：A　细节理解题。由「A driver steered a four-wheel drive through deep floodwater; the vehicle stalled and began to sink」可知司机驾车涉过深积水后车辆熄火并开始下沉，故选 A。B「被别的车撞」、C「司机睡着」、D「洪水掀翻冲走」均属偷换概念或无依据的改写。

定位：A driver steered a four-wheel drive through deep floodwater; the vehicle stalled and began to sink.

2. 答案：D　推理判断题。由「That was one of the best moments of my life — seeing him safe」可推知 Murray 在把人救上岸后感到巨大的宽慰与喜悦，故选 D。A「对司机发火」、B「后悔参与救援」均与文意相反，C「想上电视」属无依据的答非所问。

定位：That was one of the best moments of my life — seeing him safe.

3. 答案：B　主旨大意题。全文围绕记者 Murray 在昆士兰洪灾中临危救人展开，结尾点明救人后的欣慰，故选 B。A「洪水导致停课」、C「如何在积水中驾驶」、D「急救部门日常」均属细节或以偏概全。

定位：Murray and a bystander, Daniel Hainey, swam out and pulled the driver free

4. 答案：D　词义猜测题。前文说两人把司机拽出「moments before the car was completely submerged」，结合汽车在洪水中「began to sink（开始下沉）」的语境，submerged 意为「被水完全淹没」，故选 D。A「修好重启」、B「从远处被拍到」、C「被拖回干路」均不符。

定位：pulled the driver free moments before the car was completely submerged.

Passage 3 · COP31 临近：土耳其海龟为气候变化敲响警钟

1. 答案：B　细节理解题。由「warming sands produce more females, because a turtle's sex is decided by nest temperature」可知升温的沙滩因决定性别的温度机制而孵出更多雌性幼龟，故选 B。A「筑巢地变少」、D「海平面上升」属偷换概念；C「招来更多狐狸」为答非所问（原文未提）。

定位：warming sands produce more females, because a turtle's sex is decided by nest temperature.

2. 答案：A　词义猜测题。由「The loggerhead turtle is listed as vulnerable worldwide」并联系后文气候变暖使其面临性别失衡、胚胎死亡、渔网塑料等多重威胁，可知 vulnerable 指「易受伤害、处于危险/濒危状态」，故选 A。B「非常常见」、C「颜色鲜艳」、D「能在岛屿间飞翔」均不符。

定位：The loggerhead turtle is listed as vulnerable worldwide.

3. 答案：D　推理判断题。由「some females now nest farther north than before」并呼应「climate change is steadily reshaping」可推知气候变化正在改变海龟的筑巢行为（向北迁移），故选 D。A「偏好更冷海滩」把被迫迁移说成主观偏好、B「数量快速增长」属答非所问、C「渔网不再威胁」与原文「fishing nets ... threaten」直接矛盾，属部分真实关键篡改。

定位：Turtle biologist Yakup Kaska notes that some females now nest farther north than before.

4. 答案：D　主旨大意题。全文以土耳其海龟为切入点，说明气候变暖如何改变其性别比例、提高胚胎死亡风险并带来其他海洋威胁，故选 D。A「如何去安塔利亚」、B「海龟日常饮食」属答非所问；C「土耳其如何治理海上塑料垃圾」仅为文中一笔细节，非主旨。

定位：an ancient cycle that scientists say climate change is steadily reshaping.

Passage 4 · 多动一动，睡得好一点：青少年身心健康的「保护因子」

1. 答案：C　细节理解题。由「teenagers who were more physically active reported fewer insomnia symptoms half a year later」可知更活跃的青少年半年后失眠症状更少，故选 C。A「睡眠更差」、B「更聪明」属偷换概念或答非所问；D「睡眠差让他们不再运动」与原文「poor sleep did not reduce activity（睡眠差并未减少活动）」因果倒置。

定位：teenagers who were more physically active reported fewer insomnia symptoms half a year later.

2. 答案：B　推理判断题。由「feeling connected to family and friends stood out as the strongest shield against poor mental health」可推知与家人朋友的联结感是青少年心理健康强有力的保护因子，故选 B。A「主要对儿童重要」把结论缩小到年幼群体、C「可替代睡眠」属偷换概念、D「未被列入大五」与原文矛盾，属答非所问。

定位：feeling connected to family and friends stood out as the strongest shield against poor mental health.

3. 答案：A　词义猜测题。前文说运动能缓解「unhelpful thought habits（无益的思维习惯），such as dwelling on worries」，dwelling on worries 指反复纠结、沉溺于焦虑，故选 A。B「快速遗忘」、C「整夜安睡」、D「每天户外锻炼」均与「无益思维习惯」相反或无关。

定位：Exercise also eased unhelpful thought habits, such as dwelling on worries.

4. 答案：D　主旨大意题。全文介绍运动改善睡眠、以及「大五」保护因子如何守护青少年身心健康，故选 D。A「如何竞技训练」以偏概全、B「为何厌学」、C「睡眠医学史」均属答非所问或无关。

定位：Teens with more of these protective factors reported lower distress.

Passage 5 · 韦布望远镜绘制「热木星」WASP-17b 不对称大气

1. 答案：D　细节理解题。由「a gas giant that orbits its star in only 3.7 days」可知 WASP-17b 绕恒星公转一周仅需约 3.7 天，故选 D。A「是颗小气体巨星」、B「约 660 天」、C「约 3.7 小时」均属偷换概念（分别混淆了体积、温差数值与公转周期）。

定位：a gas giant that orbits its star in only 3.7 days

2. 答案：D　词义猜测题。前文指出该行星傍晚侧大气「stretches farther out and is far hotter than the morning side」，又说热量输送「the flow is uneven（不均匀）」，可知 lopsided 形容行星天气「不平衡、偏向一方」，故选 D。A「完美圆润平衡」、B「极冷冻结」、C「完全由气体构成」均不符。

定位：a planet's weather can be strikingly lopsided

3. 答案：A　推理判断题。由「Strong winds carry heat from the permanent day side to the night side, but the flow is uneven」可推知两侧温差源于强风对热量的不均匀输送，故选 A。B「几乎没有大气」与发现大气结构矛盾、C「两侧温度相同」与观测直接相反（属部分真实关键篡改）、D「恒星很小」属答非所问。

定位：Strong winds carry heat from the permanent day side to the night side, but the flow is uneven.

4. 答案：B　主旨大意题。全文介绍韦布望远镜绘制出遥远行星 WASP-17b 不对称（偏向一方）的大气结构及两侧温差，故选 B。A「如何造望远镜」、C「大气为何这么热」、D「韦布望远镜史」均属答非所问或无关。

定位：Astronomers using the James Webb Space Telescope have mapped, in unprecedented detail, the atmosphere of a distant giant planet called WASP-17b.

Passage 6 · 该给人工智能套上更严的安全缰绳吗？一场全球治理之辩

1. 答案：A　推理判断题。由「AI currently faces fewer safety requirements than a carton of milk」可知 Smith 把 AI 的安全要求与「一盒牛奶」所适用的安全规则作对比，指出前者反而更少，故选 A。B「AI 系统速度」、C「AI 系统市价」、D「在用 AI 系统数量」均属偷换概念或答非所问。

定位：AI currently faces fewer safety requirements than a carton of milk

2. 答案：C　观点态度题。作者在列举双方立场后写道「A sensible path ... pairs clear safety duties with the freedom to keep innovating — protecting the public without freezing progress」，整体持「在明确安全职责与保留创新自由之间取得平衡」的支持态度，故选 C。A「全然反对任何规则」、B「赞成阻断所有 AI 研究」是把某一极端立场误当作者态度；D「漠不关心」与全文着墨立论相反。

定位：A sensible path, many agree, pairs clear safety duties with the freedom to keep innovating — protecting the public without freezing progress.

3. 答案：B　细节理解题。由「the company Anthropic has quietly proposed its own AI safety bill」可知 Anthropic 悄然提出了自己的 AI 安全法案草案，故选 B。A「全面阻断最危险模型」、C「为每家 AI 公司提供免费安全报告」、D「终结微软在 AI 安全中的角色」均属偷换概念或答非所问。

定位：the company Anthropic has quietly proposed its own AI safety bill

4. 答案：D　主旨大意题。全文围绕「是否及如何对 AI 施以更严格的全球安全规则」这一分歧与平衡之道展开，故选 D。A「如何买微软股票」、B「牛奶食品安全史」、C「AI 系统为何变强」均属答非所问，仅为文中比喻或无关内容。

定位：Should artificial intelligence face stricter global safety rules?