夜雨聆风选词填空到底怎么定位？拿四校这道真题讲清楚三个核心考点
选词填空，你是不是每次都要错三四个？
上海高考考的根本不是你认不认识这个词，而是词性的预判、语境的判断，还有偏义的搭配。这是我们四校高三会反复练的一个核心思路。今天这道题，教你一分钟定一个空
🪴这是一个四校入门级的练习
真题原文
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. specialising B. live C. pioneering D. charge E. calorie F. tailor-made G. insufficient H. calculate I. plug J. anchor K. comparing
Carbon labeling is gaining momentum in the travel industry as a way to help consumers make sustainable choices. Some (1)______ operators started measuring the impact of trips and displaying carbon footprints on their packages. Much Better Adventures led the (2)______ in early 2021, becoming the first international travel company to implement carbon labeling. "It should go beyond travel and they should be on all products that we buy. Carbon labels should be the new (3)______," said Sam Bruce, the company's co-founder.
A company (4)______ in holidays to Latin America, Spain and Portugal — Pura Aventura — followed with their own approach. "The complexity we have is that all our trips are (5)______ — so we can't say we've got 50 trips and let's measure the carbon of each one," explained co-founder Thomas Power. "You need a (6)______ tool — so we built it into our database." Their system allows them to (7)______ the database with customer details and (8)______ the amount of carbon produced from door to door for each journey.
Currently, travelers have (9)______ expert knowledge about their holiday's environmental impact. As a layman, it's challenging to determine if one trip is more sustainable than another. The industry faces challenges in (10)______ carbon measurements across different providers since each company uses its own methodology.
Like nutrition labels on food packaging, carbon footprint data helps consumers make informed choices, though most calculations still exclude international flights, which typically contribute the most to a trip's emissions.
🪴
逐空精析（第1-5空）
第一步：先定词性
第一个空，我们先去定词性。
Some (1)______ operators started measuring the impact of trips and displaying carbon footprints on their packages.
第一个空修饰谁？是不是就是operators运营商？在这种情况下，第一步永远是定词性，这里必须填一个形容词，因为名词前面需要形容词修饰。形容词选项有C选项pioneering，有tailor-made，有insufficient。再看语境，它说"started measuring the impact of trips"（开始测量旅行的足迹），能做这件事的是一个开创性的运营商，为什么？因为它是刚开始做这件事的。所以第一题选C（pioneering）。
第二步：熟词偏义
Much Better Adventures led the (2)______ in early 2021, becoming the first international travel company to implement carbon labeling.
这里有一个"lead the ______"，直接对应固定搭配lead the charge，词义是"引领、带头"，所以选D（charge）。去年高考也考过charge"负责操作"这个偏义，如果不积累，这里就必错。
第三步：语境参考
"Carbon labels should be the new (3)______," said Sam Bruce, the company's co-founder.
它说"carbon labels should be the new ______"，后面紧跟着"Like nutrition labels"（像食品营养标签）。营养标签是我们吃东西、买东西时都要先对照查看的一个基础参考，所以"nutrition labels"本身就是"参考"的角色。
这里的选项里有一个词经常有多义，比如说"主持人"，还有"锚"，锚的直接义是船上那个锚，但它可以引申为一个基准、一个核心。所以这个地方选J（anchor）：碳标签应该成为像营养标签一样的新"基准/参考点"。如果这里乱填了个类似calorie这种词，肯定是错的，因为它跟主旨、跟全文完全不搭。
老师提示：先把全文走一遍，再回来逐空定位，这是第一步的通用做法。
第四步：核心搭配
A company (4)______ in holidays to Latin America, Spain and Portugal — Pura Aventura — followed with their own approach.
这里有个in，关注在拉丁美洲、西班牙和葡萄牙这些地方假期的公司，这个词叫specialize in，意思是"专注于"，所以选A（specialising）。这里用ing，是因为现在分词做后置定语。
看到这个in，是不是有点想填"plug"？plug in是"插入、塞入"，跟"专注旅行"这个领域没有关系，这种搭配必须像记公式一样全部记下来，因为它本身就是一个固定搭配。
第五步：反义推理
"The complexity we have is that all our trips are (5)______ — so we can't say we've got 50 trips and let's measure the carbon of each one," explained co-founder Thomas Power.
后文说"can't say we've got 50 trips and (measure each one)"，这说明旅行没法给50个都统一去测算，说明是量身定制的，没办法批量。批量的反义是不是就是"量身定制"？所以选F（tailor-made）。你能把你的碳足迹和别人的放在一起统一衡量吗？不能，所以要量身定制。
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