文档内容
Unit 3 The Internet
Period 2 Discovering Useful Structures
培优层级一 基础多维巩固
维度一 单句语法填空
1．A great many machines have been produced(produce) by the factory since the technological revolution.
2．Professor Yang has been invited(invite) to the film festival twice so far.
3．Up to now, a lot of highrise buildings have been built(build) in our city.
4．The English song has been sung(sing) for many years, but we still like it.
5．More than 50，000 yuan has been raised(raise) for the poor family since the group was founded.
6．China's space program has been developed(develop) greatly since it sent its first astronaut to space.
7．Over the past three years, more than $10 million has been spent(spend) carrying out the project.
8．Xrays have confirmed(confirm) that he has not broken any bones.
9．In the last few years, thousands of films have been made(make) all over the world.
10．The robots have been used(use) to help humans do some dangerous work since the late 1990s.
维度二 语法与写作
1．虽然我们不知道讨论了什么，但是我们可以感觉到主题已经被改变了。
Though we don't know what was discussed, we can feel the topic has been changed yet.
2．空气、噪音和水污染已经极大地影响了人们的健康。
People's health has been greatly affected by air, noise and water pollution.
3．从上面的讨论我们可以得出结论，父母是我们最好的老师。
From what has been discussed above，we can draw a conclusion that parents are our best teachers.
4．男孩们已经被多次告知不能在湖里游泳，但是没起什么作用。
The boys have been told many times not to swim in that lake, but it doesn't make any difference.
5．被告知林涛因为在数学竞赛中(获得)最高分而被复旦大学录取，我们很高兴。
We are glad to be told that Lin Tao has been admitted to Fudan University for his top score in the Maths
Contest.
培优层级二 多维训练提能
一、阅读理解
A
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂主题语境：人与社会 语篇类型：说明文 建议用时：8 min
The idea behind Facebook is to make us feel connected all the time.But in my research, I've found that the
truth is quite different.
Technology, it turns out, has made being alone seem like a problem that needs solving.When young people are
alone, even for a minute or two, they feel the need to connect, to get on Facebook or some other social networks
and chat.But in connecting, they often end up feeling more isolated．Why？Because by being in constant(不断
的)connection, they lose the ability to feel satisfied with their own company.
Facebook can help us keep in touch with our friends, but we too often use it instead of spending facetoface
time with them.And since we feel the need to keep up with them online, we don't have moments of loneliness
where we can collect our thoughts and learn how to be comfortable being alone.
—Sherry Turkle, Professor
Facebook connects more of us to more of our friends and family in more places than we have ever been
connected before.Yes, Facebook is a huge time sink — maybe the biggest ever.Many people post useless stuff.And
seeing too much of your friends' lives can make you jealous (嫉妒的), but it won't remove your loneliness.
Jane, a former student of mine, who is back in New York after living abroad for ten years, told me that
Facebook helps her a lot.The first time she moved back to New York from abroad, she felt disconnected from her
family and friends.Now，because of lots of photos and information updates, she knows what is happening with her
friends all the time.
In fact, if you are lonely in real life, you will be lonely online as well.
—Sree Sreenivasan, Chief Digital Officer
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了社交网络是否使人们变得越来越孤独。
1．The underlined word “isolated” in Paragraph 2 means“ ”．
A．free B．selfish
C．careless D．lonely
解析：选D 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“made being alone seem like a problem ...When young people
are alone”可知，isolated此处指“孤独的”，故选D项。
2．According to Sherry Turkle, we should ．
A．feel satisfied with our life
B．avoid using social networks
C．keep in touch with our friends
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂D．enjoy moments of loneliness
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“we don't have moments of loneliness where we can collect
our thoughts and learn how to be comfortable being alone”可知，Sherry Turkle认为我们应该学会享受孤独。
3．What's Jane's attitude towards Facebook?
A．Hopeful. B．Doubtful.
C．Thankful. D．Regretful.
解析：选 C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中 Jane 描述她从 Facebook 里了解朋友们的生活以及
“Facebook helps her a lot.”可知，Jane对Facebook应该是充满感激之情。
4．The purpose of the text is to ．
A．educate B．discuss
C．persuade D．introduce
解析：选B 写作意图题。从本文贯穿始终的 alone和lonely以及两位人士对社交网络Facebook的不
同观点可知，本文对社交网络是否使人们变得越来越孤独进行了探讨。
B
主题语境：人与社会 语篇类型：记叙文 建议用时：8 min
I had heard about VR being used in the classroom but didn't think I'd ever try it. I actually got a VR headset
(耳机)as a New Year present from my friend and started searching for apps online to see whether it could be useful
in my classroom. I soon found a free app through Google Cardboard and knew I had a lesson!
To use VR in the classroom, you need two things: a smartphone that can download (下载) the app or video,
and a headset. To find the actual videos we'd be watching, I searched through free VR apps like Orbulus, Trench
Experience VR and Cardboard. I also found hundreds of videos on YouTube. The key is to find videos made with
the 360 cameras. While they don't give the kids a 3D experience like the apps, they are still amazingly
immersive(沉浸式虚拟现实的) when viewed through the headsets.
So far we've had three lessons. I first used the headsets with my seventh grade US History class. The Trench
app allows students to “walk” through a trench (战壕) during World War Ⅰ and learn about many of the tools used
during that time. My second activity was working with the sixth grade Geography class. They used the headsets
strictly as viewers to watch a 360 video taking them through a rocky landscape. My final activity was the most
interesting one, according to the reactions (反应) of my eighth grade Civics students. I was able to find a White
House 360 tour that was made a few years ago.
For the rest of this year, I plan to continue using apps and 360 videos in my classes. Next year I'm going to
write to my boss asking for a 360 video camera so that I can begin to create my own VR field trips for the students.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己在所教班级尝试利用虚拟现实技术教学的经历。
5．When did the author get the idea of trying VR in her classroom?
A．When she was searching for apps online.
B．After she received a VR headset as a gift.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂C．When she was having a conversation with her friend.
D．After she heard about VR being used in the classroom.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I actually got a VR headset as a New Year present from my friend
and started searching for apps online to see whether it could be useful in my classroom.”可知，作者是在收到一副
虚拟现实耳机后开始产生在课堂上运用虚拟现实技术辅助教学的想法的。
6．What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A．The kids. B．The apps.
C．The videos. D．The headsets.
C 解析：代词指代题。根据第二段中的“The key is to find videos made with the 360 cameras.While they
don't give the kids a 3D experience like the apps, they are still amazingly immersive when viewed through the
headsets.”可知，作者认为找视频时的关键是找到用全景摄像机拍摄的视频，虽然它们(这些视频)给孩子们
的三维体验不如那些应用程序，但是它们依然能让孩子们沉浸在虚拟现实中。
7．Which VR lesson was the most popular one among students?
A．The Civics lesson. B．The Science lesson.
C．The Geography lesson. D．The US History lesson.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“My final activity was the most interesting one, according to the
reactions of my eighth grade Civics students.”可知，八年级的市政课堂是最受学生欢迎的。
8．What will the author do next year?
A．Buy a 360 video camera.
B．Create 360 videos by herself.
C．Take her students on more field trips.
D．Try new teaching methods in her classes.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Next year I'm going to write to my boss asking for a 360 video
camera so that I can begin to create my own VR field trips for the students.”可知，来年作者计划申请一部全景
相机为学生们提供她自己创造的虚拟现实实地考察旅行。因此可推断，作者来年将自己制作全景视频。
二、七选五
It's very important to develop new technology wisely so that everyone can benefit from it. Some people
believe our technology plan should focus on building spaceships. 1. Which is the better course of action?
For those who dream of exploring outer space, the development of hightech spaceships is important. But just
one spaceship can cost billions of dollars. 2. Even the most specialized robots could be designed and built
much more cheaply than spaceships. Besides, robots could be used for practical purposes right here on Earth.
Many people who focus on future space exploration talk about solving the key mysteries of space and perhaps
even how life comes into being. 3. Robots will play many new roles in people's life in the future, but
even the robots we have now benefit us in practical ways. For example, they can work in dangerous conditions,
such as places with very high or low temperatures. They can take apart bombs (炸弹), build products, or carry out
important surgery (手术). 4.
In a word, it's clearly better to give attention, time, and money to the technological development of robots. 5.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂They also benefit people in ways that are more practical than any benefit from a spaceship.
A．It is way more costly than building a robot.
B．Others believe it should focus on building robots.
C．They are less expensive to develop and more useful.
D．These are all useful things that benefit people right now.
E．Here are some of the advantages of having robots around the house.
F．Technology plays an important role in helping humans work more easily.
G．While this kind of knowledge is interesting, it is not what people need most right now.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。未来科技应该把重点放在哪一方面呢？是宇宙飞行器还是机器
人？
1．B 解析：B项中的“Others believe it should focus on”与上文中的“Some people believe our technology
plan should focus on”对应，介绍了人们对未来科技重点关注方向的不同看法。
2．A 解析：A项起到承上启下的作用，It指代上文中的建造宇宙飞船，“way more costly than building a
robot”又与下文“Even the most specialized robots could be designed and built much more cheaply than
spaceships.”密切相关。
3．G 解析：G项中的“this kind of knowledge”指代上文中的“key mysteries of space and perhaps even how
life comes into being”，说明这类知识虽然很酷，但不是人们当下的生活所需要的。
4．D 解析：D项中的These指代上文中的“they can work in dangerous conditions...or carry out important
surgery”，即当下机器人能帮助人们做的事情。
5．C 解析：最后一段重申了作者的观点，总结了支撑该观点的理由，C项阐述了其中一个理由，即机器
人造价低但用途大。
三、语法填空
Cards and digital technologies 1 (kill) off cash slowly, but is it a cause for concern? Not 2
(necessary). Here are some ways of making the most of digital finance.
Cash is no longer king. Over recent years fewer and fewer transactions (交易) 3 (make) in cash. The most
recent figures show coins and notes are used just 34% of the time, down from 63% a decade ago. And it 4
(predict) to fall to just 10% in 15 years.
Instead, we're paying with cards and digital technologies. Some of this is down to user choice, with contactless
cards and smartphones making spending 5 (fast) and more convenient.
But it's also being forced upon us. Some retailers are refusing physical money as they can avoid the high bank
charges levied (征收) at them for 6 (handle) cash. Meanwhile it's harder to get your hands on notes as cash
machines and 7 (bank) disappear from the high street. And these are trends which are likely 8 (increase)
in the coming years.
This could be bad news if you still primarily use cash, 9 that's how you pay your bills or how you
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂budget. For some, cash is just what you know. For 10 ， cash is a necessity — especially when going digital
is the alternative.As a result this move towards cashless society makes many uneasy.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。银行卡和数字科技正在慢慢地取代现金，作者介绍了这种趋势对人们
生活的影响。
1．are killing 考查时态与主谓一致。句意：银行卡和数字科技正在慢慢消灭现金。这句话缺少谓语
动词，且根据句意，应使用现在进行时。主语“Cards and digital technologies”为复数形式，故填 are
killing。
2．necessarily 考查副词。句意：这是担心的原因吗？没必要。空格处单词修饰前边整个句子，应用
副词形式。故填necessarily。
3．have been made 考查时态与语态。句意：最近这些年，用现金做的交易越来越少了。根据时间状
语“Over recent years”可知需要用现在完成时，又因transactions与make之间为动宾关系需用被动语态。故
填have been made。
4．is predicted 考查时态与语态。句意：并且，现金的使用估计 15年内将会降到10%。这句话与上
一句都是数据显示的结果，上一句使用的一般现在时，所以这句话也应使用一般现在时。it作主语代指现
金的使用，应使用被动语态，且谓语动词用单数形式。故填is predicted。
5．faster 考查形容词的比较级。句意：非接触式卡片和手机使得消费更加快捷更加方便。and前后连
接两个并列成分，由“more convenient”可知，空格处也应该填形容词的比较级。故填faster。
6．handling 考查非谓语动词。句意：一些零售商拒绝使用纸币因为他们能避免由于处理现金而带来
的银行征收的费用。空格后有宾语cash，且位于介词for之后，所以应使用动名词作宾语。故填handling。
7．banks 考查名词。句意：现在取钱也越来越困难因为大街上的取款机和银行正在慢慢消失。and
前后连接两个并列的成分，由“cash machines”可知，空格处应填名词的复数形式。故填banks。
8．to increase 考查非谓语动词。句意：接下来几年中这些趋势有可能继续加强。be likely to do sth意
为“有可能做某事”，为固定搭配。故填to increase。
9．whether 考查连词。句意：如果你还使用现金的话这可能是一个坏消息，无论你是使用现金付钱
还是使用现金做预算。这是一个让步状语从句，意为“无论……还是……” ，故填whether。
10．others 考查代词。句意：对于一些人，现金仅仅是你知道的一个东西。对于另一些人，现金是
必需品。由some“一些”可知，空格处填others“另一些”。故填others。
培优层级三 真题滚动训练
一、阅读理解
A
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂主题语境：人与社会 语篇类型：说明文 建议用时：8 min
（2022·全国·高考真题）Can a small group of drones (无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of
railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely
future of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks
and infrastructure (基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing
to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks
and switching points. The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time
performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient (高效) across the board.
That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is
calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including
sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work
that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews’ efforts.
By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting
faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail
don’t need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They
will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with
advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see
ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.
1．What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible?
A．The use of drones in checking on power lines. B．Drones’ ability to work at high altitudes.
C．The reduction of cost in designing drones. D．Drones’ reliable performance in remote areas.
2．What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Personnel safety. B．Assistance from drones.
C．Inspection and repair. D．Construction of infrastructure.
3．What function is expected of the rail drones?
A．To provide early warning. B．To make trains run automatically.
C．To earn profits for the crews. D．To accelerate transportation.
4．Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A．What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂B．How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded
C．What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face
D．How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。应用今天的“空中之眼”的技术，无人机能在保证铁路安全可靠的同时又能
帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元。
1．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They
could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the
correct position of railway tracks and switching points.(无人机已经被用于检查高压电线。他们完全可以做同样
的事情来检查铁路线路和铁路基础设施的其他重要方面，如铁路轨道和换乘点的正确位置)”可推知，无人
机在高空工作的能力使无人机应用于铁路线路成为可能。故选B。
2．词义猜测题。根据后文“It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a
year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail
infrastructure. (据统计，仅欧洲铁路公司每年在铁路维护上的花费就约为200亿欧元，其中包括经常在夜间
派遣维修人员检查和维修铁路基础设施)”可知花在maintenance上的费用是用于“inspect and repair the rail
infrastructure （检查和维修铁路基础设施”，由此可知“That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and
better protection of railway personnel safety”是指大幅节省检修成本和更好地保护铁路人员安全，划线词和 C
项：Inspection and repair(检修)含义相近。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段 “Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the
train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-
moving trains would be able to react in time.(带有先进传感器和人工智能的非常小的无人机可以像副驾驶一样
在火车前面行驶。凭借他们的预见能力，他们可以发出任何问题的信号，以便快速行驶的火车能够及时做
出反应)”可知，对于无人机期待的功能是提前发现问题。故选A。
4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Can a small group of drones(无人机)guarantee the safety and reliability of
railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely
future of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometers of rail tracks
and infrastructure(基础设施)worldwide are safe for trains on a24/7 basis.(一小群无人机能否在保证铁路安全可
靠的同时，帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元？这很可能是应用今天的“空中之眼”技术的未来，以确
保全球数百万公里的铁路轨道和基础设施全天候安全运行。)”以及后文第二段讲到了使用无人机检查电力
线路使无人机应用于铁路线路成为可能;第三段讲到了使用无人机大幅节省维护成本和更好地保护铁路人员
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂安全；第四段讲到了通过使用最新的技术，无人机还可以开始为铁路提供更高的价值，可知文章主要讲述
了无人机将如何改变铁路的未来，所以D项“无人机将如何改变铁路的未来。”符合文章中心思想，适合
作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。
B
主题语境：人与社会 语篇类型：记叙文 建议用时：8 min
（天津·高考真题）Whether in the home or the workplace, social robots are going to become a lot more
common in the next few years. Social robots are about to bring technology to the everyday world in a more
humanized way, said Cynthia Breazeal, chief scientist at the robot company Jibo.
While household robots today do the normal housework, social robots will be much more like companions
than mere tools. For example, these robots will be able to distinguish when someone is happy or sad. This allows
them to respond more appropriately to the user.
The Jibo robot, arranged to ship later this year, is designed to be a personalized assistant. You can talk to the
robot, ask it questions, and make requests for it to perform different tasks. The robot doesn’t just deliver general
answers to questions; it responds based on what it learns about each individual in the household. It can do things
such as reminding an elderly family member to take medicine or taking family photos.
Social robots are not just finding their way into the home. They have potential applications in everything from
education to health care and are already finding their way into some of these spaces.
Fellow Robots is one company bringing social robots to the market. The company’s “Oshbot” robot is built to
assist customers in a store, which can help the customers find items and help guide them to the product’s location in
the store. It can also speak different languages and make recommendations for different items based on what the
customer is shopping for.
The more interaction the robot has with humans, the more it learns. But Oshbot, like other social robots, is not
intended to replace workers, but to work alongside other employees. “We have technologies to train social robots to
do things not for us, but with us,” said Breazeal.
5．How are social robots different from household robots?
A．They can control their emotions. B．They are more like humans.
C．They do the normal housework. D．They respond to users more slowly.
6．What can a Jibo robot do according to Paragraph 3?
A．Communicate with you and perform operations.
B．Answer your questions and make requests.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂C．Take your family pictures and deliver milk.
D．Obey your orders and remind you to take pills.
7．What can Oshbot work as?
A．A language teacher. B．A tour guide.
C．A shop assistant. D．A private nurse.
8．We can learn from the last paragraph that social robots will _______.
A．train employees B．be our workmates
C．improve technologies D．take the place of workers
9．What does the passage mainly present?
A．A new design idea of household robots. B．Marketing strategies for social robots.
C．Information on household robots. D．An introduction to social robots.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了社会机器人的功能与作用。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中“While household robots today do the normal housework, social robots will be
much more like companions than mere tools.(虽然现在的家用机器人会做日常家务，但社交机器人将更像伴侣，
而不仅仅是工具)”可知，社会机器人更像人或不是纯粹的工具。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据根据第三段中“You can talk to the robot, ask it questions, and make requests for it to
perform different tasks. The robot doesn’t just deliver general answers to questions; it responds based on what it
learns about each individual in the household. It can do things such as reminding an elderly family member to take
medicine or taking family photos.(你可以和机器人交谈，问它问题，并要求它执行不同的任务。机器人不只
是给出问题的一般答案；它根据对家庭中每个人的了解做出反应。它可以做一些事情，比如提醒家庭中年
长的成员吃药或拍摄家庭照片)”可知，Jibo机器人能服从命令，提醒服药。故选D。
7．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The company’s “Oshbot” robot is built to assist customers in a store,
which can help the customers find items and help guide them to the product’s location in the store.(该公司的
“Oshbot”机器人是为了在商店里帮助顾客而设计的，它可以帮助顾客找到商品，并引导他们找到商品在商
店里的位置)”可知，Oshbot可以做店员。故选C。
8．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But Oshbot, like other social robots, is not intended to replace workers, but
to work alongside other employees.(但与其他社交机器人一样，Oshbot机器人的目的不是取代工人，而是与
其他员工一起工作)”可推知，社会机器人可以和我们一起做事情。故选B。
9．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Whether in the home or the workplace, social robots are going to become a lot
more common in the next few years. Social robots are about to bring technology to the everyday world in a more
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂humanized way, said Cynthia Breazeal, chief scientist at the robot company Jibo.(未来几年，无论是在家里还是
在工作场所，社交机器人都将变得更加普遍。机器人公司Jibo的首席科学家辛西娅·布雷西亚说，社交机器
人将以一种更人性化的方式将科技带入日常世界)”结合文章主要介绍了社会机器人的功能与作用。可知，
文章主要介绍了社会机器人的功能与作用。故选D。
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂
