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选择性必修四 Unit 1
提分小卷
（考试时间：30分钟 试卷满分：60分）
一、词汇过关：本题共20个小题，每小题1分，共20分。
1. A number of painting in this castle were ________ (毁坏) in a fire in 2009. （根据汉语提示单词拼
写）
【答案】destroyed
【解析】
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：这座城堡里的许多画作在2009年的一场火灾中被毁。根据汉语提
示，可知为destroy，设空处在句中作谓语，和句子主语painting之间是被动关系，根据时间状语in
2009，可知为一般过去时的被动语态。故填destroyed。
2. It has been officially a ______ that a million new IT jobs will be created in the next 5 years. (根据首字
母单词拼写)
【答案】
announced##nnounced
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：据官方宣布，未来5年将创造100万个新的IT工作岗位。根据单词首字
母以及句意“宣布”，可知应填动词announce，作句子的谓语。结合上文It has been officially 可知，
此处现在完成时的被动语态。故填announced。
3. It has been ______（确认）that the World Internet Conference will take place next week. (根据汉语
提示单词拼写)
【答案】confirmed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：已确认世界互联网大会将于下周举行。根据has been可知，本句为现在
完成时的被动语态的基本结构，所以谓语动词该使用过去分词形式。结合汉语提示及句意，故填
confirmed。
4. He was deeply i______ by the success of his elder sister who had been admitted to a key university. (根
据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】impressed##mpressed
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：他姐姐的成功给他留下了深刻的印象，她被一所重点大学录取了。根据
单词首字母以及句意“留下深刻的印象”可知应填动词impress，与主语构成被动关系，结合上文
was可知为一般过去时的被动语态。故填impressed。
5. Due to the outbreak of Covid-19, they were p________ from travelling abroad. （根据首字母单词拼
写）
【答案】prohibited##prevented##rohibited##revented
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：因为新冠疫情的爆发，他们被禁止出国旅游。根据句子结构和意思可知，
这里需要表示“禁止”意思的动词，考查表示被动的意思，前面已经有were，所以用动词的过去分
词形式即可。故填prohibited/prevented。
6. I can see how much of my time had been o_____ with checking my phone. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】occupied##ccupied
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我可以看到我有多少时间被占用在查看我的手机。根据单词首字母以及
句意“占用”可知应填动词occupy，与主语构成被动关系，结合上文 had been可知为过去完成时
的被动语态。故填occupied。
7. The food was being ___________ (加工) in the workshop when the light was cut off. (根据汉语提示
单词拼写)
【答案】processed
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：食品正在车间加工中，突然灯灭了。分析句子结构及句意可知，
设空处需填入过去分词形式，与was being构成过去进行时的被动语态，结合汉语提示可知，
processed符合句意。故填processed。
8. He was r______ from school because he broke the school rule. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】removed##emoved
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：他因违反校规而被开除。根据句意“开除”以及“because he broke the
school rule. ”可知是动词remove，He 与之是被动关系，用的是一般过去时的被动语态，此处需要
填过去分词，故填removed。
9. The dress was well________(设计) by a famous designer. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂【答案】designed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：这件衣服是由一位著名设计师精心设计的。根据汉语提示“设计”可知，
应填动词design，作谓语，与主语构成被动关系，结合was可知，为一般过去时的被动语态。故填
designed。
10. The notice came around two in the afternoon that the meeting would be ________(推迟). (根据汉语
提示单词拼写)
【答案】postponed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：下午两点左右接到通知说会议将延期。根据汉语提示“推迟”可知应填
动词postpone，且与主语构成被动关系，表示从过去的某个时间来看，将要发生的动作，应用过去
将来时的被动语态。故填postponed。
11. Three Syria children were playing on the small village road when a bomb e________ in front of them,
which made them frightened. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】exploded##xploded
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：三个叙利亚孩子正在小村庄的小路上玩耍，突然一枚炸弹在他们面前爆
炸，这让他们很害怕。根据句意和首字母提示可知，此处使用动词explode，根据主句时态，可知
该处用一般过去时，描述发生在过去的事情。故填exploded。
12. More than half of the Cantonese were deeply ____________ (留下印象) by the excellent
performances of Chinese athletes in the Asian Games. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】impressed
【详解】考查动词。句意：超过半数的广东人对中国运动员在亚运会上的出色表现印象深刻。be
impressed by对……印象深刻。根据汉语提示及句意，故填impressed。
13. With the rapid p____________ (步伐) of modern life, it is increasingly difficult to calm down. (根据
中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】pace
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：随着现代生活的快节奏，人们越来越难以平静下来。空处应填名词作宾
语，结合中英文提示可知，pace步伐，此处用作不可数名词，故填pace。
14. Zhangjiajie was ______ (授予) the title of “World Geological Park” in 2004. (根据汉语提示单词拼
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂写)
【答案】awarded
【解析】
【详解】考查语态。句意：2004年，张家界被授予“世界地质公园”称号。根据句意以及汉语提示，
空处应用动词award，表示“授予”，与主语Zhangjiajie之间是被动关系，空前已经出现was，空
处应用动词的过去分词形式，构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填awarded。
15. My younger sister was ________ (认出) by the policeman in the distance. （根据汉语提示单词拼
写）
【答案】recognized##recognised
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我妹妹被远处的警察认出来了。根据汉语提示“认出”为recognize/
recognise，又结合句意“被认出”为动词的被动语态，结构为be done。故填recognized /
recognised。
16. Unwilling to accept the terms put forward by the U. S government, Iraq ______ (宣布) war on the
American army. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】declared
【详解】考查动词。句意：由于不愿意接受美国政府提出的条件，伊拉克向美国军队宣战。declare
war on对……宣战。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。根据汉语提示及句意，故填declared。
17. Michael Jordan, a great basketball player, is often________ (提及) to as “Air Jordan”. （根据汉语提
示单词拼写）
【答案】referred
【解析】
【详解】考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：迈克尔·乔丹，一位伟大的篮球运动员，经常被称为
“飞人乔丹”。表示“提及”用动词refer，refer to…as…“把……称作……”，且和句子主语
Michael Jordan之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故答案为referred。
18. Snow was p________ (堆积) up against our door. We had to sweep it first. （根据中英文提示填
空）
【答案】piled##iled
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：雪堆积在我们的门前。我们得先打扫一下。结合汉语和首字母提示可知，
动词pile“堆”符合题意；主语snow和pile之间为被动关系，此处应用其过去分词形式和was构成
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂一般过去时的被动语态。故填piled。
19. Cars were s________（横扫）away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake. （根据中英文
提示填空）
【答案】swept##wept
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：汽车被强烈地震引起的巨浪卷走了。卷走为“ sweep away”，与主语
cars为被动关系。故填swept。
20. Most of her clothes had been ________ (撕碎) to pieces. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】torn
【解析】
【详解】考查语态。句意：她的大部分衣服都被撕碎了。根据中文提示可知，表示衣服被撕碎应用
tear,主语与谓语为被动关系可，所以本句为过去完成时的被动语态。故填torn。
二、课文改编语法填空：本题共10个小题，每小题2分，共20分。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Spending a bunch of time hanging around the streets, you might be faced with one common problem
____21____ everyone experiences at least once, finding a toilet!
By day, we can find a solution, like using restaurant toilets or even turning ____22____ the local
shops for help in emergency situations, if there is no public toilet around. However, especially after
midnight, people may have to embarrass ____23____ (they) by urinating (小便) on street corners with
the absence of an ____24____ (access) bathroom. In the morning, it is easy to see that shop owners are
left ____25____ (clean) the front of their stores, suffering from smelly smell.
You might even have dreamed about a toilet, appearing over in the corner suddenly, exactly like the
pop-up toilet Urilift does. The Urilift can solve this problem for all ____26____ (gender). It is recessed
(嵌入式的), so men can step into the structure ____27____ (get) some privacy. Urilady is a single room
for the ladies. During the day, all ____28____ (lower) below street level for a nice and clean look. When it
becomes night, ____29____ operator comes by with a remote and the facilities hydraulically (通过水压)
lift to sidewalk level in about two minutes. Sounds magical? Plus, a self-cleaning technology is another
feature. ____30____ (undoubted), finding a free toilet which rises from the ground is a pretty great option
for any kind of emergency bathroom needs.
【答案】
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂21. which##that
22. to 23. themselves
24. accessible
25. cleaning
26. genders
27. to get 28. are lowered
29. an 30. Undoubtedly
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章通过生活中人们在街道上遇到要上厕所的尴尬情况，介绍了一
种可以在夜间使用的新型的卫生间。
【详解】1.考查定语从句。句意：在街上闲逛一段时间，你可能会遇到一个每个人都至少经历
过一次的共同问题，找厕所！分析可知，空白及之后的内容为定语从句，先行词为problem，在从
句中作experience的宾语，所以用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。
2.考查固定短语。句意：白天我们可以找到解决办法，比如使用餐馆的厕所，或者在紧急情况下，
如果附近没有公共厕所，甚至可以向当地的商店寻求帮助。短语： turn to sb./sth. for help“向某
人/某物求助”，此处指我们可以向当地的商店寻求帮助，故填to。
3.考查反身代词。句意：然而，特别是在午夜之后，人们可能不得不在没有无障碍卫生间的街角小
便，这让自己很难堪。分析可知，句子主语people，此处指在街角小便人们自己感到很难堪。当宾
语和主语一致时，宾语要用反身代词，所以此处用themselves，故填themselves。
4.考查形容词。句意同上。修饰名词用形容词，bathroom“卫生间”为名词，所以空白处用形容词
accessible，故填accessible。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意：早上，很容易看到店主一直在打扫他们店铺的前面，忍受着难闻的气味。
分析可知，这里指晚上小便的人离开后，早上店主只能清理这些污秽的东西，空白处表示店主留下
来，伴随的动作时清理，所以填现在分词作补语。故填cleaning。
6.考查名词复数。句意：Urilift可以解决所有性别的问题。gender为可数名词，结合设空前all可知，
此处应用复数含义。故填genders。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意：这是凹进去的，这样男人们可以进入建筑物，获得一些私人空间。分析
可知，空白及之后的内容为男性进入其中之后的目的，所以空处要用不定式。故填to get。
8.考查时态和语态。句意：白天，所有的都低于街道的高度，以便看起来干净整洁。根据本句描述
的内容，这是介绍这种嵌入式卫生间的特点，所以时态用一般现在时。主语all为复数含义，与动
词lower为动宾关系，所以填are lowered。故填are lowered。
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂9.考查冠词。句意：当夜幕降临时，操作员带着遥控器和设备在两分钟内液压升降到人行道上。
operator“操作员”为可数名词，且首个因素为元音因素，结合句中comes可知，此处泛指任何一
个操作员，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
10.考查副词。句意：毫无疑问，找一个从地面升起的免费厕所，对于任何紧急情况下的厕所来说，
都是一个不错的选择。空白处在句中为状语，修饰整个句子，所以用副词，因处于句首，所以首字
母大写。故填Undoubtedly。
三、阅读理解：本题共8个小题，每小题2.5分，共20分。
A篇
Scientists have created the first lab-grown coffee, which they say “smells and tastes like the real
thing”. The Finland-based researchers used a process called cellular agriculture, which includes taking out
cells from a small plant or animal sample (样本). In the latest example of lab-grown options, cell samples
were taken from Arabica, a popular coffee plant that makes up 56 per cent of global production. With lab-
grown coffee, the researchers say that they can deal with problems facing the global coffee industry, such as
a need for clearing space for coffee plants to keep up with an increasing need for the drink worldwide.
The research is being conducted at VTT Technical Research Centre based in Espoo, Finland—the
country that drinks the most coffee per person. “The process uses real coffee plant cells,” Dr. Heiko
Rischer, head of plant biotechnology at Finland’s VTT research center, said. “At first, a cell culture (细胞培
养) is started from a plant part, for example, a leaf. The formed cells reproduced on a specific nutrient
medium. In the end, the cells are transported to a bioreactor from which the biomass (生物量) is then
harvested. The cells are dried and roasted then coffee can be brewed.”
The first collection produced by VTT in their laboratory smells and tastes like traditional coffee,
according to the results of a “sensory analysis (感官分析)”. After drinking a cup, Dr. Rischer said, “There
is a surprisingly full smell. In terms of smell and taste, our trained sensory judgement and analytical
examination has found the coffee bears similarity to ordinary coffee,” he said. “The experience of drinking
the very first cup was exciting. ”
The idea that coffee cells could be used to make coffee was presented back in 1974 by plant scientist
P. M. Townsley. But the VTT scientists have put the theory into practice with their lab-grown brew, which
they think could hit the market by 2025.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂22. What might be one of the causes of creating lab-grown coffee?
A. There exists an increasing demand market of coffee.
B. People in Finland drink the most amount of coffee.
C. Dr. Heiko has been devoted to genetically engineering.
D. The idea is based on a theory proving to be practical.
23. What does the underline word “brewed” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Collected. B. Designed. C. Produced. D. Measured.
24. What can be inferred according to Dr. Rischer?
A. Lab-grown coffee are all made from leaves.
B. Lab-grown coffee can satisfy the taste of most people.
C. Lab-grown coffee makes people who drink it more excited.
D. Lab-grown coffee tastes and smells better than ordinary coffee.
25. What is the main purpose of this article?
A. To praise scientists sticking with creation. B. To present a research on man-made coffee.
C. To introduce a new kind of Arabica coffee. D. To solve coffee shortage troubling people.
【答案】22. A 23. C 24. B 25. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了科学家们已经培育出了第一种实验室培育的咖啡，他们称这
种咖啡“闻起来和尝起来都像真的咖啡”。文章介绍了这种咖啡的生产过程以及人们对它的看法。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“With lab-grown coffee, the researchers say that they can deal with
problems facing the global coffee industry, such as a need for clearing space for coffee plants to keep up
with an increasing need for the drink worldwide.(研究人员表示，通过实验室培育的咖啡，他们可以解
决全球咖啡产业面临的诸多问题，比如为满足全球对这种饮料日益增长的需求，需要为种植咖啡树
腾出空间)”可知，实验室培育咖啡的原因之一是咖啡的需求市场在不断增长。故选A。
【23题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“The cells are dried and roasted then coffee can be”以及第三段中
“The first collection produced by VTT in their laboratory smells and tastes like traditional coffee,
according to the results of a “sensory analysis”.”可知，根据“感官分析”的结果，VTT在他们的实验
室中生产的第一批咖啡闻起来和尝起来都像传统咖啡，可见这些细胞被烘干，然后就产生了咖啡。
故画线词意思是“产生”。A. Collected.收集；B. Designed.设计；C. Produced.产生；D. Measured.测
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂量。故选C。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“There is a surprisingly full smell. In terms of smell and taste, our
trained sensory judgement and analytical examination has found the coffee bears similarity to ordinary
coffee(有一种令人惊讶的饱满的味道。在嗅觉和味觉方面，我们经过训练的感官判断和分析检验发
现，这种咖啡与普通咖啡有相似之处)”可推知，实验室培育的咖啡可以满足大多数人的口味。故
选B。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Scientists have created the first lab-grown coffee, which they say “smells
and tastes like the real thing”. (科学家们已经培育出了第一种实验室培育的咖啡，他们称这种咖啡
“闻起来和尝起来都像真的咖啡”)”结合文章还介绍了这种咖啡的生产过程以及人们对它的看法。
可推知，本文的主要目的是介绍一项关于人造咖啡的研究。故选B。
B篇
A new University College London-led study finds that staring at a deep red light for three minutes a
day can greatly improve declining (下降) eyesight.
Scientists believe the discovery, published in the Journal of Gerontology, could signal the dawn of
new affordable home-based eye therapies (治疗) helping millions of people globally with naturally
declining vision.
Doctors say a three-minute daily does of the special red light for two weeks could help improve age-
related vision problems. However, they say not any red light will help improve eyesight. The lead author,
Professor Glen Jeffery said, "I strongly suggest that people should not just go and buy a red light online.
They have to produce the right wavelength. We are looking for a commercial partner to do this and to price
them at $20 to $25."
The study was carried out by a team from University College London. Researchers conducted tests on
24 men and women aged between 28 and 72. They said some cells that could help us process light had
become worse in the older people. Doctors say the red light improved the ability of these people to detect
different colors, particularly blue. The vision of these older people improved by as much as 22 percent,
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂Jeffrey said, "Populations are ageing rapidly and this is going to be a major issue in the future. We need to
get ready for this." He added, "If you can't see clearly, you can't read or watch TV. You also tend to fall
down and break bones. Our lights are a step in this direction."
26. What is the function of Paragraph1?
A. To lead to the main topic. B. To discuss the study.
C. To introduce a university. D. To give some advice.
27. What can we infer from Paragraph 3?
A. Red light only lasts three minutes.
B. The red light with the right wavelength can be helpful.
C. Everyone needs to buy a red light online.
D. Doctors need partners to sell red lights.
28. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A. The problem of populations. B. The process and results of the study.
C. The vision of the old people. D. The usage of different colors.
29. Where does the passage most probably come from?
A. A medical magazine. B. A story book.
C. A book review. D. A history book.
【答案】
26. A 27. B 28. B 29. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了一项新的研究发现，每天盯着深红色的灯看三分钟可以大大
改善视力下降，这一发现将会受益于人类。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“A new University College London-led study finds that staring at a deep red
light for three minutes a day can greatly improve declining eyesight.”（伦敦大学学院领导的一项新的
研究发现，每天盯着深红色的灯看三分钟可以大大改善视力下降。）可知，文章主要讲述了一项新
的研究发现，所以第一段的作用就是引出话题。故选A项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Doctors say a three-minute daily does of the special red light for two
weeks could help improve age-related vision problems. ”（医生说，每天三分钟的特殊红灯持续两周
可以帮助改善和年龄有关的视力问题。）以及第三段第二行“The lead author, Professor Glen Jeffery
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂said, "I strongly suggest that people should not just go and buy a red light online. They have to produce the
right wavelength. …””（主要作者格伦·杰弗里教授说：“我强烈建议人们不应该仅仅在网上购买
红灯。它们必须产生正确的波长……”）可知，波长合适的红光可能会有帮助。故选B项。
【28题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The study was carried out by a team from University College London.
Researchers conducted tests on 24 men and women aged between 28 and 72. They said some cells that
could help us process light had become worse in the older people. Doctors say the red light improved the
ability of these people to detect different colors, particularly blue. The vision of these older people
improved by as much as 22 percent, Jeffrey said, "Populations are ageing rapidly and this is going to be a
major issue in the future. We need to get ready for this." He added, "If you can't see clearly, you can't read
or watch TV. You also tend to fall down and break bones. Our lights are a step in this direction."”（这项
研究是由伦敦大学学院的一个团队进行的。研究人员对24名年龄在28岁至72岁之间的男性和女性
进行了测试。他们说，一些可以帮助我们处理光线的细胞在老年人中变得更糟。医生说，红光提高
了这些人检测不同颜色的能力，尤其是蓝色。杰弗里说，这些老年人的视力提高了22%，“人口正
在迅速老龄化，这将是未来的一个重大问题。我们需要为此做好准备。”他补充道：“如果你看不
清楚，你就不能阅读或看电视。你也会摔倒，骨折。我们的灯光就是朝这个方向迈出的一步。”）
可知，最后一段主要讲研究的过程和结果。故选B项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。文章主要讲述了一项新的研究发现，每天盯着深红色的灯看三分钟可以大大改善视力，
这一发现将会受益于人类。所以这是关于医学方面的文章，可能来自于医学杂志。故选A项。
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