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选择性必修四 Unit 3
选拔卷
（考试时间：75分钟 试卷满分：100分）
第一部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
We all have a favorite independent pet shop, where we always pick up the tastiest treats and best dog
toys. And now, it’s time to celebrate these small shops! This year, Beco, the UK’s leading pet brand, is
launching the Independent Pet Shop Awards to champion the brilliant people who work tirelessly managing
the independent pet shops we love.
Procedure:
Register at TeamDogs and answer a question. Beco will ask people to nominate (提名) their favorite
independent pet shops. Judges will visit the nominees before crowning (为……加冕) one of them the UK’s
Favorite Independent Pet Shop. To award the participants, Beco is giving away a dog hamper (盒装食物)
worth £150 to five lucky winners at TeamDogs.
George Bramble, Beco’s co-founder, says, “Britain is a nation of pet lovers, and this has never been
more obvious over the past year. We have relied on local pet shops for all our pet care needs, and now
we’re calling on people throughout Britain to thank these champions by nominating their favorites and
encouraging people to support their local pet shops.”
The COVID-19 made everyone on the high street tough, but with 3.2 million people becoming new
pet owners last year, pet shops have been working harder than ever before with home deliveries,
community support and advice given on nutrition or pet care.
Tips:
Nominations are now open on www.becopets.com and will close on June 6th. The final winner will be
announced in July.
1. What is the purpose of the Independent Pet Shop Awards?
A. To share the profit of some pet shops.
B. To inform people of a famous pet brand.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂C. To promote the business of some pet shops.
D. To honor some hardworking pet shop owners.
2. What will be awarded to those five lucky winners?
A. A prize of £150. B. A free pet care.
C. A pet dog. D. A dog hamper.
3. Where can we check the information about the nominations?
A. On the television. B. In the newspaper.
C. On the Internet. D. On the radio.
【答案】
1. D 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。英国领先的宠物品牌推出了独立宠物店奖，以表彰那些孜孜不倦地管
理我们喜爱的独立宠物店的杰出人士，本文主要介绍了独立宠物店奖的目的及报名流程等相关信息。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“This year, Beco, the UK’s leading pet brand, is launching the
Independent Pet Shop Awards to champion the brilliant people who work tirelessly managing the
independent pet shops we love.（今年，英国领先的宠物品牌Beco推出了独立宠物店奖，以表彰那些
孜孜不倦地管理我们喜爱的独立宠物店的杰出人士）”可知设立独立宠物店奖的目的是为了表彰一
些努力工作的宠物店老板。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“To award the participants, Beco is giving away a dog hamper (盒装食
物) worth £150 to five lucky winners at TeamDogs.（为了奖励参赛者，Beco将在狗队比赛中向5名幸
运的获胜者赠送价值150美元的狗篮）”可知这五位幸运的获胜者将获得一个狗食篮。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Nominations are now open on www.becopets.com and will close on
June 6th. The final winner will be announced in July.（提名现在在www.becopets.com上公开，将于6
月6日截止。最终获胜者将于7月宣布）”可知我们可以在网上查看提名的信息。故选C。
B
Published in 1859, Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species made a number of brave claims about
the nature of evolution—including the suggestion that an animal species with greater diversity in its line
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂will produce more subspecies too. This assumption is not as obvious as you might think at first. And it was
finally found to be true for birds only a couple of years ago. Now, researchers from the University of
Cambridge in the UK have shown that Darwin was right on this point for mammals (哺乳动物), too.
Apart from being an important contribution to our understanding of evolution in general, the findings
could also be useful in ongoing conservation efforts—helping experts to figure out which species need to
be protected in order to ensure their survival.
“My research investigating the relationship between species and the variety of subspecies proves that
subspecies play a vital role in long term evolutionary dynamics and in future evolution of species,” says
biological anthropologist Laura van Holstein. There are three subspecies of northern giraffe, for example,
and 45 subspecies of the red fox—the highest in the animal kingdom. 36 different species of wild cats have
been found and most of these are further divided into subspecies. Human beings, on the other hand, don’t
have any subspecies.
To test Darwin’s assumption, van Holstein looked at a huge database of animal classifications,
analysing the collected knowledge we have about mammal species and subspecies to look for patterns. The
data showed that habitat (land versus sea, for example) plays an important role in subspecies’ form and
increase. The findings show that those living in the sea, or spending a lot of time in the air are less affected
by physical boundaries like mountains.
The discoveries on subspecies habitat are particularly significant when it comes to conservation,
because the habitats of so many animals are under threat from climate change and human activity, and these
findings indicate that our actions are really having an effect on the process of evolution.
4. What is the main idea of the first paragraph?
A. Charles Darwin’s claims have been proved recently.
B. Charles Darwin published On the Origin of Species.
C. Charles Darwin’s assumption was right for any animal.
D. Charles Darwin set up the foundation of evolution theory.
5. What can we infer from Laura van Holstein’s research?
A. Humans will evolve faster.
B. Northern giraffe’s evolution is less active.
C. The red fox needs immediate protection.
D. Wild cats’ subspecies are countless.
6. Which of the following animals’ subspecies may be less affected?
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂A. Dogs. B. Sharks. C. Monkeys. D. Snakes.
7. Why are the discoveries on subspecies habitat important?
A. Because they help solve the threat of climate change.
B. Because they show human activity is bad for evolution.
C. Because they tell the importance of conservation of habitats.
D. Because they prove evolution is damaged by human actions.
【答案】
4. A 5. B 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，亚种在物种未来进化中起着至关重
要的作用，这一发现也告诉我们保护栖息地的重要性。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段关键句“This assumption is not as obvious as you might think at first. And it
was finally found to be true for birds only a couple of years ago. Now, researchers from the University of
Cambridge in the UK have shown that Darwin was right on this point for mammals (哺乳动物), too.”
（这个假设并不像你一开始想象的那么明显。几年前，人们终于发现鸟类正是如此。现在，来自英
国剑桥大学的研究人员已经表明，达尔文的主张在哺乳动物身上也是正确的。）可知，文章第一段
内容主要告诉我们英国剑桥大学的研究人员已经表明，查尔斯·达尔文在《物种起源》一书中的声
明被证明在哺乳动物身上也是正确的，由此可知，第一段的主要内容是查尔斯·达尔文的声明最近
得到了证实。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段关键句““My research investigating the relationship between species and the
variety of subspecies proves that subspecies play a vital role in long term evolutionary dynamics and in
future evolution of species,” says biological anthropologist Laura van Holstein.”（生物人类学家劳拉·
范·霍尔斯坦说：“我对物种和亚种多样性之间关系的研究证明，亚种在长期进化动力学和物种未
来进化中起着至关重要的作用。”）可知，劳拉·范·霍尔斯坦的研究证明亚种在物种未来进化中
起着至关重要的作用，也就是说，亚种数量越多，证明物种的进化越活跃；再结合第三段关键句
“There are three subspecies of northern giraffe, for example, and 45 subspecies of the red fox—the
highest in the animal kingdom. 36 different species of wild cats have been found and most of these are
further divided into subspecies. Human beings, on the other hand, don’t have any subspecies.”（例如，
北方长颈鹿有三个亚种，红狐有45个亚种，是动物界最高的。已发现36种不同种类的野猫，其中
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂大多数被进一步分为亚种。另一方面，人类没有任何亚种。）可知，与其他物种相比，北方长颈鹿
只有三个亚种，由此可知，它的进化并不活跃，综上所述，我们可以从劳拉·范·霍尔斯坦的研究
中推断出北方长颈鹿的进化不那么活跃。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段关键句“The data showed that habitat (land versus sea, for example) plays an
important role in subspecies’ form and increase. The findings show that those living in the sea, or spending
a lot of time in the air are less affected by physical boundaries like mountains.”（数据显示，栖息地
（例如陆地和海洋）在亚种的形成和增加中起着重要作用。研究结果表明，生活在海洋中或在空气
中花费大量时间的物种受物理边界（如山脉）的影响较小。）可知，生活在海洋中或在空气中花费
大量时间的物种受物理边界的影响较小，结合选项可知，只有鲨鱼是生活在海洋里的，由此可知，
鲨鱼的亚种受影响较小。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“The discoveries on subspecies habitat are particularly significant
when it comes to conservation, because the habitats of so many animals are under threat from climate
change and human activity, and these findings indicate that our actions are really having an effect on the
process of evolution.”（亚种栖息地的发现在对自然环境的保护方面尤其重要，因为许多动物的栖
息地都受到气候变化和人类活动的威胁，这些发现表明我们的行为确实对进化过程产生了影响。）
可知，亚种栖息地的发现在对自然环境的保护方面尤其重要，因为这些发现表明我们的行为确实对
进化过程产生了影响，让我们意识到保护栖息地的重要性，由此可知，亚种栖息地的发现很重要，
因为它们告诉我们保护栖息地的重要性。故选C项。
C
The fish eggs, all 200 of them, were settled and ready to go. The ground crew had counted the eggs
carefully, and sealed them tightly within a plate filled precisely to the edge with seawater.
The countdown, and then—ignition (点火)! For two full minutes, the precious eggs suffered a violent
shaking as the rocket’s engines exploded to life, and then rise to the heavens. These eggs were on their way
to low Earth orbit. Next stop: the moon.
Well, they haven’t actually left yet. But after a recent simulation (模拟) designed to re-create the
intense shaking of a typical takeoff, researchers in France found that the eggs survived. It’s a crucial
discovery in the progress of the Lunar Hatch, a program that aims to determine whether astronauts could
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂successfully raise fish on a future moon base.
Finally, Cyrille Przybyla, an aquaculture (水产养殖) researcher at the French Research Institute for
Exploitation of the Sea who led the research, dreams of designing a lunar fish farm that uses water already
on the moon to help feed residents of the future Moon Village set to be established by the European Space
Agency (ESA).
Przybyla’s hope is to offer lunar residents fresh, inviting, protein-rich fish—not just packets of freeze-
dried food. “I proposed the idea to send eggs, not fish, because eggs are very strong,” he says.
Besides, Przybyla suggests there will be other benefits for astronauts who may one day find
themselves raising animals in space. “From the psychological point of view, it’s better to have a reminder
of Earth–you have a garden; you have a tank with fish,” he says.
Designing self-contained and self-supporting systems for food production beyond Earth will be crucial
for future space exploration programs, says Luke Roberson, a researcher at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center
in Florida. And he says Przybyla’s study is “a great first step” toward showing that aquaculture is a
practical part of that future.
8. What is Paragraph 2 writing about?
A. An experience. B. An experiment.
C. An imagination. D. An adventure.
9. Why do the researchers want to send the eggs to the moon?
A. To offer eggs to astronauts as food.
B. To test whether the eggs are strong.
C. To promote aquaculture on the moon.
D. To see the possibility of raising fish on the moon.
10. What’s the psychological advantage of raising animals in space?
A. It can get rid of loneliness.
B. It diversifies the space food.
C. It gives astronauts something to do.
D. It helps astronauts remember the Earth.
11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. How to Send Eggs to The Moon
B. A Great First Step towards Future
C. The Plan to Raise Fish on The Moon
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂D. A Practical Approach to Aquaculture
【答案】
8. B 9. D 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是太空养鱼计划。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The countdown, and then—ignition (点火)! For two full minutes, the
precious eggs suffered a violent shaking as the rocket’s engines exploded to life, and then rise to the
heavens. These eggs were on their way to low Earth orbit. Next stop: the moon.（倒计时，然后点火！在
整整两分钟的时间里，当火箭发动机爆炸并升空时，这些珍贵的鸡蛋遭受了剧烈的震动。这些卵正
在前往低地球轨道的途中。下一站：月亮）”和第三段的“Well, they haven’t actually left yet.But
after a recent simulation (模拟) designed to re-create the intense shaking of a typical takeoff, researchers
in France found that the eggs survived. （但在最近一次旨在重现典型起飞时剧烈震动的模拟之后，法
国的研究人员发现鱼卵存活了下来）”可知第二段介绍的一次送鱼卵到太空的实验。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The countdown, and then—ignition (点火)! For two full minutes, the
precious eggs suffered a violent shaking as the rocket’s engines exploded to life, and then rise to the
heavens. These eggs were on their way to low Earth orbit. Next stop: the moon.（倒计时，然后点火!在
整整两分钟的时间里，随着火箭引擎的爆炸，这些珍贵的鸡蛋遭受了剧烈的摇晃，然后升向天空。
这些鸡蛋正在飞往近地轨道的途中。下一站:月球）”第三段“It’s a crucial discovery in the progress
of the Lunar Hatch, a program that aims to determine whether astronauts could successfully raise fish on a
future moon base.（ 这是月球孵化计划进展中的一个重要发现，该计划旨在确定宇航员能否在未来
的月球基地成功养鱼）”对第二段进总结。可知研究人员想把这些卵送到月球上，看看在月球上养
鱼的可能性。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“From the psychological point of view, it’s better to have a reminder
of Earth–you have a garden; you have a tank with fish,” he says.（‘从心理学的角度来看，最好有一个
地球的提醒物——你有一个花园；有一缸鱼，’他说）”可知，在太空中饲养动物的心理优势在于，
它能帮助宇航员记住地球。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章主题段第三段“It’s a crucial discovery in the progress of the Lunar Hatch, a
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂program that aims to determine whether astronauts could successfully raise fish on a future moon base.
（这是月球孵化计划进展中的一个重要发现，该计划旨在确定宇航员能否在未来的月球基地成功养
鱼）”以及后文讲到在太空养鱼的好处及意义。可知文章主要讲解的是太空的养鱼的计划。故选
C。
D
A shark attacked a 14-year-old girl near a Florida beach on Saturday, though a surfer tried to save her.
The surfer pulled the girl from bloody water and frightened the shark away with his fists（拳头）.
Can sharks really smell blood in the water? Yes. Sharks have a good sense of smell, and blood happens
to be a very attractive smell. Sharks also use sight and hearing to discover their food. In particular, hungry
sharks like to hear the sounds which are made by swimming fish. They also look for something bright.
Attacks on people can sometimes be a case of mistaken recognition. Sometimes, a shark could confuse
shining stones for food.
The sharks’ eyes, ears, and nose are all near their mouth. But sharks also search for their food with
sensory receptors（感受器）. These receptors can feel any movement in the water. When a shark gets very
close to a food, it can use electroreceptive organs（电觉器官）, which sit the wall of little holes on the
shark’s nose. Living things in salty seawater produce a weak electrical field（电磁场）that the shark can
feel at a short distance, so it allows the shark to find out creatures that bury themselves in the sea floor.
Muscle（肌肉）movements also produce little electrical fields that a shark can feel.
The surfer who tried to save the girl said he protected himself by frightening away the shark with his
fists. Is that a good idea? Some experts think frightening away a shark with fists should only be the last
choice. It won’t be wise for you to stay still in water. Swimming away rapidly seems to be a better choice.
If you can’t swim away right away, hit the shark on the face or nose—where it has a high concentration of
sensory receptors like humans—to drive off your attacker and give you enough time to escape. When you
are beside a shark’s face, try sticking your finger in its eyes.
12. Which of the following helps sharks search for food?
A. Swimming quietly. B. A special kind of blood.
C. Working as a team. D. A good sense of smell.
13. What can we infer from paragraph 3?
A. Sharks can feel movements from other creatures in seawater.
B. Sharks use sensory receptor more than smell to search for food.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂C. Sharks can’t feel weak muscle movements from other creatures.
D. Sharks can’t find and attack creatures hiding in the sea floor.
14. What are we advised to do when we are attacked by a shark?
A. Shout loudly and frighten it away. B. Get away from it immediately.
C. Touch the shark’s face gently. D. Stay still to pretend to be dead.
15. Which section of a website is the text most probably taken from?
A. Environment. B. Sport. C. Science. D. Health.
【答案】
12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了鲨鱼是如何寻找食物和遇到鲨鱼攻击人时应如何应对。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Can sharks really smell blood in the water? Yes. Sharks have a good
sense of smell, and blood happens to be a very attractive smell. （鲨鱼真的能闻到水里的血吗?是的。鲨
鱼的嗅觉很灵敏，而血的气味非常吸引人。）”可知，良好的嗅觉帮助鲨鱼寻找食物。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Living things in salty seawater produce a weak electrical field (电磁
场)that the shark can feel at a short distance, so it allows the shark to find out creatures that bury
themselves in the sea floor. （海水中的生物会产生一种微弱的电场，鲨鱼在很短的距离内就能感觉
到，所以它能让鲨鱼发现埋在海底的生物。）”可推断，鲨鱼能感觉到海水中其他生物的运动。故
选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Some experts think frightening away a shark with fists should only be
the last choice. It won’t be wise for you to stay still in water. Swimming away rapidly seems to be a better
choice. （一些专家认为，用拳头吓走鲨鱼应该是最后的选择。你呆在水里不动是不明智的。迅速
游开似乎是一个更好的选择。）”可知，当我们被鲨鱼攻击时，我们应该立即远离它。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了鲨鱼是如何寻找食物和遇到鲨鱼攻击人时应如何
应对，所以是一篇科普说明文。从而推断，本文最可能来自网站的科学部分。故选C。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为
多余选项。
The sound coming from Taronga Zoo Sydney in Australia may sound like the cries of a human baby.
____16____ It’s just a brown, long-tailed bird named Echo that has learned how to mimic (模仿) the cries
of human babies.
The zoo said, “Our Eeho has the amazing ability to replicate (复制) a variety of calls— including a
baby’s cry.” Echo is a superb lyrebird (琴鸟), an Australian bird named for the shape of its tail.
____17____. It’s a U-shaped stringed instrument that was popular in ancient Greece.
____18____ They can copy just about any sound in their immediate surroundings, including those
from car engines, as well as animal sounds, such as dog barks and bird calls.
Seven-year-old Echo can mimic the sound of a fire alarm and the “leave immediately” announcement
at the goo, Leanne Golebiowski, a bird expert at Taronga Zoo Sydney said. About a year ago, Echo started
practising baby cries, she said. But it’s not clear how he perfected the calls, as the zoo is closed to visitors
because of COVID-19 lockdowns in Sydney. Glebiowski said, “I can only guess that he picked it up from
our guests. ____19____ But this concerns me, as I thought the zoo was a happy place for families to
visit!”
Male lyrebirds use their mimicking talents mainly for mating. During their breeding season, male
lyrebirds can be heard singing for up to 4 hours a day. Their songs consist of a lot of different bird calls that
they have picked up from their surroundings. ____20____
A. However, don’t be alarmed.
B. The female should stay with him.
C. Lyrebirds are experts at mimicking.
D. Female lyrebirds also mimic sounds for other reasons.
E. The tail looks like an instrument known as a lyre.
F. Obviously he has been working on his craft during lockdown.
G. But sometimes their mating songs incorporate (包含) other nonbird sounds.
【答案】
16. A 17. E 18. C 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。澳大利亚悉尼塔龙加动物园的一种名为Echo的棕色长尾鸟可以模仿
许多外界的声音，例如人类婴儿的哭声等等。
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂【16题详解】
根据上文“The sound coming from Taronga Zoo Sydney in Australia may sound like the cries of a human
baby. (来自澳大利亚悉尼塔朗加动物园的声音可能听起来像人类婴儿的哭声。)”和下文“It’s just a
brown, long-tailed bird named Echo that has learned how to mimic (模仿) the cries of human babies.(这只
是一只名叫Echo的棕色长尾鸟，它学会了如何模仿人类婴儿的哭声。)”可知，空处和下文形成转
折关系，说明不要因为哭声感到惊慌。上一句的“the cries of a human baby”和A项的“don’t be
alarmed”相对应。A项：However, don’t be alarmed.(然而，不要惊慌。)符合语境。故选A。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Echo is a superb lyrebird (琴鸟), an Australian bird named for the shape of its tail.(Echo是一种
极好的竖琴鸟，一种澳大利亚的鸟，因其尾巴的形状而得名。)”和下文“It’s a U-shaped stringed
instrument that was popular in ancient Greece.(它是一种U形的弦乐器，在古希腊很流行。)”可知，此
处讲述的是琴鸟尾巴的形状，E项中的“The tail ”和上文中的“its tail”，E项中的“an instrument ”和下
文的“a U-shaped stringed instrument ”对应。E项：The tail looks like an instrument known as a lyre.(尾
巴看起来像一种叫做七弦琴的乐器。)符合语境。故选E。
【18题详解】
空处为段落主题句。根据下文“They can copy just about any sound in their immediate surroundings,
including those from car engines, as well as animal sounds, such as dog barks and bird calls.(它们几乎可
以复制周围环境中的任何声音，包括汽车引擎的声音，以及动物的声音，如狗叫和鸟叫。)”可知，
本段主要说明琴鸟很擅长模仿声音。C项：Lyrebirds are experts at mimicking.(琴鸟是模仿的专家。)
符合语境。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据上文“But it’s not clear how he perfected the calls, as the zoo is closed to visitors because of
COVID-19 lockdowns in Sydney. Glebiowski said, “I can only guess that he picked it up from our guests.
(但尚不清楚他是如何完善这些呼叫的，因为由于悉尼的新冠疫情封锁，动物园对游客关闭。格莱
博夫斯基说:“我只能猜测，他是从我们的客人那里得到的。)”可知，此处表示Echo在禁闭期间练
习发音。F项中的“during lockdown ”和上文的“COVID-19 lockdowns ”对应。F项：Obviously
he has been working on his craft during lockdown.(显然他在禁闭期间一直在练他的手艺。)符合语境。
故选F。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Male lyrebirds use their mimicking talents mainly for mating.(雄性琴鸟的模仿能力主要用于
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂交配。)”和“Their songs consist of a lot of different bird calls that they have picked up from their
surroundings.(它们的歌声包含了很多不同的叫声，这些叫声是它们从周围环境中听到的。)”可知，
此处表示求偶时会发出其他声音，G项中的“other nonbird sounds ”与上文“consist of a lot of
different bird calls”对应。G项：But sometimes their mating songs incorporate other nonbird sounds.(但
有时它们求偶时发出的声音会夹杂其他非鸟的声音。)符合语境。故选G。
第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选
项。
In 1957, Jane Goodall first met the famous anthropologist (人类学者) Dr Louis Leakey, who later
played an important role in her life. With the___17___of gaining insight into humans’ evolutionary (进化
的) past, Dr. Leakey ____18____ a pioneering long-term field study on ____19____chimps. Even though
Jane had no formal___20___, her patience and determination to understand animals___21___him to choose
her for the study.___22___it was unusual for a
woman to work in the forest of Africa, going there___23___the fulfillment (实现) of her childhood dream.
In the summer of 1960 she____24____ in Tanzania(坦桑尼亚) on Lake Tanganyika’s eastern shore. This
marked the___25___of the longest continuous field study of animals in their____26____habitat(栖息地).
Five years_____27_____, she earned a doctor’s degree at Cambridge University and then_____28_____to
Tanzania to found the Gombe Stream Research Center. And in 1977, to provide on-going_____29_____for
chimp research, Dr Goodall_____30_____the Jane Goodall Institute.
Today, she_____31_____most of her time traveling around the world, giving lectures on
her_____32_____at Gombe and speaking to school groups about Roots &Shoots, her environmental
education and humanitarian program for the_____33_____.
“Chimps have given me so____34____. The long hours spent with them in the_____35_____have
enriched my life beyond measure. What I have learned from them has shaped my_____36_____of human
behavior, of our place in nature.”
17. A. way B. idea C. knowledge D. method
18. A. suggested B. achieved C. argued D. changed
19. A. modest B. special C. rude D. wild
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂20. A. exercise B. training C. living D. practice
21. A. devoted B. let C. made D. led
22. A. If B. Because C. Although D. Once
23. A. meant B. stopped C. intended D. inspired
24. A. arrived B. left C. reached D. went
25. A. end B. beginning C. happening D. achievement
26. A. new B. old C. man-made D. natural
27. A. later B. before C. ago D. behind
28. A. connected B. referred C. returned D. turned
29. A. environment B. evidence C. time D. support
30. A. created B. built C. founded D. set
31. A. costs B. spends C. pays D. devotes
32. A. bravery B. presence C. experiences D. appearance
33. A. animals B. youth C. human D. adults
34. A. little B. many C. much D. few
35. A. field B. university C. institute D. forest
36. A. imagination B. desire C. understanding D. protection
【答案】
17. B 18. A 19. D 20. B 21. D 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. B 26. D 27.
A 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. D 36. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了著名的动物专家Jane Goodall深入非洲大森林研究黑猩猩的
情况。
【17题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了深入了解人类的进化史，Louis Leakey博士建议对野生黑猩猩进行
一项开拓性的长期野外研究。A. way方式；B. idea想法；C. knowledge知识；D. method方法。根
据下文中的“Dr. Leakey ____2____ a pioneering long-term field study ____3____ chimps”可知，
Louis Leakey博士提议进行对黑猩猩的研究，她的“想法”是深入了解人类的进化史。故选B。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了深入了解人类的进化史，Louis Leakey博士建议对野生黑猩猩进行
一项开拓性的长期野外研究。A. suggested建议；B. achieved实现；C. argued争论；D. changed改变。
结合下文中的“her patience and determination to understand animals ___5___ him to choose her for the
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂study”可知，Louis Leakey博士选择Jane Goodall去研究黑猩猩。由此推知，这项研究是Louis
Leakey博士“建议，提议”的。故选A。
【19题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了深入了解人类的进化史，Louis Leakey博士建议对野生黑猩猩进
行一项开拓性的长期野外研究。A. modest谦虚的；B. special特殊的；C. rude粗鲁的；D. wild野生
的。根据“long-term field study”可知，他们要进行的是长期的野外研究。由此推知，他们要研究
的是野生的黑猩猩。故选D。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管简没有接受过正式的训练，但她要了解黑猩猩的的耐心和决心使她
选择她作为研究对象。A. exercise锻炼，练习题；B. training训练，培训；C. living生计；D.
practice实践。结合空前的“formal(正式的)”和常识可知，研究黑猩猩要提前进行正式的“培训”。
故选B。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管简没有接受过正式的培训，但她要了解黑猩猩的的耐心和决心使他
选择她作为研究对象。A. devoted献身，奉献；B. let让；C. made使；D. led促使，使得，领导。简
理解动物的耐心和决心使他选择她作为研究对象。lead sb. to do sth.意为“使得某人做某事”。let
sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”。make sb. do sth.意为“使某人做某事”。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然妇女在非洲森林工作是不寻常的，但去那里意味着她童年梦想的实
现。A. If如果；B. Because因为；C. Although尽管；D. Once一旦。“it was unusual for a woman to
work in the forest of Africa(妇女在非洲森林工作是不寻常的)”和“going there the fulfillment of her
childhood dream(去那里意味着她童年梦想的实现)”之间是转折关系。所以该空应该引导让步状语
从句。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然妇女在非洲森林工作是不寻常的，但去那里意味着她童年梦想的实
现。A. meant意味着；B. stopped停止；C. intended打算；D. inspired鼓舞。根据下文“the
fulfillment (实现) of her childhood dream”可知，Jane Goodall童年的梦想是了解黑猩猩。所以去非
洲研究黑猩猩就“意味”着她可以实现自己的童年梦想了。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：1960年夏天，她抵达坦噶尼喀湖东岸的坦桑尼亚。A. arrived到达；B.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂left离开；C. reached到达；D. went去。结合上文中的“work in the forest of Africa, going there”下
文中的in their habitat可知，非洲的坦桑尼亚是黑猩猩的栖息地。由此可知，Jane Goodall应该先
“到达”其栖息地，才能开始研究工作。arrive是不及物动词，常和介词in或at连用，表示“到达
某地”。reach是及物动词，后面接名词作宾语。go是不及物动词，表示“去某地”，应该用go to
sp.。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这标志着对动物自然栖息地最长时间连续实地研究的开始。A. end末尾；
B. beginning开始；C. happening意外发生的事；D. achievement成就。结合下文中的“five years
_____”和“in 1977”可知，该部分是按时间顺序介绍Jane Goodall的活动的。因此，1960年是她
开始研究活动的时间。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这标志着对动物自然栖息地最长时间连续实地研究的开始。A. new新
的；B. old旧的；C. man-made人造的；D. natural自然的。结合前文中的“结合上文中的“work in
the forest of Africa, going there”和“in their habitat”可知，坦桑尼亚是黑猩猩的自然栖息地。故选
D。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：五年后，她在剑桥大学获得了博士学位，然后回到坦桑尼亚，成立了冈
贝河研究中心。A. later后来；B. before以前；C. ago以前，从前；D. behind在后面。结合上文中的
1960和下文中的1977可知，该部分按时间顺序叙述Jane Goodall的活动。由此可知，该空应该指
五年之后她在剑桥大学获得了博士学位。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：五年后，她在剑桥大学获得了博士学位，然后回到坦桑尼亚，成立了冈
贝河研究中心。A. connected联系；B. referred参考，查阅；C. returned返回；D. turned转动。结合
上文可知，1960年她去了塔桑尼亚，五年之后又在剑桥大学获得了博士学位，因此，该处指她从剑
桥“重返”塔桑尼亚。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：1977年，为了持续支持对黑猩猩的研究，古道尔博士成立了珍·古道尔
研究所。A. environment环境；B. evidence证据；C. time时间；D. support支持。根据“Dr Goodall
_____ the Jane Goodall Institute”可知，Jane Goodall成立了研究所。成立研究所当然是为了更好的
研究黑猩猩。因此，该处指“支持”黑猩猩的研究。故选D。
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：1977年，为了持续支持对黑猩猩的研究，古道尔博士成立了珍·古道尔
研究所。A. created创造；B. built建造；C. founded成立，建立；D. set设置。build常指建造实物，
如高楼大厦等。establish 多指创办机构，如学校医院等。研究所是一个机构，所以该处指Jane
Goodall博士成立了Jane Goodall研究所。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，她大部分时间都在环游世界，演讲她在冈贝的经历，并向学校团
体讲述她的环境教育和动物人道主义项目Roots &Shoots。A. costs花费；B. spends花费；C. pays支
付；D. devotes献身。cost指某物花费多少钱。spend常以人作主语，可指花钱或花费时间。常用句
式：spend time doing sth.。结合空后的“most of time traveling …”可知，该处应用spend。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，她大部分时间都在环游世界，演讲她在冈贝的经历，并向学校团
体讲述她的环境教育和动物人道主义项目Roots &Shoots。A. bravery勇敢；B. presence出席，存在；
C. experiences经历；D. appearance出现，露面。根据下文中的“and speaking to school groups about
Roots &Shoots, her environmental education and humanitarian program(向学校团体讲述她的环境教育
和动物人道主义项目Roots &Shoots)”可以推知，她做演讲，讲述的是这些年来的“经历”和项目。
故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，她大部分时间都在环游世界，演讲她在冈贝的经历，并向学校团
体讲述她的环境教育和动物人道主义项目Roots &Shoots。A. animals动物；B. youth青年，年轻人；
C. human人；D. adults成年人。结合前文中的“speaking to school groups”可知，她演讲针对的是
学校群体。学校里主要是学生，即：年轻人。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：黑猩猩给了我太多。A. little少；B. many很多的；C. much很多的；D.
few少数的，几乎没有。结合下文中的“The long hours spent with them in the have
enriched my life beyond measure. What I have learned from them has shaped my of
human behavior, of our place in nature”可知，Jane Goodall认为和黑猩猩一起在森林里度过的漫长时
光丰富了她的生活，她从它们身上学到的东西塑造了她对人类行为的理解，以及人类在大自然中的
位置。由此推知，她认为黑猩猩给了她很多。她从黑猩猩那里学到了很多。many代指名词复数。
much代指不可数名词。该处泛指大量的东西，应该用much。故选C。
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：和他们一起在森林里度过的漫长时光丰富了我的生活。A. field田野，
领域；B. university大学；C. institute研究所，学院；D. forest树林。根据第一段中的“in the forest
of Africa”可知，Jane Goodall研究的是生活在树林中的黑猩猩。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从他们身上学到的东西塑造了我对人类行为的理解，以及我们在大自
然中的位置。 A. imagination想象力；B. desire渴望；C. understanding了解；D. protection保护。结
合第一段中的“With the ___1___ of gaining insight into humans’ evolutionary (进化的) past”可以，
Jane Goodall参与对黑猩猩的研究，目的是深入了解人类的进化。因此，该处应该指通过和黑猩猩
的相处，Jane Goodall对人类的行为有了“了解”。故选C。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has announced the formal establishment of its first ten national parks. Giant Panda National
Park (GPNP) is one on the list. GPNP is located in Central China ____37____(spread) across Sichuan,
Shanxi and Gansu provinces. Once ____38____(complete), the new national park will include 67 existing
panda reserves. Quite contrary ____39____ a common belief that pandas were well protected, only 5
panda reserves ____40____(set) up by the end of 2021.
The giant panda is a famous symbol of China and one of the most adorable____41____(create) across
the globe. The park has a population of around 1,864 giant pandas, ____42____ accounts for 80% of the
Chinese giant panda population.
Connecting these reserves and establishing protected areas between the different areas will allow
pandas to travel between the areas and ____43____(hope) crossbreed (杂交) and strengthen the panda
population. This is a focused effort to help the animals to reproduce.
The combination of these panda reserves is an enthusiastic commitment by the Chinese government to
protect these ____44____(except) animals. The good news is that there is evidence ____45____ the
population appears to be growing. The International Union for Conservation of Nature has upgraded the
species from endangered to threatened. _____46_____ this positive improvement, there is still a lot the
world needs to do to help secure the survival of this precious species.
【答案】
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂37. spreading 38. completed 39. to 40. had been set 41. creatures
42. which 43. hopefully 44. exceptional 45. that 46. Despite
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国最近宣布正式建立首批5个国家公园，大熊猫
国家公园（GPNP）就是其中之一，介绍了建立大熊猫保护区的重要性和作用。
【37题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：GPNP位于中国中部，分布在四川、山西和甘肃省。本句已有谓语动词
locate且无连词，动词spread用非谓语形式，逻辑主语GPNP与动词spread是主谓关系，用现在分
词表主动，作状语。故填spreading。
【38题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：一旦建成，新的国家公园将包括67个现有的熊猫保护区。本句为条件
状语从句的省略，从句主语是the new national park与从句谓语动词complete是被动关系，从句谓语
用be done形式，从句主语the new national park与主句主语the new national park一致且从句含有be
动词，常省略从句的主语和be动词。故填completed。
【39题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：与普遍认为熊猫受到良好保护的观点相反，到2021年底为止，只有5
个熊猫保护区成立。固定搭配contrary to…(与……相反)。故填to。
【40题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：与普遍认为熊猫受到良好保护的观点相反，到2021年底为止，只有5
个熊猫保护区成立。by the end of +过去时间，句子时态用过去完成时，主语5 panda reserves和谓语
动词set up是被动关系，set用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been set。
【41题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：大熊猫是中国的著名象征，也是全球最可爱的动物之一。结合句意和句
子结构可知，空处应用名词creature“生灵”作宾语；creature为可数名词，本句结构为“one of the
+形容词最高级+复数名词”，意为“……之一”。故填creatures。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：公园有大约1864只大熊猫，占中国大熊猫总数的80%。此处是
非限制性定语从句，先行词是around 1,864 giant pandas，在从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词
which。故填which。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：将这些保护区连接起来，并在不同区域之间建立保护区，将允许大熊猫在不
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂同区域之间旅行，并有望杂交和加强大熊猫种群。修饰动词crossbreed and strengthen应用副词
hopefully作状语。故填hopefully。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这些熊猫保护区的结合是中国政府保护这些特殊动物的热情承诺。用形容
词exceptional (特殊的)作定语修饰名词animals。故填exceptional。
【45题详解】
考查同位语从句。句意：好消息是，有证据表明大熊猫种群数量似乎在增长。从句the
population appears to be growing对抽象名词evidence的内容进行解释说明，它是同位语从句，从句
结构完整，不缺任何意义，用只起连接作用的that。故填that。
【46题详解】
考查介词。句意：尽管取得了积极的进展，但世界仍需要做很多事情来帮助确保这一珍贵物种
的生存。despite +名词（短语），意为“尽管……”，首字母大写。故填Despite。
第三部分 写作（满分20分）
47. 假设你是李华，上周末你班分为两组进行了一项了解珍稀动物金丝猴（golden monkeys）的活
动，请根据表格所提供的内容，给你的笔友Linda写封信，向她介绍此次活动的过程和体会。
第一组 第二组
*到动物园观察金丝猴的特征（feature） *上网了解金丝猴的现有数量
*去图书馆查阅金丝猴的习性（behavior） *听专家介绍对金丝猴的保护措施
*汇总信息，完成报告
*活动体会（至少写两点）
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
【答案】
Dear Linda,
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂How have you been recently? I’m writing to tell you something about our inquiring learning on the
rare animal—golden monkeys.
The students of our class were divided into two groups. One group went to the local zoo to observe the
features of golden monkeys. After that, the group went to the library to collect some information about the
monkeys’ behavior. In the meantime, the task for the other group was to surf the Internet for the exact
number of the living golden monkeys. Besides, an expert was invited to introduce what we could do to
protect this kind of monkeys. At last, we gathered the information we got and produced a report. I think we
benefited a lot from the inquiring learning. Not only did we know how to cooperate with others but also we
found a new way of learning.
What do you think of our inquiring learning? Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面
表达属于应用文。要求考生给笔友Linda写封信，向她介绍上周末班级分组进行的一项了解珍稀动
物金丝猴的活动过程和体会。
【详解】1.词汇积
累
观察：watch→observe
信息：message→information
同时：meanwhile→in the meantime
任务：duty→task
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m writing to tell you something about our inquiring learning on the rare animal—golden monkeys.
拓展句：I’m writing to tell you something that is about our inquiring learning on the rare animal—golden
monkeys.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Besides, an expert was invited to introduce what we could do to protect this kind
of monkeys.(运用了what引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】Not only did we know how to cooperate with others but also we found a new way of
learning.(运用了部分倒装句型)
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂
