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微信：cs5311742016 主营各地名校期中期末真题卷及小初高全套教材教案讲义知识点总结
2023-2024学年北京二中教育集团八年级（下）期中英语试卷
一、单项选择 （共6分，每小题0.5分）
1．（0.5分） The music ____________ really nice.I want to listen to it again.（ ）
A． hears B． sounds C． listens D． watches
2．（0.5分）Tree Planting Day is March 12th every year.（ ）
A．at B．in C．to D．on
3．（0.5分） I am so excited ____________ going to Xinjiang this May.（ ）
A． into B． in C． for D． about
4．（0.5 分） I know it's ____________ to work out the problem，but I will try
____________ on it.（ ）
A． hard；hardly B． hardly；hard
C． hardly；hardly D． hard；hard
5．（0.5分）—Have you ever been to Shenzhen ____________？
—Yes.I went there two weeks ____________.It is a modern city.（ ）
A． yet；before B． just；ago
C． yet；ago D． before；before
6．（0.5分） The ice and snow in Harbin is beautiful，so every winter ____________
tourists come here.（ ）
A． five million of B． millions of
C． million of D． five millions
7．（0.5分）It ______ a lot in summer in Beijing.It is often rainy.（ ）
A．rain B．rainy
C．is raining D．rains
8．（0.5分）﹣We have lived in this city___ 1980．
﹣So you have lived here____ over 30 years．（ ）
A．in； for B．for； since
C．in； since D．since； for
9．（0.5分）—Tom，why are you playing computer games again？
—I____________ my homework.（ ）
A． finish B． finishing
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C． finished D． have finished
10．（0.5分）She couldn't help ________ when she heard the bad news．（ ）
A．cry B．to cry C．cried D．crying
11．（0.5分）Jason is good at running.He run 100 meters in 11 seconds.（
）
A．must B．should C．need D．can
12．（0.5分）﹣May I speak to Tom？
﹣Sorry，he _______America.But he _______in two days.（ ）
A．has been to；will come back
B．has gone to；will come back
C．has gone to；came back
D．has been to；came back
二、完形填空（共8分，每小题8分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从下面各题所
给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
13．（8 分）Romain Rolland once said，"There is only one kind of heroism in the
world，and that is to still love life after recognizing the truth of life."Cai Lei，a
patient with ALS（渐冻症），perfectly（1） this sentence.
Cai Lei was once the vice president of Jingdong Group，with a （2） job
and a happy family.
But who would have thought that at the age of 41，he was diagnosed（诊断）with
ALS and could only watch his body"frozen"until he could not breathe.
The illness gave him a fatal（致命的） wound but he didn't want to bow to it.He
began to think about （3） he could do for the people with ALS in the
remaining days.
After much thought，Cai Lei （4） an idea：he wants to produce medicine
that is good for the treatment of ALS.
When Cai Lei told others about this idea，everyone thought he was（5） .You
know medicine development takes at least 10 years.（6） ，the period from
diagnosis to death of patients with ALS is no more than 5 years.Allowing patients at the
moment to use medicine is impossible.
What's worse，many people in society still misunderstand him.That misunderstanding
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is like a（7） ，burning Cai Lei's heart.
Although he is heartbroken，he never says anything for himself.He devotes himself to
the research and development of the （8） .He believes："Even if we can't use
this medicine，we should let our future generations use it."
（1） A.explained B.tested C.noticed D.taught
（2） A.bad B.poor C.good D.sad
（3） A.what B.how C.where D.which
（4） A.worried about B.came up with C.made up D.heard of
（5） A.excited B.satisfied C.crazy D.brave
（6） A.Especially B.Suddenly C.Luckily D.However
（7） A.hope B.noise C.lesson D.fire
（8） A.ways B.inventions C.medicine D.lives
三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择
最佳选项。（共24分，每小题6分）
14．（6分）
Here are some picture books.
A B
Room for Everyone Gladys the Magic Chicken
Writer：Naaz Khan Writer：Adam Rubin
More and more people get on the bus on It can help you share a big laugh with
the way to the pretty beach.It seems there your family.Set in ancient times，the story
can't be room ， but"after some moving centers around a chicken named
around and fun，they make enough room Gladys.With 48 pages，this book is longer
for everyone."This is a book you will be than usual picture books，and that makes it
happy to read again and again because it look more special and amazing.
is full of happiness and energy.
C D
A Boy Named Isamu The Very Hungry Caterpillar
Writer：James Yang Writer：Eric Carle
The writer tells the story in the Join in a colorful adventure with a hungry
caterpillar as it munches through different
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second person and it seems the book is foods.With bright pictures and clever
talking to you.You can join the main pages，this story teaches counting，days of
character in an adventure and use your the week，and the butterflies life cycle.Eric
imagination to explore being alone and Carle's timeless story has attracted children
being creative.This book might help for generations，making it a must﹣read for
everyone understand how one might every little one.
be"alone but not lonely".
For 21﹣23，match each one with the choices（A﹣D）.There is one you do not need.
（1）Jack I am interested in insects.I want to learn about the life of
butterflies through a picture book.
（2）Amy I want to read a picture book which is written in the second
person and full of imagination.
（3）Kevin I want to read an interesting picture book with an animal as the
main character.And I hope it's longer than usual picture books.
15．（6分）The Mogao Caves are a very special place in China，which are located in
Dunhuang，Gansu Province.The Mogao Caves are thousands of years old and were
listed as a world heritage.（遗产） site by UNESCO in 1987.
Many people，including archaeologists（考古学家） and researchers，work hard to
take care of the Mogao Caves and learn more about them.Fan Jinshi is one of them.
Fan was born in Beijing on July 9，1938.Her father was a graduate of Tsinghua
University and had a strong interest in Chinese classical art and culture.
Influenced by her father，Fan liked visiting museums when she was in middle
school.With the great love of Chinese culture，she studied in the archaeology department
in Peking University and graduated in 1963.Then she started working at Dunhuang and
has worked there ever since.She spends almost 60 years taking care of Dunhuang.People
call her the"Daughter of Dunhuang"
On May 4，2023，"Daughter of Dunhuang"Fan Jinshi returned to Peking University
and brought back 10 million RMB donations to set up the Fan Jinshi Education Fund
（基金） to support the research of Dunhuang studies at Peking University.
"Money made should be spent in the right way.People cannot only think of
themselves，"she said."Hopefully the setting of the Fund can help Dunhuang studies at the
university ， so it can make people know more about Dunhuang and raise cultural
confidence of the nation."
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（1）How long has Fan Jinshi worked at Dunhuang？
A.For almost forty years.
B.For about eighty years.
C.For almost sixty years.
D.For over seventy years.
（2）What does the underlined word"them"in Paragraph 2 refer to？
A.Archaeologists.
B.The Mogao Caves.
C.Researchers.
D.World heritage sites.
（3）Which is NOT the purpose of setting up Fan Jinshi Education Fund？
A.To support the research of Dunhuang at Peking University.
B.To help people not to think of themselves.
C.To make people know more about Dunhuang.
D.To raise cultural confidence of the nation.
16．（6分）Talking to yourself isn't just for humans—it's for robots too.Italian researchers
have developed a robot that can speak to itself，which enables users to hear its
thought process（过程） and know how the robot makes decisions.
"If you were able to hear what the robots are thinking，the robots might be more
trustworthy（可信赖的），"one of the researchers Antonio Chella says."The robots will be
easier to understand for people who aren't engineers.In other words，we can communicate
and work with the robots better."
People talk to themselves when looking for clarity and moral.（清晰的思维及道德方
面的） guidance，and it helps in the decision﹣making process.The researchers set out to
see how this could influence robots，so they developed one called Pepper，and they
trained it to set a table.They then gave it the ability to say，in simple English，what it
was"thinking"when completing a job.
After studying the robot，the researchers found that Pepper was better at solving
dilemmas（进退两难的困境） when talking to itself.One experiment saw a user ask
Pepper to break table setting rules by putting a fork in the wrong place，which led to
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the robot asking itself several self﹣directed questions.It then decided that the user might
be wrong，so it made sure the user didn't give the wrong order before it went on talking
to itself："Emm，this situation is difficult to me.I would never break the rules，but I
can't make him unhappy either，so I'm doing what he wants，"Pepper said while putting
the fork in the wrong place.The user can understand Pepper's thoughts as it uses its inner
voice to solve a dilemma，which the researchers say could lead to human﹣robot trust.
Comparing Pepper's performance with and without inner speech，Chella discovered
that the robot worked faster with inner speech，which means when it was talking to
itself."People were very surprised by the robot's ability，"Chella says."The research makes
the robot different from other machines because it has the ability to reason，to think.Inner
speech could be useful in all the situations where we trust the computer or a robot for
evaluation（评价） of a situation."
Although hearing the inner voice of robots enriches the human﹣robot interaction（互
动的），some people might find it inefficient because the robot spends more time
completing jobs when it talks to itself.The robot's inner speech is also just the knowledge
that researchers gave it.Still，Chella says their research lays the groundwork for more
research into how self﹣dialogue can help robots pay attention，plan and learn.
（1）What can we learn from the research？
A.Inner speech helps the robot finish tasks better.
B.The research can help people understand robots' actions.
C.The Italian researchers created a new language for robots.
D.The robot helped study people's decision﹣making process.
（2）What does the underlined word"inefficient"mean？
A.Not interesting.
B.Not important.
C.Not right.
D.Not good.
（3）Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？
A.Robots：Learn to Learn
B.Robots：Think Out Loud
C.Robots：Make Better Speeches
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D.Robots：Always Trust Humans
17．（6分）Participation trophies （参与奖） appeared in children's sports competitions
about a century ago.They have been used to encourage and reward children for
participating ı n fun and health y activities.The trophies recognize students' attendance
（到场） and effort rather than their ability and the competition results.
Since the 1990s ， though ， there has been an increasingly strong voice that
participation trophies are making the kids"soft".They ruin kids' competitive spirit and make
children too lazy to work hard to get things they want.The thinking often goes，"Every
kid will think they are winners，so they will always feel that they are born to win，even
if they don't deserve （值得） to win."
However，this idea is worthy of much more thinking.Does anyone really think that
kids are fooled into thinking their participation trophy is a gold medal？Kids are always
smarter than that and always more aware of their social surroundings.They know that a
participation trophy just says it was good for them to be here having fun.It doesn't say
everyone wins the first place.
Kids are learning about their abilities and strengths every day.The idea that
participation trophies keep kids from experiencing the"real world"is，in my view，one﹣
sided，Participation trophies recognize that kids' skill sets are wildly different and that we
put kids in organized sports at young ages when their skills are still very much in
development.Participation trophies celebrate every kid for being a part of the team or the
activity，instead of their skill levels.
And different from the idea that participation trophies keep kids from trying hard
things，my opinion is the exact opposite.They send a message that there's great value in
trying something that you don't love or that you may not succeed in.Encouraging kids to
try and fail at things is the key to building their confidence by teaching them that failing
is necessary for growth and learning.These trophies are a drop in the bucket （桶） for
now，but their effects may be seen after the kids step into the grown﹣up world.As kids
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get older，their strengths and interests develop more clearly.At that time，they will join in
more competitive activities in their professional fields，and they will know the world of，
yinning and losing.
Participation trophies are protective of children's mental health，by giving them soft
places to land in the rocky journey of childhood.Kids need kindness from the adults in
their lives.They need to know that they have inherent（与生俱来的） value and worth no
matter what they achieve or produce.This view keeps children's physical and mental well
﹣being front and center right from the start，which couldn't be more important if we are
to raise mentally healthy children.
（1）According to the passage，the participation trophies have been used to .
A.celebrate kids' ability and their competition results
B.educate kids that everyone deserves to be a winner
C.encourage kids to work hard to get things they want
D.reward kids for joining the fun and healthy activities
（2）The writer would probably agree that .
A.participation trophies recognize that kids are born with value
B.kids having participation trophies believe that they are winners
C.kids having participation trophies will become mentally healthy
D.participation ：trophies stop kids from experiencing the real world
（3）What's the passage mainly talking about？
A.The power of participation trophies
B.The pressure of participation trophies
C.The enjoyment of participation trophies
D.The development of participation trophies
四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。（共8分）
18．（8分）Traditional Chinese toys are part of the traditional Chinese culture.They make
the folk games and sports activities of China rich and colorful.Here is a traditional
Chinese toy many children like to play—Chinese shuttlecocks（jianzi）.
Shuttlecocks kicking has a history of more than 2000 years in China.Since the Han
Dynasty，people have been playing shuttlecock kicking.Even now，shuttlecock kicking is
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still one of the most popular outdoor activities，not only with the children，but also with
the old.Shuttlecock kicking can be played by one or a circle of people.Five or six persons
may form a small circle，kicking a shuttlecock.There are also people who like playing
alone.Even when you play by yourself，you can often attract other people and make them
want to come around and watch you play.
Making a shuttlecock is quite easy.You just need to find two or three coins with
holes，put several feathers in the hole，and then sew down the feathers to the coin with
clothes strips.The rule of shuttlecock kicking is also simple：keeping the shuttlecock in
the air by using any part of your body except your hands.
（1）How long have Chinese people been playing shuttlecock？
（2）Whom is shuttlecock kicking popular with？
（3）What is the rule of shuttlecock kicking？
（4）What do you think of shuttlecock kicking？Why do you think so？
五、根据中文意思和提示词完成下列句子。（每小题1分，共4分）
19．（1分） 我妈妈上周感冒了。 （catch a cold）
20．（1分） 你去过北京动物园吗？ （Beijing Zoo）
21．（1分） 我来到这个学校两年了。（about 2 years）
22．（1分） 我发现坚持运动很难。（find）
六、文段表达 （10分）
23．（10分）请根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于 50 词的文段写作。请不要写出你
的校名和姓名。
友谊在我们的成长中至关重要，我们每个人都需要朋友。假如你是李华，请你写一篇英
文演讲稿，内容包括：你的朋友是什么样的人，你们如何成为好朋友的，以及从他/她
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身上学到了什么。
提示词语：nice，kind，help，share，care
提示问题：What is your best friend like？
How did you become friends？
What have you learnt from him/her？
My best friend
Good morning，everyone!I'm Li Hua._____
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2023-2024学年北京二中教育集团八年级（下）期中英语试卷
参考答案与试题解析
一、单项选择 （共6分，每小题0.5分）
1．（0.5分） The music ____________ really nice.I want to listen to it again.（ ）
A． hears B． sounds C． listens D． watches
【分析】这首音乐听起来很好听。我想再听一遍。
【解答】hears听见；sounds听起来，是连系动词，后跟形容词；listens听；watches看。
根据I want to listen to it again.（我想再听一遍。）可知，此处是说"这首音乐听起来
很好听。"nice（好的）是形容词，放在连系动词后面。
故选：B。
【点评】考查动词，应牢记其含义和用法，结合语境答题。
2．（0.5分）Tree Planting Day is March 12th every year.（ ）
A．at B．in C．to D．on
【分析】植树节在每年的3月12日。
【解答】at用于具体的时刻前面；in用在年、月、上下午的前面；to朝向；on用于具体
的某一天或具体某一天的上午，下午或晚上。根据March 12th"3月12日"可知，在具体
某一天用介词on。
故选：D。
【点评】介词这个知识点很广泛，有一些固定用法，需要日常积累，结合语境选择正确
介词完成习题。
3．（0.5分） I am so excited ____________ going to Xinjiang this May.（ ）
A． into B． in C． for D． about
【分析】今年五月我很兴奋能去新疆
【解答】into进入；in在……里；for为了；about有关。根据句意：今年五月我很兴奋
能去新疆。
故选：D。
【点评】熟悉固定搭配，根据所给选项解答即可。
4．（0.5 分） I know it's ____________ to work out the problem，but I will try
____________ on it.（ ）
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A． hard；hardly B． hardly；hard
C． hardly；hardly D． hard；hard
【分析】我知道解出这道题很难，但我会努力去做的。
【解答】hard作副词指"努力地，困难地"，也可作形容词，意为"困难的，坚硬的"；
hardly：副词，几乎不。第一空作is的表语，指"解出这道题很难"，用形容词hard；第
二空用副词修饰动词try，指"努力去做"，也用hard。
故选：D。
【点评】要求学生熟练掌握常用单词的意思和用法，结合句意，选择正确答案。
5．（0.5分）—Have you ever been to Shenzhen ____________？
—Yes.I went there two weeks ____________.It is a modern city.（ ）
A． yet；before B． just；ago
C． yet；ago D． before；before
【分析】—你曾经去过深圳吗？
—是的。我两周以前去那里了。它是一个现代城市。
【解答】yet还，用于否定句和疑问句；just只是；before在以前；ago以前，常用于一
段时间+ago。根据Have you ever been to Shenzhen…？（你曾经去过深圳吗？）是疑
问句可知，第一空用yet。根据two weeks（两周）是一段时间可知，第二空用ago。
故选：C。
【点评】考查副词，应牢记其含义和用法，结合语境答题。
6．（0.5分） The ice and snow in Harbin is beautiful，so every winter ____________
tourists come here.（ ）
A． five million of B． millions of
C． million of D． five millions
【分析】哈尔滨的冰雪很美，因此每年冬季几百万游客来这里。
【解答】five五；million百万。当million与数词连用时，表示一个具体的数目，million
不用复数；当million 与"of+复数名词"连用时，表示一个多而不具体的数字，要用
millions，分析选项可知正确答案是B。
故选：B。
【点评】本题考查数词的用法。
7．（0.5分）It ______ a lot in summer in Beijing.It is often rainy.（ ）
A．rain B．rainy
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C．is raining D．rains
【分析】北京夏天雨很多。经常下雨。
【解答】根据句意和语境可知，此处表达"下雨"的英语，本句应该使用一般现在时。主
语It，为单数第三人称，rain"下雨"，其第三人称单数形式为rains。A.rain下雨（动词原
形）；B.rainy多雨的（形容词）；C.is raining正在下雨（选择进行时）；D.rains下雨
（动词单数第三人称）。
故选：D。
【点评】根据句意和语境，注意谓语动词应该在人称，数，时态上与主语保持一致。
8．（0.5分）﹣We have lived in this city___ 1980．
﹣So you have lived here____ over 30 years．（ ）
A．in； for B．for； since
C．in； since D．since； for
【分析】﹣﹣自从1980年以来，我们一直住在这个城市．
﹣﹣所以你在这里住了超过30年．
【解答】答案：D．考查介词．in+段时间通常用于一般将来时态．since+点时间通常用
于现在完成时态．for+段时间通常用于现在完成时态．第一个空since 1980自从1980年．
第二个空．for over 30 years超过30年．
故选：D。
【点评】考查介词用法，这个知识点很广泛，有一些固定用法，需要日常积累，结合语
境选择正确介词完成习题．
9．（0.5分）—Tom，why are you playing computer games again？
—I____________ my homework.（ ）
A． finish B． finishing
C． finished D． have finished
【分析】—Tom，为什么你又玩电脑了？
—我已经做完作业了。
【解答】根据"playing computer games again"（又玩电脑了）以及"____ my
homework"（____我的作业）可知先做完了作业之后，才看的电视，也就是做完作业这
个动作在对话发生之前就已经完成，强调对现在造成的影响，就是有时间可以看电视了，
所以要用现在完成时。现在完成时结构为：have/has+过去分词，A一般现在时；B现在
分词形式；C一般过去时；D现在完成时。
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故选：D。
【点评】掌握现在完成时的构成以及用法，然后结合具体的题目，就可以确定正确答案。
10．（0.5分）She couldn't help ________ when she heard the bad news．（ ）
A．cry B．to cry C．cried D．crying
【分析】她听到这个坏消息时忍不住哭了起来．
【解答】根据She couldn't help ________ when she heard the bad news．可知句子考
查couldn't help doing sth表示禁不住做某事．
故选：D．
【点评】首先要掌握这个句子的意思，然后结合具体的题目，就可以确定正确答案．
11．（0.5分）Jason is good at running.He run 100 meters in 11 seconds.（
）
A．must B．should C．need D．can
【分析】Jason擅长跑步，他能在11秒内跑完100米。
【解答】must 必须；should 应该；need 需要；（表示应该或不得不做）有必要；can
表现在、将来或过去的能力；结合语境可知，句意为：Jason擅长跑步，他能在11秒内
跑完100米。can符合语境。
故选：D。
【点评】掌握情态动词的意思和用法，结合语境选出正确答案。
12．（0.5分）﹣May I speak to Tom？
﹣Sorry，he _______America.But he _______in two days.（ ）
A．has been to；will come back
B．has gone to；will come back
C．has gone to；came back
D．has been to；came back
【分析】—我可以与汤姆通话吗？
—对不起，他去了美国。但是他两天后回来。
【解答】have been to去过；have gone to去了；will come back一般将来时；came
back一般过去时。根据语境和后文时间状语"in two days"可知，他两天后回来，因此他
去了美国，现在还没回来，主语是he，第一空用has gone to；第二空用一般将来时，
will come back。
故选：B。
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【点评】辨析have gone to与have been to含义的差别，以及时态的用法，结合语境，
给出答案。
二、完形填空（共8分，每小题8分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从下面各题所
给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
13．（8 分）Romain Rolland once said，"There is only one kind of heroism in the
world，and that is to still love life after recognizing the truth of life."Cai Lei，a
patient with ALS（渐冻症），perfectly（1） A this sentence.
Cai Lei was once the vice president of Jingdong Group，with a （2） C job and
a happy family.
But who would have thought that at the age of 41，he was diagnosed（诊断）with
ALS and could only watch his body"frozen"until he could not breathe.
The illness gave him a fatal（致命的） wound but he didn't want to bow to it.He
began to think about （3） A he could do for the people with ALS in the remaining
days.
After much thought，Cai Lei （4） B an idea：he wants to produce medicine
that is good for the treatment of ALS.
When Cai Lei told others about this idea，everyone thought he was（5） C .You
know medicine development takes at least 10 years.（6） D ，the period from
diagnosis to death of patients with ALS is no more than 5 years.Allowing patients at the
moment to use medicine is impossible.
What's worse，many people in society still misunderstand him.That misunderstanding
is like a（7） D ，burning Cai Lei's heart.
Although he is heartbroken，he never says anything for himself.He devotes himself to
the research and development of the （8） C .He believes："Even if we can't use this
medicine，we should let our future generations use it."
（1） A.explained B.tested C.noticed D.taught
（2） A.bad B.poor C.good D.sad
（3） A.what B.how C.where D.which
（4） A.worried about B.came up with C.made up D.heard of
（5） A.excited B.satisfied C.crazy D.brave
（6） A.Especially B.Suddenly C.Luckily D.However
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（7） A.hope B.noise C.lesson D.fire
（8） A.ways B.inventions C.medicine D.lives
【分析】本文主要讲了蔡磊在攻克渐冻症方面的贡献。
【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：渐冻症患者蔡磊完美地解释了这句话。A.解释，B.测
试，C.注意到，D.教，结合上文Romain Rolland once said，"There is only one kind of
heroism in the world，and that is to still love life after recognizing the truth of
life."（罗曼•罗兰曾经说过："世界上只有一种英雄主义，那就是认清生活的真相后仍然
热爱生活。"）可知蔡磊完美地解释了这句话。故选A。
（2）考查形容词。句意：蔡磊曾经是京东集团的副总裁，有一份不错的工作和一个幸
福的家庭。A.坏的，B.穷的，C.好的，D.坏的，根据 Cai Lei was once the vice
president of Jingdong Group（蔡磊曾经是京东集团的副总裁）可知有一份好的工作。故
选C。
（3）考查代词。句意：他开始思考在剩下的日子里他能为渐冻症患者做些什么。A.什
么，B.如何，C.在哪儿，D.哪一个，结合句意，可知用what作宾语。故选A。
（4）考查动词短语。句意：经过深思熟虑，蔡磊提出一个想法：他想生产出对治疗渐
冻症有好处的药物。A.担心，B.提出，C.编造，D.听说，根据idea"想法"，可知是提出
一个想法。故选B。
（5）考查形容词。句意：当蔡磊把这个想法告诉别人时，大家都觉得他疯了。A.兴奋
的，B.满意的，C.疯狂的，D.勇敢的，结合下文You know medicine development takes
at least 10 years.（你知道药物开发至少需要10年的时间。）可知大家都觉得他疯了。
故选C。
（6）考查副词。句意：然而，渐冻症患者从诊断到死亡的时间不超过5年。A.尤其，
B.忽然，C.幸运地，D.然而，结合上文You know medicine development takes at least
10 years.（你知道药物开发至少需要10年的时间。）可知表示转折。故选D。
（7）考查名词。句意：那个误解就像一团火，燃烧着蔡磊的心。A.希望，B.噪音，C.
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课程，D.火，根据burning Cai Lei's heart（燃烧着蔡磊的心）可知那个误解就像一团火。
故选D。
（8）考查名词。句意：他致力于这种药物的研究和开发。A.方法，B.发明，C.药物，
D.生命，结合下文 He believes："Even if we can't use this medicine，we should let
our future generations use it."（他认为："即使我们不能使用这种药，我们也应该让我
们的后代使用它。"）可知他致力于这种药物的研究和开发。故选C。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，掌握选项的含义，紧密结合上下文和句意判断空格
处词义，选择正确的选项，完成后再次阅读查看语意是否正确。
三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择
最佳选项。（共24分，每小题6分）
14．（6分）
Here are some picture books.
A B
Room for Everyone Gladys the Magic Chicken
Writer：Naaz Khan Writer：Adam Rubin
More and more people get on the bus on It can help you share a big laugh with
the way to the pretty beach.It seems there your family.Set in ancient times，the story
can't be room ， but"after some moving centers around a chicken named
around and fun，they make enough room Gladys.With 48 pages，this book is longer
for everyone."This is a book you will be than usual picture books，and that makes it
happy to read again and again because it look more special and amazing.
is full of happiness and energy.
C D
A Boy Named Isamu The Very Hungry Caterpillar
Writer：James Yang Writer：Eric Carle
The writer tells the story in the Join in a colorful adventure with a hungry
caterpillar as it munches through different
second person and it seems the book is
foods.With bright pictures and clever
talking to you.You can join the main
pages，this story teaches counting，days of
character in an adventure and use your
the week，and the butterflies life cycle.Eric
imagination to explore being alone and
Carle's timeless story has attracted children
being creative.This book might help
for generations，making it a must﹣read for
everyone understand how one might
every little one.
be"alone but not lonely".
For 21﹣23，match each one with the choices（A﹣D）.There is one you do not need.
（1）Jack D I am interested in insects.I want to learn about the life of
butterflies through a picture book.
（2）Amy C I want to read a picture book which is written in the second
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person and full of imagination.
（3）Kevin B I want to read an interesting picture book with an animal as the
main character.And I hope it's longer than usual picture books.
【分析】（1）杰克：我对昆虫感兴趣。我想通过一本图画书了解蝴蝶的生活。
（2）艾米：我想读一本用第二人称写的充满想象力的图画书。
（3）凯文：我想读一本以动物为主角的有趣的图画书。我希望它比通常的图画书更长。
A.越来越多的人在去美丽的海滩的路上登上了公共汽车。似乎没有足够的空间，但"经
过一些移动和娱乐，他们为每个人腾出了足够的空间。"这是一本你会开心地读一遍又
一遍的书，因为它充满了快乐和能量。
B.它可以帮助你和你的家人分享欢笑。故事发生在古代，以一只名叫格拉迪斯的鸡为中
心。这本书有48页，比一般的图画书要长，这使它看起来更特别，更令人惊叹。
C.作者用第二人称讲述故事，就好像书在和你说话。你可以加入主角的冒险，用你的想
象力去探索孤独和创造性。这本书可能会帮助每个人理解一个人是如何"孤独但不孤
独"的。
D.加入一个丰富多彩的冒险与饥饿的毛毛虫，因为它咀嚼不同的食物。这个故事用明亮
的图片和聪明的页面，教授数数，一周中的日子，和蝴蝶的生命周期。埃里克•卡尔永
恒的故事吸引了一代又一代的孩子，使它成为每个孩子的必读书籍。
【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据I am interested in insects.I want to learn about the
life of butterflies through a picture book.（我对昆虫感兴趣。我想通过一本图画书了解
蝴蝶的生活。）可知说的是关于昆虫的图画书，结合选项，应说"加入一个丰富多彩的
冒险与饥饿的毛毛虫，因为它咀嚼不同的食物。这个故事用明亮的图片和聪明的页面，
教授数数，一周中的日子，和蝴蝶的生命周期。埃里克•卡尔永恒的故事吸引了一代又
一代的孩子，使它成为每个孩子的必读书籍。"故选D。
（2）细节推理题。根据I want to read a picture book which is written in the second
person and full of imagination.（我想读一本用第二人称写的充满想象力的图画书。）
可知说的是用第二人称，结合选项，应说"作者用第二人称讲述故事，就好像书在和你
说话。你可以加入主角的冒险，用你的想象力去探索孤独和创造性。这本书可能会帮助
每个人理解一个人是如何"孤独但不孤独"的。"故选C。
（3）细节推理题。根据I want to read an interesting picture book with an animal as
the main character.And I hope it's longer than usual picture books.（我想读一本以动物
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为主角的有趣的图画书。我希望它比通常的图画书更长。）可知说的是以动物为主的图
画书，结合选项，应说"它可以帮助你和你的家人分享欢笑。故事发生在古代，以一只
名叫格拉迪斯的鸡为中心。这本书有48页，比一般的图画书要长，这使它看起来更特
别，更令人惊叹。"故选B。
【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，保证上下文意思
通顺，结合选项选出正确答案。
15．（6分）The Mogao Caves are a very special place in China，which are located in
Dunhuang，Gansu Province.The Mogao Caves are thousands of years old and were
listed as a world heritage.（遗产） site by UNESCO in 1987.
Many people，including archaeologists（考古学家） and researchers，work hard to
take care of the Mogao Caves and learn more about them.Fan Jinshi is one of them.
Fan was born in Beijing on July 9，1938.Her father was a graduate of Tsinghua
University and had a strong interest in Chinese classical art and culture.
Influenced by her father，Fan liked visiting museums when she was in middle
school.With the great love of Chinese culture，she studied in the archaeology department
in Peking University and graduated in 1963.Then she started working at Dunhuang and
has worked there ever since.She spends almost 60 years taking care of Dunhuang.People
call her the"Daughter of Dunhuang"
On May 4，2023，"Daughter of Dunhuang"Fan Jinshi returned to Peking University
and brought back 10 million RMB donations to set up the Fan Jinshi Education Fund
（基金） to support the research of Dunhuang studies at Peking University.
"Money made should be spent in the right way.People cannot only think of
themselves，"she said."Hopefully the setting of the Fund can help Dunhuang studies at the
university ， so it can make people know more about Dunhuang and raise cultural
confidence of the nation."
（1）How long has Fan Jinshi worked at Dunhuang？ C
A.For almost forty years.
B.For about eighty years.
C.For almost sixty years.
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D.For over seventy years.
（2）What does the underlined word"them"in Paragraph 2 refer to？ B
A.Archaeologists.
B.The Mogao Caves.
C.Researchers.
D.World heritage sites.
（3）Which is NOT the purpose of setting up Fan Jinshi Education Fund？ B
A.To support the research of Dunhuang at Peking University.
B.To help people not to think of themselves.
C.To make people know more about Dunhuang.
D.To raise cultural confidence of the nation.
【分析】文章主要讲述了被誉为"敦煌女儿"的樊锦诗在保护莫高窟上所付出的努力和做
出的贡献。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第四段Then she started working at Dunhuang and has
worked there ever since.She spends almost 60 years taking care of Dunhuang.（后来她
开始在敦煌工作，并且一直工作到现在。她花了将近60年的时间照顾敦煌。）可知，
樊锦诗在敦煌工作了约六十年。故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据第二段 Many people，including archaeologists（考古学家）
and researchers，work hard to take care of the Mogao Caves（许多人，包括考古学家
和研究人员，努力工作，以照顾莫高窟，）可知，是并了解莫高窟，所以them代指的
是前面提到的the Mogao Caves。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段 On May 4，2023，"Daughter of Dunhuang"Fan
Jinshi returned to Peking University and brought back 10 million RMB donations to set
up the Fan Jinshi Education Fund （基金） to support the research of Dunhuang
studies at Peking University.（2023年5月4日，"敦煌之女"樊锦诗回到北京大学，带回
1000万元人民币捐款，成立樊锦诗教育基金，支持北京大学敦煌学研究。）和最后一段
"Money made should be spent in the right way.People cannot only think of
themselves，"she said."Hopefully the setting of the Fund can help Dunhuang studies at
the university，so it can make people know more about Dunhuang and raise cultural
confidence of the nation."（"赚的钱应该用在正确的地方。人们不能只想到自己，"她
说。"希望该基金的设立可以帮助大学的敦煌研究，从而使人们更多地了解敦煌，提高
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民族的文化自信。"）可知，没有B项"帮助人们不去想自己"。故选B。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内
容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
16．（6分）Talking to yourself isn't just for humans—it's for robots too.Italian researchers
have developed a robot that can speak to itself，which enables users to hear its
thought process（过程） and know how the robot makes decisions.
"If you were able to hear what the robots are thinking，the robots might be more
trustworthy（可信赖的），"one of the researchers Antonio Chella says."The robots will be
easier to understand for people who aren't engineers.In other words，we can communicate
and work with the robots better."
People talk to themselves when looking for clarity and moral.（清晰的思维及道德方
面的） guidance，and it helps in the decision﹣making process.The researchers set out to
see how this could influence robots，so they developed one called Pepper，and they
trained it to set a table.They then gave it the ability to say，in simple English，what it
was"thinking"when completing a job.
After studying the robot，the researchers found that Pepper was better at solving
dilemmas（进退两难的困境） when talking to itself.One experiment saw a user ask
Pepper to break table setting rules by putting a fork in the wrong place，which led to
the robot asking itself several self﹣directed questions.It then decided that the user might
be wrong，so it made sure the user didn't give the wrong order before it went on talking
to itself："Emm，this situation is difficult to me.I would never break the rules，but I
can't make him unhappy either，so I'm doing what he wants，"Pepper said while putting
the fork in the wrong place.The user can understand Pepper's thoughts as it uses its inner
voice to solve a dilemma，which the researchers say could lead to human﹣robot trust.
Comparing Pepper's performance with and without inner speech，Chella discovered
that the robot worked faster with inner speech，which means when it was talking to
itself."People were very surprised by the robot's ability，"Chella says."The research makes
the robot different from other machines because it has the ability to reason，to think.Inner
speech could be useful in all the situations where we trust the computer or a robot for
evaluation（评价） of a situation."
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Although hearing the inner voice of robots enriches the human﹣robot interaction（互
动的），some people might find it inefficient because the robot spends more time
completing jobs when it talks to itself.The robot's inner speech is also just the knowledge
that researchers gave it.Still，Chella says their research lays the groundwork for more
research into how self﹣dialogue can help robots pay attention，plan and learn.
（1）What can we learn from the research？ B
A.Inner speech helps the robot finish tasks better.
B.The research can help people understand robots' actions.
C.The Italian researchers created a new language for robots.
D.The robot helped study people's decision﹣making process.
（2）What does the underlined word"inefficient"mean？ D
A.Not interesting.
B.Not important.
C.Not right.
D.Not good.
（3）Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？ B
A.Robots：Learn to Learn
B.Robots：Think Out Loud
C.Robots：Make Better Speeches
D.Robots：Always Trust Humans
【分析】短文主要说的是自言自语不仅仅是人类的事，也是机器人的事。意大利研究人
员设计了一种能自言自语的机器人，使用户能够听到它的思维过程，并对技术的决策过
程有更深入的了解。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段 "If you were able to hear what the robots are
thinking，the robots might be more trustworthy（可信赖的），"one of the researchers
Antonio Chella says."The robots will be easier to understand for people who aren't
engineers.In other words，we can communicate and work with the robots better."（"如
果你能听到机器人在想什么，机器人可能会更值得信赖，"研究人员之一安东尼奥•切拉
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说。"对于不是工程师的人来说，机器人将更容易理解。换句话说，我们可以更好地与
机器人交流和合作。）可知我们能从研究中学到：这项研究可以帮助人们理解机器人的
动作。故选B。
（2）词义猜测题。根据最后一段 Although hearing the inner voice of robots enriches
the human﹣robot interaction（互动的），some people might find it inefficient because
the robot spends more time completing jobs when it talks to itself.（尽管听到机器人内
心的声音丰富了人机互动，但有些人可能会发现它效率低下，因为机器人在与自己交谈
时会花更多的时间完成工作。）联系后句可猜测出下划线单词 inefficient 的意思应为：
效率低下的，故选D。
（3）标题归纳题。通读前文，根据第一段Talking to yourself isn't just for humans—
it's for robots too.Italian researchers have developed a robot that can speak to itself，
which enables users to hear its thought process（过程） and know how the robot
makes decisions.（自言自语不仅适用于人类，也适用于机器人。意大利研究人员开发了
一种可以自言自语的机器人，使用户能够听到它的思维过程，并知道机器人是如何做出
决定的。）可知可知，自言自语不仅仅是人类的事，也是机器人的事。所以"机器人：
会思考"作为标题最合适。故选B。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内
容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
17．（6分）Participation trophies （参与奖） appeared in children's sports competitions
about a century ago.They have been used to encourage and reward children for
participating ı n fun and health y activities.The trophies recognize students' attendance
（到场） and effort rather than their ability and the competition results.
Since the 1990s ， though ， there has been an increasingly strong voice that
participation trophies are making the kids"soft".They ruin kids' competitive spirit and make
children too lazy to work hard to get things they want.The thinking often goes，"Every
kid will think they are winners，so they will always feel that they are born to win，even
if they don't deserve （值得） to win."
However，this idea is worthy of much more thinking.Does anyone really think that
kids are fooled into thinking their participation trophy is a gold medal？Kids are always
smarter than that and always more aware of their social surroundings.They know that a
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participation trophy just says it was good for them to be here having fun.It doesn't say
everyone wins the first place.
Kids are learning about their abilities and strengths every day.The idea that
participation trophies keep kids from experiencing the"real world"is，in my view，one﹣
sided，Participation trophies recognize that kids' skill sets are wildly different and that we
put kids in organized sports at young ages when their skills are still very much in
development.Participation trophies celebrate every kid for being a part of the team or the
activity，instead of their skill levels.
And different from the idea that participation trophies keep kids from trying hard
things，my opinion is the exact opposite.They send a message that there's great value in
trying something that you don't love or that you may not succeed in.Encouraging kids to
try and fail at things is the key to building their confidence by teaching them that failing
is necessary for growth and learning.These trophies are a drop in the bucket （桶） for
now，but their effects may be seen after the kids step into the grown﹣up world.As kids
get older，their strengths and interests develop more clearly.At that time，they will join in
more competitive activities in their professional fields，and they will know the world of，
yinning and losing.
Participation trophies are protective of children's mental health，by giving them soft
places to land in the rocky journey of childhood.Kids need kindness from the adults in
their lives.They need to know that they have inherent（与生俱来的） value and worth no
matter what they achieve or produce.This view keeps children's physical and mental well
﹣being front and center right from the start，which couldn't be more important if we are
to raise mentally healthy children.
（1）According to the passage，the participation trophies have been used to D .
A.celebrate kids' ability and their competition results
B.educate kids that everyone deserves to be a winner
C.encourage kids to work hard to get things they want
D.reward kids for joining the fun and healthy activities
（2）The writer would probably agree that C .
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A.participation trophies recognize that kids are born with value
B.kids having participation trophies believe that they are winners
C.kids having participation trophies will become mentally healthy
D.participation ：trophies stop kids from experiencing the real world
（3）What's the passage mainly talking about？ A
A.The power of participation trophies
B.The pressure of participation trophies
C.The enjoyment of participation trophies
D.The development of participation trophies
【分析】本文主要介绍了参与奖对儿童的影响。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Participation trophies （参与奖） appeared in
children's sports competitions about a century ago.They have been used to encourage
and reward children for participating ı n fun and health y activities.（参与奖大约在一
个世纪前出现在儿童体育比赛中。它们被用来鼓励和奖励参加有趣和健康活动的儿
童。）可知，参与奖用来奖励参加有趣和健康活动的孩子。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据最后一段 Participation trophies are protective of children's
mental health ， by giving them soft places to land in the rocky journey of
childhood...This view keeps children's physical and mental well﹣being front and center
right from the start，which couldn't be more important if we are to raise mentally
healthy children.（参与奖杯可以保护孩子们的心理健康，让他们在坎坷的童年之旅中有
一个柔软的落脚点......这种观点从一开始就把孩子的身心健康放在最重要的位置，如果
我们要培养心理健康的孩子，这一点再重要不过了。）可知，作者可能同意获得参与奖
的孩子将变得心理健康。故选C。
（3）主旨大意题。根据最后一段 Participation trophies are protective of children's
mental health ， by giving them soft places to land in the rocky journey of
childhood...This view keeps children's physical and mental well﹣being front and center
right from the start，which couldn't be more important if we are to raise mentally
healthy children.（参与奖杯可以保护孩子们的心理健康，让他们在坎坷的童年之旅中有
一个柔软的落脚点......这种观点从一开始就把孩子的身心健康放在最重要的位置，如果
我们要培养心理健康的孩子，这一点再重要不过了。）以及全文信息可知，本文主要介
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绍了参与奖对儿童的影响力。故选A。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内
容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。（共8分）
18．（8分）Traditional Chinese toys are part of the traditional Chinese culture.They make
the folk games and sports activities of China rich and colorful.Here is a traditional
Chinese toy many children like to play—Chinese shuttlecocks（jianzi）.
Shuttlecocks kicking has a history of more than 2000 years in China.Since the Han
Dynasty，people have been playing shuttlecock kicking.Even now，shuttlecock kicking is
still one of the most popular outdoor activities，not only with the children，but also with
the old.Shuttlecock kicking can be played by one or a circle of people.Five or six persons
may form a small circle，kicking a shuttlecock.There are also people who like playing
alone.Even when you play by yourself，you can often attract other people and make them
want to come around and watch you play.
Making a shuttlecock is quite easy.You just need to find two or three coins with
holes，put several feathers in the hole，and then sew down the feathers to the coin with
clothes strips.The rule of shuttlecock kicking is also simple：keeping the shuttlecock in
the air by using any part of your body except your hands.
（1）How long have Chinese people been playing shuttlecock？
Mor e tha n 200 0 year s .
（2）Whom is shuttlecock kicking popular with？
Childre n an d ol d peopl e .
（3）What is the rule of shuttlecock kicking？
The rule o f shuttlecock kicking i s keeping the shuttlecock in the ai r by using any
part of your body except your hands .
（4）What do you think of shuttlecock kicking？Why do you think so？
I thin k kickin g shuttlecoc k i s ver y goo d ， becaus e i t ca n enhanc e physica l fitness .
【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了中国的传统玩具﹣﹣﹣毽子。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段 Shuttlecocks kicking has a history of more
than 2000 years in China.（踢毽子在中国已有2000多年的历史。）可知中国人踢毽子
2000多年了。故填：More than 2000 years.
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（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Even now，shuttlecock kicking is still one of the most
popular outdoor activities，not only with the children，but also with the old.（即使是
现在，踢毽子仍然是最受欢迎的户外活动之一，不仅孩子们喜欢，老人也喜欢。）可知
孩子和老人喜欢踢毽子。故填：Children and old people.
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段 The rule of shuttlecock kicking is also simple：
keeping the shuttlecock in the air by using any part of your body except your hands.
（踢毽子的规则也很简单：除了手之外，用身体的任何部位将毽子保持在空中。）可知
踢毽子的规则是：除了手之外，用身体的任何部位将毽子保持在空中。故填：The rule
of shuttlecock kicking is keeping the shuttlecock in the air by using any part of your
body except your hands.
（4）开放题。我认为踢毽子很好，因为它可以增强体质。故填：I think kicking
shuttlecock is very good，because it can enhance physical fitness.
【点评】做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各
个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，
再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
五、根据中文意思和提示词完成下列句子。（每小题1分，共4分）
19．（1分） 我妈妈上周感冒了。 （catch a cold）
M y mothe r caugh t a col d las t week .
【分析】我妈妈上周感冒了。
【解答】my mother我的妈妈；catch a cold感冒；last week上周；根据句意可知句子
是一般过去时，catch的过去式是caught。
故答案为：My mother caught a cold last week.
【点评】此题考查汉译英，在熟知每个汉语的英语翻译的基础上，根据语法结构，组合
短语或者句子，便可得出正确答案。
20．（1分） 你去过北京动物园吗？ （Beijing Zoo）
Hav e yo u bee n t o Beijin g Zo o ？
【分析】 你去过北京动物园吗？
【解答】根据你去过北京动物园吗？判断句子是一般疑问句，时态是现在完成时，表示
去过使用 have been to，一般疑问句把 have放在句首，首字母大写，主语是 you；
Beijing Zoo北京动物园。
故填：Have you been to Beijing Zoo？
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【点评】熟悉一般疑问句，根据汉语解答即可。
21．（1分） 我来到这个学校两年了。（about 2 years）
I hav e bee n a t thi s schoo l fo r abou t tw o years .
【分析】我来到这个学校两年了。
【解答】根据句意提示"我来到这个学校两年了"，可知本题为肯定句，且为现在完成时。
考虑用I（我）作主语，系动词用现在完成时结构 have been（是），名词短语at this
school（来到这个学校）作表语，介词短语for about two years（两年）作时间状语。
故填：I have been at this school for about two years.
【点评】根据汉语提示填空，先要想出要填的句型，再恰当地运用词汇，方能正确解答。
22．（1分） 我发现坚持运动很难。（find）
I fin d i t difficul t t o insis t o n exercising .
【分析】我发现坚持运动很难。
【解答】根据句意提示"我发现坚持运动很难"，可知本题为肯定句，且为一般现在时。
考虑用固定句型"主语+find+it+adj+to do sth"，意为"某人发现做某事......"。difficult困难
的；insist on exercising坚持运动。
故填：I find it difficult to insist on exercising.
【点评】根据汉语提示填空，先要想出要填的句型，再恰当地运用词汇，方能正确解答。
六、文段表达 （10分）
23．（10分）请根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于 50 词的文段写作。请不要写出你
的校名和姓名。
友谊在我们的成长中至关重要，我们每个人都需要朋友。假如你是李华，请你写一篇英
文演讲稿，内容包括：你的朋友是什么样的人，你们如何成为好朋友的，以及从他/她
身上学到了什么。
提示词语：nice，kind，help，share，care
提示问题：What is your best friend like？
How did you become friends？
What have you learnt from him/her？
My best friend
Good morning，everyone!I'm Li Hua._____
【分析】【高分句型一】
I remember the first day when I came to the new school，I felt very nervous.我记得
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当我来到新学校的第一天，我感到非常紧张。
when引导的时间状语从句。
【高分句型二】
She has shown me how to be a kind and helpful person who brings care and love to
others.她向我展示了如何成为一个善良和乐于助人的人，给别人带来关心和爱。
who引导的定语从句。
【解答】
My best friend
Good morning，everyone!I'm Li Hua.Everyone needs friends.So do I.And I think a
good friend plays a very important role in my growth.（点题）
My best friend is Linda，a tall slim girl with long black hair and big eyes.She
always wears a smile on her face.（我的朋友是什么样的人）I remember the first day
when I came to the new school，I felt very nervous. 【高分句型一】At that moment，
Linda came up to me and said "Hi." Then she introduced each teacher to me and shared
some interesting stories in our class.It made me feel warm and relieved.Since then，we
have been best friends.（怎么成为朋友的）
She has shown me how to be a kind and helpful person who brings care and love
to others. 【高分句型二】（从她身上学到了什么）
【点评】能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语
和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
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