文档内容
北京市西城区 2019--2020 学年度第一学期期末试卷
九年级英语
知识运用
一、单项填空
从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. I have a sister and__________ name is Mary.
A. his B. her C. my D. their
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：我有一个妹妹，她的名字是Mary。
考查形容词性物主代词辨析。his他的；her她的；my我的；their他/她/它们的。结合句意可知，此空表示
“妹妹的名字”，用表示女性的“她的”，并且为单数形式。故选B。
2. We need to finish writing a book review__________ English this weekend.
A. in B. at C. off D. by
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：这周我们需要用英语写成一篇书评。
考查介词辨析。in用某种语言；at在某一时间、空间等；off从……离开；向下；by通过某种方式。根据
介词后宾语English可知，此处表示“用英语”。故选A。
【点睛】表示用工具、手段和材料的介词：
with多指用工具或用身体的某一部位或器官；
by表示使用上的方法、手段；
in指使用某种语言、工具的具体类型等。
3. —__________ do you usually have a haircut, Jim?
— Every three weeks. My hair grows so fast.
A. How much B. How many C. How long D. How often
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——Jim,你通常多久理发一次？——三周一次。我的头发长得很快。
考查特殊疑问句。How much多少钱：How many多少个；How long多长时间；How often多久一次。根据
“Every three weeks.”可知问句是对频率的提问，用How often引导的特殊疑问句。故选D。4. — Linda, __________ you take care of your little sister this afternoon?
— Sure, Mom!
A. must B. need C. can D. should
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——Linda，今天下午你能照顾一下你的妹妹吗？——当然，妈妈。
考查情态动词用法。must必须；need需要；can可以；能够；should应该。结合句意可知，问句表示委婉
地提出想法或请求，用can引导的一般疑问句。故选C。
【点睛】“can”的用法：
表示“能；会”，指脑力或体力方面的“能力”。例如: I can speak English.
表示“可能”,常用于否定句或疑问句中,指某种可能性。例如: Han Mei can’t be in the classroom.
也可以表示客观上的可能性。例如：Teachers can make mistakes.
表示“可以”，常用于口语中，指许可或请求做某事 。例如: Can I have a cup of tea, please?
表示“怀疑”，在表达此意思时，只能用于一般疑问句中，带有感情色彩。
5. I did well in the sports meeting this term__________ I trained hard.
A. because B. so C. when D. if
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：由于我训练努力，我在这学期的运动会上表现出色。
考查连词辨析。because因为；由于；so因此；when当……时；if如果；是否。结合句意可知“ I trained
hard.”是表现出色的原因，因此此句是because引导的原因状语从句。故选A。
6. Supercomputers are thousands of times__________ than ordinary computers.
A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：超级电脑比普通电脑快上千倍。
考查形容词比较级。fast快的，形容词原级；faster形容词比较级；fastest副词最高级；the fastest形容词或
副词最高级。than是形容词比较级的标志，因此此空为形容词的比较级。故选B。
7. Since 2008, China__________ a powerful high-speed railway network.
A. develop B. developed C. has developed D. will develop
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：自从2008年，中国已经发展了一个强大的高速铁路网。考查现在完成时，develop发展，动词原形；developed过去式；has developed现在完成时；will develop一
般将来时。根据时间状语“Since 2008”可知，此句用现在完成时表达某一动作或状态从过去开始，一直延续
至今。故选C。
【点睛】现在完成时的用法：
1、强调不久前完成的动作对现在的影响，常与just、already、yet连用，谓语动词用非延续性动词。如He
has just gone out.
2、强调直到现在为止的生活经历。常与never、ever、once、twice或three times等连用，谓语动词用延续
性动词。如He has never been late for school.
3、表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，一直延续到今，可能刚刚结束，也可能继续下去。常与for、since引
导的状语从句连用，谓语动词用连续性动词。如We have been very busy since the new term began.
8. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer __________ by Mark Twain.
A. writes B. wrote C. will be written D. was written
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：《汤姆·索亚历险记》是马克·吐温写的。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。writes写，第三人称单数形式；wrote过去式；will be written一般将来时的被
动语态；was written一般过去时的被动语态。主语The Adventures of Tom Sawyer与谓语动词write之间是被
动关系，因此用被动语态，作者写书是过去的事情，因此用一般过去时。故选D。
9. — Has Grandma arrived?
— Not yet. She will give us a call as soon as she__________.
A. lands B. landed C. will land D. was landing
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——奶奶已经到了吗？——还没有。她一到就会给我们打电话。
考查时间状语从句。lands到达；着陆，第三人称单数形式；landed过去式；will land一般将来时；was
的
landing过去进行时。此句是as soon as引导 时间状语从句，遵循主将从现的原则，主句一般将来时，
从句用一般现在时。故选A。
10. — Do you have any plans for the coming weekend?
— Yes. I__________ Peking University with my friends.
A. visit B. will visit C. have visited D. was visiting
【答案】B【解析】
【详解】句意：——马上到来的周末你有任何计划吗？——是的。我将跟我的朋友去参观北京大学。
考查一般将来时。visit参观，动词原形；will visit一般将来时；have visited现在完成时；was visiting过去
进行时。根据问句中“the coming weekend”可知是询问将来的事，因此用一般将来时。故选B。
11. I__________ a sweet dream when the alarm clock rang this morning.
A. have B. had C. am having D. was having
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：今天早晨闹钟响的时候我正在做美梦。
考查过去进行时。have有，动词原形；had过去式；am having现在进行时；was having过去进行时。结合
的
句意可知，此句是when引导 时间状语从句，表达闹钟响的时候，正在进行的动作，因此主句用过去
进行时。故选D。
12. — Do you know__________ ?
— At 9 o'clock tomorrow morning.
A. when will the meeting begin B. when did the meeting begin
C. when the meeting will begin D. when the meeting began
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：你知道会议什么时候开始吗？——明天上午九点。
考查宾语从句。问句是一个宾语从句，宾语从句中从句语序应该为陈述句语序，因排除A和B；根据回答
“At 9 o'clock tomorrow morning.”可知询问的应该是将来的事，用一般将来时。故选C。
二、完形填空
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最
佳选项。
Before my trip to the mountains, I used to be a homebody. I felt completely ____13____ spending weeks
or even months—in my hometown or sometimes even on my block—without going anywhere. I could be quite
satisfied by watching the Discovery and National Geographic Channels.The situation ____14____ when one day David, my best friend, rushed into my room and talked me into
joining him on his journey to the Rocky Mountains. We set off five days later.
This was my first time in the mountains. ____15____, the weather was foggy most of the time, and the higher
we got into the mountains, the less clearly we could see. On the first day, we were making our way along the
foothills; but the next day, we started to climb on one of the peaks (山顶). ____16____ it was not that straight
and high, I was still excited. I regularly speeded up, and because of that I ran out of____17____ long before we got
to the top.
When we finally got there, nothing had really changed. The same fog was nearly covering everything. I felt so
disappointed, because I had, during the whole course of climbing, ____18____ to see the view from above and
perhaps to be able to take some photos. We spent a couple of hours on the top, and decided to turn back, when the
wind suddenly ____19____ the clouds, and the place we were standing on was brightened with the sun. I saw a
fantastic panorama (全景图) in front of me, and for some moments I couldn’t believe my eyes. It was so amazing
that I realized I couldn’t help looking forward to the next trip to the mountains.
The next day we returned—my ____20____ started to hurt so badly that I could hardly walk. But every time
I felt an ache, I remembered the feeling of being high above, with my head touching the skies and the clouds
swimming below.
13. A. stressed B. comfortable C. bored D. strange
14. A. changed B. remained C. worsened D. repeated
15. A. Undoubtedly B. Immediately C. Unfortunately D. Unnaturally
16. A. When B. Because C. Since D. Though
17. A. money B. patience C. energy D. time
18. A. expected B. managed C. offered D. learned
19. A. shaped B. joined C. cleared D. thickened
20. A. arms B. legs C. hands D. eyes
【答案】13. B 14. A 15. C 16. D 17. C 18. A 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【分析】短文大意：在作者去旅行爬山之前，作者一个喜欢待在家的人。但是一次爬山经历，改变了作者
的看法。
【13题详解】
句意：我感觉待在我的家乡、有时甚至是我的街区，不去其他地方是十分舒服的。
stressed感到有压力的；comfortable舒服的；bored无聊的；strange奇怪的。根据“…I used to be a
homebody.”可知我当时是一个喜欢待在家的人，因此我觉得不出门十分舒服。故选B。【14题详解】
句意：一天当我最好的朋友David冲进我的屋里，说服我加入他的落基山脉之旅时，这种情况发生了改变。
changed改变；remained保持；worsened恶化；repeated重复。根据“We set off five days later.”可知我和
David去旅行，这改变了我之前待在家里的情况。故选A。
【15题详解】
句意：不幸地是，大多数的天气是多雾的，我们在山上爬的越高，越看不清楚。
Undoubtedly无疑；Immediately立即；Unfortunately不幸地 是；Unnaturally故意地。此空是副词修饰整
个句子，根据“…the weather was foggy most of the time, and the higher we got into the mountains, the less
clearly we could see.”可知天气并不好，因此C选项符合语境。故选C。
【16题详解】
句意：尽管它没有那么直，那么高，我还是很兴奋。
When当……时候；Because因为；Since自从；Though尽管。结合句意可知，此句是though引导的让步状
语从句。故选D。
【17题详解】
句意：我经常加速，因为加速我在到达山顶之前就用光了精力。
money钱；patience耐心；energy精力；time时间。根据“I regularly speeded up…”可推测我到达山顶之前
就用光了精力。故选C。
【18题详解】
句意：我感觉非常失望，因为我期望整个攀登过程中，能在山顶看到美景，可能拍一些照片。
expected盼望；预期；managed管理；offered提供；learned学到。根据“…see the view from above and
perhaps to be able to take some photos.”可推测本来我预期的应该是在山顶能够看到美景，并且拍照，但实际
情况却不能。故选A。
【19题详解】
句意：我们在山顶待了几个小时，决定回去了，然后突然风吹走了云彩，我们站着的地方被阳光照亮了。
shaped成形；joined加入；cleared清除；thickened变厚。根据“…and the place we were standing on was
brightened with the sun.”可知我们站着的地方被照亮了，因此可推测乌云被吹走了。故选C。
【20题详解】
句意：我们回去的第二天，我的腿开始疼得厉害，我都很难走路。
arms胳膊；legs腿；hands手；eyes眼睛。根据上文去爬山的经历，并且作者之前很少外出锻炼，可推测
第二天他的腿会疼。故选B。
阅读理解
三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
A
Animated Feature Film — Oscar Nominees (奥斯卡奖提名) 2019
Incredibles 2
Isle of Dogs
Director: Brad Bird
Director: Wes Anderson
Twenty years in the future, Megasaki is
The superhero family accept tasks to save facing a serious dog flu (流感), so all dogs
the world and themselves. The mom, Helen are sent to Trash Island. A boy, Atari, refuses
Parr, works to fight against bad people. to stop looking for his dog and starts an
Meanwhile, her husband stays at home to adventure to get it back.
manage the household and the kids.
Mirai
Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse
Director: Mamoru Hosoda
Director: Bob Persichetti,
Four-year-old Kun doesn't like the arrival
Peter Ramsey When teenager Miles is
of his baby sister, Mirai. So he hides himself in
bitten by a spider, he gets super powers like
a magic garden, where he travels through time
Spiderman. Then he joins other spider heroes
and meets his late relatives, with the help of
as he fights against the bad people.
Mirai from the future.
21. Incredibles 2 is directed by __________.
A. Brad Bird B. Wes Anderson
C. Mamoru Hosoda D. Bob Persichetti and Peter Ramsey
22. If you want to know about Atari's adventure, you should watch__________.
A. Incredibles 2 B. Isle of Dogs
C. Mirai D. Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse
23. What does Kun do when he hides in a magic garden?
A. He accepts tasks to save the world and himself.
B. He travels through time and meets his late relatives.
C. He joins other spider heroes to fight against bad people.
D. He refuses to stop looking for his dog and tries to get it back.【答案】21. A 22. B 23. B
【解析】
【分析】本文介绍了2019年奥斯卡提名的四部最佳动画片。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Incredibles 2中的“Director: Brad Bird”可知《超人特工队2》的导演是Brad Bird。故选
A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Isle of Dogs中“A boy, Atari, refuses to stop looking for his dog and starts an adventure to get it
back.”可知《犬之岛》介绍了Atari的冒险。故选B。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Mirai中“So he hides himself in a magic garden, where he travels through time and meets his
late relatives…”可知Kun藏在一个魔法花园，然后他穿越时空，见到了他已故的亲人。故选B。
【点睛】细节理解题：
（1）搜寻直接答案：关键词定位法。根据题干的关键信息，在文章中寻找相关的语句，核对题干信息，
得出答案。
（2）搜寻间接答案：转换相关语句法。根据题干中的关键词，在文章中寻找相关段落与句子，并转换为
选项中的表述，核对选项的意义与文章的意义是否一致。
B
A kid hero
“If you could have any three things, what would you want?”
Eleven-year-old Ruby Chitsey loves asking that question, but it's not a game she plays. She asks the seniors
(老年人) at nursing homes in Arkansas where she lives. Even more amazing, she then sets out to make their wishes
come true.
Ruby has long been close to the elders. Her mother has worked in nursing homes for many years. Ruby often
stays with her in summer and asks the seniors if they need anything.
Last May, Ruby noticed an old lady named Pearl staring (凝视) out a window. She seemed sad. “What are you
looking at?” Ruby asked. Pearl said she was watching her dog being led away by his new owner. Ruby asked
around and discovered that the nursing home didn't allow the seniors to have dogs and Pearl couldn't afford to payanyone to look after her dog. Ruby also heard many stories about Pearl's friends there and found that they were
unable to afford life costs. That was when she decided to do something about it.
She started by asking the seniors what three things they wanted most in the world. Her mother worried that
people would ask for cars and other things that an 11-year-old wouldn’t be able to provide. Instead, they asked for
chocolate, fries, and even just pants that fit properly.
“I felt really upset,” Ruby says. “We left the nursing home that day and went straight to a store and bought as
many things as we could.”
Using their own money, Ruby and her mother helped about 100 people in three months. Then, they started
asking for donations (捐款). The good people in Arkansas strongly supported them, so Ruby and her mother set up
a GoFundMe page—Three Wishes for Ruby's Residents. After GoFundMe named Ruby a Kid Hero and spread her
story internationally, Three Wishes raised more than $ 250, 000 in five months. One of Ruby's new goals is to set
up a shared computer in one nursing home in each state.
Ruby doesn't plan to stop there. “I consider kindness to be my hobby,” she says, “and I’m very good at it.”
24. What did Ruby do for the seniors at nursing homes in Arkansas?
A. She offered to look after their dogs.
B. She strongly supported their hobbies.
C. She helped make their wishes come true.
D. She played their favourite games with them.
25. Ruby decided to help the seniors when__________.
A. she started to volunteer at nursing homes
B. her mother asked her for help in summer
C. people named her a Kid Hero on the Internet
D. she learned of the stories of Pearl and her friends
26. According to the passage, which word best describes Ruby?
A. Naughty. B. Humorous. C. Caring. D. Cheerful.
【答案】24. C 25. D 26. C
【解析】
【分析】Ruby的妈妈在一家养老院工作，所以Ruby经常待在养老院。与老人们聊天的过程中，她发现，
养老院的老人没有钱买很多东西，所以她问养老院的老人，他们最想要的三样东西是什么。让人没想到的
是，他们想要的都是一些比较常见的东西，比如巧克力、炸鸡或者合适的裤子。因此她和妈妈在三个月之
内帮助了100多个人。然后Ruby想帮助更多的人，建立网页，筹集善款，然后她帮助了更多的人。
【24题详解】细节理解题。根据“Even more amazing, she then sets out to make their wishes come true.”可知Ruby将老人们
的愿望实现了。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Ruby also heard many stories about Pearl's friends there and found that they were
unable to afford life costs. That was when she decided to do something about it.”可知当Ruby听到很多关于Pearl的
故事，她决定为他们做一些事，然后开始了帮助老人。故选D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。Naughty淘气的；Humorous幽默的；Caring乐于助人的；Cheerful快乐的。本文主要介绍了
Ruby帮助养老院老人实现愿望的事，因此可推测她是一个乐于助人的人。故选C。
C
Old habits, especially bad ones, can be hard to break.
People often make fun of New Year's resolutions (决心). However, resolutions present a big opportunity for
self-improvement. Fortunately, social science has some ideas about how to start a good habit and stick to it.
Gary Charness and Uri Gneezy, two scientists at the University of Chicago, did some research, where 120
students were asked to take part in an experiment about exercise habits, and each of them would get $175 in the
end. The students were randomly assigned (随机分配) to three groups. The first group got the money for just
giving researchers permission (允许) to record their gym attendance. The second group gave permission, but had to
go to the gym at least once the next month. The final group gave permission and had to go to the gym eight times
that month.
Unsurprisingly, the group that had to make eight gym visits to get paid exercised more than the other two
groups. After the payments stopped, these students kept going to the gym at higher rates (频率). They went to the
gym about twice as often as the other two groups.
In another study, researchers invited 151 students to work out in the gym, and randomly assigned 75 to a
“temptation-bundling” group. As they exercised, they listened to the start of an attractive audio-novel (有声小说).
At the end of their workout, students were told that if they wanted to hear what happened next in their book, they
would have to come back to the gym. They could only listen to the audio-book while exercising. The other 76
students also completed the first workout but without any kind of temptation bundle.
It turned out that the students in the temptation-bundling group visited the gym 27% more often than the
control group over the next seven weeks. Sadly, the temptation-bundling trick fell apart over the Thanksgiving
holiday when the gym was closed.
The studies show that trying something new quite often for as little as a month can kick-start a lasting change
in behavior. Moreover, “temptation-bundling” may also be a useful method for changing behavior, particularlywhen used together with other methods. Even if you cannot promise yourself to stick with something for long, there
is a huge benefit in putting in a lot of energy for a few weeks. It may pay off for longer than you think. So, why not
challenge yourself with next New Year's resolution?
27. What can we learn from the two studies?
A. The students got different payments according to their gym attendance.
B. The temptation-bundling group loved audio-novels more than the other group.
C. 27% of students in the temptation-bundling group exercised more often than before.
D. The students who exercised more often at first were more likely to keep working out.
28. The third paragraph is mainly about __________.
A. how the research was performed B. what was found in the research
C. why the scientists did the research D. who took part in the research
29. The underlined word “temptation-bundling” in Paragraph 5 probably means __________.
A. forming new habits by trying something you didn't like before
B. connecting something you like with something you have to do
C. improving your workout skills by listening to audio-books
D. pushing yourself by doing two tasks at the same time
30. What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage?
A. To encourage people to go to the gym more often.
B. To present a new way to do scientific research.
C. To offer advice on how to develop a good habit.
D. To stress the importance of New Year's resolutions.
【答案】27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C
【解析】
【分析】俗话说“旧习难改”，本文介绍了科学家们做的两个实验，告诉我们习惯是可以改变的，只要你用
对的方法并坚持。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。第一个实验“After the payments stopped, these students kept going to the gym at higher rates (频
率).”可知那些经常去健身房的，实验结束后去健身房的次数更多，第二个实验“It turned out that the students
in the temptation-bundling group visited the gym 27% more often than the control group over the next seven
weeks.”中由于听小说去的次数多的人，比去的少的更容易坚持。故选D。
【28题详解】
主旨大意题。第三段主要介绍了这个实验的具体分组，以及每组怎样做，因此A选项符合主旨。故选A。
【29题详解】推理判断题。根据“As they exercised, they listened to the start of an attractive audio-novel (有声小说). At the end
of their workout, students were told that if they wanted to hear what happened next in their book, they would have to
come back to the gym.”可知temptation-bundling这组人在健身房可以听小说，然后他如果想要继续听，下次
就还要来健身房，因此与B选项“把你想做的事和不得不做的事联系到一起”相符合。故选B。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句话“Fortunately, social science has some ideas about how to start a good habit
and stick to it.”可知本文介绍的两个实验主要是关于如何开始一个习惯并坚持。因此本文主要是介绍形成习
惯的建议。故选C。
D
Taking a gap year after high school is getting more popular among young adults each year. According to the
American Gap Year Association (AGA), a gap year is often a year-long break taken between high school and
college. AGA stresses that a gap year is a year on, rather than a year off, to oppose the belief that students are taking
this time off as a vacation from schooling.
Gap years offer an opportunity for experiential learning. They allow you to leave the classroom and learn new
skills and ideas through doing something. You might find yourself in completely new situations that call for special
problem-solving skills. Moreover, many students go through twelve years of schooling in the same place with the
same group of people. By taking a gap year, they can step out of their comfort zone (区域) and into an entirely new
culture. Just like gaining new experiences on a gap year, they can also meet new people of all different ages and
walks of life. Finally, a gap year can also be a great way to get yourself recharged (重新充电). Instead of
immediately jumping into the next four years of your education, you can take a break from the classroom and focus
on your personal interests and passions. Many top universities encourage accepted students to take a gap year
before starting college.
However, before you get too excited about the idea of taking a gap year, you should also know about possible
drawbacks. If you take a gap year, you could fall a year behind your peers (同伴). To catch up, you have to come
up with a plan to graduate in three years. For the most part, studies show that students who take a gap year find
themselves more driven when they arrive at college. However, you might find it difficult to return to an educational
environment after taking a year away from the classroom.
,
There is no set time-line for your education and going straight from high school to college definitely isn't
for everyone. For me personally, I still benefit from my gap year experience traveling in European countries. Cap
years can take a number of forms, and they require a good deal of intention and planning. So if you have a will-
thought-out plan for taking a gap year, then you should feel confident in your decision. Taking a meaningful gapyear could be one of the best life experiences you ever have!
31. According to the passage, by taking a gap year, students can __________.
A. become more popular among their friends
B. catch with their peers at study in college
C. build a stronger relationship between learning and doing
D. realize the importance of staying in their comfortable zone
32. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Students should be encouraged to have a time off for a vacation after high school.
B. Colleges should require students to spend their gap year traveling in Europe.
C. It's better to recharge yourself by going straight from high school to college.
D. A gap year provides students with an opportunity for personal growth.
33. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. Take a gap year on
B. Gap years: a perfect holiday
C. The risk of taking a gap year
D. How to take a meaningful gap year
【答案】31. C 32. D 33. A
【解析】
【分析】间隔年就是在高中和大学期间，有一年的时间，学生们可以做自己想做的事情。但是间隔年既有
优点又有缺点，学生们需要根据自己的情况决定是否选择间隔年。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Gap years offer an opportunity for experiential learning. They allow you to leave the classroom
and learn new skills and ideas through doing something.”可知间隔年能够提供一个体验学习的机会，通过做一
些事来学习新的技能和想法。C选项意为“学生能够在学习和做事方面建立很强的联系”，即把学习付诸于
实践，最符合作者的想法。故选C。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Finally, a gap year can also be a great way to get yourself recharged (重新充电).”可知间隔年
是让自己充电的方法，因此是一个自我成长的过程。故选D。
【33题详解】
最佳标题。本文第一段介绍间隔年，第二段介绍优点，第三段介绍缺点，第四段是作者的看法，A选项意
为“选择间隔年”，更符合文章大意。故选A。
四、阅读短文,根据短文内容回答问题。What do you say when you pick up the phone?
You say “hello”, of course.
What do you say when someone introduces a friend, a relative, anybody at all?
You say “hello”.
“Hello” has been for a long time considered to be the standard English language greeting since English people
began greeting. But is that true?
It may be the most spoken word on the planet and the English word that most people learn first. The word is so
familiar to us that it's surprising how new it is: “hello” has only been in use for about the last 200 years of the 1000-
year history of English.
The Oxford English Dictionary says the first published use of “hello” goes back only to 1827. But it wasn't
mainly a greeting back then. People in the 1830s said “hello” to attract attention (“Hello, what do you think you're
doing?”), or to express surprise (“Hello, what do we have here?”).
But the true breakthrough for this now-common word was when it was used in the service of brand-new
technology: the telephone. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, it was Thomas Edison who put “hello” into
common usage. He asked the people who used his phone to say “hello” when answering—which required people to
address an unseen and unknown person. It was simpler and more efficient (高效的) than some other greetings used
in the early days of the telephone, such as “Do I get you?” and “Are you there?” However, the actual inventor of
the telephone, Alexander Graham Bell, thought that the better word was “ahoy”, which turns out to be much longer
—at least 100 years longer—than “hello”. It too, was a greeting from the Dutch (荷兰语) “hoi” meaning “hello.”
For his entire life, Bell insisted on answering the phone with “Ahoy.”
“Hello” obviously caught on, and spread along with the telephone. Had it not been for Edison, our greetings
might be very different today. It could be possible that we are still greeting people with “Ahoy” when picking up
the phone.
34. How long has “hello” been used in the 1000-year history of the English language?
_____________________________________________________________________35. What was the purpose of people saying “hello” in the 1830s?
_____________________________________________________________________
36. Who put “hello” into common usage?
_____________________________________________________________________
37. What word did Bell prefer to use when answering the phone?
_____________________________________________________________________
38. What is the passage mainly about?
_____________________________________________________________________
【答案】34. For about 200 years.
35. To attract attention or to express surprise.
36. Thomas Edison.
37. Ahoy. 38. The history of using “hello” as greetings.
【解析】
【分析】长时间以来“你好”一直用于标准英语的问候，但是最开始，“你好”是用来引起注意的或表达惊讶。
但是直到发明了电话，“你好”才成为常用语。本文介绍了“你好”作为问候的历史。
【34题详解】
根据“‘hello’ has only been in use for about the last 200 years of the 1000-year history of English.”可知在英语的
1000年历史里“你好”在最后的200年左右被使用。故答案为For about 200 years.
【35题详解】
根据“People in the 1830s said ‘hello’ to attract attention (‘Hello, what do you think you're doing? ’), or to express
surprise (‘Hello, what do we have here? ’).”可知当时的人们说“你好”是为了引起注意或者表达惊讶。在故答案
为To attract attention or to express surprise.
【36题详解】
根据“According to the Oxford English Dictionary, it was Thomas Edison who put “hello” into common usage.”可
知，牛津词典中写道，托马斯·爱迪生把“你好”用作常用语。故答案为Thomas Edison.
【37题详解】
根据“…Alexander Graham Bell, thought that the better word was ‘ahoy’…”可知Bell更习惯用“ahoy”应答电话。
故答案为Ahoy.
【38题详解】
本文第五段“‘Hello’ has been for a long time considered to be the standard English language greeting since English
people began greeting. But is that true?”引出下文，介绍Hello最开始用于表达惊讶或引起注意，然后电话的发
明开始，才用于问候，因此本文主要介绍“hello”作为问候的历史。故答案为The history of using “hello” asgreetings.
书面表达
五、文段表达
从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中
已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
39.
题目①
假如你是李华，你们班正在开展“好书伴我成长”的读书分享活动。活动要求班里的每一位同学做发言展示，
向大家介绍自己最喜欢的一本书。你们班交换生Peter 给你发邮件询问相关事情。请用英语回复一封邮件，
告诉他展示的时间，并就如何做好展示给予他一些建议。
提示词语: great, reasons, writer, characters, pictures, confident
提示问题:
When should you do the presentation?
What would you like to share with Peter about preparing the presentation?
Dear Peter,
I'm glad to receive your
email.______________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________ _
If there is anything more that I can help with, please let me know.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】例文
Dear Peter,
I’m glad to receive your email. I’m writing to let you know that you should do a presentation at our class
meeting next Friday afternoon.
In the presentation, you are supposed to introduce a book that has greatly influenced you. First, you can give a
brief introduction of the book. You can also add some background information, such as who the writer is and when
it was written. Then, you can introduce your favorite character or the most exciting part of the book. At last, you
should state how it has influenced you.To make your presentation more impressive, a good PPT may help. Some key words and related pictures are
necessary. I’m sure you’ll do a great job and I’m looking forward to your presentation.
If there is anything more that I can help with, please let me know.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【详解】1. 题目解读：本文是一篇信件作文，结合提示问题可知，短文主要包括介绍展示的时间、展示内
容以及就如何做好展示给予他一些建议。开头结尾已给出，主语应该为第二人称，时态为一般现在时。
2. 例文点评：本文题材是说明文，开头引出主题并介绍展示时间，第二段介绍展示内容，第三段是作者就
展示给出的建议，结尾表示自己愿意提供帮助。分段明确，要点包括齐全，大量应用短语、被动语态、非
谓语动词及从句，并且连词使用得当，是一篇优秀的作文。
3. 高分亮点：
短语：be supposed to；give a brief introduction；such as；
句型：At last, you should state how it has influenced you.；To make your presentation more impressive, a good
PPT may help.；I’m sure you’ll do a great job and I’m looking forward to your presentation.
40. 题目②
某中学生英文报正在开展以“做时间的主人”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，
谈谈生活中你是如何合理安排时间的，以及合理安排时间给你带来的益处。
提示词语: goal, tasks, plan, organize, cheek, spend, habit, improve, success
提示问题:
•What did you do to manage time well?
•What benefits have you got from doing so?
Time management plays an important role in our
life._________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
______________
【答案】例文Time management plays an important role in our life. It’s necessary for everyone to learn how to manage time
well.
I’ve tried different ways to manage my time well since entering middle school. Before I began a day, I would
think about my goals and make a list of things I needed to do. Then, I organized my to-do list to make an effective
plan for the day. I always spent time doing important tasks first and took advantage of my downtime.
By managing my time well, I’ve benefited a lot I’ve always managed to finish my homework on time and still
have time to review and relax. Time management allows me to get the most out of each day and has helped me
become successful in various areas of my life.
【解析】
【详解】1. 题目解读：本文是一篇话题作文，要求以“做时间的主人”为主题写一篇征文。根据提示可知，
本文人称为第一人称，题材为说明文。文章需要包括如何合理安排时间的，以及合理安排时间给你带来的
益处。
2. 例文点评：本文是三段式写法，开头引出主题，第二段介绍如何利用时间，第三段介绍带来的益处。描
述过去的事时态为一般过去时，时态使用得当。在叙述时，避免汉语式英语，语言表达符合英语习惯，准
确运用时态、句型等，句意叙述完整且条理清晰，语句通顺，语义连贯。
3. 高分亮点：
短语：think about；need to do；spend time doing；take advantage fo；manage to do sth.；on time；allow to do
sth.。
句型：I’ve tried different ways to manage my time well since entering middle school.；I always spent time doing
important tasks first and took advantage of my downtime.；By managing my time well, I’ve benefited a lot I’ve
always managed to finish my homework on time and still have time to review and relax.
