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【动词时态】
一、定义：
动词时态是用来表示动作发生的时间和状态的语法形式。通过不同的时态，我们可以明确一个动作
是发生在过去、现在还是将来，是正在进行、已经完成还是一直持续等。
例如，“I play football every day.” （一般现在时，表示经常发生的动作），
“I played football yesterday.” （一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作）。
二、温馨提醒：
1. 注意时间状语：不同的时态往往需要特定的时间状语来配合。
例句：“last week”常与一般过去时连用，如“He visited his grandparents last week.” （他上周
看望了他的祖父母。）
2. 理解动作的时间特征：要清楚动作是发生在过去、现在还是将来，是短暂的、持续的还是习惯性
的。
例句：一般现在时表示习惯性动作，如“She always gets up early.” （她总是早起。）
3. 主谓一致：在使用进行时态和完成时态时，要注意助动词 be 和 have 的形式要根据主语的人称
和数进行变化。
例句：“You are doing your homework.” （你正在做作业。）
4. 动词形式的变化：不同时态中动词会有不同的形式，如过去式、过去分词、现在分词等，要准确
记忆和使用。
例句：过去完成时中要用过去分词，“By the time I got there, they had left.” （我到那儿的时候，
他们已经走了。）
练习题：单项选择50题(真题+模拟+日常练习)
10 道与初中动词时态相关的中考真题： C. are singing
1. （2024·河北·中考真题）I’m expecting a friend. 4. （ 2024· 甘 肃 省 临 夏 州 · 中 考 真 题 ） Mr.
I’m afraid I________later. Green________China for five years.
A. order B. ordered A. has been to B. has gone to
C. was ordering D. will order C. has been in D. has come to
2. （2024·河北·中考真题）Jenny is an early bird. 5. （2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）Linda prefers
She________at 6:00 in the morning. musicians who________different kinds of music.
A. gets up B. got up A. play B. plays
C. will get up D. has got up C. was playing D. is playing
3. （ 2024· 广 西 · 中 考 真 题 ） Listen! The
birds________in the tree now.
6. （2024·四川遂宁市·中考真题）—Tim, what
A. sing B. sang were you doing when I called you?
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— I________bicycle with my sister. A. studied; didn't have B. was studying; didn't have
A. was cutting up B. am making up C. studied; had D. was studying; had
C. am picking up D. was fixing up 3. （2024•山西太原•模拟）The teacher told us
7. （2024·天津·中考真题）—Jane and I_________a that the earth________around the sun and
picnic this Sunday. Would you like to come with us? we________that many times.
Sure. See you then. A. moves; have learned B. moved; learned
A. had B. have had C. is moving; have learned D. moves; learned
C. were having D. are going to have 4. （2024•湖北武汉•模拟）If it________rainy
8. （2024·云南省·中考真题）—Helen, I didn’t see tomorrow, we________for a picnic in the park.
you in the classroom at five yesterday afternoon. A. isn't; will go B. won't be; go
—Oh, I________singing for the graduation C. doesn't be; will go D. isn't; go
ceremony at that time. 5. （ 2024• 广 东 深 圳 • 模 拟 ） — How
A. will practice B. have practiced long________your brother________this camera?
C. am practicing D. was practicing —For two years.
9. （2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）I saw Harry in A. has; bought B. has; had
February and I________him since then. C. did; buy D. does; buy
A. didn’t see B. won’t see 6. （2024•江西南昌•模拟）My father________in
C. haven’t seen D. don’t see this factory since he________from college.
10. （ 2023· 湖 北 十 堰 · 中 考 真 题 ） Mr. A. has worked; graduated
Smith________at the Natural History Museum for B. worked; graduated
more than 10 years, so he knows a lot about insects. C. has worked; has graduated
A. is working B. has worked D. worked; has graduated
C. was working D. will work 7. （ 2023• 四 川 成 都 • 模 拟 ） The
10 道与初中动词时态相关的中考模拟： students________a wonderful party at the moment
1. （2024•浙江杭州•模拟）The little boy has been and they________a lot of fun.
looking forward to going to the zoo for a long time A. are having; are having
and his parents________there with him next B. had; had
weekend. C. have; have
A. will go B. went D. were having; were having
C. have gone D. go
8.（2023•济南•模拟）—________you________to
2. （2024•河南郑州•模拟）I was very busy last the Great Wall before?
week because I________for the final exam and —Yes, I________there last year.
A. Have; been; went B. Did; go; went
I________any time to relax.
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C. Have; gone; have gone D. Did; go; have gone C. are going D. will go
9. （ 2023• 重 庆 • 模 拟 ） The famous 7. Tom ____ reading very much.
writer________several books in the past few years A. like B. likes
and they________very popular. C. liked D. will like
A. wrote; are B. has written; are 8. They ____ a big house.
C. wrote; were D. has written; were A. have B. has
10. （2023•甘肃兰州•模拟）The population of our C. had D. will have
9. My mother ____ dinner every day.
city________rapidly in the past few years and
A. cook B. cooks
it________still________now.
C. cooked D. is cooking
A. has grown; is; growing
10. The girls ____ and dance happily.
B. grew; was; growing
A. sing B. sang
C. grew; is; growing
C. are singing D. have sung
D. has grown; was; growing
二、中等
30 道与初中动词时态相关的日常练习题•：
11. The Smiths ____ dinner when I called them last
一、简单
night.
1. My sister usually ____ her homework at 7:00 in the
A. were having B. had
evening.
C. have had D. are having
A. do B. does
12. If it ____ fine tomorrow, we'll go to the park.
C. did D. is doing
A. is B. was
2. Look! The boys ____ football on the playground.
C. will be D. has been
A. play B. played
13. ---Where is your father?
C. are playing D. were playing
---He ____ to Shanghai on business.
3. He ____ to Beijing twice.
A. has been B. has gone
A. has gone B. has been
C. went D. will go
C. went D. goes
14. I ____ this book for two weeks. I must return it to
4. I ____ my keys. I can't find them.
the library.
A. lose B. lost
C. was losing D. have lost
A. have borrowed B. borrowed
C. have kept D. kept
5. She ____ English for five years.
15. The teacher told us that light ____ faster than
A. learns B. learned
C. has learned D. will learn sound.
6. We often ____ to school by bike. A. travels B. traveled
A. go B. went C. will travel D. has traveled
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16. Mary ____ her homework when I saw her. C. will miss D. have missed
A. will do B. did 24. The population of the world ____ still ____ now.
C. has done D. was doing A. was; growing B. has; grown
17. They ____ each other for three years. C. will; grow D. is; growing
A. knew B. have known 25. I don't know if he ____ tomorrow. If he ____, I'll
C. know D. will know call you.
18. Tom ____ back in two days. A. will come; comes B. comes; will come
A. will come B. came C. comes; comes D. will come; will come
C. comes D. is coming 26. ---Could you tell me when Mr. Li ____ in
19. I ____ never read such an interesting book before. Huanggang?
A. reads B. read ---Sure. When he ____, I'll call you.
C. have read D. will read A. arrives; arrives B. will arrive; arrives
20. She ____ ill for a week. C. arrives; will arrive D. will arrive; will arrive
A. will be B. was 27. The 24th Winter Olympic Games ____ in Beijing
C. is D. has been
and Zhangjiakou in 2022.
三、较难
A. is held B. was held
21. By the time I got to the cinema, the film ____ for
C. will be held D. has been held
ten minutes.
28. We ____ a party for Kate. It's supposed to be a
A. had begun B. had been on
surprise.
C. has begun D. has been on
A. were having B. had
22. Great changes ____ in my hometown in the past
C. have had D. will have
few years.
29. ---Have you ever been to Singapore?
A. took place B. were taken place
---Yes. I ____ there last year with my parents.
C. have taken place D. have been taken place
A. go B. went
C. have gone D. was going
23. ---I'm sorry I ____ your lecture yesterday.
30. The old man ____ in this city for about fifty years.
---It doesn't matter. I'll tell you about it.
A. lives B. lived
A. missed B. miss
C. has lived D. will live
答案及解析：
**中考真题**
1. D。“I’m afraid I...”表明是将来的动作，用一般将来时，will + 动词原形，所以选 D。
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2. A。“Jenny is an early bird.”表明是一般现在时，主语是 she，动词用第三人称单数形式，get up 的
第三人称单数是 gets up，选 A。
3. C。“Listen!”表明是现在进行时，结构是“be + 动词的现在分词”，birds 是复数，be 动词用
are，sing 的现在分词是 singing，选 C。
4. C。“for five years”是一段时间，要用现在完成时，has been to 表示去过某地已回来；has gone to
表示去了某地未回来；has been in 表示在某地待了一段时间，选 C。
5. A。先行词 musicians 是复数，定语从句中谓语动词用复数形式，一般现在时，play 用原形，选
A。
6. D。问句是过去进行时，回答也要用过去进行时，was/were + 动词的现在分词，fix up 表示修理，fix
的现在分词是 fixing，选 D。
7. D。“this Sunday”表示将来的时间，用一般将来时，be going to do 表示计划、打算做某事，选 D。
8. D。“at that time”表明是过去进行时，was/were + 动词的现在分词，主语是 I，be 动词用 was，
practice 的现在分词是 practicing，选 D。
9. C。“since then”是现在完成时的标志词，结构是“have/has + 过去分词”，否定形式是
haven't/hasn't + 过去分词，see 的过去分词是 seen，选 C。
10. B。“for more than 10 years”是现在完成时的标志词，结构是“have/has + 过去分词”，work 的过
去分词是 worked，选 B。
**中考模拟**
1. A。“next weekend”是将来的时间，用一般将来时，will + 动词原形，选 A。
2. B。“last week”表明是过去的时间，“I was very busy”说明当时正在学习，用过去进行时，否定句中
用 didn't have 表示没有时间，选 B。
3. A。“the earth moves around the sun”是客观事实，用一般现在时，“we have learned...”表示我们已
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经知道，用现在完成时，选 A。
4. A。if 引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，rainy 是形容词，前面用
isn't，选 A。
5. B。“How long”询问时间段，要用现在完成时，buy 是瞬间动词，不能与时间段连用，要用 have
had，选 B。
6. A。“since”引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时，graduate 的过去式是
graduated，选 A。
7. A。“at the moment”表明是现在进行时，两个句子都用现在进行时，结构是“be + 动词的现在分
词”，选 A。
8. A。“before”是现在完成时的标志词，have been to 表示去过某地；last year 是一般过去时的标志词，
go 的过去式是 went，选 A。
9. B。“in the past few years”是现在完成时的标志词，write 的过去分词是 written，“they are very
popular”是一般现在时，选 B。
10. A。“in the past few years”是现在完成时的标志词，grow 的过去分词是 grown，“now”表明现在
还在增长，用现在进行时，选 A。
**日常练习题**
**一、简单**
1. B。My sister usually 是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词要用第三人称单数形式，do 的第三
人称单数形式是 does。
2. C。Look! 表明是现在进行时，结构是“be + 动词的现在分词”，boys 是复数，be 动词用 are，
play 的现在分词是 playing。
3. B。“twice”表明是现在完成时，has been to 表示去过某地已回来，has gone to 表示去了某地未回
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来，选 B。
4. D。“I can't find them.”表明已经丢了钥匙，用现在完成时，lose 的过去分词是 lost。
5. C。“for five years”是一段时间，要用现在完成时，结构是“have/has + 过去分词”，learn 的过去
分词是 learned。
6. A。We often 是一般现在时，动词用原形。
7. B。Tom 是第三人称单数，动词用第三人称单数形式，like 的第三人称单数是 likes。
8. A。They 是复数，一般现在时动词用原形。
9. B。My mother 是第三人称单数，一般现在时动词用第三人称单数形式，cook 的第三人称单数是
cooks。
10. A。and 连接并列成分，dance 是原形，sing 也用原形。
**二、中等**
11. A。“when I called them last night”表明是过去进行时，The Smiths 是复数，be 动词用 were，have
的现在分词是 having。
12. A。If 引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，it 是第三人称单数，be 动
词用 is。
13. B。“on business”表明是去了上海还没回来，用 has gone to。
14. C。“for two weeks”是一段时间，borrow 是瞬间动词，不能与一段时间连用，要用 keep，keep 的
过去分词是 kept，现在完成时结构是“have/has + 过去分词”。
15. A。“light travels faster than sound”是客观真理，用一般现在时，travel 用第三人称单数形式
travels。
16. D。“when I saw her”表明是过去进行时，was/were + 动词的现在分词，do 的现在分词是 doing。
17. B。“for three years”是一段时间，用现在完成时，结构是“have/has + 过去分词”，know 的过去
分词是 known。
18. A。“in two days”表明是一般将来时，will + 动词原形。
19. C。“never...before”是现在完成时的标志词，结构是“have/has + 过去分词”，read 的过去分词是
read。
20. D。“for a week”是一段时间，用现在完成时，be ill 表示生病，be 的过去分词是 been。
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**三、较难**
21. B。“By the time I got to the cinema”表明是过去完成时，begin 是瞬间动词，不能与一段时间连用，
要用 be on，be 的过去分词是 been。
22. C。“in the past few years”是现在完成时的标志词，take place 没有被动语态，用主动形式，
have/has + 过去分词，take 的过去分词是 taken。
23. A。“yesterday”表明是一般过去时，miss 的过去式是 missed。
24. D。“now”表明是现在进行时，population 作主语，谓语动词用单数形式，is growing 表示正在增
长。
25. A。第一个 if 表示是否，引导宾语从句，tomorrow 表明用一般将来时；第二个 if 表示如果，引
导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，comes 是一般现在时。
26. B。第一个 when 表示什么时候，引导宾语从句，用一般将来时；第二个 when 表示当......时候，
引导时间状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，arrives 是一般现在时。
27. C。“in 2022”表明是一般将来时，冬奥会被举办，用被动语态，will be + 过去分词，hold 的过去
分词是 held。
28. D。“It's supposed to be a surprise.”表明还没举办派对，用一般将来时，will + 动词原形。
29. B。“last year”是一般过去时的标志词，go 的过去式是 went。
30. C。“for about fifty years”是一段时间，用现在完成时，live 的过去分词是 lived。
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