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考点：非谓语动词
1、技法巧图解
2. 高考真题体验
1、（2022年全国高考乙卷）_________ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the
event included a number of public promotional activities on social media.___ ___ (invite) twenty-
nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live
broadcasts.2、（2022年全国高考乙卷）It can help to build a community with a ______ (share) future for
mankind,” he said.
3、（2022年全国高考甲卷）A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40
days to Xi’an, as a first step ______ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
4、（2022年全国高考甲卷）Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation
______ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the
ancient Silk Road.
5、（2022年全国高考甲卷）He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20,
________ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
6、（2022年全国新高考I卷）The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a
Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). ______ (cover)an area about three times the size of
Yellowstone National Park,
7、（2022年全国新高考I卷）bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas
under one authority ______ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
8、（2022年全国新高考II卷）Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When
he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one
hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ______ (fall)
child.
9、（2022年全国新高考II卷）Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing
outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ______ (see) them.
10、（2021年新高考八省联考）Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over
（plant）flowers in the front yard.
11、（2021年全国高考甲卷）It is possible (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
12、（2021年全国高考甲卷）After (spend) some time looking at all the defensive
equipment at the wall,
13、（2021年全国高考乙卷）·Minimize the impact of (visit)the place.
14、（2021年全国高考乙卷）Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular
for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity activities there range from whale watching to
hiking(远足)and accommodations aim (have) a low impact on the natural environment.
15、（2021年浙江高考1）Tn 1985，urban men and women in more than three quarters of the
countries ． (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.
16、（2021年浙江高考1）This may be due to some disadvantages for people (live) in
the countryside,
17、（2019·新课标I卷）Modem methods ___of__ tracking polar bear populations have been
employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___64___ (perform) consistently over alarge area.
18、（2019·新课标I卷）Scientists have responded by ___67___ (note) that hungry bears
may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements,…
19、（2019·新课标II卷）A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for ___61___
(be)Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week.
20、（2019·新课标II卷）Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene
___declared__(declare) she had no plans ___65___ (retire) from her 36-year-old business.
21、（2019·新课标II卷）When we got a call ___68___ (say)she was short-listed，we thought
it was ___a__ joke.
22、（2019·新课标III卷）On our way to the house，it was raining ___so__ hard that we
couldn't help wondering how long it would take ___62___ (get)there.
23 、 （ 2019· 新 课 标 III 卷 ） On the last day of our week-long stay ， we _were
invited__(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the
stars，___70___ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
24、（2019·浙江卷）When the children are walking or ___59___ (cycle) to school on dark
mornings,…
25、（2019·浙江卷）But some students didn't want ___63___ (wear) the uniform.
26、（2019·北京卷）Nervously ___2___ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to
_myself_(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.
27、（2019·北京卷）Earth Day，___4___(mark)on 22 April，is an annual event aiming to
raise public awareness about environmental protection.
28、（2018·新课标I卷）You don’t have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You
may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.
29、（2018·新课标II卷）Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to
grow corn instead of rice ___64___ (improve) water quality.
30、（2018·新课标III卷）I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid
____64____(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel____65____(challenge).
31、（2018·浙江卷）I still remember 59 (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years
and I was shocked (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
3、应试指南
语法填空解题策略
1. 巧记三种非谓语动词作状语的基本区别
(1)若非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是主动关系, 且正在进行, 要想到用现在分词形式
(doing);(2)若非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是被动关系, 且表完成, 要想到用过去分词形式(done);
(3)若非谓语动词表将来的动作, 作状语表示目的, 在喜怒哀乐的形容词后作原因或意料
之外的结果等, 要想到用不定式形式(to do)。
2. 掌握非谓语动词的句型公式
It’s+形容词+(for/of sb. +)to do sth. ;It’s no good/use/pleasure doing sth.
;find/think/believe/consider+it+ adj. +to do sth. 。
3. 牢记用动名词或不定式作宾语的动词
4. 巧辨谓语动词和非谓语动词
(1)一个句子无论是主句还是从句, 必须要有谓语, 一般空格所在的句子中无其他动词, 则填
谓语动词。谓语动词要考虑时态语态主谓一致等;
(2)若句中找到了谓语动词, 而又找不到连词(并列连词或从句连词)时, 则所给动词一定用作
非谓语动词。非谓语动词需要确定是-ing 形式、过去分词形式还是不定式。
4、高考考点透析
重点一 非谓语动词作主语、表语和宾语★★★★★
1.非谓语动词中能作主语的有动名词和不定式
(1)、动名词作主语表示一般的、抽象的或习惯性的动作，不定式作主语表示具体的、一次
性的或尚未做的动作。
(2)、it作形式主语，代替真正作主语的动词不定式或动名词。常见句型有：It is/was no
use/good doing sth.; It is/was useless doing sth.; It's a waste of time doing sth.; It's＋adj.＋for/of
sb.＋to do sth.等。
2．非谓语动词中能作表语的有现在分词、过去分词、动名词和不定式。
注意现在分词作表语，意为“令人感到……的”，而过去分词作表语，意为“本身感
到……的”。
3．非谓语动词中能作宾语的有动名词和不定式
(1)、只能跟不定式作宾语的动词和短语：beg, offer, wish, hope, decide, refuse, promise,
pretend, manage, want, plan, fail, choose, would like等。
(2)、只能跟动名词作宾语的动词和短语：suggest, imagine, mind, admit, practise, risk, keep,
keep on, avoid, escape, enjoy, consider, finish, miss, insist on, look forward to, feel like, get down
to, object to等。
重点二 非谓语动词作定语★★★★★
考点 1 不定式作定语
用法 好句
不定式to do作定语表示将来的动 The problem to be discussed at the meeting is very
important.
作；不定式to be done作定语表将来、被动的动作。 会上将要讨论的问题非常重要。
不定式修饰序数词、最高级或no, He is always the first to arrive at the school and the
all, any等限定的中心词，且与中心 last to leave the school.
词为逻辑上的主动关系。 他总是第一个到校，最后一个离校。
被修饰词是抽象名词时，常用不定
The ability to express an idea is as important as the
式作定语。该类名词有：ability,
idea itself.
chance, idea, hope, wish, fact,
表达观点的能力与观点本身同等重要。
promise, attempt, way等。
考点 2 分词作定语
1．及物动词分词形式作定语
形式 用法 好句
被修饰的名词与非谓语动词
I have never seen a more moving movie.
v.ing 为逻辑上的主动关系，v.ing
我从未看过更动人的电影了。
形式表示被修饰词的特征。
被修饰的名词与非谓语动词
The houses being built are for the teachers.
being done 为被动关系且表示动作正在
正在建的那些房子是为老师们建的。
进行。
“Things lost never come again！” I couldn't
被修饰的名词与非谓语动词
help talking to myself.
done 为被动关系，表示动作已经
我不禁自言自语道：“失去的东西不会再
完成或表状态。
来！”
2.不及物动词分词形式作定语
形式 用法 示例
表示动作
v.ing
正在进行
过去 表示动作
分词 已经完成
重点三 非谓语动词作状语★★★★★
考点 1 不定式作状语
用法 好句作目的状语，有时不定式前可加
The bus stopped so as to pick up passengers.
in order 或so as，但so as to 不能
公共汽车停下来搭载乘客。
用于句首。
We hurried to the station, only to be told that the train
作结果状语，常用于：only to do,
had left.
enough to do, too ... to do, so/such ...
我们急匆匆地赶到车站，结果被告知火车已经开走
to do。
了。
作原因状语，表示喜、怒、哀、
You will never know how happy I was to see her
乐等情绪的形容词，如anxious,
yesterday.
happy, frightened, surprised 等，后
你永远不会知道我昨天见到她有多高兴。
接不定式作状语，表原因。
在“主语＋系动词＋形容词＋to
do”结构中，不定式的主动形式表
The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very
被动意义。该结构中常用的形容
comfortable to sit on.
词有： easy, hard, important,
这把椅子看上去很硬，但实际上坐上去很舒服。
impossible, interesting, pleasant
等。
考点 2 分词作状语
分词作状语时，其逻辑主语是句子的主语，一般在句中作时间、原因、结果、方式、
条件、伴随、让步等状语。
用法 好句
More highways have been built in China, making it much
动词ing形式作状语，与句子主 easier for people to travel from one place to another.
语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系。 中国已经修建了更多的公路，这让人们的出行变得更容
易。(作结果状语)
过去分词作状语，分词与句子主 Used with care, one tin will last for six weeks.
语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。 如果小心使用，一罐可以用六个星期。(作条件状语)
[提示]
1、某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化，这些过去分词既不表示被动，也不表示完成，而表
示一种状态，如lost (迷路的), seated (坐着的), hidden (隐瞒的), lost/absorbed in (沉溺于),
dressed in (穿着……的), tired of (对……感到厌倦的)等。
Absorbed in the book, he didn't notice me enter the room.
完全被这本书所吸引，他没有注意到我进入房间。2、独立成分作状语，其形式不受上下文的影响。常用的有considering ... (鉴于；考虑到),
generally speaking(总的来说), judging by/from ... (从……来看；依据……来判断), supposing
that ... (假定……), providing that ... (假定……), owing to ... (由于……), talking/speaking of ...
(谈及……), given ... (考虑到……), provided that ... (如果……), to tell the truth (实话实说), to
be honest (老实说)等。
重点四 非谓语动词作补语★★★★★
考点 1 不定式作补语
用法 好句
有些动词或动词短语后接不定式作宾补，即“动词
Father advised me to say something.
(短语)＋宾语＋to do”，如advise, want, allow, permit,
父亲建议我说点什么。
persuade, remind, invite, depend on, call on等。
常用不定式作主语补足语的句型有：sb./sth. be
He is said to have been cheated in the
said/believed/known/reported/considered/thought ＋to
street.
do/to have done/to be done/to be doing/to have been
据说他在大街上被骗了。
done。
考点 2 分词作补语
现在分词作宾补时，句中的宾语与宾补之间是逻辑上的主谓关系；过去分词作宾补时，
表被动和完成，宾补与宾语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。
They use computers to keep the traffic running smoothly.
他们用电脑保持交通畅通。(the traffic 与run是逻辑上的主谓关系)
1、感官动词和短语(see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, feel)后面的宾语补足语
常见的有三种非谓语动词形式(do/doing/done)。do 表主动和完成(被动句中to还原), doing
表主动或正在进行， done 表被动或完成。
As I got closer, I saw him kicking his legs in the air and breathing heavily.
当我走近时，我看见他的腿在空中乱踢，呼吸沉重。
2．表“使，让”的动词make/have/get/keep/leave＋宾语＋补语
宾补
to do －ing done
动词＋宾语
make＋宾语 do × √
keep＋宾语 × √ √
do/to do(区别：have sb. do
√(表示主体使客
sth.意为“让某人做某
√(表示让别人做某
have＋宾语 体处于某种状态
事”；have sth. to do意为
事或让某事被做)
或一直做某事)
“有某事要做”，to do作后置定语)
get＋宾语 √ √ √
leave＋宾语 √ √ √
Claire had her luggage checked an hour before her plane left.
在飞机起飞前一个小时，克莱尔把行李进行了安检。
3．with/without的复合结构：with＋n.＋doing (主动、进行)/done(被动、完成)/to do(目的、
将来)。
Without anyone noticing, I stole into the room.
没有人注意到，我偷偷溜进了房间。
重点五 常考固定句式中的非谓语形式★★★★★
考点 1 不定式用于固定句式中
用法 好句
主语＋系动词＋形容词＋to do，这类形
容词有easy, cheap, comfortable,
In my view, the book is very hard to understand.
impossible等表示主语的特性或性质，
依我看，这本书很难理解。
不定式和句子主语是逻辑上的动宾关
系。
It is/was ＋adj.＋for sb. to do sth.结构， It is difficult for us to finish writing the
作表语的形容词表示事物的性质，如 composition in an hour.
difficult, important, necessary等。 我们难以在一小时内完成这篇作文。
It is/was ＋adj.＋of sb. to do sth.结构，
It was generous of him to offer to pay for us.
作表语的形容词表示人物的特征，如
他主动为我们付钱真是大方。
honest, foolish, nice等。
主语＋be likely to do sth. “……可能做某 Tickets are likely to be expensive.
事”。 入场券可能很贵。
It takes (sb.) some time to do sth. (某人)花 It takes about half an hour to get to the airport.
时间做某事。 到机场大概半小时。
疑问词(who, what, where, when, how等) He didn't know how to work out the question, so
＋to do 结构，该结构在句中可充当主 he asked the teacher for help.
语、宾语、表语等。 他不知道如何算这个题，他向老师求助。
考点 2 动词的ing形式用于固定句式中
用法 好句
It's no good/no use/no fun/no pleasure doing sth. It is no use complaining without taking action.
做某事没好处/没用处/没意思/不高兴 不采取行动而只是抱怨是没有用的。It is worthwhile making an appointment
It's useless/worthwhile doing sth. 做某事没
before you go.
用/值得
去之前预约一下是值得的。
It is a waste of time talking with such a
It's a waste of time/money doing sth.做某事浪
stubborn man.
费时间/钱
和如此固执的人交谈浪费时间。
spend/waste time/money doing sth.花时间/钱做 I spent too much time watching television.
某事 我看电视花的时间太多了。
I have no difficulty making myself
have difficulty/trouble/fun/a ... time (in) doing
understood.
sth. 做某事有困难/费力/很好玩
我毫不费力地表达了自己的意思。
三维考场·全面提能
维度1 提分训练
微语法填空(用括号内动词的正确形式填空，注意不规则动词的正确形式)
1．Poetry is a beautiful art form. Its power lies in the ability ①________ (transform)
ordinary experiences by capturing a moment or emotion. ②________ (write) poetry is a privilege
and struggle. That is partly because we need to create ourselves in a new way of ③________
(observe) the world, capturing microscopic moments as materials for our work. Most of our time
at the desk is spent ④________ (struggle) with our imagination, and we know that a successful
poem arrives on the back of failure. There are moments when an idea will not translate onto paper.
Yet, failure is good, because every ⑤________ (abandon) line we painstakingly remove prepares
us for the ripe poem around the corner.2．Nearly two decades have passed since China sent the first Beidou satellite into space in
2000. During that time, more Beidou satellites were sent into orbit (轨道), ①________ (form) the
Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS). In late 2012, it began ②________ (provide)
positioning, navigation, timing and messaging services to people in China and other parts of the
AsiaPacific region. At the end of 2018, BDS started to serve users worldwide. Now with two more
Beidou satellites ③________ (launch) on Dec. 16, 2019, BDS has 53 satellites in orbit.
维度2 易错专练
用括号内动词的正确形式填空，注意不规则动词的正确形式
1．At 9 feet tall and ①________ (weigh) about 250 pounds, the ostrich (鸵鸟) is the world's
largest bird. As the myth goes, a ②________ (frighten) ostrich will be caught ③________ (bury)
its head in the sand to make itself invisible to its hunters.
2．With our graduation day ①________ (draw) near, I was busy preparing presents for my
friends. As usual, I walked into the classroom, only ②________ (find) a big box standing there.
Approaching, I found my name ③________ (write) on it. I was quite ④________ (shock) when
the box opened and I saw “myself”， a vivid statue, ⑤________ (sit) inside smiling up at me. I
was at a complete loss for words. It was the most unique, unconventional present in my life.
维度3 语篇训练
语法填空
（上海市杨浦区2022--2023学年度高三阶段性质量检测）
Fancy a Snack? Have Some Potato Chips
There are a couple of tales about the origins of potato chips. The first is credited to George
Crum, ____1____ in 1853 was cooking in a restaurant, Moon’s Lake House. A customer
requested Crum’s famous fried potatoes. However, when the dish ____2____ (serve), the
customer found the potatoes too thick for his liking. Crum sliced them thinner, but still they
weren’t thin enough for the guest. The dish was sent back and forth several times. ____3____
(anger), Crum eventually cut the potatoes paper-thin, deep-fried them, and spread a lot of salt on
them. His idea was ____4____ (make) the potatoes uneatable, but instead he invented a tasty
treat completely by accident.
However, there is a recipe that came out before Crum’s invention. An 1822 cookbook The
Cook’s Secrets ____5____ William Kitchiner, outlines how to make “Potatoes Fried in Slices”. It
calls for cutting potatoes into thin slices and frying them in oil. There are two other similar recipes
from 1824 and 1832, ____6____ of which mention Kitchiner.
Then there is the great fried vs baked debate. Fried potato chips contain a lot more oil and
fat. Baked chips, however, are cooked in an oven or air fryer rather than being fried in oil. So,
they’re considered the ____7____ (healthy) option. Today, a lot of health-conscious chipmanufacturers love to say their chips are baked, not fried, to appeal to people who are concerned
about ____8____healthy their food is.
Speaking of health-conscious people, they probably want to stay away from “Royce” chips,
which are chips ____9____ (dip) in chocolate. The mix of salty and sweet is to die for, but far
from healthy. ____10____ kind of flavor you prefer, there’s definitely a chip somewhere out
there that has your name on it.
