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查补易混易错 03 阅读理解之猜词题
新高考卷 全国卷
2022 2021 2022 2021
卷I 卷II 卷I 卷II 乙卷 甲卷 乙卷 甲卷
细节理解
6 7 8 8 8 8 6 5
题
推理判断
7 5 5 5 5 3 6 8
题
词义猜测
1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1
题
主旨大意
1 1 1 1 1 3 2 1
题
题型特点
词义猜测题是历年高考必考题型。常见的考查形式有：①猜测某个词、短语或句子的含义；②推断某
个常见的多义词或短语在具体语境下的意思；③判断文中的某个代词指代的对象；④解释英语中特定的表
达（谚语、俚语等）。
正确选项特征
1. 相应词语的同义词语。
2.对相应语句、语块的解释、复述或概括。
干扰选项特征
1. 对原相应表达方式的不正确改写。
2. 半对半错。
3. 曲解原意。
常见的设问方式有：
Which of the following has the closest meaning to“…."?
Which of the following can replace the word“…."?
What does the underlined word/phrase/expression“.…”refer to/mean?
Who does“."refer to in the text?技巧1通过定义来猜测词义
本技巧适用于所猜生词或短语后有句子(往往用定语从句或同位语从句)对其下定义，或使用破折号、
冒号、分号后的内容或引号、括号中的内容对其加以解释和定义，那么理解这个句子或段落就可以推断词
义。定义常用的谓语动词为:be, mean, be considered, to be, be called, define, represent, refer to, signify等。
【例】The schools are reluctant to take time off----even teachers with tickets for the England-Argentina game had
trouble getting the day off.
What does the underlined word "reluctant" probably mean?
A.Kind. B. Unwilling. C.Free. D. Careless.
【解析】根据破折号后的 even teachers with tickets for the England-Argentina game had trouble getting the day
off可知, 甚至手中有英格兰与阿根廷对决比赛的球票的教师们也很难有放假时间。由此可以推断出前面的
“ reluctant'”一词意为“不情愿的”。故选B项。
技巧2 通过同位关系来猜测词义
构成同位关系的两部分之间通常用连接词连接，有时也使用逗号、破折号、冒号、分号、括号或同位
语。常用的信息词或表达有：or, similarly, also, that is to say, in other words, namely, or other, say等。
【天津2020年5月·C】 There'' s also the added bonus that electric planes are just much more pleasant to fly in.
No loud engine noise, no smell of fuel, just environmentally friendly peace and quiet.
47. The expression "added bonus"refers to the fact that electric planes____________.
A. give passengers more pleasant views B. bring airlines more financial benefits
C. offer more enjoyable flying experiences D. cost less in maintenance than traditional one
【解析】根据画线词后that引导的同位语从句 electric planes are just much more pleasant to fly in和后文中的
No loud engine noise, no smell of fuel, just environmentally friendly peace and quiet.可知，电动飞机的航程更舒,
因为没有发动机的噪音,没有燃油的味道,只有环保的宁静。由此可推知,
added bonus应指电动飞机带来的“额外的好处”，即给乘客带来更舒适的飞行体验。故选C项。
技巧3 通过转折或对比关系来猜测词义
如果一个句子或段落中有对两个事物或现象进行对比的描述，可以根据画线词的反义词猜测其词义。
表示转折关系的词主要有but, however, otherwise, though等；表示对比关系的标志性词语有 while, in
contrast, unlike, on the other hand等。
【全国Ⅱ 2020·C】 The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades, but when the market for nutria collapsed inthe late1980s, the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.
30. What does the underlined word "collapsed" in paragraph 5 probably mean?
A.Boomed. B. Became mature. C. Remained stable D. Crashed.
【解析】根据画线词前的 The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades可知，几十年来海狸鼠的数量都因毛
皮交易而得到良好控制；再结合画线词后的… multiplied like crazy可知，后来海狸鼠又泛滥成灾，并可推
断出造成这一现象的原因是毛皮交易市场生意惨淡，人们对海狸鼠毛皮的需求下降。由此可猜测,，
collapse的意思是“垮掉”，与 crash意义相近。A项意为“繁荣”;B项意为“发展成熟”;C项意为“维
持稳定”。因此，A、B、C项均不符合语境。故选D项。
技巧4 通过因果关系来猜测词义
该方法是根据前后的因果关系来推断画线词或短语的意思。可由表示原因的句意推测出表示结果的句
子中的某个词或短语的意思，即由因推果；也可由表示结果的句意推测出表示原因的句子中的某个词或短
语的意思，即由果推因。表示因果关系的词有 because, since, so that, so/ such...that…, therefore等。
【例】The homeless people may have become jobless and then been unable to pay their rent and so no longer have
a roof over their heads.
What does the underlined part in the text probably mean?
A. A cap. B. A car. C. A home. D. A covering.
【解析】猜测画线部分意思的关键在于对“so”一词的理解。根据前文中的信息可知，那些无家可归的人们
可能没了工作，从而无法支付房租；利用因果关系可知，无法支付
房租就会没有房子住，因此画线部分应是“房子；家”的意思。故选C项。
技巧5 通过文章中的举例来猜测词义
有时，作者为了使读者更好地理解文中的生词或短语，往往在这些词或短语后附加一些具体的例子，
从而使读者更透彻地理解文章。所以，考生可依据词或短语后的例子猜测其含义。
【例】On the farm they mainly raise poultry, such as chickens,ducks and geese, for their eggs and meat.
【解析】根据 such as后面列举的一系列例子可以推断出，句中的 poultry意为“家禽”
技巧6 通过上下文语境来猜测词义
任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的，都与句子所在的段落及整篇文章有关。利用上下
文提供的情景和线索进行符合逻辑的综合分析，并依此来推测词义，这是一种重要的阅读方法。
【全国Ⅲ 2020·B】Yet“Apes” is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on live animals
lately.
One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment of animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs on
more than 2,000 productions this year.26. What does the underlined phrase "keeping tabs on"in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Listing completely. B. Directing professionally. C. Promoting successfully. D. Watching carefully.
【解析】根据画线词前 which引导的定语从句可知，这一非营利性组织的职能是监督动物在电影拍摄等娱
乐节目制作的过程中是如何被对待的。山此可推知，此处指今年这一组织正在密切关注2,000多个节目的
制作过程。故可推断，画线部分意为“密切注意”。故选D项
技巧7 通过代词所指代的内容猜测词义
代词所指代的内容多在这一句的前、后句中(特别是前句)，或者前几个句子中。找到指代的内容后，
把它放在代词的位置上，看一看这句话是否合理，与前后的内容是否一致，然后再判断它是否为正确答案。
【浙江2020年7月·B】Less traffic at9:37 am could push it down to 135. Just like the traffic itself, the timing of
the
signals changes.That is by design.
25. What does the underlined word "that" in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Increased length of green lights. B. Shortened traffic signal cycle.
C. Flexible timing of traffic signals. D. Smooth traffic flow on the road.
【解析】That指代的应是前文中提到的事物，故根据第一段最后一句 Just like the traffic itself, the timing of
the signals changes.可知，That指的是交通信号灯的时间可以灵活变动这件事，故选C项。
技巧8 通过构词法猜测词义
在猜测词义过程中，我们还可以根据构词法方面的知识，从生词本身猜测词义。
(1)、根据前缀或后缀猜测词义。
如:前缀co-表示“共同;一起”；后缀-ise/-ize表示“使成为……；使…化”等。
Do you have any strong opinion on co-educational or single-sex schools?
【解析】根据词根 educational(教育的)，再结合前缀co-(共同；一起)，可以猜出co- educational的意思是
“男女同校的”。
(2)、根据复合词的各部分猜测词义。
We live in a technological society where most goods are mass-produced by unskilled labor. Because of this, most
craft(手艺) no longer exists.
【解析】根据合成词中的mass(大量的)和 produce(生产)可推测，mass- produced的意思是“大批生产的；
规模生产的”。
(3)、根据单相关词性的含义猜测变换词性后新词的含义。
I had first known she was wrong. Her anxiety had clouded her judgment.
【解析】 cloud作名词时，意为“云”，在句中作动词。分析语境可知，焦虑会影响一个人的判断，因此cloud在此表示“把……搞糊涂；模糊…”
技巧9 通过生活经验和生活常识猜测词义
英语阅读理解选择的素材具有时代性、新颖性和生活性的特点，尤其强调选择一些与学生生活息息相
关的素材。因此生活经历或与日常生活有关的常识往往可以帮助考生更准确地猜测句中生词的含义。
【全国Ⅱ 2018 B】If you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit.
Out
comes a "soft-serve" creamy dessert, to be eaten right away.This makes a fun activity for a children's party; they
love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.
26. What is "a juicer" in the last paragraph?
A. A dessert. B. A drink C. A container D. A machine.
【解析】根据画线词后的 feed in, Out comes.及 they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of
the machine以及常识可知，juicer是一种机器，意为“榨汁机”，故选D项。 dessert意为“甜品” drink
意为“饮料”; container意为 容器”; machine意为“机器”
（一）
（2022年·北京高考真题）Quantum ( 量子 ) computers have been on my mind a lot lately. A friend has
been sending me articles on how quantum computers might help solve some of the biggest challenges we face as
humans. I’ve also had exchanges with two quantum-computing experts. One is computer scientist Chris Johnson
who I see as someone who helps keep the field honest. The other is physicist Philip Taylor.
For decades, quantum computing has been little more than a laboratory curiosity. Now, big tech companies
have invested in quantum computing, as have many smaller ones. According to Business Weekly, quantum
machines could help us “cure cancer, and even take steps to turn climate change in the opposite direction.” This is
the sort of hype ( 炒作 ) that annoys Johnson. He worries that researchers are making promises they can’t keep.
“What’s new,” Johnson wrote, “is that millions of dollars are now potentially available to quantum computing
researchers.”
As quantum computing attracts more attention and funding, researchers may mislead investors, journalists, the
public and, worst of all, themselves about their work’s potential. If researchers can’t keep their promises,
excitement might give way to doubt, disappointment and anger, Johnson warns. Lots of other technologies have
gone through stages of excitement. But something about quantum computing makes it especially prone to hype,Johnson suggests, perhaps because “‘quantum’ stands for something cool you shouldn’t be able to understand.”
And that brings me back to Taylor, who suggested that I read his book Q for Quantum.
After I read the book, Taylor patiently answered my questions about it. He also answered my questions about
PyQuantum, the firm he co-founded in 2016. Taylor shares Johnson’s concerns about hype, but he says those
concerns do not apply to PyQuantum.
The company, he says, is closer than any other firm “by a very large margin ( 幅度 )” to building a “useful”
quantum computer, one that “solves an impactful problem that we would not have been able to solve otherwise.”
He adds, “People will naturally discount my opinions, but I have spent a lot of time quantitatively comparing what
we are doing with others.”
Could PyQuantum really be leading all the competition “by a wide margin”, as Taylor claims? I don’t know.
I’m certainly not going to advise my friend or anyone else to invest in quantum computers. But I trust Taylor, just
as I trust Johnson.
1．Regarding Johnson’s concerns, the author feels ________.
A．sympathetic B．unconcerned C．doubtful D．excited
2．What leads to Taylor’s optimism about quantum computing?
A．His dominance in physics. B．The competition in the field.
C．His confidence in PyQuantum. D．The investment of tech companies.
3．What does the underlined word “prone” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?
A．Open. B．Cool. C．Useful. D．Resistant.
4．Which would be the best title for the passage?
A．Is Johnson More Competent Than Taylor?
B．Is Quantum Computing Redefining Technology?
C．Will Quantum Computers Ever Come into Being?
D．Will Quantum Computing Ever Live Up to Its Hype?
（二）
（2022年全国新高考I卷真题）The elderly residents (居民) in care homes in London are being given hens
to look after to stop them feeling lonely.
The project was dreamed up by a local charity (慈善组织) to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s
wellbeing. It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illness of the mind. Staff in care
homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.
Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier. She said: “I used to keep hens when I wasyounger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school. ”
“I like the project a lot. I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there
again at night to see they’ve gone to bed.”
“It’s good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents
come and sit outside to watch them. I’m enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something
useful.”
There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has
been given financial support to roll it out countrywide.
Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said:
“Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits
and fun the project can bring to people here.”
Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: “We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will
really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.”
5．What is the purpose of the project?
A．To ensure harmony in care homes. B．To provide part-time jobs for the aged.
C．To raise money for medical research. D．To promote the elderly people’s welfare.
6．How has the project affected Ruth Xavier?
A．She has learned new life skills. B．She has gained a sense of achievement.
C．She has recovered her memory. D．She has developed a strong personality.
7．What do the underlined words “embark on” mean in paragraph 7?
A．Improve. B．Oppose. C．Begin. D．Evaluate.
8．What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs?
A．It is well received. B．It needs to be more creative.
C．It is highly profitable. D．It takes ages to see the results.
（三）
（2023年浙江1月份高考真题）A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you
in debate. Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human
opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion.
Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents
and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Suchwrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond,
professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it: “There’s never a stage
at which the system knows what it’s talking about.”
What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the
least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program
specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols
mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant. Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, also work
with symbols. But for humans, meaning is everything. When we communicate, we communicate meaning. What
matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they
mean.
Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the
content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in
society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from
machines. And that’s why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates
and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence.
9．Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph?
A．To explain the use of a software program. B．To show the cleverness of Project Debater.
C．To introduce the designer of Project Debater. D．To emphasize the fairness of the competition.
10．What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A．Arguments. B．Doubts. C．Errors. D．Differences.
11．What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond?
A．Create rules. B．Comprehend meaning.
C．Talk fluently. D．Identify difficult words.
12．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．Social interaction is key to understanding symbols.
B．The human brain has potential yet to be developed.
C．Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters.
D．Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future.
（四）
（2023届广西南宁市高中毕业班第一次适应性测试）On February 13, 2023, Wu Yibing made history,
beating John Isner in a thrilling three-set final at the Dallas Open to become the first man from China to win an ATPtitle（ATP巡回赛冠军）.
Brought to a tennis court for the first time at just five, initially encouraged by his parents as an exercise to lose
weight, Wu soon had his talent discovered by his provincial junior team, kicking off a journey that would change
the fate of men's tennis in China. In 2017,Wu Yibing shot to prominence after winning the US Open boys’
tournament at 18 to become the first Chinese to win a major junior title, raising high hopes for the “Wonder Boy” to
change the fortune of Chinese men in a sport long dominated by women's success on the professional stage.
In 2018, Wu won his first ATP Challenger title in Shanghai. However, the highly competitive nature of men’s
professional tennis hit the rising Wu with a tough reminder after multiple injuries-to his elbow, lower back,
shoulder and wrist-forced him to be away from the ATP Tour for close to three years.
He made his return last year and won three ATP Challenger titles before qualifying for the US Open. “Looking
back, I feel like I wouldn't have been here if not for the ups and downs over the past few years. I take all the
setbacks and struggles as a lesson that helps me mature mentally now,” said Wu. “Of course there were a lot of
doubts because I had surgery and the recovery wasn’t going well. The championship today was a payoff for all the
hard work and everyone who’s supported me along the way.”
13．What do the underlined words “shot to prominence” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Lost weight. B．Came back to the top. C．Became famous instantly. D．Dropped out of the
competition.
14．Why was Wu absent from the ATP Tour for nearly three years?
A．He wanted to change his career. B．He suffered from serious physical injuries.
C．He didn’t stand out in training for the match. D．He couldn't handle the pressure of the ATP Tour.
15．What can we learn from Wu Yibing's statement?
A．No sweat, no sweet. B．Time waits for no man.
C．Well begun is half done. D．Strike while the iron is hot.
16．What is the passage mainly about?
A．The significance of ATP title. B．The development of Chinese tennis.
C．The power of difficulty for athletes. D．The first Chinese male champion of ATP.
（五）
（2023届四川省成都市蓉城名校联盟高三第二次联考英语试题）A routine dentist’s tool may help with
more than just oral health. A new study has found that dental imaging scanners can serve as portable devices to
track the growth of baby corals(珊瑚虫)—a crucial predictor of how reefs will fare(生长)during climate change.
Heat stress can kill mature coral reefs and curtail their regrowth. “Growth, reproduction and survival are themain things that we’re always looking at in terms of how healthy reefs are,” says marine biologist Kate Quigley of
the Australian Institute of Marine Science. By modeling baby corals in 3-D, researchers can track how well they
branch, develop complex shapes and reach reproducing size. If harsh water conditions make corals grow too
slowly, a reef won’t recover.
Corals this small are difficult to model in 3-D; researchers can CT scan them, dip them in wax or laboriously
put the measurements together from a commercial 3-D scanner - but these methods can be slow and provide lower-
resolution views. So one day, as Quigley’s dentist used a scanning device that focused light to create a detailed 3-D
tooth model, Quigley got an idea. If this device could examine the teeth in detail, she thought, it should be able to
scan tiny living corals, too—both teeth and coral are calcium-based and wet.
For a study published in Methods in Ecology and Evolution, Quigley tested the scanning device and found
that it offered a cheap, easy and portable way to model baby corals significantly faster and at higher resolution than
currently available techniques. This tool could let scientists more easily examine how coral species endure stress.
“Baby corals are critical for reef restoration and recovery from disturbances like hurricanes and heat waves.
Unfortunately, they are the stages we know least about because they are so difficult to measure accurately without
great expense,” says Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology researcher Joshua Madin, who was not involved in the
study. “This paper is a great example of taking a mature technology developed in another field and applying it to
coral reef science.”
17．Why is it important to study the baby corals?
A．It helps to reduce heat stress. B．It helps to protect the coral reefs.
C．It helps to prevent climate change. D．It helps to improve the marine environment.
18．What does the underlined word “curtail” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Guide. B．Aid. C．Limit. D．Follow.
19．What makes it possible to use dental scanning device to scan the corals?
A．The low price of the scanning devices. B．The similarity between corals and teeth.
C．The excellent skills of the dentists and scientists. D．The assistance of other technologies such as CT
scanning.
20．Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Improving Scanning Technology B．Fighting Against Climate Change
C．Saving Coral Reefs with Dental Tech D．Protecting Marine Life with Advanced Scanners
（五）
（2023届宁夏银川市第二次诊断性测试英语试卷）For the past three decades, Richard Sears, aged 71, hasbeen dedicated to one thing: telling the stories behind Chinese characters.
His interest in Chinese language and characters dates back to 1972, when he was 22, majoring in physics at
Portland State University in Oregon. “I realized only 7 percent of the world speak English as a mother tongue. I
wondered what it was like to speak another language.” By 1990, Sears was already a fluent Chinese speaker, but
did not know how to read. To Sears, the characters were complex with many strokes(笔画)and almost no apparent
logic.
“I am a physicist, so I don’t like blind memorization in learning languages. I knew that Chinese characters
came from pictographs(象形文字)and I wanted to know the stories behind them.” In the process of the study, Sears
soon realized that many of the explanations could not possibly be true. To pick out the good ones, he decided to
computerize the characters, and then scanned about 96,000 ancient characters.
The database of ancient characters came into being, but he wanted to explain the step-by-step evolvement of
these characters from the original pictographs to the modern simplified forms. He then got his website up in 2002
and named it Chinese Etymology(词源), where viewers can check for free the evolvement of Chinese characters in
various forms. Between 2002 and 2011, the website would get 11,000 or 15,000 hits a day. Suddenly, in January
2011,clicks to the website went up to 600,000 within one day. Overnight he became Uncle Hanzi, a nickname given
by Chinese netizens, after one of them shared his website on Chinese social media.
Besides the website, in September last year, Sears set up his studio, focusing on applying AR, animation and
artificial intelligence to telling stories of Chinese culture and character origins, in Nanjing as part of the local
authority’s plan to cultivate talent in the culture sector. “They have both entertainment value for the young and
educational value and can teach the origins of Chinese characters. We also want to make videos with a high
educational value for other platforms for Chinese and foreign learners of Chinese characters.” Sears says.
21．What do we know about Richard Sears?
A．He has made an exploration into Chinese characters.
B．He learned Chinese to improve his physics.
C．He was fluent in reading Chinese from the beginning.
D．He was concerned about the spread of his mother tongue.
22．What does the underlined word “ones” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Characters. B．Explanations. C．Pictographs. D．Languages.
23．What can be inferred about Sears’ website?
A．It gained popularity shortly after its establishment.
B．It has made a big profit from netizens visiting it.C．It concentrates on the simplification of Chinese characters.
D．It bridges the evolvement of Chinese characters to the public.
24．Which of the following best describes Richard Sears?
A．Ambitious and humorous. B．Wise but careless.
C．Enthusiastic and devoted. D．Generous but stubborn.
（七）
（2023届甘肃省兰州市高三第一次诊断考试英语试题）Ministers will offer rewards such as clothes
vouchers (票卷) and discounted theme park tickets in return for exercising and eating healthily, under plans to
solve Britain’s obesity crisis.
The anti-obesity project, which uses an app to help people make changes to their diet and physical activity,
will launch in 2023, initially in a pilot (试验性的) project. Participants will wear Fitbit-style devices that can
generate personalized health recommendations, such as increasing their step count, eating more fruit and vegetables
and reducing portion (分量) size. Those increasing their exercise by taking part in organized events such as
parkruns or walking to school or work may accumulate extra points in the app. The app could also be used to
monitor supermarket spending, rewarding those who cut their calorie intake and buy healthier options. Participants
will collect points for their healthy behaviors, which will unlock rewards that could include gym passes, clothes or
food vouchers and discounts for shops, cinema or theme park tickets.
After a competitive tender (投标) process, HeadUp has been chosen to deliver the project, with 3 million
pounds coming from the Department of Health and Social Care to provide incentives in the pilot. Evidence
suggests financial incentives can improve rates of physical activity and inspire healthier eating. HeadUp will work
with a range of organizations to provide rewards such as the vouchers, discounts and gift cards. Sajid Javid, the
health secretary, said: “This new pilot will pave the way for developing innovative ways to improve the lives of
individuals, and also help to reduce stress on the National Health Services (NHS). This pilot is an excellent
opportunity to find how best to inspire people to make small changes to their daily lives that will have a lasting
positive impact on their health. ”
25．What’s the purpose of introducing the anti-obesity project?
A．To protect people’s health. B．To help people save money.
C．To encourage research in education. D．To find a cure for obesity-related illnesses.
26．What can we know from the second paragraph?
A．The project has been proven to be very successful.
B．Participants will unlock the rewards by using the app.C．Participants will be rewarded if they live a healthy lifestyle.
D．Participants will lose weight when they wear Fitbit-style devices.
27．What does the underlined word “incentives” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Data. B．Suggestions. C．Rewards. D．Products.
28．What’s Sajid Javid’s attitude towards the anti-obesity project?
A．Negative. B．Positive. C．Indifferent. D．Not clear.
（八）
（湖北省武汉市2022-2023学年高三2月份质量检测英语试题）Have you ever seen one of the many
videos of an elephant grabbing a paintbrush, putting it in paint, and producing a painting similar to something a 5-
year-old could create? While watching an elephant paint is an amazing sight, we can’t help but wonder whether the
training methods and results reflect animal cruelty.
A 2014 study on four captive (圈养的) Asian elephants at the Melbourne Zoo in Australia sought to identify
stress-related behaviors around the activity of painting. While the researchers found that the elephants had a neutral
response to painting—not stressful, nor enriching—it seemed that when an elephant was not selected to paint, it
displayed non-interactive behavior. This is seen as a possible signal of stress in the animals.
In addition, PETA, a famous animal rights group, has cited several American zoos that use harmful training
methods to get elephants to paint, perform tricks, play instruments, and more. Not every zoo that organizes elephant
painting uses aggression (攻击) to encourage the elephants. However, PETA argues that animal shelters should not
force animals to do tricks at all.
Activist organizations warn that elephants can undergo extreme discomfort in the training process.
Furthermore, many of the painting elephants are very young, at an age where they should still be with their
mothers. It raises questions about whether there’s a chance they were caught for the express purpose of performing,
or if they could somehow be restored to a return to the wild.
It is difficult to support any kind of trained behavior that differs greatly from a wild animal’s natural
tendencies. The role of a shelter, ideally, is to allow an animal to live as close to its normal life as possible, perhaps
with an eye to returning the animal to the wild; teaching them to paint does not seem to align with that target,
particularly if it’s not a learned behavior that the animal would be willing to do independently.
29．What can be safely concluded from the 2014 study?
A．Researchers didn’t collect solid evidence. B．Painting promoted elephants’ interaction.
C．Negative effects of painting were confirmed. D．Elephants made strong responses to painting.
30．What is a concern of activist organizations?A．Complexity of the training process. B．Purposes of elephants’ performance.
C．Daily activities of captive elephants. D．Potential for elephants’ return to nature.
31．What does the underlined phrase “align with” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Wander off. B．Set up. C．Consist with. D．Go against.
32．What might be the best title for the text?
A．How PETA Helps? B．Why Animal Rights?
C．Should Elephants Paint? D．Should Elephants live in captivity?
