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功能一：推测
情态动词的三大功能（定义，推测及虚拟语气）（上）
speculation
情情态态动动词:
想一想：
本义 （辨析：can/be able to)
Althoouuggh theeree iss noo lifee oon Marss nooww,, ssoomee ssccieentisstss think that theeree
Fire cannot destroy gold _____ some form of life a long time ago. (高考上海）
推测（重点:）
Where can he be? A. must be B. may have been
语气 （难点：委婉与虚拟语气） C. can have been D. could be
You can read the book when I’ve finished it
must
关于“靠谱”线
should
TThhiis cakke iis very sweett. HHe _______hhave putt a llott off sugar iin iitt.
(sure)---------------------------
A．will B．would
can,,could,,mayy,,migght
CC．miighht DD．must
may (might)not
ccaann ((ccoouulldd)) nnoott
(安徽)Helen _go on the trip with us，but she isn’t quite sure yet.
AA.shhallll BB.must
C.may D.can
1有无“证据” CCaann oorr MMaayy ??
—She looks veryy happppyy. She have ppassed the exam.((苏苏22)) My MP4 player isn’t in my bag.
—I guess so. It’s not difficult after all. Where I have put it?（福建25）
AA..sshhoouulldd BB..ccoouulldd CC..mmuusstt DD..mmiigghhtt A.Can B.must C.should D.would
---Are you coming to Jeff's party? Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How_________ it be that he was late for
the opening ceremony?
------II'mm nnoott ssuurree. II ________ggoo ttoo tthhee ccoonncceerrtt iinnsstteeaadd.
A．can B．should C．may D．Must
A．must B．can C．should D．Might
“Is John coming by train?” “He should, but he _____ not. He likes driving his
((湖湖北北2266))—EExxccuussee mmee. IIss tthhiiss tthhee rriigghhtt wwaayy ttoo tthhee SSuummmmeerr PPaallaaccee??
car.”
—Sorry，I am not sure. But it be.
A. must B. can C. need D. may
AA.mmiigghhtt BB.wwiillll CC.mmuusstt DD.ccaann
(浙江11)You be hungry already—you had lunch only two hours ago! should
谨慎推测
A.wouldn’t B.can’t
C.mustn’t D.needn’t 所谓谨慎
---Morning! Can I help you?
((四川川32))—Is Jack on dutyy todayy?
---Well, here is the Lipton tea. Where can I find coffee?
—It be him.It’shis turn tomorrow.
---That _____ also be on this shelf, across from the tea, madam.
AA..mmuussttnn’tt BB..wwoonn’tt
A. would B. could
C.can’t D.needn’t
C. migght D. should
想想一想想：：
(辽宁22)Peter be really difficult at times even though he’s a nice
--When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.
person in general.
--TThheeyy _____bbee rreeaaddyy bbyy 1122::0000..
A. shall
AA.. ccaann BB.. sshhoouulldd B. should
C. might D. must C. can
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D. must(辽宁22)Peter be really difficult at times even though he’s a (福建24)It is usually warm in my hometown in March，but it
nice person in general. be rather cold sometimes.
A. shall B. should C. can D. must A.must B.can C.should D.would
Boys can be very naughty. (湖南32) Some aspects of a pilot’s job _____be boring，and pilots
often _____work at inconvenient hours.
It can be quite cold in Beijing in March.
A.can;haveto B.may;can
C.haveto;may D.oughtto;must
He is a bad-tempered fellow, but he can be quite gentle when he wishes
对对过过去去的的推推测测 This cake is very sweet. You _____ a lot of sugar in it. （辽宁）
情态动词的过去时 A．should put B．could have put
must
must have done
C．might put D．must have put
should ---Guess what! I have got an A for my term paper.
XX
---Great! You ______ read widelyy and pput a lot of work into it.(( 上海海))
(sure)--------------------------- A. must B. should C. must have D. should have
------------------------------------ （（江江西西2277))
can,could,may,might
—Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday.
ccaann hhaavvee ddoonnee —YYoouu iitt iinn tthhee wwrroonngg ppllaaccee.
may (might)not A. must put B. should have put
CC. mmiigghhtt ppuutt DD. mmiigghhtt hhaavvee ppuutt
can (could) not
may(might) not have done
3（江西22) 功能二：虚拟语气
—Tom is never late for work. Whyy is he absent todayy? Can I come in?
—Something to him.
A. must happppen B. should have happppened CCoouulldd II ccoommee iinn??
C. canhave happened D. must have happened
MMaayy II ccoommee iinn??
((北北京京2266))HHee hhaavvee ccoommpplleetteedd hhiiss wwoorrkk；；ootthheerrwwiissee，，hhee MMiigghhtt II ccoommee iinn??
wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside.
A. should B. must
C. wouldn’t D. can’t
(浙江15)—My cat’s really fat.
虚拟语气
—You have given her so much food.
II ccccoooouuuulllldddd////mmmmiiiigggghhhhtttthhaavvee sseeeenn yyoouu iiff II hhaadd aarrrriivveedd oonn ttiimmee yyeesstteerrddaayy
A.wouldn’t B.couldn’t
C.shouldn’t D.mustn’t
HHe sshhhhoouulllldddd////oouugghhhhtttt ttttoohhave askkedd me bbeffore hhe ttookk tthhe bbiikke.
((江江苏苏3355))—I’m ssoorryy.. I _____at yyoouu thee ootheer ddayy..
YYou nneeeeddddnn’’’’tthhave come so earlly yesterdday
—Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself.
AA.. sshhoouullddnn’tt sshhoouutt BB.. sshhoouullddnn’tt hhaavvee sshhoouutteedd
I could/might have entered this exam
C. mustn’t shout D. mustn’t have shouted
I should/ought to have entered this exam
（（上上海海））
---Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday.
You could/might have stayed at my house
---Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline.
You should/ought to have stayed at my house
A. must B. mustn't C. should D. shouldn't 4（陕西14)I told your friend how to get to the hotel，but perhaps I I was really anxious about you. You _____ home without a word.
have driven her there. A. mustn't leave
A.could B.must B. shouldn't have left
C.might D.should C. couldn't have left
D. needn't leave
(江苏28) He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he it
differently. (江西24)The weather turned out to be fine yesterday.I the
A. could express trouble to carry my umbrella with me.
B. would express A.should have taken
C. could have exppressed B.could have taken
D. must have expressed C.needn’t have taken
D.mustn’t have taken
[全国大联考（新课标）] 想想看：
I ________ up early this morning, so I stayed in bed until 8 o’clock a．m． She could/might have come yesterday
A．needn’t have got B．didn’t need to get She could/might have come yesterday
C．shouldn’t have ggot D．can’t have ggot [[浙浙江江省省台台州州市市高高三三第第二二次次调调考考]]
The missing children haven’t been found yet. Something terrible _____ to them.
((陕陕西西199))Ass yyoouu wwoorkeedd latee yyeessteerddayy，，yyoouu havvee ccoomee thiss moorningg.. AA. mmaayy hhaappppeenn BB. sshhoouulldd hhaavvee hhaappppeenneedd
A.mayn’t B.can’t C. can have happened D. might have happened
CC..mmuussttnn’tt DD..nneeeeddnn’tt
5真题巩固： 4.(福建31)—Catherine，I have cleaned the room for you.
1. [河南示范性高中五校4月联考]Even if you are an experienced teacher, you —Thanks.You________it.Icould manage it myself.
sometimes ____ make some mistakes.
A. needn’t do B. needn’t have done
A. can B. must C. should D. will
C. mustn’t do D. shouldn’t have done
2.My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared. Who ___ have taken it? (上
海春)
A. should B. must C. could D. would
3.Jack descried his father, who _____a brave boy many years ago, as a strong- 5.（山东34)
wiilledd man（（安安徽徽）） He paid for a seat，however，he have entered free.
A. would be B. would have been A.could B.would
C. must be D. must have been C.must D.need
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