曲一线 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》B版
专题十一 阅读补全
Passage 1 (2017北京) 主题语境:人与社会 限时:9分钟
Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not
allowed to sleep, they die within a month. 1
One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. 2 We know that, while awake,
fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing(加强) connections between brain cells, but the
memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.
Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons(神经
元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next
day. 3
Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. 4 The synapses in the mice
taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep,
showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.
If Tononi’s theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night’s sleep, we find it
harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information—our brains may have smaller
room for new experiences.
Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the
synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and
stayed the same size. 5 “You keep what matters,” Tononi says.
A.We should also try to sleep well the night before.
B.It’s as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.
C.Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.
D.The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.
E.That’s why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.
F.“Sleep is the price we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.
G.Tononi’s team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12
mice.
答案
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[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。研究表明,睡眠期间脑细胞之间的关联会减弱,从而使大脑
为新的记忆腾出空间,但是对于重要的记忆,大脑则会对其加以保护。
1.C 细节句。上句指出,当不允许实验室的老鼠睡觉时,它们在一个月之内就死去了。
本句是上句的延伸,由动物转移到了人类。C项符合语境,意为“同样,人几天不睡觉的话
也会生病”。
2.E 细节句。上句指出睡眠有助于加强新的记忆,下文对此进行了解释。本句应该是对
这个观点的回应,E项“那也就是为什么学生在学习之后如果有机会睡觉的话,他们就会
考得更好”符合语境。
3.F 过渡句。下段首句指出“现在我们有最直接的证据证明他是正确的”,由此可知本
句应指出某人的观点。结合本段提出的“睡觉期间神经元之间的关联减弱,从而为第二
天要形成的新记忆腾出空间”,可以判断F项符合语境。
4.G 过渡句。下句的synapses以及the mice为关键线索。下文指出了老鼠在睡完一觉
后和睡觉前“synapses”的不同,所以本句应该指出本次试验的内容,故G项符合语境。
5.B 细节句。上句指出,研究团队发现某些神经突触似乎得到了保护,并未发生变化,这
正是对某些重要记忆的保护,故B项正确。
Passage 2 (2016课标全国Ⅰ) 主题语境:人与社会 限时:9分钟
Secret codes(密码)keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies
use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.
People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 1 Code breaking never lags(落
后)far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called
cryptography.
There are three main types of cryptography. 2 For example, the first letters of “My
elephant eats too many eels”spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”
3 You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Let’s number the letters of
the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter,the message
“Meet me” would read “13 5 5 20 13 5.”
A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real
code, you must have a code book. 4 For example, “bridge”might stand for “meet” and
“out” might stand for “me”.The message “Bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” 5
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However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed
frequently.
A.It is very hard to break a code without the code book.
B.In any language, some letters are used more than others.
C.Only people who know the keyword can read the message.
D.As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.
E.You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.
F.With a code book,you might write down words that would stand for other words.
G.Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the
alphabet.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。介绍了密码的用途、历史以及三种密码方式。
1.D 过渡句。上句提到:人们使用密码已经几千年了。下句提到:密码的破解从未太落
后于密码的设定。由此可知D项符合语境,意为“只要有密码,人们就会尽力去破解它
们。”
2.E 过渡句。上句提到:有三种主要的密码设定方式。下句提到:例如,“My elephant eats
too many eels”的首字母就拼出了“Meet me”这一隐藏起来的信息。由此可知本句应该
为一种密码的设定方式,根据下句举到的例子,可知E项正确,意为“你可以用每个单词
的首字母拼写出一条信息,以此来隐藏它。”
3.G 主旨句。上段指出有三种主要的密码设定方式,上段已经提到了一种,本段应该指
出另外一种。下文举例说明了用数字来代替字母的密码方式,由此可知G项能起到统领
本段的作用,意为“另外一种隐藏信息的方式就是用符号来代替字母表中特定的字
母。”
4.F 细节句。上句指出:要解读某个真实密码的信息,你必须要有密码本。本句是对上
句的解释说明,结合下文举到的例子,可推断出本句主要解释如何利用密码本来破解隐藏
起来的信息。F项符合语境,意为“拥有了密码本,你也许就能写出代表其他单词的单
词。”
5.A 细节句。上文指出了利用密码本来破解密码的方式。A项是总结上文内容得出的
结论,意为“没有密码本就很难破解密码”,而且根据下句“...it is also hard to...”的句型
结构也可得知A项符合语境。
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高级语块 1.represent /ˌreprɪˈzent/v.代表
2.substitute /ˈsʌbstɪtjuːt/v.(以……)代替;取代
3.stand for 代表,表示
Passage 3 (2016课标全国Ⅱ)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为
多余选项。
A garden that’s just right for you
Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the
garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和)of its parts? 1 .But it doesn’t happen by
accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to
the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.
● 2
Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of
color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer
fertilizers(肥料). 3 .However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why
you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.
●Recall(回忆) your childhood memories
Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma’s rose garden
and Dad’s vegetable garden might be good or bad, but that’s not what’s important. 4 —
how being in those gardens made us feel. If you’d like to build a powerful bond with your
garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth. 5 .Then go outside
and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have
fun.
A.Know why you garden
B.Find a good place for your own garden
C.It’s our experience of the garden that matters
D.It’s delightful to see so many beautiful flowers
E.Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants
F.You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too
G.For each of those gardens, write down the strongest memory you have
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答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。介绍了如何种植和经营好自己的花园和菜园。
1.F 过渡句。上句提到了氛围,F项中that kind of magical quality指代上句中的内容,故
选F项。
2.A 主旨句。本段列举了一些人的观点之后,提到other reasons that might explain why
you want to garden,由此可以推断出本段的主旨就是:你要知道自己为什么要种植花木。
3.E 细节句。根据本段中的Some people may think that...Others are concerned about...可
推断出此处应该是:Still others may...。
4.C 过渡句。上句提到:但是那并不重要。本句应为:重要的是我们自己种植花木的经
历。matters=is important,故选C项。
5.G 过渡句。上句提到:通过花费时间回想你青年时期的园子开始吧。本句应为:为记
忆中的每一个园子,写下你最深刻的记忆。引出下文:然后走出去,制订一个计划把你小
时候的记忆转化为你成年后的园子。
Passage 4 (2016课标全国Ⅲ)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为
多余选项。
Everyone knows that fish is good for health. 1 But it seems that many people don’t cook
fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat
twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn’t difficult.
2 This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.
3 Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you’re standing at the ocean’s
edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn’t fresh. 4 When you have bought a
fish and arrive home, you’d better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don’t cook it
immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish
isn’t as tasty as the fresh one.
There are many common methods used to cook fish. 5 First, clean it and season it with
your choice of spices(调料). Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to
10 minutes if it weighs about one pound. (A larger one will take more time.)Then, it’s ready
to serve.
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A.Do not buy it.
B.The easiest is to steam it.
C.This is how you can do it.
D.It just requires a little knowledge.
E.The fish will go bad within hours.
F.When buying fish, you should first smell it.
G.The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文,介绍了买鱼和烹饪鱼的小窍门。
1.G 细节句。上句提到吃鱼对人的健康有益,本句是对上句的解释说明,G项符合语境,
意为“人们认为鱼的脂肪有助于预防心脏病。”
2.D 细节句。上句指出:购买、储存和烹饪鱼并不是难事。本句承接上句,D项符合语
境,意为“它只需要一点儿知识”。
3.F 主旨句。下文指出了新鲜的鱼和不新鲜的鱼都有什么气味,由此可判断F项为主题
句,意为“买鱼时应该先闻闻味道”。
4.A 细节句。上句指出有腥味或者味儿很大的鱼不新鲜,本句承接上句,指出不要购买
这样的鱼,故A项正确。
5.B 过渡句。上文指出做鱼的方法有很多种,根据下文出现的steam可知此处讲述了清
蒸的方法,故B项正确,意为“最简单的方法就是清蒸”。
Passage 5 (2015课标全国Ⅰ)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余
选项。
Building Trust in a Relationship Again
Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences. 1 Trust is a risk.But you
can’t be successful when there’s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action
where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.
Unfortunately,we’ve all been victims of betrayal.Whether we’ve been stolen from,lied
to,misled,or cheated on,there are different levels of losing trust.Sometimes people simply
can’t trust anymore. 2 It’s understandable,but if you’re willing to build trust in a
relationship again,we have some steps you can take to get you there.
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● 3 Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see
what the best outcome would be for your well-being.
● 4 If you’ve been betrayed,you are the victim of your circumstance.But there’s a
difference between being a victim and living with a“victim mentality”.At some point in all of
our lives,we’ll have our trust tested or violated.
●You didn’t lose“everything”.Once trust is lost,what is left?Instead of looking at the situation
from this hopeless angle,look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good
in your life. 5 Instead,it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for
positive growth and forgiveness.
A.Learn to really trust yourself.
B.It is putting confidence in someone.
C.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.
D.Remember that you can expect the best in return.
E.They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again.
F.This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.
G.Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened.
答案
[语篇解读] 人和人之间需要相互信任,赢得别人的信任并不是一件容易的事。我们也
曾在某个特定的关系群中失去了对别人的信任,成了背叛的受害者。如何重新在这个关
系群中建立起那份信任呢?本文给出了几条建议。
1.B 第一段阐述了什么是“信任”。空格前说Trust is a learned behavior...,空格后说
Trust is a risk.由此推断出选B项。
2.E 空格前列举了遭遇背叛的几种情况:被偷、被撒谎、被误导、被欺骗,这些事情的
发生使人们受到了深深的伤害,他们不能容忍它再次发生。故选E项。
3.A 根据后面句子中的Having confidence in yourself可知此处作者建议:学会真正信任
你自己。故选A项。
4.C 根据后面句子中的you are the victim和being a victim以及a “victim mentality”可知
此处作者的建议是:不要再把自己当成一个受害者。故选C项。
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5.G 空格前作者建议:不要从绝望的角度看局面,而要感激你生活中所有的好的方面。
空格后作者说:这是一种健康的方式……。由此推断出此处答案为G项:看到事情积极的
方面并不意味着你在忽视已经发生的事情。
Passage 6 (2015课标全国Ⅱ)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余
选项。
Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady,gradual increases in the
length of the runs. 1 ,buy the best-fitting,best-built running shoes you can find. No one
can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet,so you have to rely on
your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop.When you have found shoes that
seem right,walk in them for a few days to double-check the fit. 2 .As always,you should
stretch(伸展)at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.
During the first week,do not think about distance,but run five minutes longer each day. 3
,it is wise to take a day off to rest.But during the next week,set a goal of at least a mile and a
half per run. 4 .After two weeks,start timing yourself. 5 .Depending on the kind of
race you plan to enter,you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.
A.After six days
B.For a good marathon runner
C.Before you begin your training
D.With each day,increase the distance by a half mile
E.If they still feel good,you can begin running in them
F.Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training
G.Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time
答案
[语篇解读] 本文介绍了马拉松训练需要认真的准备和稳定、渐进的过程。
1.C 根据第二段中的During the first week可知这里是指训练前的准备工作,故选C。
[评析 这是一篇以时间为线索的逻辑性很强的短文。根据下文的时间状语During the
first week 和 After two weeks 可知,这里是指开始训练前。
2.E 设空处与其前一句是顺承关系,故选E。
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3.A 根据上文During the first week 和下文 take a day off to rest 可知,一周七天里训练
六天后休息一天是明智的,故选A。
4.D 根据本段第一句中的During the first week, do not think about distance 和第二个But
可知,这里要考虑距离的问题了,故选D。
5.G 设空处对上文进行总结,根据下文的timetable和设空处前两句话可知,这里是增加
距离和设定时间的目标。故选G。
Passage 7 (2015北京)
根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两
项为多余选项。
This Way to Dreamland
Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant,especially when this makes them
forget what they should be doing.Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of
what’s happening around them.They can seem forgetful and clumsy. 1 They annoy us
because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things.
But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in
human history. 2 Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas
and inventions?
So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or
otherwise looking like a fool?
First,understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others.Feeling
safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams. 3 And if you want to improve your
chances of having a creative idea while you’re daydreaming,try to do it while you are
involved in another task—preferably something simple,like taking a shower or walking,or
even making meaningless drawings.
It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to
concentrate.“Mindfulness”,being focused,is a tool that some people use to avoid falling
asleep. 4
Finally,you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly
away. 5
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Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.
A.Having interesting things to think about also helps.
B.They stare off into space and wander by themselves.
C.Without wandering minds,we wouldn’t have relativity,Coke or Post-it notes.
D.At one time,daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.
E.It involves slow,steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive.
F.Daydreams are often very simple and direct,quite unlike sleep dreams,which may be hard to
understand.
G.Therefore,it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you’re in the
daydream zone.
答案
[语篇解读] 文章介绍了做白日梦的人有时健忘、笨拙,但是伟大的思想和成就是和白
日梦分不开的。
1.B 由前句和后句可知该句在描述做白日梦的人的情况。故选B项。
2.C 由前句的表述可知在人类历史上一些伟大的想法和辉煌的成就是由那些爱做白日
梦的人带来的。C项中的relativity(相对论),Coke和Post-it notes是列举的一些伟大想法
和成就,故C项符合此处语境。
3.A 由前文可知本段在讲述如何做巧妙的白日梦,故选A项。
4.E 第五段叙述了在人们需要集中注意力时,如何避免做白日梦。由E项中的关键词
attentive(专注的)可知选E项。
5.G 文章第六段第一句与G项为因果关系。
Passage 8 (2014课标全国Ⅰ)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为
多余选项。
The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. 1 By helping them develop classic skills
that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.
1.Curiosity
Your children need to be deeply curious. 2 Ask kids,“What ingredients(配料)can we add
to make these pancakes even better next time?”and then try them out.Did those ingredients
make the pancakes better?What could we try next time?
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2.Creativity
True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it. 3
There are a dozen different things you can do with them.Experimenting with materials to
create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity.
3.Interpersonal Skills
Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids.We know what’s going on inside
our own head,but what about others?Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a
situation and jumping to false conclusions. 4 “Why do you think she’s crying?”“Can you
tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?”“If someone were to do that to you,how
would you feel?”
4.Self Expression
5 There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas—
music,acting,drawing,building,photography.You may find that your child is attracted by one
more than another.
A.Encourage kids to cook with you.
B.And we can’t forget science education.
C.We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.
D.So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don’t yet exist?
E.Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.
F.We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.
G.Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文,主要讲述了如何培养孩子们最优秀的技能以满足未来新出
现的职业需要。
1.D 根据空格后面的By helping...可知该空应该是针对方式的提问,故选D项。
2.A 由下文可知A项内容符合此处语境。
3.C 由上下文语境中的“new”“different”及“materials”可知答案。
4.F 空格后是三个连续的问题,F项中的“ask questions”与之照应。
5.G 空格后面一句话中的express thoughts and ideas与G项中的communicate ideas照
应。
第 11 页 共 24 页曲一线 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》B版
Passage 9 (2014课标全国Ⅱ)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为
多余选项。
Tips for Cooking on a Tight Schedule
From my experience,there are three main reasons why people don’t cook more
often:ability,money,and time. 1 Money is a topic I’ll save for another day.So today I want
to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the
kitchen.Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule:
1.Think ahead.The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when I’m already hungry and
there’s nothing ready to eat.So think ahead of the coming week.When will you have time to
cook?Do you have the right materials already? 2
2.Make your time worth it.When you do find time to cook a meal,make the most of it and
save yourself time later on.Are you making one loaf of bread? 3 It takes around the same
amount of time to make more of something.So save yourself the effort for a future meal.
3. 4 This may surprise you,but one of the best tools for making cooking worth your time is
experimentation.It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well
with your appetite and schedule.The more you learn and the more you try,the more ability you
have to take control of your food and your schedule.
Hopefully that gives you a good start. 5 And don’t let a busy schedule discourage you
from making some great changes in the way you eat and live!
A.Try new things.
B.Ability is easily improved.
C.Make three or four instead.
D.Understand your food better.
E.Cooking is a burden for many people.
F.Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.
G.A little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文,题材是介绍说明类。紧张的生活节奏并不妨碍你为自己或
家人做上一顿可口的饭菜,看看作者为我们提供的建议吧。
第 12 页 共 24 页曲一线 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》B版
1.B 上文提到三个不常做饭的理由:能力、钱和时间。下文提到钱是下一个话题,这里
主要谈论如何利用花费在烹饪上的时间,故答案选B(能力是容易改进的)。
2.G 该段建议提前做出烹饪计划,故答案选G(提前一点制订计划会省去很多后面的工
作)。
3.C 根据下文“花费几乎相同的时间来制作更多食物”可推断出,这里指把制作一条面
包改为制作三到四条面包。
4.A 根据下文It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes...可推断出,本空应
选A(尝试新事物)。
5.F 根据下文“不要让繁忙的日程妨碍你在饮食和生活方式上做出美好的改变”可推
断出,答案选F(让烹饪和生活仅仅是快乐而非负担)。
Passage 10 (2014北京)
根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两
项为多余选项。
Evaluating Sources(来源)of Health Information
Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation.A key first step in
bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health
information.Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant
information,how to separate fact from opinion,how to recognize poor reasoning,and how to
analyze information and the reliability of sources. 1
Go to the original source.Media reports often simplify the results of medical research.Find out
for yourself what a study really reported,and determine whether it was based on good
science.Think about the type of study. 2
Watch for misleading language.Some studies will find that a behavior “contributes to” or is
“associated with” an outcome;this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain
result. 3 Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.
Use your common sense.If a report seems too good to be true,probably it is.Be especially
careful of information contained in advertisements. 4 Evaluate “scientific” statements
carefully,and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术).
第 13 页 共 24 页曲一线 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》B版
5 Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration,but each of
us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.
Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about health problems will
serve you well throughout your life.
A.Make choices that are right for you.
B.The goal of an ad is to sell you something.
C.Be sure to work through the critical questions.
D.And examine the findings of the original research.
E.Distinguish between research reports and public health advice.
F.Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an author’s point of view.
G.The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive
from common sources.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。作者针对如何识别正确的健康信息提供了一些建议。
1.G 根据文章第二段、第三段、第四段的首句可以看出作者提供了一些建议,因此本空
引出了下文的多个建议,故选择G项。
2.D 根据第二段的第一句“Go to the original source.”可以看出D选项“And examine
the findings of the original research.”与第二段内容匹配。
3.F 根据第三段第一句“Watch for misleading language.”可以看出F项“Be aware that
information may also be incorrectly explained...”与本段内容匹配。
4.B 空格处前一句中出现的advertisements与B项中的ad对应,因此选择B项。
5.A 空格后的“...that works for us.”与A项“Make choices that are right for you.”对应,
故选择A项。
Passage 11 (2014辽宁)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为
多余选项。
Eyesight plays a very important role in our daily life.Every waking moment,the eyes are
working to see the world around us.Over forty percent of Americans worry about losing
eyesight,but it’s easy to include steps into our daily life to ensure healthy eyes.Here are five
suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight:
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·Schedule yearly exams. 1 Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to
the doctor for a careful check.The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly
eye exams and following treatment,including eyeglasses.
·Protect against UV rays(紫外线).Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes.No
matter what the season is,it’s extremely important to wear sunglasses. 2
·Give your eyes a break.Two-thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using
computers or other digital products. 3 Experts recommend that people practice the
20/20/20 rule:every 20 minutes,take a 20-second break and look at something 20 feet away.
· 4 As part of a healthy diet,eat more fruits and vegetables each day.Vitamins(维生素)C
and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.
·Practice safe wear and care of contact lenses(隐形眼镜).Many Americans use contact lenses
to improve their eyesight.While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact
lenses,many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk. 5 Otherwise,you may
have problems such as red eyes,pain in the eyes,or a more serious condition.
A.Eat your greens.
B.Eye care should begin early in life.
C.They can properly protect your eyes.
D.Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins.
E.Parents usually don’t care about their own eyesight.
F.Always follow the doctor’s advice for appropriate wear.
G.This frequent eye activity increases the risk for eye tiredness.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。文章主要给出了五种拥有健康视力的建议。
1.B 根据上文Schedule yearly exams.和下文Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12
months of age...及选项中的Eye care和early in life可知选B项。
2.C 戴太阳镜预防紫外线,它们可以适当地保护你的眼睛。本句是对上文的总结概括。
3.G 三分之二的美国人一天会花费多达7小时的时间来使用电脑或其他数码产品。这
种频繁的眼部活动会提高眼睛疲劳的风险。根据句意应选择G项。
4.A Eat your greens.吃出绿色。下文均与饮食有关,所以选A项。
5.F 上下文均与戴隐形眼镜有关,所以选择含有关键词wear的选项。medical guidance
和doctor’s advice也互为暗示。
第 15 页 共 24 页曲一线 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》B版
Passage 12 (2013课标Ⅰ)
Business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services
they want.The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and
services.Most businesses seek to make a profit(利润)—that is,they aim to achieve income that
is more than the costs of operating the business. 1 Commonly called nonprofits,these
organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers. 2
Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning,direction,and
control of the operations of a business. 3 One is the establishment(制定)of broad basic
policies with respect to production;sales;the purchase of equipment,materials and
supplies;and accounting. 4 The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in
all departments.Direction is concerned primarily with supervision(监管)and guidance by the
management in authority. 5
A.Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set
standards for work.
B.In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative
management.
C.Examples of nonprofit businesses include such organizations as social service agencies and
many hospitals.
D.However,some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.
E.The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.
F.In the theory of business management,organization has two main aspects.
G.Planning in business management has three main aspects.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文,题材为社会与热点。本文介绍什么是商业及商业管理。
1.D 上文谈盈利,下文与其相反,谈非盈利,所以表示转折。
2.C 紧跟上文举例说明。
3.G 由下文中的One is...The third relates...可知G项符合。
4.E 上面说的是One is...下面说的是The third...,那么这里应该是第二。
5.A 由本段开头中的planning,direction,and control of...及后面内容中对
planning,direction的说明可知A项符合。
第 16 页 共 24 页曲一线 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》B版
[高级词块] ①with respect to关于,涉及 ②be concerned with与……有关联
[长难句] Most businesses seek to make a profit(利润)—that is,they aim to achieve
income that is more than the costs of operating the business.大多数行业追求利润——
也就是说,他们的目的是获得比经营商业的成本要多的收入。
that is意为:即,用来解释说明。income之后的that is more...是定语从句。
Passage 13 (2013课标Ⅱ)
Public Speaking Training
● Get a coach
1 ,so get help.Since there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you
public speaking training and courses,here are some things to look for when deciding the
training that’s right for you.
● Focus on positives
Any training you do to become more effective at public speaking should always focus on the
positive aspects of what you already do well.Nothing can hurt confidence more than being
told that you aren’t doing well. 2 ,so good public speaking training should develop those
instead of telling you what you shouldn’t do.
● 3
If you find a public speaking course that looks as though it’s going to give you lots of dos and
don’ts,walk away!Your brain is so full of what you’re going to be talking about. 4 .As far
as we’re concerned,there are basically no hard and fast rules about public speaking.Your
audience can be your friends.
● You are a special person not a clone
Most importantly,good public speaking training should treat you as a special one,with your
own personal habits. 5 .Your training course should help you bring out your
personality,not try to turn you into someone you’re not.
A.You aren’t like anybody else
B.You already do lots of things well
C.Turn your back on too many rules
D.Check the rules about dos and don’ts
E.Whatever the presentation,public speaking is tough
第 17 页 共 24 页曲一线 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》B版
F.The one thing you don’t want is for them to fall asleep
G.So trying to force a whole set of rules into it will just make things worse
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为应用文,题材是兴趣与爱好。当着众多的听众讲话是一件很困难的
事,那就参加培训班吧。究竟什么样的培训班好呢?本文给出了答案。
1.E 根据逗号后的so get help可推断出该句应该是表达:public speaking是困难的,因此
要得到帮助。
2.B 根据后面一句话的表达:好的公共演讲培训应该帮你发扬你做得好的东西,而不是
告诉你不该去做什么。由此推断出答案为B项:你已经把很多事情做得很好了。
3.C 根据该段中的walk away可以推断出作者让我们对这样的培训班断然拒绝,故选C
项:拒绝太多的规则。
4.G 前一句话说:你的脑子里已经装满了你要讲的东西,因此再试图把一整套规则强行
塞进去会使得情况更加糟糕。故选G项。
5.A 根据下句话中的bring out your personality可以推断出此处表达:你和别人不一样。
故选A项。
[高级词块] ①focus on专注于 ②positive aspect积极方面
[长难句] Since there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you
public speaking training and courses, here are some things to look for when deciding
the training that’s right for you.因为大约有10亿家公司都准备给你提供公共演讲的培
训与课程, 以下是当你决定适合你的培训时要关注的事项。
本句为复合句。since 引导原因状语从句, 主句中when引导时间状语从句, that 引导定
语从句。
Passage 14 (2013北京)
Urbanization
Until relatively recently,the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing
a city.The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago. 1 In fact,nearly
everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural(乡村的)villages.It was not until the 20th century that
Great Britain became the first urban society in history—a society in which the majority of
people live in cities and do not farm for a living.
第 18 页 共 24 页曲一线 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》B版
Britain was only the beginning. 2 The process of urbanization—the migration(迁徙)of
people from the countryside to the city—was the result of modernization,which has rapidly
transformed how people live and where they live.
In 1900,fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas.Today,over 82% of Americans
live in cities.Only about 2% live on farms. 3
Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized.Even in advanced
agricultural societies,it took about ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities.
4 Until modern times,those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite(精英)and the
servants,laborers and professionals who served them.Cities survived by taxing farmers and
were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by
the ability to move this surplus from farm to city.
Over the past two centuries,the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city
and the country. 5 Today,instead of needing ninety-five farmers to feed five city
people,one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non-farmers.
A.That kept cities very small.
B.The rest live in small towns.
C.The effects of urban living on people should be considered.
D.Soon many other industrial nations became urban societies.
E.But even 200 years ago,only a few people could live in cities.
F.Modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.
G.Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文,题材为社会与热点,主要讲述了城市化的进程。
1.E 第一段主要讲述了在过去城市非常少,大多数人都是住在农场或乡村里,根据主旨
可知应选择E项。
2.D 空格前一句中的beginning与D项中的Soon相对应,英国只是个开始,之后一些其
他的国家也开始成为城市化的社会,故选择D项。
3.B 空格所在的段落通过列举数据来体现现在城市化的扩大,绝大多数的美国人住在城
市里,少部分住在农场里,因此此空说明剩下的人居住在何地,故选择B项。
4.A 此空之前在阐述过去城市不可能大的原因,因此A项与前面的意思对应。
第 19 页 共 24 页曲一线 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》B版
5.F 空格前一句阐述工业革命打破了此前城市和乡村的这种平衡,因此空格处是对前一
句内容的进一步阐述,因此选择F项。
Passage 15 (2013辽宁)
Forgiveness
To forgive is a virtue,but no one has ever said it is easy.When someone has deeply hurt you,it
can be extremely difficult to let go of your hate.However,forgiveness is possible,and it can be
surprisingly beneficial to your physical and mental health.People who forgive show less
sadness,anger and stress and more hopefulness,according to a recent research.
1 Try the following steps:
Calm yourself. 2 You can take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you
pleasure:a beautiful scene in nature,or someone you love.
Don’t wait for an apology.Many times the person who hurt you does not intend to
apologize.They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don’t see things the same way. 3
Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the
person who upset you.
Take the control away from your offender(冒犯者).Rethinking about your hurt gives power to
the person who caused you pain.Instead of focusing on your wounded feelings,learn to look
for the love,beauty and kindness around you.
4 If you understand your offender,you may realize that he or she was acting out of
unawareness,fear,and even love.You may want to write a letter to yourself from your
offender’s point of view.
Don’t forget to forgive yourself. 5 But it can rob you of your self-confidence if you don’t
do it.
A.Why should you forgive?
B.How should you start to forgive?
C.Recognize the benefits of forgiveness.
D.Try to see things from your offender’s angle.
E.For some people,forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.
F.To make your anger die away,try a simple stress-management technique.
G.If you wait for people to apologize,you could be waiting an awfully long time.
第 20 页 共 24 页曲一线 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》B版
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文,主要向读者介绍了如何开始宽恕别人或自己的方法。
1.B 第一段说明了宽恕的意义,该空格后的各段说明了宽恕的具体方法,由此可推断该
空格处应为一承上启下的过渡句,故选B项。
2.F 根据段落中心句Calm yourself.和下文的关键信息think of something that gives you
pleasure可确定答案。
3.G 根据关键词apology可迅速确定答案。
4.D 根据关键信息write a letter to yourself from your offender’s point of view可确定答案。
5.E 根据段落中心句Don’t forget to forgive yourself.中的关键信息forgive yourself可确
定答案。
Passage 16 (2012辽宁)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为
多余选项。
How to Make Friends
Friendship is a very important human relationship and everyone needs good friends.Good
friendship has many benefits.It offers companionship,improves self-worth and promotes good
health.There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town,or
changed our jobs or schools.Such changes often leave us without a friend. 1 But for many
of us the process is difficult and requires courage.Below are some helpful suggestions on how
to make and keep friends.
1.Associate with others.
The first step to making friends is associating with other people.You can go to public places
to meet new people.Besides,you will need to make yourself known by becoming an active
member of such places.
2.Start a conversation.
Starting a conversation is the second most important step in making new friends. 2 You
can always start the conversation.Being able to make small talk is a very useful skill in
relating with other people.
3. 3
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Choosing friends with common interests is important in building friendship as these interests
would always bring you and your friend together.Hanging out will always be a pleasant
experience.
4.Let it grow.
It is a good thing to stay in touch.However,try not to press your new friend with
calls,messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your
friend. 4 The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally.
5.Enjoy your friendship.
The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves. 5 Try not
to change them from who they are to what you want them to be.Become the kind of friend
you will want your friend to be to you.
A.Be cheerful.
B.Do things together.
C.Do not wait to be spoken to.
D.Try not to find fault with your friends.
E.Making new friends comes easy for some people.
F.For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.
G.So you will need to give your friend time to react to you.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文,介绍了“如何交朋友”。
1.E 细节理解题。根据下文“但是对于我们很多人来说这个过程艰难而且需要勇气”
得出上文:对于某些人来说结交新朋友容易。
2.C 细节理解题。根据下文:你可以总是开始谈话。选出上文:不要等着人家跟你说话。
3.B 主旨大意题。根据其后一段的大意可归纳出“Do things together”为本段小标题。
4.G 细节理解题。根据本段大意:最好的友谊应该是自然增长的,所以要给朋友时间来
对你作出反应,不要操之过急。
5.D 细节理解题。根据句式Try not to do...选择D,不要对朋友挑剔。find fault with sb.
对某人挑剔。
Passage 17 (2012北京)
第 22 页 共 24 页曲一线 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》B版
根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两
项为多余选项。
Empathy
Last year,researchers from the University of Michigan reported that empathy,the ability to
understand other people,among college students had dropped sharply over the past 10 years.
1 Today,people spend more time alone and are less likely to join groups and clubs.
Jennifer Freed,a co-director of a teen program,has another explanation.Turn on the TV,and
you’re showered with news and reality shows full of people fighting,competing,and generally
treating one another with no respect. 2
There are good reasons not to follow those bad examples.Humans are socially related by
nature. 3 Researchers have also found that empathetic teenagers are more likely to have
high self-respect.Besides,empathy can be a cure for loneliness,sadness,anxiety,and fear.
Empathy is also an indication of a good leader.In fact,Freed says,many top companies report
that empathy is one of the most important things they look for in new managers. 4
“Academics are important.But if you don’t have emotional(情感的)intelligence,you won’t
be as successful in work or in your love life,”she says.
What’s the best way to up your EQ(情商)?For starters,let down your guard and really listen to
others. 5
To really develop empathy,you’d better volunteer at a nursing home or a hospital,join a club
or a team that has a diverse membership,have a “sharing circle”with your family,or spend
time caring for pets at an animal shelter.
A.Everyone is different,and levels of empathy differ from person to person.
B.That could be because so many people have replaced face time with screen time,the
researchers said.
C.“One doesn’t develop empathy by having a lot of opinions and doing a lot of talking,”Freed
says.
D.Humans learn by example—and most of the examples on it are anything but empathetic.
E.Empathy is a matter of learning how to understand someone else—both what they think and
how they feel.
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F.Good social skills—including empathy—are a kind of “emotional intelligence”that will
help you succeed in many areas of life.
G.Having relationships with other people is an important part of being human—and having
empathy is decisive to those relationships.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文,题材为科普知识类。研究人员发现大学生“心意相通”这
一能力在最近的10年里急剧下降,文章向我们介绍了是什么导致了这一能力的下降以及
如何提高这种能力。
1.B 此空前一句指出“心意相通”这一能力在最近的10年里急剧下降,后一句应解释
下降的原因,因此选择B项。B项的主语that指代前一句所述现象,空格前一句的
researchers与B项中的the researchers said相呼应。
2.D 第二段阐述了“心意相通”能力下降的另一个解释,此空前一句列举了几个例子
fighting, competing, treating one another with no respect,这与D项中的examples相呼应。
此外第三段第一句话中的those bad examples也与D项中的examples相呼应,故选择D
项。
3.G 第三段列举了一些对“心意相通”有利的现象,此空前一句中的Humans与G项的
being human相呼应,另外前一句中的related与G项中的relationships相呼应,故选择G项。
4.F 此空后面的emotional intelligence和successful与F项中的emotional intelligence和
succeed相呼应,故选择F项。
5.C 此空前一句提到listen to others倾听他人说话(可以提高情商),C项中讲到你就只顾
自己说话(不听别人的倾诉)则不会提高“心意相通”这个能力,因此选择C项符合上下
文之间的关联。
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