09 状语从句(并列句)考查要点及应对策略
【考点精析】
一、状语从句
考点1 常见状语从句的连词
1.时间状语从句
(1)when, while与as引导的时间状语从句
连词 从句谓语动词 用法指津
从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生,也可以先后发生;当when引导
延续性动词
when 的时间状语从句为系表结构,而其主语和主句的主语一致,其表语又是
非延续性动词
一个名词时,就可以用由as引导的省略句来代替when引导的从句
while 延续性动词 从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生
as 延续性动词 强调主从句动作相伴发生,可译为“一边……一边……;随着”
When I arrived at the cinema, the movie had already started.
(2)before与since引导的时间状语从句
连词 词义 常用句式
在……之前;
还未……就……; ①It will (not) be+一段时间+before...“(没有)过……(时间)才……”
before ……才……; ②It was not long before...“不久……就……”
趁……; ③It was+时间段+before...“过了……(时间)才……”
还没来得及……
since 自从……以来 It is/has been+一段时间+since...(从句用一般过去时)
It won’t be long before you regret what you have done.
It was some time before the door opened in response to his ring.
It has been two years since he worked here.
(3)表示“一……就……”的词(短语)引导的时间状语从句
①引导时间状语从句, 且表示“一……就……”的词或短语有as soon as, the moment, the minute, the instant,
immediately, directly, instantly, hardly/scarcely...when..., no sooner... than...等。
He left the minute you turned back to write on the blackboard.
Directly the teacher came in everyone was quiet.
The science of engineering began as soon as humans learned to use tools.
②hardly/scarcely... when..., no sooner... than...中主句应用过去完成时, 从句应用一般过去时; 当no sooner...
和hardly/scarcely...位于句首时, 主句要用部分倒装。
Hardly had the game begun when it started raining.
No sooner had the words been spoken than he realized that he should have remained silent.(4)until与till引导的时间状语从句
连词 位置 用法 注意事项
not...until可用于强
until 可以放在句首 ①until/till用于肯定句时主句的谓语动词是延续性动词,
调句型
用于否定句时主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词
一般不用于强调句
till 不可放在句首 ②not until位于句首时,主句要用部分倒装
型
You must keep on fighting until /till the final victory belongs to you.
I won’t go with you until/till I finish my homework.
Not until we pointed out their fault did they realize it.
(5)引导时间状语从句的其他常见连词(短语)
after, whenever, every time, each time, next time, the first/last time, any time, by the time, the day/year等。
Every time I catch sight of myself in the mirror, I feel so confident.
By the time he got there, his friends had already moved up north.
2.条件状语从句
条件状语从句的常见引导词
if, unless, as/so long as, in case(万一), once, on condition that, provided/providing(that), supposing(that)等。
You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier.
I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep a secret.
He won’t be against us in the meeting provided that we ask for his advice in advance.
注意：条件状语从句的时态
用一般现在时代替一般将来时, 用一般过去时代替过去将来时。
If you fail in the exam, you will let him down.
3.让步状语从句
引导词 位置 语序 特别说明
although 灵活 正常
though 灵活 正常或倒装
①although与though都可以与
倒装(即从句中的表语、状语或动
yet, still, nevertheless连用,但不
as 句首 词原形置于句首, 若表语是单数
能和but连用
名词, 前置时要省略冠词)
②though还可以作副词, 意为
while 句首 正常
“可是, 然而”, 置于句末
even if与
③whoever,
灵活 正常
even though
whatever, whomever, whichever
no matter+疑问词/
还可以引导名词性从句, 但
灵活 正常 “no matter+疑问词”不可以
疑问词+-ever
whether... or not 句首 正常
Although/Though he was exhausted, (still) he kept on working.
Child as/though he was, he did quite well.We made a trip even though the weather was bad.
No matter what happened, he would not mind.
(=Whatever happened, he would not mind.)
4.结果状语从句
(1)so...that中so后面跟形容词或副词。
The boy is so young that he can’t do that by himself.
(2)such...that中such后面跟名词。
It is such nice weather that we decide to go to the beach.
5.原因状语从句
(1)because用来回答why的提问, 语气最强, 一般放在主句之后。
—Why didn’t you tell me, Archie?
—Because you might have casually mentioned it to somebody else.
(2)since/now that表示已知的理由、稍加分析即可表明的原因, 多放在句首。
Since you have started the job, you might as well finish it.
Now that we are all part of the global village, everyone becomes a neighbour.
(3)as引导的从句常放在句首, 说明次要的原因, 主句说明结果, 常用于口语中。
As she grew older, she gained in confidence.
考点2 其他状语从句
1.地点状语从句
(1)where与wherever意义基本相同,但后者语气较强,多用于书面语。
The church was built where there had once been a Roman temple.
Wherever the film star goes, there are crowds of people waiting to see her.
(2)地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。
Where there is a will, there is a way.
2.目的状语从句
(1)so that/in order that引导的目的状语从句中需用情态动词can, could等。
You have to carry a cellphone so that they can call you up at any time.
(2)for fear that(唯恐,以防)与in case引导的目的状语从句中, 谓语动词有时也用should/might/could+动词原
形。
He was very cautious for fear that he should be to blame for anything wrong.
3.方式状语从句
(1)as引导方式状语从句, 意为“按照”。
She’s old enough to have the freedom to do as she likes.(2)as if和as though的意义和用法基本一样; 从句中可以用陈述语气表示可能符合事实, 也可以用虚拟语气
表示与事实相反。
This time it looks as if we’re really going to get somewhere.
Local residents said it was as if there had been a nuclear explosion.
4.比较状语从句
(1) as...as、 not so/as...as、 the same...as表示相同程度的比较, 肯定句用as...as, 否定句可用not as...as或
not so...as。
The very first canon of nursing is to keep the air inside as fresh as the air outside.
I have never seen so much rain as it fell that February.
(2)than表示不同程度的比较, 主句中用形容词或副词的比较级。
I consider nothing more important in my life than songwriting.
考点3 状语从句的时态呼应
1.在when、 as soon as、 the moment、 if、 unless等引导的时间和条件状语从句中,遵循“主将从现”的
原则,常常要用一般现在时表示将来的意义。
I’ll telephone you as soon as I get home.
We will not attack unless we are attacked.
2.since引导的时间状语从句:从句用一般过去时,主句用完成时态或现在完成进行时态。
Two weeks has passed since the new term began.
I have been missing her since she left.
3.no sooner...than...,hardly/scarcely...when引导的时间状语从句:从句用一般过去时,主句用过去完成时态。
I had hardly come into the room when it began to rain.
No sooner had they finished a job than the new task came.
4.在by the time引导的时间状语从句中,这个词组常用来指到某一时间为止,主句常用完成时态。从句若用
一般过去时,主句则用过去完成时态。
She had slipped into a coma by the time she reached the hospital.
考点4 状语从句的省略和简化
1.状语从句的“省略和简化”现象常存在于以下5种状语从句中:
①由if、 unless等引导的条件状语从句;
②由although、 though、 even if/though等引导的让步状语从句;
③由when、 while、 as、 before、 after、 until/till等引导的时间状语从句;
④由as、 as if等引导的方式状语从句;
⑤由as、 than等引导的比较状语从句。
2.状语从句省略必须同时具备下列两个条件:①主句和从句的主语一致,或从句主语为it;
②从句谓语是be动词的某种形式。从句中的主语和be动词常可省略。
When (the museum is) completed, the museum will be open to the public next year.
If (it is) possible, he will help you out of the difficulty.
3.当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,从句可以将主语和be动词简化掉。常用于以下几种情形: 连词
+形容词/名词/非谓语动词(doing/done/to do)/介词短语。
Work hard when (you are) young, or you’ll regret.
Although (he is) doing his best in maths these days, he has still got no good marks.
Unless (you are) invited to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.
He stood up as if (he were) to say something.
二、并列句
并列句由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。在并列句中,这些简单句常由并列连词(短语)
连在一起。
并列连词的用法
用法 连词 例句
表并列、递进或 and, both...and...,neither...nor..., *He not only read the book but also remembered
顺承关系 not only...but(also)..., not...but...等 what he had read.
表转折、对比关 *It often rains in the south, while it seldom rains in
but, while等
系 the north.
*Now you can have a rest or you can go to the
表选择关系 either...or...,or等
cinema.
*He found it increasingly difficult to read, for his
表因果关系 for, so等
eyesight was beginning to fail.
注意：
(1)“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”句型是近年来高考的热点,有时祈使句部分也可用名词短语。
Hurry up, and you will catch the early bus.
One more hour and we will get everything ready for taking off.
(2)下列句型中常用并列连词when:
①be going to do sth. when...“正要做某事,这时(突然)……”
②be about to do sth.when...“正要做某事,这时(突然) ……”
③be on the point of doing sth.when...“正要做某事,这时(突然) ……”
④be doing sth.when...“正在做某事,这时(突然) ……”
⑤had just done sth.when...“刚做了某事,这时(突然) ……”
注:以上句型中的be通常是过去式。
【特别提示】语法填空题考法
1.完整的句子中, 如果两个单词或短语并列, 要填并列连词;
2.若两个句子(两个主谓结构)之间没有句号或分号, 也没有连词, 空格处必定填连词;
3.牢记特殊句式中连词的运用;
4.全面掌握九大状语从句的连接词, 熟悉它们的用法;
5.准确判断主从句的逻辑关系, 同时要注意区分易混词。
【真题演练】
1.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, ____________ by not purchasing more food
than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat.
2.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine ____________ hens
are in use.
3.(2022·全国乙卷)The Government’s sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money ____________
Ministers first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown.
4.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) He hung on for a few minutes ____________ screamed for his father, but his father didn’t
hear him.
5.(2021·全国甲卷) My bike was old and shaky ____________ did the job.
6.(2022·全国乙卷)The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the
ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation
____________ cultural exchanges.
7.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)____________ that’s hard to understand, let’s keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of
my refrigerator.
8.(2022·浙江高考)Klein, a noted historian of technology, spins a narrative so lively ____________ at times it
reads like a novel.
9.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)David had not missed a single practice, and ____________ he always finished his run long
after the other children, he did always finish.
10.(2022·全国甲卷)____________ trial-and-error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar
tests.
11.(2021·全国乙卷)It was not widely accepted as a travel concept ____________ the late 1980s.
12.(2021·天津高考)We all need to get involved in saving energy ____________ it’s at work, at home,or at
school.
13.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)The far side of the moon is of particular interest to scientists because it has a lot of deepcraters (环形山), more so ____________ the familiar near side.
【考点精练】
一、完成句子
1. he realized he had left his key in the office.
直到快到家的时候，他才意识到他把钥匙忘办公室了。
2. 即使我们在工作中取得了很大的进步，也不应该妄自尊大。(even if)
, we should not be arrogant.
3. 今天下午我没空，因为我和牙医有约。(状语从句)
I’m not available this afternoon .
4. 无论何时我们学习有困难，我们的老师总是耐心帮助我们。(have trouble with)
, our teachers always help us patiently.
5. the winter holiday is around the corner, I would appreciate it if you could post the new
book as soon as possible.
既然寒假即将到来，如果你能把新书尽快寄出我将不胜感激。
6. 每次感冒我的嗓子就疼。
, I have a pain in my throat.
7. to please yourself, it’s going to be tough to keep your motivation level high. (lose weight)
除非你努力减肥是为了悦己，否则你很难保持很高的积极性。
8. 她每天都会喂这只野猫，不管什么天气。（whatever）
She feeds the wild cat every day, .
9. With fewer cars on the roads,traffic is flowing more smoothly (比往常). （根据汉语提示完成句
子）
10. 直到父亲跟我交流之后，我才意识到我的错误。
my father communicated with me I realize my mistakes.
11. 尽管那个森林公园很远，但每年还是有很多游客去参观。
, a lot of tourists visit it every year.
12. The students the teacher came in.
直到老师进来学生们才停止谈话。
13. 假如我忘记了,请提醒一下我的诺言。
,please remind me of my promise.
14. 玛丽一到村里就开始给受伤的士兵动手术。(as soon as)
Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers .
15. 我太专注了，没日没夜地玩游戏。I played the games day and night.
16. 一听到儿子在车祸事故中丧生的消息她就哭了起来。 (moment)
She burst into tears she got the news that her son died in a car accident.
17. 虽然他没有接受很多教育，但是他在这个领域技术很高。
, he was skilled in this field.
18. 我攻读上课的同时也是一个文化使者，在中外文化之间架起了一座桥梁。
I’m learning about business, I’m also a cultural messenger building a bridge
between us.
19. 单句语法填空
(1) The review says it is more effective at lengthening life walking, cycling or swimming.
(2)Over time, the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook
more quickly.
(3)Corn uses less water rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff.
(4)It was time for her to have a new baby, it was also time for the young panda to be independent.
20. 直到我回到家，我才发现我把钥匙忘在办公室了。(强调句)
I found that I had left my keys in the office.
21. 在西方国家，有些高中毕业生往往会休学一年去背包旅行；而有些迫不及待地开始大学生活。
In western countries, some high school graduates take a gap year going backpacking, while
some university life.
22. 对于你这样的初学者来说可能有点困难，但我相信你在我的指导下会表现得很好。
(1)It may be a little difficult for the beginners like you. I believe you can perform well under my guidance.
(2) , I believe you can perform well under my guidance. (升级为让步状语从句)
23. 这并不奇怪，鉴于英语中有来自超过300种不同语言的外来词，包括拉丁语、希腊语、法语和汉语。
This comes as no surprise, English has borrowed words from more than 300 different
languages, including Latin, Greek, French and Chinese.
24. 每次我在公园里看到这位老人，他都在专注地读报纸。
the old man in the park, he is absorbed in reading newspapers.
25. 这个水手有充足的经验，每次我们受邀去参加他的聚会，他都给我们讲他有趣的经历。
The sailor has adequate experience and he tells us his interesting experiences we are invited
to his party.
26. He ran catch up with him.
他跑得那么快，我赶不上他。
27. 每次我在街上遇到她，她都会给我一个友好的微笑。, she would give me a
friendly smile.
28. 形势如此令人担忧，应该立刻采取措施。
The situation is measures should be taken at once.
29. Elsewhere, people , or .
在其他地方，人们见面时更喜欢握手，弯腰鞠躬或者点头。
30. 每当我遇到她的时候，她总是用微笑问候我。
, she greeted me with a sweet smile.
31. China plays a greater role in global affairs, increasing international
students are beginning to appreciate China’s culture.
随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更加重要的角色，越来越多的国际生开始欣赏中国文化。
32. 由于病毒在人与人之间传播，人们必须在家待上一些天。
, people are required to stay at home for some days.
33. 这部电影如此好，以至于我想再看一遍。
It is I like to see it a second time. ( so... that...)
二、用单词的适当形式完成句子
34. His bedroom is as neat his elder sister’s.
35. He was an honest student that he was praised by his teacher.
36. the numbers of such developments are relatively small, the market in the future is large.
37. They promised to develop a software package by the end of this year, difficulty they might have.
38. Parents should warn their kids not to play by the river something terrible happens.
39. Since the Autumn Equinox, most of the areas in China have entered the cool autumn. the cold air
southward meets the declining warm and wet air, precipitation(降水) is the result.
40. Although you are green, don’t worry. __________ you get older, you’ll get more experienced.
41. great the difficulty is, never will we abandon protecting the ocean.
42. But he had no time for his dream his work kept him too busy.
43. To sum up, I’ll behave toward them I would like to be treated.
44. I was writing a letter to my pen friend in the US the light went out.
45. our cultures are so different, the smiling faces are the same.
46. He speaks English clearly that he can always make himself understood.
47. Tom was sleeping sound he heard someone screaming.
48. By starting, you get the juices flowing, allowing you to get more done you anticipated.
49. our hobbies, the internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them.50. He thinks that students have signed up for minor subjects they have the energy and time to do so.
51. “We think daigou are a positive force they are good for the local economy.” says Peter Nathan,
chief executive of the local food industry.
52. I will support you happens.
53. the fact that longer-lasting materials will serve to damage the environment and its animals for
longer, we can’t only measure the severity (严重性) of a certain type of rubbish by its lifetime.
54. A number of high buildings have arisen there was nothing a year ago but ruins.
55. Strasser said Lowell got in through the back door, which he kept open at night so that Bonnie get into
the backyard.
56. There were so many people that Lucy had to shout and wave so as (notice).
57. The doctor shares his phone number with the patients in they need medical assistance.
58. The young doctor was a bit worried it was his first time to operate on a patient.
59. If you (come) this afternoon, we’ll have a meeting.
60. we make good use of public transport, the environment will be better.
61. I’ve never seen such a thing before; it is not half wide as it is long.
62. It took what seemed to be years the actress finally turned up, which made the journalists as well
as audiences disappointed and angry.
63. Man cannot discover new oceans he has the courage to lose sight of the shore.
三、单项选择
64. Jim put a table and chair in the spare room ________ his son could have a private place to study.
A. even if B. only if C. for fear that D. in order that
65. No sooner had the bell_________ that the class was over rung _________ the students rushed out of the
classroom for the dining hall.
A. indicated… when B. indicating…than
C. indicating…when D. to indicate…than
66. Oh, great changes have taken place I graduated from our school in 2004.
A. until B. before C. since D. Unless
67. Maria is so independent that she never asks for her parents’ opinions_________she wants their support.
A. since B. once C. unless D. after
68. Gradually, it faded away, ________ it was once such a great city.
A. even though B. even C. as if D. as
69. There is the chance that you will miss the bus ________ you start earlier.
A. while B. once C. unless D. if70. You may use the room as you like ________ you clean it up afterwards.
A. so far as B. so long as C. in case D. even if
71. You will be successful in the interview ______ you have confidence.
A. before B. once
C. until D. though
72. If a lot of people say a film is not good, I won’t bother to see it, or I’ll wait ______ it comes out on DVD.
A. whether B. after C. though D. until
73. ________great difficulties we are faced with, we’ll never give up.
A. Whatever B. However C. Whenever D. No matter how
74. It is 100 years _________ Qinghua University was founded.
A. before B. when C. since D. after
75. By the time the teacher _______ back, we ________ the thorough cleaning.
A. came, have finished B. comes, have finished
C. will come, will have come D. comes, will have finished
76. Hydrogen is the fundamental element of the universe____it provides the building blocks from which the other
elements are produced.
A. so that B. but that C. in that D. provided that
77. It takes three hours to get to the post office, route you make.
A. whichever B. any
C. however D. wherever
78. _____ you receive my e-mail informing you of my absence, expect me on Friday at about 6 p.m.
A. Unless B. Until C. While D. Although
79. He was ________ selfless man that everybody ________ him.
A. so a; respectableB. a such; respect C. such a; respects D. such a; respected
80. ________we don’t achieve success, we should compare failure ________the mother of success.
A. Even if; with B. Even if; to C. Even though; as D. As if; with
81. he is back, the prime minister has another chance to put his new ideas into practice.
A. Now that B. As if
C. Even if D. If only
82. Take this box and put it ________ you can find enough space.
A. whatever space B. there where
C. wherever D. where in which
83. The boys were about to go out to play football suddenly it began to rain.A. when B. as C. while D. then
84. They decide to have more workers for the project ____ it won’t be delayed.
A. even if B. as if C. now that D. so that
85. I was late for class yesterday _______ there was something wrong with my bike.
A. when B. that C. until D. because
86. ________ you send me an e-mail to say that you won’t go camping, I’ll wait for you at the park.
A. Unless B. When C. Whether D. If
87. The story is__________ interesting__________ everybody likes it very much.
A. very; that B. so; that C. such ; that D. such; because
88. —I’m green at everything.
—Don’t worry. ________you get older，you will get more experience.
A. As B. Till C. Unless D. Since
89. We________ a dinner at seven o’clock tomorrow, when CCTV________ a to broadcast news.
A. are having; will start B. will be having; starts
C. have; will start D. will have had; starts
90. ________ our teacher begins to speak, we students should give him our full attention.
A. Normally B. Mostly
C. Immediately D. Approximately
91. —How long do you think it is he arrived here?
—Only half a year I believe.
A. when B. since C. before D. that
92. The little boy saved every coin _______ he could buy his mother a present on Mother's day.
A. so that B. as soon as
C. no matter D. such that
93. ________ these messages always seem important at the time, most people can’t really remember them the
next day.
A. Now that B. Unless C. While D. Since
94. The purpose of the research project has a more different meaning for them than _________.
A. that for us B. it has for us C. it did for us D. it did for ours
95. ________ the Internet is of great help, I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it.
A. While B. Until C. If D. Before
96. If it _______ rain tomorrow, we _______ go hiking.
A. don't, will B. won't, areC. won't, will D. doesn't, will
97. Please remind me of the meeting again tomorrow ________ I forget.
A. though B. so that C. in case D. until
四、语法填空
Swimming way to success
What does it take to graduate from a university? Many 98 say all you have to do is take classes and
pass the exams. Well, it requires more than it if you’re a student at Tsinghua University.
Starting this September, freshmen at the university will have to take swimming courses. If they fail a
swimming test at the beginning of their university course, they won’t receive their degree 99 they can pass
the test successfully, according to an announcement by Tsinghua University president Qiu Yong.
Exceptions 100 (allow) for students with certain physical or mental conditions, if proved by medical
staff.
Liu Bo, head of the Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, explained 101 the university
is linking swimming ability with degrees.
“As a requisite(必要的) survival skill, swimming is beneficial for students in the long run, since swimming is
helpful in improving students’ endurance and is 102 (harmful) to joints(关节) and muscles as a water
sport,” he told China Daily.
Viewing the ability 103 (swim) as a must for students is not something new to this university - it
was also a requirement in the early 20th century.
It was later dropped 104 a rising number of students and a lack of facilities. Besides Tsinghua
University, Peking University and Xiamen University have also listed swimming as a compulsory course for
students.
However, the announcement has caused a heated debate.
Some welcomed the new rule, saying it’s a necessary skill that can save lives. “Swimming is a
fundamental(基本的) skill. It’s a way to stay healthy and is lifesaving in emergency situations. I believe making
105 mandatory(强制的) is necessary,” Yuan Jiaxiang, a junior in Tsinghua’s Department of Civil
Engineering, told China Daily.
However, some said it has nothing to do with getting a degree. “It’s not reasonable to require people to be
able to swim for them to graduate,” Zheng Xiaoyu, a high school student from the Middle School Affiliated to
Northern Jiaotong University, told China Daily. “For a lot of people who grew up in inland cities, learning how to
swim as an adult will be difficult.”
In fact, Chinese universities are not the only education organizations 106 encourage their students toswim. A few colleges in the United States - including Cornell, Columbia and MIT - offer swim classes to students.
“Anything 107 (prevent) people from dying needlessly is a valuable skill,” Fred DeBruyn, director of
aquatics(水上运动) at Cornell, told The New York Times.
